CN111066733A - Method for breeding hermetia illucens by preparing feed from organic perishable garbage - Google Patents
Method for breeding hermetia illucens by preparing feed from organic perishable garbage Download PDFInfo
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- 241000709785 Hermetia illucens Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000561734 Celosia cristata Species 0.000 claims description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940036811 bone meal Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000001727 glucose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000019617 pupation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims 2
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- 244000131316 Panax pseudoginseng Species 0.000 claims 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001481656 Stratiomyidae Species 0.000 abstract 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 2
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- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000709334 Hermetia Species 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000360 alopecia Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021120 animal protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing feed for breeding black soldier flies by using organic perishable garbage. The breeding method provided by the invention can meet the breeding requirement of the hermetia illucens, can improve the feeding efficiency and survival rate of the hermetia illucens larvae, fully utilizes the nutrients in organic perishable garbage, and realizes rapid conversion and utilization. The method secondarily utilizes the waste resources such as organic perishable garbage, straws, bean dregs and the like, is simple to operate, low in cost, low in carbon, environment-friendly and high in economic value, and provides a basic scheme for large-scale and industrial culture of the hermetia illucens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hermetia illucens breeding, in particular to a method for breeding hermetia illucens by preparing feed from organic perishable garbage.
Background
Organic perishable garbage, also called wet garbage, mainly comes from agricultural production and household garbage, and mainly comprises: a great variety of organic matters such as excrement, dregs, filter mud, kitchen and vegetable market garbage and the like are easy to decay and deteriorate in the natural environment, become a pollution source which hinders normal production and life, and cause environmental pollution. On the other hand, organic perishable wastes contain a large amount of nutrients, and if they can be reused, they are huge wealth.
Hermetia illucens (Hermitia illucens) is an insect of the genus hermetia in the family hermetiaceae of the order diptera, also known as hermetia illucens, and is distributed in most parts of the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The black soldier fly larvae can be converted into self substances such as protein, fat and the like by using kitchen waste, livestock and poultry excrement, agricultural and sideline product leftovers and the like as food, the problem of more and more serious environmental pollution caused by the waste can be solved, the harvested larvae are processed into animal protein feed additives, the larvae can also be directly fed to larvae such as chickens, fish, turtles, shrimps, yellow eel, golden dragon fish, birds, rare birds, wood frogs and the like, antibiotics, fat agents and the like can also be extracted, cosmetics are produced, and external medicines particularly have obvious curative effects on symptoms such as rheumatic eczema, alopecia and the like.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a method for breeding hermetia illucens by preparing feed from the organic perishable garbage to realize zero pollution treatment of the organic perishable garbage and reuse of waste resources, thereby realizing win-win of economic, environmental and social benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for breeding hermetia illucens by preparing feed from organic perishable garbage, which efficiently utilizes the organic perishable garbage to breed the hermetia illucens, and is a novel environment-friendly breeding mode.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing feed for breeding hermetia illucens by using organic perishable garbage comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting organic perishable garbage, and detecting the heavy metal content index of the organic perishable garbage, wherein the heavy metals comprise arsenic, lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury, zinc and copper, if any one of the heavy metal elements seriously exceeds the standard, landfill treatment is carried out, and if none of the heavy metal elements seriously exceeds the standard, mixing is carried out;
(2) mixing the organic perishable garbage with an auxiliary material A, wherein the auxiliary material A consists of straws, wheat bran and sawdust in a weight ratio of 1-1.3:1.5-2:0.8-1, and sequentially screening, crushing, sterilizing and pulping after mixing to obtain organic perishable garbage slurry;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the slurry to 7.2-7.6, and controlling the water content of the slurry to 66-70%;
(4) mixing the slurry obtained in the step (3) with an auxiliary material B, adding a composite strain accounting for 1-1.5% of the total weight of the slurry and the auxiliary material B, and fermenting to obtain a feed A; wherein the weight ratio of the auxiliary material B to the slurry is 1-1.5:10, the auxiliary material B consists of bean dregs, straw, bone meal, glucose and baking soda, and the weight ratio is 3:3-3.5:1-1.4:2-3: 0.8;
(5) mixing the slurry obtained in the step (3) with an auxiliary material C, adding a composite strain accounting for 1-1.5% of the total weight of the slurry and the auxiliary material C, and fermenting to obtain a feed B; wherein the weight ratio of the auxiliary material C to the slurry is 2-2.5:9-10, the auxiliary material C consists of peanut bran, wheat bran, sawdust, corn flour and cockscomb ginseng, and the weight ratio is 2-3:2.5-3:0.5-1.5:0.8-1.5: 1;
(6) putting the black soldier fly larvae into a breeding box, breeding by adopting a feed A and a feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:2, putting 2-6 kg of the black soldier fly larvae into each hundred kg of mixed feed, and adding 50 kg of the mixed feed every 2-3 days after the mixed feed is exhausted until the black soldier fly larvae grow to 3 years old;
(7) after the black soldier fly larvae grow to 3 years old, feeding the black soldier fly larvae with the feed A and the feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:1.5, and adding 60-70 kg of mixed feed every 2-3 days until the black soldier fly larvae grow to 4 years old;
(8) after the black soldier fly larvae grow to 4 years old, feeding the black soldier fly larvae with the feed A and the feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:1, and adding 70-80 kg of mixed feed every day until the black soldier fly larvae grow to 6 years old;
(9) after the black soldier fly larvae enter the pre-pupation period, stopping feeding, adding wood dust, and pupating and forming into the larvae in a dry environment.
Further, in the step (4), the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 22-32 ℃, the mixture is stirred once every 2 hours, and the fermentation time is 8-15 days, so that the feed A is obtained.
Further, in the step (5), the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, the mixture is stirred once every 2 hours, and the fermentation time is 6-12 days, so that the feed B is obtained.
Further, the composite bacterial seeds in the step (4) and the step (5) are activated before use.
Further, the feeding temperature in the step (6) is controlled at 25-30 ℃ and the relative humidity is controlled at 70-75%.
Further, the feeding temperature in the step (7) is controlled at 27 ℃ and the relative humidity is 70%.
Further, the feeding temperature in the step (8) is controlled at 30 ℃ and the relative humidity is 70%.
Further, the composite strain in the step (4) comprises bacillus licheniformis, saccharomycetes, white-rot fungi and trichoderma in a weight ratio of 30:15:20: 12.
Further, the composite bacterial strain in the step (5) comprises bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria and actinomycetes, and the weight ratio is 30:10: 25.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the organic perishable garbage is rich in nutrition, but the black soldier fly is fed by the aid of the organic perishable garbage alone, so that the conversion rate is low, the breeding effect is poor, the black soldier fly breeding requirement can be met by the aid of the three auxiliary materials matched with the organic perishable garbage, feeding efficiency and survival rate of black soldier fly larvae can be improved, nutrients in the organic perishable garbage are fully utilized, and rapid conversion and utilization are achieved;
(2) according to the invention, two different composite strains are designed and added aiming at two black soldier fly feeds, so that the organic perishable garbage can be prevented from deteriorating, and a good fermentation effect can be obtained;
(3) the method secondarily utilizes the waste resources such as organic perishable garbage, straws, bean dregs and the like, is simple to operate, low in cost, low in carbon, environment-friendly and high in economic value, and provides a basic scheme for large-scale and industrial culture of the hermetia illucens.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
(1) Detecting the content of heavy metals in the collected organic perishable garbage, wherein the heavy metals comprise arsenic, lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury, zinc and copper, if any one of the elements seriously exceeds the standard, landfill treatment is carried out, and if the elements do not seriously exceed the standard, mixing materials;
(2) mixing the organic perishable garbage with an auxiliary material A, wherein the auxiliary material A consists of straws, wheat bran and sawdust in a weight ratio of 1:1.5:0.8, and sequentially screening, crushing, sterilizing and pulping after mixing to obtain organic perishable garbage slurry;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the slurry to 7.2, and controlling the water content of the slurry to be 66%;
(4) mixing the slurry obtained in the step (3) with an auxiliary material B, adding a composite strain accounting for 1% of the total weight of the slurry and the auxiliary material B, wherein the composite strain comprises 30 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 15 parts of saccharomycetes, 20 parts of white-rot fungi and 12 parts of trichoderma, controlling the temperature at 22 ℃, stirring once every 2 hours, and fermenting for 8 days to obtain a feed A; wherein the weight ratio of the auxiliary material B to the slurry is 1:10, and the auxiliary material B consists of bean dregs, straws, bone meal, glucose and baking soda in a weight ratio of 3:3:1:2: 0.8;
(5) mixing the slurry obtained in the step (3) with an auxiliary material C, adding a compound strain accounting for 1% of the total weight of the slurry and the auxiliary material C, controlling the temperature at 25 ℃, stirring once every 2 hours, and fermenting for 6 days to obtain a feed B, wherein the compound strain comprises 30 parts of bacillus subtilis, 10 parts of lactic acid bacteria and 25 parts of actinomycetes; wherein the weight ratio of the auxiliary material C to the slurry is 2:9, the auxiliary material C consists of peanut bran, wheat bran, sawdust, corn flour and cockscomb ginseng, and the weight ratio is 2:2.5:0.5:0.8: 1;
(6) putting the black soldier fly larvae into a breeding box, controlling the temperature to be 25 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 70%, feeding the black soldier fly larvae by adopting feed A and feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:2, putting 2 kg of the black soldier fly larvae into each hundred kg of mixed feed, and adding 50 kg of the mixed feed every 2 days after the mixed feed is exhausted until the black soldier fly larvae grow to be 3 years old;
(7) after the black soldier fly larvae grow to 3 years old, controlling the temperature to be 27 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 70%, feeding the feed A and the feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:1.5, and adding 60 kilograms of mixed feed every 2 days until the black soldier fly larvae grow to 4 years old;
(8) after the black soldier fly larvae grow to 4 years old, controlling the temperature to be 30 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 70%, feeding the feed A and the feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:1, and adding 70 kg of mixed feed every day until the black soldier fly larvae grow to 6 years old;
(9) after the black soldier fly larvae enter the pre-pupation period, stopping feeding, adding wood dust, and pupating and forming into the larvae in a dry environment.
Example 2
(1) Detecting the content of heavy metals in the collected organic perishable garbage, wherein the heavy metals comprise arsenic, lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury, zinc and copper, if any one of the elements seriously exceeds the standard, landfill treatment is carried out, and if the elements do not seriously exceed the standard, mixing materials;
(2) mixing the organic perishable garbage with an auxiliary material A, wherein the auxiliary material A consists of straws, wheat bran and sawdust in a weight ratio of 1.3:2:1, and sequentially screening, crushing, sterilizing and pulping after mixing to obtain organic perishable garbage slurry;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the slurry to 7.6, and controlling the water content of the slurry to be 70%;
(4) mixing the slurry obtained in the step (3) with an auxiliary material B, adding a composite strain accounting for 1.5 percent of the total weight of the slurry and the auxiliary material B, wherein the composite strain comprises 30 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 15 parts of saccharomycetes, 20 parts of white-rot fungi and 12 parts of trichoderma, controlling the temperature at 32 ℃, stirring once every 2 hours, and fermenting for 15 days to obtain a feed A; wherein the weight ratio of the auxiliary material B to the slurry is 1.5:10, the auxiliary material B consists of bean dregs, straws, bone meal, glucose and baking soda, and the weight ratio is 3:3.5:1.4:3: 0.8;
(5) mixing the slurry obtained in the step (3) with an auxiliary material C, adding a composite strain accounting for 1.5 percent of the total weight of the slurry and the auxiliary material C, wherein the composite strain comprises 30 parts of bacillus subtilis, 10 parts of lactic acid bacteria and 25 parts of actinomycetes, then controlling the temperature at 30 ℃, stirring once every 2 hours, and fermenting for 12 days to obtain a feed B; wherein the weight ratio of the auxiliary material C to the slurry is 2.5:10, the auxiliary material C consists of peanut bran, wheat bran, sawdust, corn flour and cockscomb ginseng, and the weight ratio is 3:3:1.5:1.5: 1;
(6) putting the black soldier fly larvae into a breeding box, controlling the temperature to be 30 ℃, controlling the relative humidity to be 75%, breeding the feed A and the feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:2, putting 6 kg of the black soldier fly larvae into each hundred kg of mixed feed, and adding 50 kg of the mixed feed every 3 days after the mixed feed is used up until the black soldier fly larvae grow to 3 years old;
(7) after the black soldier fly larvae grow to 3 years old, controlling the temperature to be 27 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 70%, feeding the feed A and the feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:1.5, and adding 70 kilograms of mixed feed every 3 days until the black soldier fly larvae grow to 4 years old;
(8) after the black soldier fly larvae grow to 4 years old, controlling the temperature to be 30 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 70%, feeding the feed A and the feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:1, and adding 80 kg of mixed feed every day until the black soldier fly larvae grow to 6 years old;
(9) after the black soldier fly larvae enter the pre-pupation period, stopping feeding, adding wood dust, and pupating and forming into the larvae in a dry environment.
Example 3
(1) Detecting the content of heavy metals in the collected organic perishable garbage, wherein the heavy metals comprise arsenic, lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury, zinc and copper, if any one of the elements seriously exceeds the standard, landfill treatment is carried out, and if the elements do not seriously exceed the standard, mixing materials;
(2) mixing the organic perishable garbage with an auxiliary material A, wherein the auxiliary material A consists of straws, wheat bran and sawdust in a weight ratio of 1.1:1.7:0.9, and sequentially screening, crushing, sterilizing and pulping after mixing to obtain organic perishable garbage slurry;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the slurry to 7.4, and controlling the water content of the slurry to be 68%;
(4) mixing the slurry obtained in the step (3) with an auxiliary material B, adding a composite strain accounting for 1.3 percent of the total weight of the slurry and the auxiliary material B, wherein the composite strain comprises 30 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 15 parts of saccharomycetes, 20 parts of white-rot fungi and 12 parts of trichoderma, controlling the temperature at 28 ℃, stirring once every 2 hours, and fermenting for 10 days to obtain a feed A; wherein the weight ratio of the auxiliary material B to the slurry is 1.4:10, the auxiliary material B consists of bean dregs, straws, bone meal, glucose and baking soda, and the weight ratio is 3:3.2:1.2:2.5: 0.8;
(5) mixing the slurry obtained in the step (3) with an auxiliary material C, adding a composite strain accounting for 1.3 percent of the total weight of the slurry and the auxiliary material C, wherein the composite strain comprises 30 parts of bacillus subtilis, 10 parts of lactic acid bacteria and 25 parts of actinomycetes, and then stirring the mixture once every 2 hours at the temperature of 27 ℃ for 10 days to obtain a feed B; wherein the weight ratio of the auxiliary material C to the slurry is 2.2:10, the auxiliary material C consists of peanut bran, wheat bran, sawdust, corn flour and cockscomb ginseng, and the weight ratio is 2.5:2.5:1:1.3: 1;
(6) putting the black soldier fly larvae into a breeding box, controlling the temperature to be 26 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 72%, feeding the black soldier fly larvae by adopting feed A and feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:2, putting 5 kg of the black soldier fly larvae into each hundred kg of mixed feed, and adding 50 kg of the mixed feed every 3 days after the mixed feed is exhausted until the black soldier fly larvae grow to be 3 years old;
(7) after the black soldier fly larvae grow to 3 years old, controlling the temperature to be 27 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 70%, feeding the feed A and the feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:1.5, and adding 65 kg of mixed feed every 3 days until the black soldier fly larvae grow to 4 years old;
(8) after the black soldier fly larvae grow to 4 years old, controlling the temperature to be 30 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 70%, feeding the feed A and the feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:1, and adding 75 kg of mixed feed every day until the black soldier fly larvae grow to 6 years old;
(9) after the black soldier fly larvae enter the pre-pupation period, stopping feeding, adding wood dust, and pupating and forming into the larvae in a dry environment.
In the description of the specification, reference to the description of "one embodiment", "preferably", "an example", "a specific example" or "some examples", etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention, and schematic representations of the terms in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention. Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing feed for breeding hermetia illucens by using organic perishable garbage comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting organic perishable garbage, and detecting the heavy metal content index of the organic perishable garbage, wherein the heavy metals comprise arsenic, lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury, zinc and copper, if any one of the heavy metal elements seriously exceeds the standard, landfill treatment is carried out, and if none of the heavy metal elements seriously exceeds the standard, mixing is carried out;
(2) mixing the organic perishable garbage with an auxiliary material A, wherein the auxiliary material A consists of straws, wheat bran and sawdust in a weight ratio of 1-1.3:1.5-2:0.8-1, and sequentially screening, crushing, sterilizing and pulping after mixing to obtain organic perishable garbage slurry;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the slurry to 7.2-7.6, and controlling the water content of the slurry to 66-70%;
(4) mixing the slurry obtained in the step (3) with an auxiliary material B, adding a composite strain accounting for 1-1.5% of the total weight of the slurry and the auxiliary material B for fermentation, and obtaining the feed A after fermentation; wherein the weight ratio of the auxiliary material B to the slurry is 1-1.5:10, the auxiliary material B consists of bean dregs, straw, bone meal, glucose and baking soda, and the weight ratio is 3:3-3.5:1-1.4:2-3: 0.8;
(5) mixing the slurry obtained in the step (3) with an auxiliary material C, adding a composite strain accounting for 1-1.5% of the total weight of the slurry and the auxiliary material C, and fermenting to obtain a feed B; wherein the weight ratio of the auxiliary material C to the slurry is 2-2.5:9-10, the auxiliary material C consists of peanut bran, wheat bran, sawdust, corn flour and cockscomb ginseng, and the weight ratio is 2-3:2.5-3:0.5-1.5:0.8-1.5: 1;
(6) putting the black soldier fly larvae into a breeding box, breeding by adopting a feed A and a feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:2, putting 2-6 kg of the black soldier fly larvae into each hundred kg of mixed feed, and adding 50 kg of the mixed feed every 2-3 days after the mixed feed is exhausted until the black soldier fly larvae grow to 3 years old;
(7) after the black soldier fly larvae grow to 3 years old, feeding the black soldier fly larvae with the feed A and the feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:1.5, and adding 60-70 kg of mixed feed every 2-3 days until the black soldier fly larvae grow to 4 years old;
(8) after the black soldier fly larvae grow to 4 years old, feeding the black soldier fly larvae with the feed A and the feed B according to the weight ratio of 1:1, and adding 70-80 kg of mixed feed every day until the black soldier fly larvae grow to 6 years old;
(9) after the black soldier fly larvae enter the pre-pupation period, stopping feeding, adding wood dust, and pupating and forming into the larvae in a dry environment.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 22-32 ℃, the mixture is stirred once every 2 hours, and the fermentation time is 8-15 days, so that the feed A is obtained.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, the mixture is stirred once every 2 hours, and the fermentation time is 6-12 days, so that the feed B is obtained.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite bacterial species in step (4) and step (5) are activated before use.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the feeding temperature in the step (6) is controlled to be 25 to 30 ℃ and the relative humidity is 70 to 75%.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the feeding temperature in the step (7) is controlled at 27 ℃ and 70% relative humidity.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the feeding temperature in the step (8) is controlled at 30 ℃ and 70% relative humidity.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the composite bacterial strain in the step (4) comprises bacillus licheniformis, yeast, white rot fungus and trichoderma in a weight ratio of 30:15:20: 12.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the composite bacterial species in step (5) comprises bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus, and actinomycetes in a weight ratio of 30:10: 25.
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