CN112741234B - Efficient breeding feed for hermetia illucens and breeding method thereof - Google Patents
Efficient breeding feed for hermetia illucens and breeding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency breeding feed for hermetia illucens and a breeding method thereof, wherein the breeding feed is prepared by crushing potato residues, hemp residues and straws in parts by weight; the biological habit of the black soldier flies is fully considered in the formula, the potato residue is used for providing carbohydrate, and the hemp residue can effectively improve the protein and fat content in the formula to reach the level of the black soldier flies suitable for eating; the straw is smashed to enable the material to be relatively fluffy, the air permeability of the material is increased, the water content of the material is adjusted, the feeding efficiency of the hermetia illucens is improved, and the average yield of the hermetia illucens is obviously improved. The utilization of the main raw material waste potato dregs not only efficiently utilizes the waste and reduces the environmental pollution, but also has low energy consumption and low investment cost for processing the potato dregs. The method for breeding the hermetia illucens realizes three-dimensional intensive efficient breeding through four steps of breeding feed preparation, breeding feed treatment, inoculating hermetia illucens seedlings, harvesting and screening, and is small in occupied area; meanwhile, the method improves the bioconversion efficiency of the hermetia illucens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic matter resource utilization and hermetia illucens breeding, and particularly relates to a feed for efficiently breeding hermetia illucens and a breeding method thereof.
Background
The black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.), also known as Hermetia illucens, the rotten soldier fly can pick up feces of livestock and poultry and domestic garbage to produce high-value animal protein feed, and because the black soldier fly has the characteristics of rapid propagation, large biomass, wide feeding range, high absorption and conversion rate, easy management, low feeding cost, good animal palatability and the like, the black soldier fly has the advantages of resource utilization, and the larva is called as the 'phoenix insect', becomes a resource insect with the same name as fly maggot, yellow mealworm, barley pest and the like, and is popularized in the whole world. The natural products are produced in America, are widely distributed all over the world at present, are introduced into China in recent years, and are widely distributed in Guizhou, guangxi, guangdong, shanghai, yunnan, taiwan, hunan, hubei and the like. At present, the method is widely applied to the treatment of wastes such as chicken manure, pig manure, kitchen waste and the like.
The black soldier fly breeding technology is gradually applied to the treatment of kitchen waste. The hermetia illucens bred by utilizing the biomass organic waste can be used for treating a large amount of kitchen waste, so that the high-efficiency harmless treatment of the kitchen waste is realized, the environment pollution caused by the mass propagation of pathogenic microorganisms caused by improper kitchen waste treatment is avoided, and considerable hermetia illucens larvae can be harvested. The black soldier fly larvae contain rich protein and fat, are important high-nutritive value feeds, and can be widely used for breeding high-quality livestock products such as native chickens.
In recent years, the fourth staple food strategy of potatoes is implemented by the nation, and the potatoes are one of ten special and dominant industries of agriculture and animal husbandry which are intensively developed in Qinghai province and are also one of the major industries of Qinghai province. The Qinghai province is in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, the climate is cold, the soil is rich in potassium, and the method is the best ecological suitable area for the potatoes in China. As potatoes are processed into starch or starch products, a by-product is produced which comprises mainly water, cell debris and residual starch granules. The fresh potato residue has a water content as high as 90%, and is not suitable for storage and transportation. However, it cannot be directly used as a feed animal because of its low protein content, high crude fiber content, and poor palatability. Due to the large yield and the centralized production season, a large amount of potato residues are accumulated, and if the potato residues are not treated in time, the potato residues occupy the field and are easy to decay to generate stink, thereby causing environmental pollution.
At present, the treatment method of the potato pulp mainly comprises the following steps: (1) Adding protein and other nutrient components into potato residue as animal feed; (2) preparing pectin or a pectin-starch mixture; (3) Conversion to sugarAnd extracting the syrup for color enhancement of potato chips and strips; (4) preparing a culture medium (alcohol) in hydrolysis and fermentation; (5) extracting nutrient components from the mobile phase to be used as fertilizer; (6) Diluting with water as a stabilizer or lubricant in deep well drilling; (7) Production of microorganism B as Yeast Medium 12 (ii) a (8) producing biogas as a microbial growth medium; (9) fermenting the potato residue with aspergillus niger to produce citric acid; (10) Fermenting white rot fungus C12 and white rot fungus D31 to produce dietary fiber; (11) producing xylanase by solid-state fermentation of aspergillus niger; (12) The microorganisms ferment single cell proteins, lactic acid, or degradable materials. The method comprises the steps of dehydrating potato dregs, wherein the method comprises the steps of dehydrating the potato dregs, and the method has the advantages that the particle size of the potato dregs is small, the fluidity is good, so that bound water in the potato dregs is difficult to remove, and the recycling cost of the potato dregs is high. And the resource cost is high when the feed is fermented to be used as animal feed of cattle, sheep and the like; the fermentation technology has high requirement on temperature, and the fermentation speed is slow when the temperature is low, so that fresh potato residues cannot be timely and effectively recycled when a large amount of potato residues are produced.
In summary, the application provides a method for breeding hermetia illucens by efficiently utilizing the organic waste of the potato residues, aiming at solving the problems of resource utilization of the potato residues and breeding of the hermetia illucens in alpine regions.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a high-efficiency hermetia illucens breeding feed and a breeding method thereof.
The invention discloses a high-efficiency breeding feed for hermetia illucens, which is composed of potato residues, hemp residues and straw pieces.
The invention provides a high-efficiency breeding feed for hermetia illucens, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of potato residue, 0-10 parts of hemp residue and 0-30 parts of crushed straw.
Further, the high-efficiency breeding feed for hermetia illucens comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of potato residue, 5-10 parts of hemp residue and 0-15 parts of crushed straw.
Furthermore, the size of the crushed particles of the crushed straws is 0.5-2 mm.
Further, the potato residue is any one of potato residue, sweet potato residue or purple potato residue.
The invention also discloses a method for breeding the hermetia illucens, which utilizes the high-efficiency breeding feed for the hermetia illucens to breed the hermetia illucens and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a breeding feed: mixing potato residue, hemp residue and straw pieces according to a certain weight part, uniformly stirring to prepare formula slurry with the water content of 78-82%, pumping the formula slurry to a storage tank, and periodically refluxing the formula slurry in the storage tank to ensure the uniformity of the formula slurry in the storage tank;
step two, treatment of breeding feed: pumping the breeding feed prepared in the step one to a special breeding box, paving the special breeding box with the thickness of 5-10 cm, spraying special zymophyte agent on the surface of the breeding feed, and spraying 300-500g of bacterial liquid per 100kg of the breeding feed for aerobic fermentation;
step three, inoculating hermetia illucens seedlings: inoculating the 2-3 instar hermetia illucens seedlings into a special culture box paved with culture feed in the second step according to the inoculation amount of inoculating 1-2 kg hermetia illucens seedlings in 100kg feed, and culturing for 8-10 days;
step four, harvesting and screening: when the outside air temperature is above 20 ℃, harvesting and screening the cultured hermetia illucens and the insect sand; when the outside air temperature is below 20 ℃, the heating pipe on the surface of the special breeding container generates heat, so that the temperature on the surface of the breeding container reaches the optimum activity temperature of the black soldier fly, the black soldier fly can be concentrated above the sand of the worm, the fresh black soldier fly is collected from the upper side of the sand of the worm, and the breeding sand and residues automatically fall to a lower conveyer belt and are conveyed to a fermentation device; the fermented mixture is used as a high-quality organic fertilizer, and the hermetia illucens fresh worms enter a collecting device to be used as high-protein animal feed or resource product raw materials.
Further, the equipment for preparing the feed in the first step is a packing auger.
Further, the special zymophyte agent in the second step is composed of the following zymophyte liquid in parts by weight: 20 to 60 portions of candida utilis, 20 to 60 portions of bacillus natto and 20 to 60 portions of aspergillus niger.
Preferably, the special zymophyte agent in the second step is composed of the following zymophyte liquids in parts by weight: 40 parts of candida utilis, 30 parts of bacillus natto and 30 parts of aspergillus niger.
Further, before the special fermentation inoculum is used, the special fermentation inoculum is prepared according to the following steps: the feed liquid ratio of the brown sugar water = 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the cultivation feed consists of potato residue, hemp residue and straw chips in parts by weight; the biological habit of the hermetia illucens is fully considered in the formula, the potato residue is used for providing carbohydrate, and the hemp residue can effectively improve the protein and fat contents in the formula to reach the level of the hermetia illucens suitable for taking; the straw is smashed to enable the material to be relatively fluffy, the air permeability of the material is increased, the water content of the material is adjusted, the feeding efficiency of the hermetia illucens is improved, and the average yield of the hermetia illucens is obviously improved. The main raw material waste potato residues are utilized, so that the waste can be efficiently utilized in the potato residue output peak period, the environmental pollution caused by accumulation is avoided, the potato residue treatment energy consumption is low, dehydration is not needed, and the investment of adding a large amount of auxiliary materials and large-scale equipment is not needed. The method for breeding the hermetia illucens realizes three-dimensional intensive efficient breeding through four steps of breeding feed preparation, breeding feed treatment, inoculating hermetia illucens seedlings, harvesting and screening, and is small in occupied area; meanwhile, the method improves the bioconversion efficiency of the hermetia illucens.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the high-efficiency breeding method of hermetia illucens.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described below clearly and completely in conjunction with the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1. Breeding feed formula optimization scheme
In plateau areas, 9 formula materials (detailed in table 1) are used for breeding hermetia illucens larvae in 8 months (average daily temperature is about 25 ℃) to 1 month (average daily temperature is about-4 ℃) as a breeding period, a special leavening agent is sprayed on the surfaces of breeding feed formula materials in the breeding process, and the yield of hermetia illucens commercial insects is recorded every day. As a result: formula 4 was found to yield the highest yield, with an average yield of about 12kg of hermetia illucens commodity worm being produced with 100kg of formula. Considering that the hemp residue cost is higher, the formula 5 has higher comprehensive benefit; considering the potato residue treatment efficiency, the formula 8 has higher comprehensive benefit.
TABLE 1 influence of the feed formulation on the production of hermetia illucens
2. Fermentation inoculum screening scheme
And (3) screening of microbial inoculum: according to the found literature, the transformation rate of the black soldier fly to the potato residue can be possibly improved by fermenting the potato residue, so that the potato residue is fermented by adopting a plurality of strains (candida utilis, bacillus natto, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum and saccharomyces cerevisiae) respectively, and whether the transformation rate of the black soldier fly feeding fermentation material is improved compared with that of a control (unfermented pulp) is determined.
(1) Raw materials: formula 4 of the feed slurry for breeding; and black soldier fly larvae of 5 days old and 5mg in specification are hatched in the same batch. Fermentation inoculum: candida utilis, bacillus natto, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are all purchased.
(2) Screening of fermentation Process
1) Anaerobic fermentation: after 5kg of formula material and 5g of strains are uniformly premixed, the mixture is uniformly mixed with the rest 95kg of formula material, and then the mixture is placed in a 200L anaerobic fermentation barrel to be fermented for 3 days to prepare the fermentation formula material.
2) Aerobic fermentation: 10kg of brown sugar is put into 20kg of warm water to be stirred and dissolved to prepare brown sugar water, 100g of strains are activated into bacterium liquid by 20kg of brown sugar water, and 300-500g of bacterium liquid is sprayed on the surface of 100kg of formula materials to carry out aerobic fermentation.
(3) Results of the experiment
The experimental results are shown in the table 2, the insect yield of the feed formula under different fermentation methods is:
TABLE 2100kg formulation materials insect yield under different fermentation methods
| Experimental strain | Fermentation process | Hermetia illucens production/kg |
| CK | Self-fermentation in breeding box | 8.01 |
| Candida utilis | Self-fermentation in the cultivation box after 3 days of anaerobic fermentation of the fermentation barrel | 8.85 |
| Candida utilis | Spraying bacteria liquid on the surface to carry out aerobic fermentation | 8.82 |
| Bacillus natto | Spraying bacteria liquid on the surface to carry out aerobic fermentation | 8.96 |
| Aspergillus niger | Spraying bacteria liquid on the surface for aerobic fermentation | 8.54 |
| Bacillus subtilis strain | Spraying bacteria liquid on the surface to carry out aerobic fermentation | 8.03 |
| Lactobacillus plantarum | Self-fermentation in the cultivation box after 3 days of anaerobic fermentation of the fermentation barrel | 7.96 |
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae | The fermentation barrel performs anaerobic fermentation for 3 days and then self-fermentation is performed in the cultivation box | 8.20 |
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae | Spraying bacteria liquid on the surface to carry out aerobic fermentation | 8.05 |
(4) Conclusion
Comprehensive analysis, and aerobic fermentation of the formula material by using candida utilis, bacillus natto and aspergillus niger can improve the insect yield of the formula material. The aerobic fermentation of the invention utilizes the heat generated in the breeding process of the hermetia illucens, no additional fermentation equipment is needed, the operation is simple, and the formula materials can be produced daily and clear.
3. Fermentation inoculant formula optimization scheme
Bacteria usually act on the preliminary humification of organic matters, part of fibers are decomposed into soluble sugar, the fungi and the yeasts further catalyze enzymolysis, and the deep fermentation finally leads macromolecular organic matters to be cracked into absorbable nutrient substances. According to the idea, the candida utilis, the bacillus natto and the aspergillus niger are compounded to obtain the strain combination suitable for fermentation of the potato residue formula.
(1) Raw materials: formula 4 of the feed slurry for breeding; and black soldier fly larvae of 5 days old and 5mg in specification are hatched in the same batch. The zymophyte agent is activated bacterium liquid of candida utilis, bacillus natto and aspergillus niger.
(2) The fermentation method comprises the following steps: 100g of the strains are activated into bacteria liquid by 20kg of brown sugar water, and 500g of the bacteria liquid is sprayed on the surface of 100kg of formula materials for aerobic fermentation.
(3) Results of the experiment
The experimental results are shown in the table 3, the insect yield of 100kg formula materials under different fermentation inoculant formulas is:
TABLE 3 insect yield of 100kg formulation under different fermentation inoculum formulations
| Experimental strains | Hermetia illucens production/kg |
| Self fermentation | 7.96 |
| 20g of Candida utilis, 20g of Bacillus natto and 60g of Aspergillus niger | 9.36 |
| 20g of Candida utilis, 60g of Bacillus natto and 20g of Aspergillus niger | 9.42 |
| 60g of Candida utilis, 20g of Bacillus natto and 20g of Aspergillus niger | 9.98 |
| 30g of Candida utilis, 30g of Bacillus natto and 40g of Aspergillus niger | 10.84 |
| 30gCandida utilis, 40g of Bacillus natto and 30g of Aspergillus niger | 10.24 |
| 40g of Candida utilis, 30g of Bacillus natto and 30g of Aspergillus niger | 11.77 |
(4) Conclusion
The combination of 40g of candida utilis, 30g of bacillus natto and 30g of aspergillus niger is beneficial to the fermentation of formula materials so as to be suitable for black soldier flies to eat. It was found that the crude protein content of the fermentation formula was significantly increased after fermentation with the strain (see table 4 for details).
TABLE 4 conventional Nutrition test report
| Item | Unit of | Fresh potato dregs | Fresh formula material | Aerobic fermentation 3-day formula material |
| Moisture content | g/100g | 81.5 | 79.9 | 80.02 |
| Ash content | g/100g | 0.34 | 0.76 | 0.8 |
| Crude protein | g/100g | 0.01 | 0.1 | 0.4 |
| Crude fat | g/100g | 1.09 | 2.7 | 3.5 |
| Coarse fiber | g/100g | 1.9 | 4.3 | 4.1 |
| Sodium salt | mg/100g | 5.57 | 10.9 | 16.8 |
| Carbohydrate compound | g/100g | 15.2 | 14.7 | 14.8 |
| (Energy) | KJ | 277 | 300 | 326 |
4. Fermentation inoculum dosage optimization scheme
The dosage of the microbial inoculum is optimized in consideration of the cost of the microbial inoculum.
(1) Raw materials: formula 4 is breeding feed slurry; and black soldier fly larvae of 5 days old and 5mg in specification are hatched in the same batch. The zymophyte agent is activated bacterium liquid of candida utilis, bacillus natto and aspergillus niger.
(2) The fermentation method comprises the following steps: 100g of strains are activated into bacterial liquid by 20kg of brown sugar water, and 100g, 300g, 500g, 700g and 900g of bacterial liquid are respectively sprayed on the surface of 100kg of formula materials for aerobic fermentation.
(3) Results of the experiment
The experimental results are shown in table 5, the influence of different fermentation inoculum dosages on the yield of the hermetia illucens is as follows:
TABLE 5 influence of different fermentation inoculum dosages on the black soldier fly yield
(4) Conclusion
300-500g of fermentation inoculum is sprayed on every 100kg of formula materials, which is beneficial to the fermentation of the formula materials.
Example 2
The high-efficiency breeding feed for the hermetia illucens comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80g of potato residues, 10g of hemp residues and 10g of crushed straw, wherein the particle size of the crushed straw is 0.5-2 mm.
The method for breeding the hermetia illucens by using the high-efficiency hermetia illucens breeding feed specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing a breeding feed: mixing the potato residue, the hemp residue and the straw pieces in the feeding amount of the auger according to the weight parts, then lifting the mixed raw materials into a stirring tank to be uniformly stirred to prepare a formula slurry with the water content of 78-82%, then pumping the formula slurry to a storage tank, and periodically refluxing the formula slurry in the storage tank to ensure the uniformity of the formula slurry in the storage tank;
step two, treatment of breeding feed: pumping the breeding feed prepared in the first step to a special breeding box, paving the special breeding box with the thickness of 5-10 cm, and spraying a special fermentation bacterium agent on the surface of the special breeding box, wherein the special fermentation bacterium agent consists of the following fermentation bacterium liquids in parts by weight: 40g of candida utilis, 30g of bacillus natto and 30g of aspergillus niger; before the special fermentation inoculum is used, the special fermentation inoculum is prepared by the following steps: the feed liquid ratio of the brown sugar water = 1;
step three, inoculating hermetia illucens seedlings: inoculating the 2-3 instar hermetia illucens seedlings into a special culture box paved with culture feed in the second step according to the inoculation amount of inoculating 1-2 kg hermetia illucens seedlings in 100kg feed, and culturing for 8-10 days;
step four, harvesting, screening: when the outside air temperature is above 20 ℃, harvesting and screening the cultured hermetia illucens and the insect sand; when the outside air temperature is below 20 ℃, the heating pipe on the surface of the special breeding container generates heat, so that the temperature on the surface of the breeding container reaches the optimum activity temperature of the hermetia illucens, the hermetia illucens can be concentrated above the insect sand, the hermetia illucens fresh insects are collected from the upper part of the insect sand, and the breeding insect sand and residues automatically fall to a lower conveyer belt to be conveyed to a fermentation device; the fermented mixture is used as a high-quality organic fertilizer, and the hermetia illucens fresh worms enter a collecting device to be used as high-protein animal feed or resource product raw materials.
Example 3
The high-efficiency breeding feed for the hermetia illucens comprises the following components in parts by weight: potato residue, 70g, hemp residue 10g and straw pieces 20g, wherein the particle size of the straw pieces is 0.5-2 mm.
The method for breeding the hermetia illucens by using the high-efficiency breeding feed for the hermetia illucens specifically comprises the following steps of:
firstly, preparing a breeding feed: mixing the potato residue, the hemp residue and the straw pieces in the feeding amount of the auger according to the weight parts, then lifting the mixed raw materials into a stirring tank to be uniformly stirred to prepare a formula slurry with the water content of 78-82%, then pumping the formula slurry to a storage tank, and periodically refluxing the formula slurry in the storage tank to ensure the uniformity of the formula slurry in the storage tank;
step two, treatment of breeding feed: pumping the culture feed prepared in the first step to a special culture box, paving the special culture box with the thickness of 7cm, and spraying a special zymophyte agent on the surface of the special culture box, wherein the special zymophyte agent consists of the following zymophyte liquid in parts by weight: 30g of candida utilis, 40g of bacillus natto and 30g of aspergillus niger; before the special fermentation inoculum is used, the special fermentation inoculum is prepared by the following steps: the feed liquid ratio of the brown sugar water = 1;
step three, inoculating the hermetia illucens seedlings: inoculating the 2-3 instar hermetia illucens seedlings into a special culture box paved with culture feed in the second step according to the inoculation amount of inoculating 1-2 kg hermetia illucens seedlings in 100kg feed, and culturing for 8-10 days;
step four, harvesting and screening: when the outside temperature is above 20 ℃, harvesting and screening the cultured hermetia illucens and the insect sand; when the outside air temperature is below 20 ℃, the heating pipe on the surface of the special breeding container generates heat, so that the temperature on the surface of the breeding container reaches the optimum activity temperature of the hermetia illucens, the hermetia illucens can be concentrated above the insect sand, the hermetia illucens fresh insects are collected from the upper part of the insect sand, and the breeding insect sand and residues automatically fall to a lower conveyer belt to be conveyed to a fermentation device; after fermentation, the fermented product is used as a high-quality organic fertilizer, and the hermetia illucens fresh worms enter a collecting device to be used as a high-protein animal feed or a resource product raw material.
Example 4
The high-efficiency breeding feed for the hermetia illucens comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80g of potato residue, 5g of hemp residue and 15g of crushed straw, wherein the particle size of the crushed straw is 0.5-2 mm.
The method for breeding the hermetia illucens by using the high-efficiency breeding feed for the hermetia illucens specifically comprises the following steps of:
firstly, preparing a breeding feed: mixing the potato residue, the hemp residue and the straw in the feeding amount of the auger according to the weight parts, then lifting the mixed raw materials into a stirring tank to be uniformly stirred to prepare a formula slurry with the water content of 78-82%, then pumping the formula slurry into a storage tank, and periodically refluxing the formula slurry in the storage tank to ensure the uniformity of the formula slurry in the storage tank;
step two, treatment of breeding feed: pumping the breeding feed prepared in the first step to a special breeding box, paving the special fermentation bacterium agent with the thickness of 8cm, and spraying the special fermentation bacterium agent on the surface, wherein the special fermentation bacterium agent consists of the following fermentation bacterium liquids in parts by weight: 20g of candida utilis, 20g of bacillus natto and 60g of aspergillus niger; before the special fermentation inoculum is used, the special fermentation inoculum is prepared by the following steps: the feed liquid ratio of the brown sugar water = 1;
step three, inoculating hermetia illucens seedlings: inoculating the 2-3 instar hermetia illucens seedlings into a special culture box paved with culture feed in the second step according to the inoculation amount of inoculating 1-2 kg hermetia illucens seedlings in 100kg feed, and culturing for 8-10 days;
step four, harvesting and screening: when the outside temperature is above 20 ℃, harvesting and screening the cultured hermetia illucens and the insect sand; when the outside air temperature is below 20 ℃, the heating pipe on the surface of the special breeding container generates heat, so that the temperature on the surface of the breeding container reaches the optimum activity temperature of the hermetia illucens, the hermetia illucens can be concentrated above the insect sand, the hermetia illucens fresh insects are collected from the upper part of the insect sand, and the breeding insect sand and residues automatically fall to a lower conveyer belt to be conveyed to a fermentation device; after fermentation, the fermented product is used as a high-quality organic fertilizer, and the hermetia illucens fresh worms enter a collecting device to be used as a high-protein animal feed or a resource product raw material.
Example 5
The high-efficiency breeding feed for the hermetia illucens comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90g of potato residues, 5g of hemp residues and 5g of crushed straws, wherein the particle size of the crushed straws is 0.5-2 mm.
The method for breeding the hermetia illucens by using the high-efficiency breeding feed for the hermetia illucens specifically comprises the following steps of:
step one, preparing a breeding feed: mixing the potato residue, the hemp residue and the straw pieces in the feeding amount of the auger according to the weight parts, then lifting the mixed raw materials into a stirring tank to be uniformly stirred to prepare a formula slurry with the water content of 78-82%, then pumping the formula slurry to a storage tank, and periodically refluxing the formula slurry in the storage tank to ensure the uniformity of the formula slurry in the storage tank;
step two, treatment of breeding feed: pumping the breeding feed prepared in the first step to a special breeding box, paving the special fermentation bacterium agent with the thickness of 9cm, and spraying the special fermentation bacterium agent on the surface, wherein the special fermentation bacterium agent consists of the following fermentation bacterium liquids in parts by weight: 60g of candida utilis, 20g of bacillus natto and 20g of aspergillus niger; before the special fermentation inoculum is used, the special fermentation inoculum is prepared by the following steps: the feed liquid ratio of the brown sugar water = 1;
step three, inoculating the hermetia illucens seedlings: inoculating the 2-3 instar hermetia illucens seedlings into a special culture box paved with culture feed in the second step according to the inoculation amount of inoculating 1-2 kg hermetia illucens seedlings in 100kg feed, and culturing for 8-10 days;
step four, harvesting and screening: when the outside air temperature is above 20 ℃, harvesting and screening the cultured hermetia illucens and the insect sand; when the outside air temperature is below 20 ℃, the heating pipe on the surface of the special breeding container generates heat, so that the temperature on the surface of the breeding container reaches the optimum activity temperature of the hermetia illucens, the hermetia illucens can be concentrated above the insect sand, the hermetia illucens fresh insects are collected from the upper part of the insect sand, and the breeding insect sand and residues automatically fall to a lower conveyer belt to be conveyed to a fermentation device; after fermentation, the fermented product is used as a high-quality organic fertilizer, and the hermetia illucens fresh worms enter a collecting device to be used as a high-protein animal feed or a resource product raw material.
Example 6
The high-efficiency breeding feed for the hermetia illucens comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90g of sweet potato residues, 0g of hemp residues and 10g of crushed straws, wherein the particle size of the crushed straws is 0.5-2 mm.
The method for breeding the hermetia illucens by using the high-efficiency breeding feed for the hermetia illucens specifically comprises the following steps of:
firstly, preparing a breeding feed: mixing the potato residue, the hemp residue and the straw pieces in the feeding amount of the auger according to the weight parts, then lifting the mixed raw materials into a stirring tank to be uniformly stirred to prepare a formula slurry with the water content of 78-82%, then pumping the formula slurry to a storage tank, and periodically refluxing the formula slurry in the storage tank to ensure the uniformity of the formula slurry in the storage tank;
step two, treatment of breeding feed: pumping the culture feed prepared in the first step to a special culture box, paving the special culture box with the thickness of 10cm, and spraying a special zymophyte agent on the surface of the special culture box, wherein the special zymophyte agent consists of the following zymophyte liquid in parts by weight: 30g of candida utilis, 40g of bacillus natto and 30g of aspergillus niger; before the special fermentation inoculum is used, the special fermentation inoculum is prepared by the following steps: the feed liquid ratio of the brown sugar water = 1;
step three, inoculating the hermetia illucens seedlings: inoculating the 2-3 instar hermetia illucens seedlings into a special culture box paved with culture feed in the second step according to the inoculation amount of inoculating 1-2 kg hermetia illucens seedlings in 100kg feed, and culturing for 8-10 days;
step four, harvesting and screening: when the outside air temperature is above 20 ℃, harvesting and screening the cultured hermetia illucens and the insect sand; when the outside air temperature is below 20 ℃, the heating pipe on the surface of the special breeding container generates heat, so that the temperature on the surface of the breeding container reaches the optimum activity temperature of the hermetia illucens, the hermetia illucens can be concentrated above the insect sand, the hermetia illucens fresh insects are collected from the upper part of the insect sand, and the breeding insect sand and residues automatically fall to a lower conveyer belt to be conveyed to a fermentation device; after fermentation, the fermented product is used as a high-quality organic fertilizer, and the hermetia illucens fresh worms enter a collecting device to be used as a high-protein animal feed or a resource product raw material.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The feed for the efficient breeding of the hermetia illucens is characterized in that the formula materials of the feed for the efficient breeding of the hermetia illucens comprise the following components in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of potato residue, 5-10 parts of hemp residue and 0-15 parts of crushed straw; spraying a special zymophyte agent on the surface of the formula material, and spraying 300-700 g of bacterial liquid per 100kg of the formula material for aerobic fermentation; the special zymophyte agent consists of zymophyte liquid with the following weight portions: 20 to 60 portions of candida utilis, 20 to 60 portions of bacillus natto and 20 to 60 portions of aspergillus niger.
2. The high-efficiency hermetia illucens breeding feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the size of the crushed straw is 0.5-2 mm.
3. The high-efficiency hermetia illucens breeding feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the potato residue is any one of potato residue, sweet potato residue or purple potato residue.
4. The method for breeding the hermetia illucens with the high-efficiency hermetia illucens breeding feed according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, preparing a breeding feed: mixing potato residue, hemp residue and straw pieces according to a certain weight part, uniformly stirring to prepare formula slurry with the water content of 78-82%, pumping the formula slurry to a storage tank, and periodically refluxing the formula slurry in the storage tank to ensure the uniformity of the formula slurry in the storage tank;
step two, treatment of breeding feed: pumping the formula slurry prepared in the step one to a special culture box, paving the special culture box with the thickness of 5-10 cm, spraying a special zymophyte agent on the surface of the special culture box, and spraying 300-700 g of bacterial liquid per 100kg of formula material for aerobic fermentation; the special zymophyte agent consists of zymophyte liquid with the following weight portions: 20-60 parts of candida utilis, 20-60 parts of bacillus natto and 20-60 parts of aspergillus niger; before the special fermentation inoculum is used, the special fermentation inoculum is prepared by the following steps: the ratio of the feed liquid to the brown sugar liquid = 1;
step three, inoculating the hermetia illucens seedlings: inoculating the 2-3 instar hermetia illucens seedlings into a special culture box paved with formula slurry in the second step according to the inoculation amount of inoculating 1-2 kg hermetia illucens seedlings in 100kg of feed, and culturing for 8-10 days;
step four, harvesting and screening: when the outside air temperature is above 20 ℃, harvesting and screening the cultured hermetia illucens and the insect sand; when the outside air temperature is below 20 ℃, the heating pipe on the surface of the special breeding container generates heat, so that the temperature on the surface of the breeding container reaches the optimum activity temperature of the black soldier fly, the black soldier fly can be concentrated above the sand of the worm, the fresh black soldier fly is collected from the upper side of the sand of the worm, and the breeding sand and residues automatically fall to a lower conveyer belt and are conveyed to a fermentation device; after fermentation, the fermented product is used as a high-quality organic fertilizer, and the hermetia illucens fresh worms enter a collecting device to be used as a high-protein animal feed or a resource product raw material.
5. The method for breeding hermetia illucens according to claim 4, wherein the equipment for preparing the feed in the first step is an auger and a stirrer.
6. The method for breeding the hermetia illucens according to claim 4, wherein the special zymophyte agent in the second step consists of zymophyte liquids in the following weight parts: 40 parts of candida utilis, 30 parts of bacillus natto and 30 parts of aspergillus niger.
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