CN111138850A - 一种聚酰胺复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种聚酰胺复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111138850A CN111138850A CN201911273761.3A CN201911273761A CN111138850A CN 111138850 A CN111138850 A CN 111138850A CN 201911273761 A CN201911273761 A CN 201911273761A CN 111138850 A CN111138850 A CN 111138850A
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- Prior art keywords
- polyamide
- composite material
- red phosphorus
- polyamide composite
- glass fiber
- Prior art date
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- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- -1 methyl triallyl isocyanurate Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical group NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004427 diamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001142 dicarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001853 inorganic hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- MPJPKEMZYOAIRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(2-methylprop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound CC(=C)CN1C(=O)N(CC(C)=C)C(=O)N(CC(C)=C)C1=O MPJPKEMZYOAIRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- FWLHAQYOFMQTHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-N-[8-[[8-(4-aminoanilino)-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2-yl]amino]-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2-yl]-8-N,10-diphenylphenazin-10-ium-2,8-diamine hydroxy-oxido-dioxochromium Chemical compound O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.Nc1ccc(Nc2ccc3nc4ccc(Nc5ccc6nc7ccc(Nc8ccc9nc%10ccc(Nc%11ccccc%11)cc%10[n+](-c%10ccccc%10)c9c8)cc7[n+](-c7ccccc7)c6c5)cc4[n+](-c4ccccc4)c3c2)cc1 FWLHAQYOFMQTHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003314 Elvaloy® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OKOBUGCCXMIKDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Irganox 1098 Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)NCCCCCCNC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 OKOBUGCCXMIKDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CGRTZESQZZGAAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-[3-[1-[3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2-methylpropan-2-yl]-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecan-9-yl]-2-methylpropyl] 3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(C)(C)C2OCC3(CO2)COC(OC3)C(C)(C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)=C1 CGRTZESQZZGAAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- XSAOTYCWGCRGCP-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC XSAOTYCWGCRGCP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011243 crosslinked material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine cyanurate Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)N1 ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/04—Ingredients characterised by their shape and organic or inorganic ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/06—Pretreated ingredients and ingredients covered by the main groups C08K3/00 - C08K7/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3477—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3492—Triazines
- C08K5/34924—Triazines containing cyanurate groups; Tautomers thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/14—Glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/02—Ingredients treated with inorganic substances
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/02—Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/06—Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
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- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C08L2312/06—Crosslinking by radiation
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种聚酰胺复合材料,包括以下组分:聚酰胺树脂20‑80份;红磷阻燃剂1‑30份;甲基三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯0.01‑10份;所述的聚酰胺复合材料中聚酰胺分子间具有交联结构。通过加入甲基三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TMAIC)进行辐照交联处理,并且通过红磷阻燃剂,不仅能够满足阻燃的需求,而且灼热丝(GWIT)、漏电起痕指数(CTI)得到提升。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料技术领域,特别是涉及一种聚酰胺复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚酰胺是一种综合性能优异的聚合物材料,由于其分子链间具有较强的氢键相互作用,使得聚酰胺表现出较为优异的力学强度,尤其对于玻纤增强的聚酰胺材料,以其优异的力学性能而被广泛地应用于汽车、电动工具、轨道交通等领域。
辐照交联是一种利用各种辐射引发聚合物高分子长链之间的交联反应的技术手段,根据聚合物类别和性能需求,辐照源可以选择电子束、γ射线、中子束、粒子束等。对于聚酰胺材料而言,由于分子链间存在较强的氢键作用,简单的辐照处理难于引发聚酰胺的交联,因此,需要通过引入助交联剂的方式促进体系的交联反应,从而得到辐照交联材料。
一般聚酰胺能够使用的辐照交联剂有三聚氰酸三烯丙酯(TAC)、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TAIC)、甲基三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TMAIC)。
专利02-196856A2公开了一种溴系阻燃辐照交联聚酰胺复合材料,该材料采用三聚氰酸三烯丙酯(TAC)或者三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TAIC)作为交联剂,采用离子束对材料进行辐照处理,最终得到辐照交联聚酰胺材料。但是,由于该复合材料为溴系阻燃聚酰胺并且TAC或TAIC作为交联剂的防漏电性能不足,漏电起痕指数等性能均呈现出一定的劣势。
总体而言,辐照交联聚酰胺材料已经逐步地应用于电子电气等领域,但是该类材料的发展及应用仍然处于初级阶段,材料种类较少,现存的阻燃辐照交联聚酰胺材料仍存在一定缺陷,在应用端存在一定风险。除此之外,被广泛应用于辐照交联聚酰胺材料中的助交联剂TAIC热稳定性不足,在较高的加工温度下易于发生分解从而导致辐照过程中的交联反应不够充分,最终导致材料综合性能的提升十分有限。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提供一种聚酰胺复合材料,通过加入TMAIC进行辐照交联处理,同时加入红磷阻燃剂,使得聚酰胺复合材料不仅能够满足阻燃的需求,而且灼热丝(GWIT)、漏电起痕指数(CTI)得到提升。
本发明的另一目的在于,提供聚酰胺复合材料的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种聚酰胺复合材料,包括以下组分:
聚酰胺树脂 20-80份;
红磷阻燃剂 1-30份;
甲基三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯 0.01-10份;
所述的聚酰胺复合材料中聚酰胺分子间具有交联结构。
交联结构的表征:
精确称量0.3g不同剂量的聚酰胺复合材料辐照样品,并将其放入索氏提取器。用间甲酚萃取48小时,用甲醇萃取24小时后,有聚酰胺残余物剩余,则聚酰胺复合材料中的聚酰胺分子间具有交联结构。
通过辐照交联处理后,聚酰胺链段中氨基旁的α-碳会断链,与其他分子链形成新的化学键,进而形成交联网络结构。形成交联结构后,间甲酚、甲醇无法溶解,会发生溶胀。但是,没有形成交联的聚酰胺树脂几乎可以完全溶解。
所述的聚酰胺树脂选自通过二元胺单元和二元羧酸单元缩聚得到的聚酰胺树脂、通过内酰胺单元的开环聚合得到的聚酰胺树脂、通过氨基羧酸单元的自缩合得到的聚酰胺树脂、或通过至少两种上述构成这些聚酰胺树脂的单元的共聚而得到的聚酰胺共聚树脂。
所述的红磷阻燃剂选自红磷粉或者红磷阻燃母粒。
所述的红磷阻燃母粒中红磷占总重量的10%-15%,红磷阻燃母粒被包覆材料所包覆,包覆材料选自无机氢氧化物、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂中的至少一种。
还包括0-50份的玻璃纤维;所述的玻璃纤维选自E玻璃纤维、H玻璃纤维、R,S玻璃纤维、D玻璃纤维、C玻璃纤维、石英玻璃纤维中的至少一种。
优选的,所述玻璃纤维选自E玻璃纤维。
所述玻璃纤维的直径为7-18微米;
优选的,玻璃纤维的直径为9-15微米。
按重量份计,还包括0-10份的助剂;所述的助剂选自着色剂、增韧剂、抗氧剂中的至少一种。
着色剂,不限于以下物质,可以列举例如:苯胺黑等染料、氧化钛和炭黑等颜料;铝、着色铝、镍、锡、铜、金、银、铂、氧化铁、不锈钢和钛等金属粒子;云母制珠光颜料、彩色石墨、彩色玻璃纤维和彩色玻璃鳞片等金属颜料等。具体的可以是PE基炭黑母粒。
抗氧剂,选自受阻酚类抗氧化剂,选自但不限于以下物质,可以列举例如:3-(3’,5’-而叔丁基-4’-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八烷基酯、3-(3’-甲基-5-叔丁基-4’-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八烷基酯、3-(3’,5’-二叔丁基-4’-羟基苯基)丙酸正十四烷基酯、1,6-己二醇双(3-(3,5-而叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯)、四(亚甲基-3-(3’,5’-二叔丁基-4’-羟基苯基)丙酸酯)甲烷、3,9-双(2-(3-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)丙酰氧基)-1,1-二甲基乙基)-2,4,8,10-四氧杂螺(5,5)十一烷等。
增韧剂,具体可以是:乙烯、丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的三聚物,乙烯和丙烯酸丁酯的共聚物,乙烯和丙烯酸甲酯的共聚物、乙烯、丙烯酸正丁酯和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的共聚物,乙烯和马来酸酐的共聚物,用马来酸酐接枝的乙烯/丙烯/二烯烃共聚物,用马来酸酐接枝的苯乙烯/马来酰亚胺共聚物,用马来酸酐改性的苯乙烯/乙烯/丁烯/苯乙烯共聚物,用马来酸酐接枝的苯乙烯/丙烯腈共聚物,用马来酸酐接枝的丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚物,以及它们的氢化形式。
上述聚酰胺复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:按照比例称取聚酰胺树脂、红磷阻燃剂、甲基三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、助剂,在高混机中进行预混合得到预混物,然后将预混物投入双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融混合(如有玻璃纤维,则侧喂加入),并挤出造粒,得到制件;其中,双螺杆挤出机的螺杆长径比为40~48:1,螺筒温度为240~300℃,螺杆转速为200~550rpm;将挤出造粒的聚酰胺复合材料进行注塑成型,注塑温度为270~300℃,注塑压力为55~100 MPa;将制件进行辐照交联处理,处理过程中采用电子束作为辐射源,辐照剂量为15-25 Mrad,得到聚酰胺复合材料。
本发明具有如下有益效果
本发明通过选择甲基三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TMAIC)作为辐照交联助剂,并且通过选用红磷阻燃剂使制备得到的聚酰胺复合材料不仅具有优良的阻燃效果,并且具有优秀的电性能(灼热丝(GWIT)、漏电起痕指数(CTI)都得到了提升)。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例和对比实施例来进一步说明本发明,以下具体实施例均为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受下述实施例的限制,特别并不局限于下述具体实施例中所使用的各组分原料的型号。
本发明所用原料来源如下:
聚酰胺A:66型聚酰胺,牌号PA66 EP-158;
聚酰胺B:6型聚酰胺,牌号PA6 HY2800A;
红磷阻燃剂A:红磷粉,MM-F1,苏州美茂新材料有限公司;
红磷阻燃剂B:红磷阻燃母粒,红磷含量13%,包覆树脂为酚醛树脂;
红磷阻燃剂C:红磷阻燃母粒,红磷含量9%,包覆树脂为酚醛树脂;
甲基三烯甲基三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TMAIC):牌号FARIDA H-2,方锐达化学品有限公司;
其他阻燃剂A:二乙基次膦酸铝,磷含量23~24%,Clariant公司;
其他阻燃剂B:氰尿酸三聚氰胺,寿光卫东化工有限公司;
其他阻燃剂C:缩合磷酸铝,石家庄鑫盛化工有限公司;
抗氧剂:受阻酚类,牌号 IRGANOX 1098,BASF;
着色剂:牌号UN2005,PE基炭黑母粒,卡博特公司;
增韧剂:牌号Elvaloy AC resin 1125,EMA型增韧剂,DuPont;
短切玻璃纤维A:ECS11-4.5-560A,E玻璃纤维,中国巨石,直径11微米;
短切玻璃纤维B:S-1 TM435HM-10-3.0,S玻璃纤维,中国泰山玻璃纤维有限公司,直径10微米;
TAC:赢创德固赛投资有限公司;
TAIC:赢创德固赛投资有限公司;
实施例和对比例2-5聚酰胺复合材料的制备方法:按照比例称取聚酰胺树脂、红磷阻燃剂、甲基三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、助剂,在高混机中进行预混合得到预混物,然后将预混物投入双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融混合,并挤出造粒,得到制件;其中,双螺杆挤出机的螺杆长径比为40:1(在螺杆5-6段侧喂玻璃纤维),螺筒温度为240~300℃,螺杆转速为300rpm;将挤出造粒的阻燃聚酰胺复合材料进行注塑成型,注塑温度为280℃,注塑压力为70 MPa;将制件进行辐照交联处理,处理过程中采用电子束作为辐射源,辐照剂量为20 Mrad,得到聚酰胺复合材料。
对比例1聚酰胺复合材料的制备方法:制备方法除了不进行辐照交联处理,其他与实施例的制备方法相同。
各项性能测试方法:
(1)阻燃性能:根据UL 94的相关标准对样条进行阻燃性能测试,样品厚度为0.8mm;
(2)CTI:材料表面能经受住50滴电解液(0.1%氯化铵水溶液)而没有形成漏电痕迹的最高电压值,单位为V。根据标准IEC-60112中的相关规定进行CTI性能测试,样品厚度不得小于3mm。
(3)GWIT:加热元件与样片接触时材料起燃且燃烧时间超过5s的最低温度,单位是℃。根据IEC-60335中的相关规定进行GWIT测试,样品厚度为1.5mm。
表1:实施例和对比例1聚酰胺复合材料的组分配比及各项性测试结果
实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | 实施例7 | 对比例1 | |
聚酰胺A | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | |
聚酰胺B | 50 | |||||||
红磷阻燃剂A | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 25 | 12 | ||
红磷阻燃剂B | 12 | |||||||
红磷阻燃剂C | 12 | |||||||
TMAIC | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 |
短切玻璃纤维A | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | |
短切玻璃纤维B | 25 | |||||||
增韧剂 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
着色剂 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
抗氧剂 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
阻燃性能(0.8mm) | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 |
CTI,V | 525 | 525 | 525 | 525 | 500 | 550 | 525 | 400 |
GWIT,℃ | 800 | 800 | 800 | 775 | 775 | 800 | 800 | 750 |
表2:对比例2-聚酰胺复合材料的组分配比及各项性测试结果
对比例2 | 对比例3 | 对比例4 | 对比例5 | 对比例6 | |
聚酰胺A | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
红磷阻燃剂A | 12 | 12 | |||
其他阻燃剂A | 12 | ||||
其他阻燃剂B | 12 | ||||
其他阻燃剂C | 12 | ||||
TMAIC | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||
TAC | 2 | ||||
TAIC | 2 | ||||
短切玻璃纤维A | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
增韧剂 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
着色剂 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
抗氧剂 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
阻燃性能(0.8mm) | V-2 | V-1 | V-2 | V-0 | V-0 |
CTI,V | 475 | 450 | 475 | 475 | 475 |
GWIT,℃ | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 775 |
CTI性能对于防漏电性能的意义重大,如仅提升25V也是非常困难及有意义的。
从实施例3/4可以看出,优选的红磷阻燃母粒的红磷含量在优选的范围内,GWIT性能更好。
从实施例2/5可以看出,优选的玻璃纤维,防漏电性能、GWIT更好。
从对比例1可以看出,不进行辐照交联,除了阻燃性能,CTI和GWIT性能都较差。
从对比例2-4可以看出,TMAIC必须复配红磷阻燃剂才能提升防漏电性能。
从对比例5-6可以看出,传统的TAC、TAIC,其CT、GWIT性能较差。
Claims (9)
1.一种聚酰胺复合材料,其特征在于,包括以下组分:
聚酰胺树脂 20-80份;
红磷阻燃剂 1-30份;
甲基三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯 0.01-10份;
所述的聚酰胺复合材料中聚酰胺分子间具有交联结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺复合材料,其特征在于,所述的聚酰胺树脂选自通过二元胺单元和二元羧酸单元缩聚得到的聚酰胺树脂、通过内酰胺单元的开环聚合得到的聚酰胺树脂、通过氨基羧酸单元的自缩合得到的聚酰胺树脂、或通过至少两种上述构成这些聚酰胺树脂的单元的共聚而得到的聚酰胺共聚树脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺复合材料,其特征在于,所述的红磷阻燃剂选自红磷粉或者红磷阻燃母粒。
4.根据权利要求3所述的聚酰胺复合材料,其特征在于,所述的红磷阻燃母粒中红磷占总重量的10%-15%,红磷阻燃母粒被包覆材料所包覆,包覆材料选自无机氢氧化物、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺复合材料,其特征在于,按重量份计,还包括0-50份的玻璃纤维;所述的玻璃纤维选自E玻璃纤维、H玻璃纤维、R,S玻璃纤维、D玻璃纤维、C玻璃纤维、石英玻璃纤维中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的聚酰胺复合材料,其特征在于,所述玻璃纤维选自E玻璃纤维。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的聚酰胺复合材料,其特征在于,所述玻璃纤维的直径为7-18微米;优选的,玻璃纤维的直径为9-15微米。
8.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺复合材料,其特征在于,按重量份计,还包括0-10份的助剂;所述的助剂选自着色剂、增韧剂、抗氧剂中的至少一种。
9.权利要求8所述的聚酰胺复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:按照比例称取聚酰胺树脂、红磷阻燃剂、甲基三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、助剂,在高混机中进行预混合得到预混物,然后将预混物投入双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融混合,并挤出造粒,得到制件;其中,双螺杆挤出机的螺杆长径比为40~48:1,螺筒温度为240~300℃,螺杆转速为200~550rpm;将挤出造粒的聚酰胺复合材料进行注塑成型,注塑温度为270~300℃,注塑压力为55~100 MPa;将制件进行辐照交联处理,处理过程中采用电子束作为辐射源,辐照剂量为15-25 Mrad,得到聚酰胺复合材料。
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CN112266606A (zh) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-26 | 金发科技股份有限公司 | 一种高耐磨高耐候的聚酰胺组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN112662170A (zh) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-04-16 | 中广核俊尔(浙江)新材料有限公司 | 一种低压电器用阻燃耐高温聚酰胺材料及其制备方法 |
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WO2021114912A1 (zh) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-06-17 | 金发科技股份有限公司 | 一种聚酰胺复合材料及其制备方法 |
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WO2021114912A1 (zh) | 2021-06-17 |
JP7443524B2 (ja) | 2024-03-05 |
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JP2023506153A (ja) | 2023-02-15 |
EP4053218A4 (en) | 2022-12-28 |
EP4053218A1 (en) | 2022-09-07 |
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