CN117179197B - Feed for larvae of black soldier fly of 5 th age and preparation method of feed - Google Patents
Feed for larvae of black soldier fly of 5 th age and preparation method of feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN117179197B CN117179197B CN202311267485.6A CN202311267485A CN117179197B CN 117179197 B CN117179197 B CN 117179197B CN 202311267485 A CN202311267485 A CN 202311267485A CN 117179197 B CN117179197 B CN 117179197B
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- 241000709785 Hermetia illucens Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 181
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 241000219823 Medicago Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000000529 probiotic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000021552 granulated sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 34
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001481656 Stratiomyidae Species 0.000 description 13
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010004716 Binge eating Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032841 Bulimia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010868 animal carcass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014679 binge eating disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a black soldier fly 5 th-age larva feed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the feed comprises kitchen waste slurry, fish meal, corn meal, alfalfa meal, wheat bran and probiotics liquid, the mass percentage of the probiotics liquid is 0.5% -1%, and the probiotics liquid contains bacillus subtilis bacteria liquid. The feed for the black soldier fly larvae of the 5 th age is prepared from kitchen waste as a main base material and fish meal, corn flour, alfalfa meal and wheat bran as auxiliary materials, so that balance of nutrient elements is realized, comprehensive nutrition supplement can be provided for the black soldier fly larvae, and good growth of the black soldier fly larvae in the 5 th age is ensured; the feed is added with the probiotic bacteria liquid prepared by the EM composite bacteria liquid and the bacillus subtilis bacteria liquid, and crude proteins, crude fats and crude fibers in the raw materials can be decomposed into micromolecular nutrients which can be effectively absorbed by the black soldier fly larvae through fermentation and decomposition of the probiotics, so that the nutritional requirements of the black soldier fly larvae are effectively met, and the growth of the black soldier fly larvae is promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hermetia illucens cultivation, in particular to a feed for 5 th-instar larvae of hermetia illucens and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The hermetia illucens of the family of the diptera, commonly known as hermetia illucens, is an important environment-friendly resource insect, is distributed in tropical and temperate regions, and the larvae eat livestock manure, animal carcasses and kitchen waste, have the functions of deodorizing and inhibiting the breeding of pathogenic microorganisms such as escherichia coli, and are an important link of a food chain in the nature.
Kitchen waste is household waste formed by people in daily life, and the total amount of the kitchen waste accounts for about 40% of urban waste; kitchen waste is easy to rot and deteriorate, bacteria and viruses are bred, malodorous smell is emitted, the living environment of the public can be seriously influenced, and the health and safety of the public are endangered. The kitchen waste mainly comprises food residues such as rice, flour, vegetables, animal and vegetable oil, meat, bones and the like, contains rich starch, cellulose, protein, lipid and inorganic salt, is the best means for treating the kitchen waste, and has wide application prospect.
The life of the hermetia illucens is subjected to four stages, namely: eggs, larvae, pupae, adults, normally the hermetia illucens larva stage is divided into six stages, and the larva color of 1-2 stages of hermetia illucens is milky white, also called white worm. The white insects eat more actively, once the black soldier flies reach 3-5 years old, the black soldier flies become black and enter a binge eating stage, and the black soldier flies at the moment are called black insects.
The growth condition of the adult black soldier flies at the 5 th age determines the quality of the black soldier fly pupas, and the quality of the black soldier fly pupas determines the size of the adult black soldier flies and the size of the spawning amount, so that the growth condition of the adult black soldier flies at the 5 th age is important.
At present, when the black soldier flies grow to the 5 th larva stage, the black soldier flies are fed by directly using kitchen waste, and as the nutritional ingredients of the kitchen waste are unstable and the nutritional ingredients are incomplete, the black soldier flies are easy to develop and unstable when the black soldier flies are fed by directly using the kitchen waste, the black soldier flies enter the pre-pupa stage and the pupa stage in different sizes, and the black soldier flies are caused to become different in emergence, so that the quality of the adult is uneven, and the economic value of the final black soldier flies is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a feed for larvae of the 5 th age of hermetia illucens and a preparation method thereof.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme: the feed for the larvae of the 5 th age of the hermetia illucens comprises kitchen waste slurry, fish meal, corn meal, alfalfa meal, wheat bran and probiotic bacteria liquid, wherein the mass percentage of the probiotic bacteria liquid is 0.5% -1%, and the probiotic bacteria liquid contains bacillus subtilis bacteria liquid.
Preferably, the probiotic bacterial liquid further comprises an EM composite bacterial liquid, and the mass ratio of the EM composite bacterial liquid to the bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid is 1:1.
preferably, the kitchen waste slurry comprises 70-80% by mass of fish meal 6-12% by mass of corn meal 5-10% by mass of alfalfa meal 3-8% by mass of wheat bran 6-10% by mass.
Preferably, the fineness of the fish meal, the corn meal and the alfalfa meal is 60-80 meshes, the fineness of the wheat bran is 30 meshes, and the fineness of the kitchen waste slurry is 1mm or less.
Preferably, the water content of the feed for the larvae of the 5 th age of hermetia illucens is 60-70%.
A preparation method of a black soldier fly 5 th-instar larva feed comprises the following specific steps:
step 1), culturing an EM composite bacterial liquid and a bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid, and preparing a probiotic bacterial liquid by the EM composite bacterial liquid and the bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid according to a mass ratio of 1:1; weighing kitchen waste slurry, fish meal, corn meal, alfalfa powder and probiotics liquid according to the mass ratio, and uniformly mixing the kitchen waste slurry, the fish meal, the corn meal, the alfalfa powder and the probiotics liquid to obtain a mixture;
and 2) fermenting the obtained mixture to obtain the black soldier fly 5 th-age larva feed.
Preferably, in step 1), the method for culturing the EM complex bacterial liquid is as follows:
weighing 100 g of EM composite fungus powder, 100 g of brown granulated sugar and 3 kg of water; dissolving brown granulated sugar in water, adding EM composite fungus powder and fungus powder into the water, uniformly stirring, and placing the fungus solution in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for culturing for 7 days; the temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 60%;
the method for culturing the EM composite bacterial liquid comprises the following steps: weighing 100 g of bacillus subtilis powder, 100 g of brown granulated sugar and 3 kg of water; firstly dissolving brown granulated sugar in water, then adding bacillus subtilis powder, uniformly stirring, and placing the bacterial liquid in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for culturing for 7 days; the temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator was 25℃and the humidity was 60%.
Preferably, the raw materials are mixed and fermented by a mixing fermentation device; the material mixing and fermenting equipment comprises a material mixing tank and a fermenting tank, wherein a rotating shaft is arranged in the material mixing tank, and a rotary driving mechanism for driving the rotating shaft to rotate is arranged on the material mixing tank; the lower end of the rotating shaft is provided with a stirring rod, a first liquid channel is arranged in the rotating shaft, and a second liquid channel communicated with the first liquid channel is arranged in the stirring rod; the upper end of the stirring rod is provided with a fungus liquid hopper which is communicated with the first liquid channel; the upper end of the mixing tank is provided with a feed inlet;
the fermentation tank is horizontally arranged, the lower end of the mixing tank is connected with one end of the fermentation tank through a transition material pipe, and the other end of the fermentation tank is provided with a discharge hole; a rotary joint is arranged between the transition material pipe and the fermentation tank; a discharge valve is arranged on the transition material pipe; an air inlet pipe is arranged on the transition material pipe and is connected with a blower;
the fermentation tank is arranged on the supporting wheels, the supporting wheels are positioned on two sides below the fermentation tank, one supporting wheel is connected with the rotary power device, the supporting wheels are driven to rotate through the rotary power device, and the fermentation tank is driven to rotate when the supporting wheels rotate; the inner wall of the fermentation tank is provided with a spiral pushing plate.
Preferably, a temperature sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the fermentation tank.
Preferably, the rotating shaft is provided with a liquid passing cylinder, the liquid passing cylinder is positioned on the first liquid channel, a piston is arranged in the liquid passing cylinder, a piston cavity is formed between the piston and one end of the liquid passing cylinder, and a spring is arranged in the piston cavity; a push rod is arranged on the piston, and one end of the push rod extends out of the liquid passing cylinder; one end of the push rod far away from the piston is rotationally connected with a roller; a first one-way valve corresponding to the first liquid channel is arranged on one side of the liquid passing cylinder, which is close to the fungus liquid hopper, and a second one-way valve corresponding to the first liquid channel is arranged on the other side of the liquid passing cylinder;
the mixing cylinder is provided with an adjusting wheel corresponding to the roller, the adjusting wheel is connected with a fixed shaft in a rotating way, and the fixed shaft is arranged on the sliding seat; a guide rail is fixedly arranged on the mixing cylinder and is arranged along the radial direction of the rotating shaft; the sliding seat is connected to the guide rail in a sliding way; the mixing cylinder is also provided with a translation driving device for driving the sliding seat to move;
the translation driving device drives the adjusting wheel to move; in the rotating process of the rotating shaft, the piston is driven to move in the liquid passing cylinder through the contact between the roller and the regulating wheel; when the volume of the piston cavity is increased, the liquid in the first liquid channel is sucked into the piston cavity, and at the moment, the first one-way valve is in a conducting state, and the second one-way valve is in a cutting-off state; when the volume of the piston cavity is reduced, liquid in the piston cavity is discharged into the first liquid channel, and at the moment, the first one-way valve is in a cut-off state, and the second one-way valve is in a conduction state.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the black soldier fly 5 th-age larva feed takes kitchen waste as a main base material, so that the resource utilization of waste is realized, and the cultivation cost is saved; the fish meal, corn flour, alfalfa meal and wheat bran are used as auxiliary materials, so that balance of nutrient elements is realized, comprehensive nutrition supplement can be provided for the hermetia illucens larvae, and good growth of the hermetia illucens larvae in the 5 th age is ensured. The feed is added with the probiotic bacteria liquid prepared by the EM composite bacteria liquid and the bacillus subtilis bacteria liquid, and is used for fermenting the raw materials, crude proteins, crude fat and crude fiber in the raw materials can be decomposed into micromolecular nutrients which can be effectively absorbed by the black soldier fly larvae through fermentation and decomposition of the probiotics, so that the nutrition requirement of the black soldier fly larvae is effectively met, the growth of the black soldier fly larvae is promoted, the survival rate of the black soldier fly larvae is improved, the development of the larvae is unstable, the size of the larvae is uniform, the eclosion of the black soldier fly adults is facilitated, the stability of the quality of the black soldier fly adults is ensured, and the economic value of the black soldier fly adults is improved; and as the probiotic bacteria liquid is added into the feed, the EM composite bacteria and the bacillus subtilis take the dominant role in the fermentation process, and the growth of other miscellaneous bacteria is inhibited, so that the odor generated by the kitchen waste slurry in the feed is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mixed material fermentation device.
FIG. 2 is a view of the fermenter P in FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a mixing tank, 2, a rotating shaft, 3, a first liquid channel, 4, a stirring rod, 5, a second liquid channel, 6, a feed inlet, 7, a first belt pulley, 8, a second belt pulley, 9, a motor, 10, a belt, 11, a fungus liquid bucket, 12, a transition material pipe, 13, a discharge control valve, 14, a fermentation tank, 15, an insulating layer, 16, a spiral pushing plate, 17, a supporting wheel, 18, a temperature sensor, 19, a discharge port, 20, a rotating joint, 21, an air inlet pipe, 22, a blower, 24, a liquid passing cylinder, 25, a piston, 26, a piston cavity, 27, a spring, 28, a push rod, 29, a roller, 30, a limiting retainer ring, 31, a first one-way valve, 32, a second one-way valve, 33, a guide rail, 34, a sliding seat, 35, a fixed shaft, 36, a regulating wheel, 37 and a translation driving device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention, fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc. refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, which is merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
It will be understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as referring to "at least one" or "one or more," i.e., in one embodiment, the number of elements may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of elements may be plural, and the term "a" should not be interpreted as limiting the number.
The feed for the larvae of the 5 th age of the hermetia illucens comprises kitchen waste slurry, fish meal, corn meal, alfalfa meal, wheat bran and probiotic bacteria liquid, wherein the mass percentage of the probiotic bacteria liquid is 0.5% -1%, and the probiotic bacteria liquid contains bacillus subtilis bacteria liquid.
Specifically, the probiotic bacterial liquid is formed by mixing an EM composite bacterial liquid and a bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the EM composite bacterial liquid to the bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid is 1:1. the concentration of the probiotics bacterial liquid is 1X 105-1X 108CFU/ml.
The kitchen waste slurry comprises 70-80% by mass of fish meal 6-12% by mass of corn meal 5-10% by mass of alfalfa meal 3-8% by mass of wheat bran 6-10% by mass.
The fineness of the fish meal, corn meal and alfalfa meal is 60-80 meshes, the fineness of the wheat bran is 30 meshes, and the fineness of the kitchen waste slurry is 1mm or less. The water content of the feed for the larvae of the 5 th age of the hermetia illucens is 60-70%.
The preparation method of the hermetia illucens 5 th-instar larva feed comprises the following steps:
step 1), culturing an EM composite bacterial liquid and a bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid, and preparing a probiotic bacterial liquid by the EM composite bacterial liquid and the bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid according to a mass ratio of 1:1;
weighing kitchen waste slurry, fish meal, corn meal, alfalfa powder and probiotics liquid according to the mass ratio, and uniformly mixing the kitchen waste slurry, the fish meal, the corn meal, the alfalfa powder and the probiotics liquid to obtain the mixture.
In the step, the method for culturing the EM composite bacterial liquid comprises the following steps:
weighing 100 g of EM composite fungus powder, 100 g of brown granulated sugar and 3 kg of water; dissolving brown granulated sugar in water, adding EM composite fungus powder and fungus powder into the water, uniformly stirring, and placing the fungus solution in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for culturing for 7 days; the temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 60%;
the method for culturing the EM composite bacterial liquid comprises the following steps: weighing 100 g of bacillus subtilis powder, 100 g of brown granulated sugar and 3 kg of water; firstly dissolving brown granulated sugar in water, then adding bacillus subtilis powder, uniformly stirring, and placing the bacterial liquid in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for culturing for 7 days; the temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator was 25℃and the humidity was 60%.
And 2) fermenting the obtained mixture to obtain the black soldier fly 5 th-age larva feed.
In the invention, the raw materials are mixed and fermented by a mixing fermentation device. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the mixing and fermenting device comprises a mixing tank 1 and a fermentation tank 14, wherein a rotating shaft is arranged in the mixing tank 1, the upper end of the rotating shaft is higher than the upper end of the mixing tank 1, a rotary driving mechanism for driving the rotating shaft to rotate is arranged on the mixing tank 1, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate through the rotary driving mechanism.
The rotary driving mechanism comprises a first belt pulley 7 arranged on a rotating shaft and a motor 9 arranged on the mixing drum, a second belt pulley 8 corresponding to the first belt pulley 7 is arranged on an output shaft of the motor 9, and a belt 10 is connected between the first belt pulley 7 and the second belt pulley 8.
The lower extreme of pivot is equipped with stirring rod 4, is equipped with first liquid channel 3 in the pivot, is equipped with in the stirring rod 4 with the second liquid channel 5 of first liquid channel 3 intercommunication. The upper end of the stirring rod 4 is provided with a bacterial liquid hopper 11, and the bacterial liquid hopper 11 is used for containing prepared probiotic bacterial liquid. The bacteria liquid hopper 11 is communicated with the first liquid channel 3. The upper end of the mixing tank 1 is provided with a feed inlet 6.
The fermentation tank 14 is horizontally arranged, and an insulating layer 15 is arranged on the outer side of the fermentation tank 14. The lower end of the mixing tank 1 is connected with one end of the fermentation tank 14 through a transition material pipe 12, and the other end of the fermentation tank 14 is provided with a discharge hole 19. A rotary joint 20 is arranged between the transition material pipe 12 and the fermentation tank 14, the rotary joint 20 is positioned at the center of one end of the fermentation tank 14, and the rotary joint 20 enables the fermentation tank 14 to rotate relative to the transition material pipe 12. A discharge valve is arranged on the transition material pipe 12.
The fermentation cylinder 14 sets up on supporting wheel 17, and supporting wheel 17 is located the both sides of fermentation cylinder 14 below, and the supporting wheel 17 of one of them side links to each other with rotary power device, and rotary power device is gear motor 9, and supporting wheel 17 links to each other with gear motor 9's output shaft, and the rotation of supporting wheel 17 is driven through rotary power device, drives fermentation cylinder 14 rotation when supporting wheel 17 is rotatory.
A spiral pushing plate 16 is arranged on the inner wall of the fermentation tank 14. The spiral pusher plate 16 is spirally disposed along the length of the fermenter 14. In the rotating process of the fermentation tank 14, the spiral pushing plate 16 can play a role in auxiliary stirring, and can push the mixture to move towards the direction of the discharge hole 19, so that the material is conveniently discharged.
An air inlet pipe 21 is arranged on the transition material pipe 12, and the air inlet pipe 21 is connected with a blower 22. Since the EM complex bacteria and the bacillus subtilis are aerobic bacteria, oxygen is required in the fermentation process, the blower 22 serves to deliver oxygen into the fermenter 14, so that the fermentation process is smoothly performed.
The inner wall of the fermentation tank 14 is provided with a temperature sensor 18, and the temperature sensor 18 is used for monitoring the temperature in the fermentation process. The temperature sensor 18 is a wireless temperature sensor 18.
Further, a liquid passing cylinder 24 is arranged on the rotating shaft, the liquid passing cylinder 24 is positioned on the first liquid channel 3, a piston 25 is arranged in the liquid passing cylinder 24, a piston cavity 26 is formed between the piston 25 and one end of the liquid passing cylinder 24, a spring 27 is arranged in the piston cavity 26, and two ends of the spring 27 are respectively contacted with the piston 25 and the liquid passing cylinder 24. The piston 25 is provided with a push rod 28, and one end of the push rod 28 extends out of the liquid passing cylinder 24. One end of the liquid passing cylinder 24 is provided with a limiting check ring 30 for limiting the piston 25. The function of the stop collar 30 is to hold the piston 25 out of the cartridge 24.
The end of the push rod 28 far away from the piston 25 is rotatably connected with a roller 29; the first one-way valve 31 corresponding to the first liquid channel 3 is arranged on one side of the liquid passing barrel 24 close to the bacteria liquid bucket 11, and the second one-way valve 32 corresponding to the first liquid channel 3 is arranged on the other side of the liquid passing barrel 24.
The mixing cylinder is provided with an adjusting wheel 36 corresponding to the roller 29, the adjusting wheel 36 is rotatably connected with a fixed shaft 35, and the fixed shaft 35 is arranged on the sliding seat 34. A guide rail 33 is fixedly arranged on the mixing cylinder, and the guide rail 33 is arranged along the radial direction of the rotating shaft; the slide seat 34 is slidably coupled to the guide rail 33. The mixing cylinder is also provided with a translation driving device 37 for driving the sliding seat 34 to move. In the invention, the translation driving device 37 is an electric push rod 28, the shell of the electric push rod 28 is fixed on the mixing cylinder, and a telescopic rod on the electric push rod 28 is connected with the sliding seat 34.
The adjusting wheel 36 is driven to move by a translation driving device 37; in the rotating process of the rotating shaft, the piston 25 is driven to move in the liquid passing cylinder 24 through the contact between the roller 29 and the adjusting wheel 36; when the volume of the piston chamber 26 increases, the liquid in the first liquid passage 3 is sucked into the piston chamber 26, and at this time, the first check valve 31 is in an on state, and the second check valve 32 is in an off state; when the volume of the piston chamber 26 is reduced, the liquid in the piston chamber 26 is discharged into the first liquid passage 3, and at this time, the first check valve 31 is in the off state, and the second check valve 32 is in the on state.
When mixing raw materials by mixing fermentation equipment, firstly, putting weighed kitchen waste slurry, fish meal, corn meal, alfalfa meal and wheat bran into a mixing tank 1 through a feed inlet 6 on the mixing tank 1, putting weighed probiotics bacteria liquid into a bacteria liquid hopper 11, starting a motor 9, and driving a rotating shaft to rotate by the motor 9 to stir the raw materials in the mixing tank 1; during the stirring process, the probiotics bacteria liquid in the bacteria liquid hopper 11 flows into the raw materials through the first liquid channel 3 and the second liquid channel 5, and is mixed with the raw materials during the stirring process; wherein, the adjusting wheel 36 is stopped after moving to the first stop position towards the direction of the rotating shaft under the drive of the translation driving device 37, when the adjusting wheel 36 is at the first stop position, the roller 29 on the rotating shaft is contacted with the adjusting wheel 36 once every time when the rotating shaft rotates one circle, and the roller 29 drives the piston 25 to realize one reciprocating movement every time when contacting with the adjusting wheel 36; in the process of carrying out one-time reciprocating movement of the piston 25, the volume of the piston cavity 26 is firstly reduced and then increased, when the volume of the piston cavity 26 is reduced, the probiotic bacteria liquid in the piston cavity 26 can be discharged outwards, and the discharged probiotic bacteria liquid enters the mixing tank 1 through the first liquid channel 3 and the second liquid channel 5 and is uniformly mixed with the raw materials along with the rotating stirring rod 4; as the volume of the piston chamber 26 increases, the probiotic bacteria liquid will be drawn into the piston chamber 26; in the process of circulation, the probiotic bacteria liquid can be gradually pumped into the raw materials and fully mixed with the raw materials; when the probiotic bacteria liquid does not need to be pumped, the adjusting wheel 36 is only driven by the translation driving device 37 to move to the second stop position in the direction away from the rotating shaft, and at the moment, the rotating shaft is not contacted with the adjusting wheel 36 in the rotating process, so that the piston 25 does not reciprocate in the liquid passing cylinder 24, and the bacteria liquid in the bacteria liquid hopper 11 does not continuously mix into the raw materials.
After the raw materials are mixed, a discharge valve is opened, and the mixture enters a fermentation tank 14 through a transition material pipe 12 for fermentation; in the fermentation process, in order to meet the aerobic requirements of the EM composite bacteria and the bacillus subtilis, air is introduced into the fermentation tank 14 through a blower 22 at an air introduction speed of 0.5L/min.kg (namely, 0.5 liter of air is introduced per minute per kilogram of mixture), so that rapid aerobic fermentation is realized; in the fermentation process, the fermentation tank 14 can be driven to rotate regularly through the supporting wheel 17, so that on one hand, the inside mixture can be overturned, the fermentation is more uniform, and on the other hand, the mixture can be pushed to move towards the direction of the discharge hole 19, and the subsequent discharge is facilitated. The fermentation time is 36 hours, and the black soldier fly larva feed of 5 th age can be obtained after the fermentation is completed.
Specific preparation examples are provided below:
example 1:
sieving purchased fish meal, corn meal and alfalfa meal with a 80-mesh sieve; sieving testa Tritici with 30 mesh sieve. The kitchen waste slurry accounts for 80 percent of the total weight, the fish meal accounts for 6 percent of the total weight, the corn flour accounts for 5 percent of the total weight, the alfalfa powder accounts for 3 percent of the total weight, and the wheat bran accounts for 6 percent of the total weight;
weighing 100 g of EM composite fungus powder, 100 g of brown granulated sugar and 3 kg of water; dissolving brown granulated sugar in water, adding EM composite fungus powder and fungus powder into the water, uniformly stirring, and placing the fungus solution in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for culturing for 7 days; the temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 60%; obtaining EM composite bacterial liquid after 7 days;
weighing 100 g of bacillus subtilis powder, 100 g of brown granulated sugar and 3 kg of water; firstly dissolving brown granulated sugar in water, then adding bacillus subtilis powder, uniformly stirring, and placing the bacterial liquid in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for culturing for 7 days; the temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 60%; and 7 days later, obtaining the bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid.
The activated EM composite bacterial liquid and the bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1, uniformly mixing the materials in proportion to prepare a probiotics bacterial liquid with the concentration of 1 multiplied by 108CFU/ml, uniformly mixing the probiotics bacterial liquid with fish meal, corn meal, alfalfa meal, wheat bran and kitchen waste slurry, fermenting for 36 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain the black soldier fly larva feed with the water content of 60 percent.
Example 2:
sieving purchased fish meal, corn meal and alfalfa meal with a 80-mesh sieve; sieving testa Tritici with 30 mesh sieve. The kitchen waste slurry accounts for 70% of the total weight, the fish meal accounts for 10% of the total weight, the corn meal accounts for 8% of the total weight, the alfalfa meal accounts for 6% of the total weight, and the wheat bran accounts for 6% of the total weight;
weighing 100 g of EM composite fungus powder, 100 g of brown granulated sugar and 3 kg of water; dissolving brown granulated sugar in water, adding EM composite fungus powder and fungus powder into the water, uniformly stirring, and placing the fungus solution in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for culturing for 7 days; the temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 60%; obtaining EM composite bacterial liquid after 7 days;
weighing 100 g of bacillus subtilis powder, 100 g of brown granulated sugar and 3 kg of water; firstly dissolving brown granulated sugar in water, then adding bacillus subtilis powder, uniformly stirring, and placing the bacterial liquid in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for culturing for 7 days; the temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 60%; and 7 days later, obtaining the bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid.
The activated EM composite bacterial liquid and the bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1, uniformly mixing the materials in proportion to prepare a probiotics bacterial liquid with the concentration of 1 multiplied by 108CFU/ml, uniformly mixing the probiotics bacterial liquid with fish meal, corn meal, alfalfa meal, wheat bran and kitchen waste slurry, fermenting for 36 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain the black soldier fly larva feed with the water content of 65 percent.
Example 3:
sieving purchased fish meal, corn meal and alfalfa meal with a 80-mesh sieve; sieving testa Tritici with 30 mesh sieve. The kitchen waste slurry accounts for 75% of the total weight, the fish meal accounts for 8% of the total weight, the corn flour accounts for 6% of the total weight, the alfalfa powder accounts for 4% of the total weight, and the wheat bran accounts for 7% of the total weight;
weighing 100 g of EM composite fungus powder, 100 g of brown granulated sugar and 3 kg of water; dissolving brown granulated sugar in water, adding EM composite fungus powder and fungus powder into the water, uniformly stirring, and placing the fungus solution in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for culturing for 7 days; the temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 60%; obtaining EM composite bacterial liquid after 7 days;
weighing 100 g of bacillus subtilis powder, 100 g of brown granulated sugar and 3 kg of water; firstly dissolving brown granulated sugar in water, then adding bacillus subtilis powder, uniformly stirring, and placing the bacterial liquid in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for culturing for 7 days; the temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 60%; and 7 days later, obtaining the bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid.
The activated EM composite bacterial liquid and the bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1, uniformly mixing the materials in proportion to prepare a probiotics bacterial liquid with the concentration of 1X 108CFU/ml, uniformly mixing the probiotics bacterial liquid with fish meal, corn meal, alfalfa meal, wheat bran and kitchen waste slurry, fermenting for 36 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain the black soldier fly larva feed at the 5 th age, wherein the water content of the feed is controlled at 70%.
According to the invention, the black soldier fly 5 th-age larva feed takes kitchen waste as a main base material, so that the resource utilization of waste is realized, and the cultivation cost is saved; the fish meal, corn flour, alfalfa meal and wheat bran are used as auxiliary materials, so that balance of nutrient elements is realized, comprehensive nutrition supplement can be provided for the hermetia illucens larvae, and good growth of the hermetia illucens larvae in the 5 th age is ensured. The feed is added with the probiotic bacteria liquid prepared by the EM composite bacteria liquid and the bacillus subtilis bacteria liquid, and is used for fermenting the raw materials, crude proteins, crude fat and crude fiber in the raw materials can be decomposed into micromolecular nutrients which can be effectively absorbed by the black soldier fly larvae through fermentation and decomposition of the probiotics, so that the nutrition requirement of the black soldier fly larvae is effectively met, the growth of the black soldier fly larvae is promoted, the survival rate of the black soldier fly larvae is improved, the development of the larvae is unstable, the size of the larvae is uniform, the eclosion of the black soldier fly adults is facilitated, the stability of the quality of the black soldier fly adults is ensured, and the economic value of the black soldier fly adults is improved; and as the probiotic bacteria liquid is added into the feed, the EM composite bacteria and the bacillus subtilis take the dominant role in the fermentation process, and the growth of other miscellaneous bacteria is inhibited, so that the odor generated by the kitchen waste slurry in the feed is effectively reduced.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described preferred embodiments, and any person who can obtain other various products under the teaching of the present invention, however, any change in shape or structure of the product is within the scope of the present invention, and all the products having the same or similar technical solutions as the present application are included.
Claims (5)
1. The preparation method of the black soldier fly 5 th-instar larva feed is characterized by comprising, by mass, 70-80% of kitchen waste slurry, 6-12% of fish meal, 5-10% of corn meal, 3-8% of alfalfa meal and 6-10% of wheat bran, wherein the corn meal, the alfalfa meal, the wheat bran and the probiotics liquid; the mass percentage of the probiotics liquid is 0.5% -1%, and the probiotics liquid contains bacillus subtilis liquid; the probiotic bacterial liquid also comprises an EM composite bacterial liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the EM composite bacterial liquid to the bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid is 1:1, a step of;
the preparation method of the black soldier fly 5 th-instar larva feed comprises the following specific steps:
step 1), culturing an EM composite bacterial liquid and a bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid, and preparing a probiotic bacterial liquid by the EM composite bacterial liquid and the bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid according to a mass ratio of 1:1; weighing kitchen waste slurry, fish meal, corn meal, alfalfa meal, wheat bran and probiotics liquid according to the mass ratio, and uniformly mixing the kitchen waste slurry, the fish meal, the corn meal, the alfalfa meal, the wheat bran and the probiotics liquid to obtain a mixture;
step 2), fermenting the obtained mixture to obtain a black soldier fly larva feed of 5 th age;
mixing and fermenting the raw materials by a mixing fermentation device; the material mixing and fermenting equipment comprises a material mixing tank and a fermenting tank, wherein a rotating shaft is arranged in the material mixing tank, and a rotary driving mechanism for driving the rotating shaft to rotate is arranged on the material mixing tank; the lower end of the rotating shaft is provided with a stirring rod, a first liquid channel is arranged in the rotating shaft, and a second liquid channel communicated with the first liquid channel is arranged in the stirring rod; the upper end of the stirring rod is provided with a fungus liquid hopper which is communicated with the first liquid channel; the upper end of the mixing tank is provided with a feed inlet;
the fermentation tank is horizontally arranged, the lower end of the mixing tank is connected with one end of the fermentation tank through a transition material pipe, and the other end of the fermentation tank is provided with a discharge hole; a rotary joint is arranged between the transition material pipe and the fermentation tank; a discharge valve is arranged on the transition material pipe; an air inlet pipe is arranged on the transition material pipe and is connected with a blower;
the fermentation tank is arranged on the supporting wheels, the supporting wheels are positioned on two sides below the fermentation tank, one supporting wheel is connected with the rotary power device, the supporting wheels are driven to rotate through the rotary power device, and the fermentation tank is driven to rotate when the supporting wheels rotate; a spiral pushing plate is arranged on the inner wall of the fermentation tank;
the rotary shaft is provided with a liquid passing cylinder, the liquid passing cylinder is positioned on the first liquid channel, a piston is arranged in the liquid passing cylinder, a piston cavity is formed between the piston and one end of the liquid passing cylinder, and a spring is arranged in the piston cavity; a push rod is arranged on the piston, and one end of the push rod extends out of the liquid passing cylinder; one end of the push rod far away from the piston is rotationally connected with a roller; a first one-way valve corresponding to the first liquid channel is arranged on one side of the liquid passing cylinder, which is close to the fungus liquid hopper, and a second one-way valve corresponding to the first liquid channel is arranged on the other side of the liquid passing cylinder;
the mixing cylinder is provided with an adjusting wheel corresponding to the roller, the adjusting wheel is connected to a fixed shaft in a rotating way, and the fixed shaft is arranged on the sliding seat; a guide rail is fixedly arranged on the mixing cylinder and is arranged along the radial direction of the rotating shaft; the sliding seat is connected to the guide rail in a sliding way; the mixing cylinder is also provided with a translation driving device for driving the sliding seat to move;
the translation driving device drives the adjusting wheel to move; in the rotating process of the rotating shaft, the piston is driven to move in the liquid passing cylinder through the contact between the roller and the regulating wheel; when the volume of the piston cavity is increased, the liquid in the first liquid channel is sucked into the piston cavity, and at the moment, the first one-way valve is in a conducting state, and the second one-way valve is in a cutting-off state; when the volume of the piston cavity is reduced, liquid in the piston cavity is discharged into the first liquid channel, and at the moment, the first one-way valve is in a cut-off state, and the second one-way valve is in a conduction state.
2. The preparation method of the black soldier fly 5 th instar larva feed according to claim 1, wherein the fineness of fish meal, corn meal and alfalfa meal is 60-80 meshes, the fineness of wheat bran is 30 meshes, and the fineness of kitchen waste slurry is 1mm or less.
3. The preparation method of the feed for the larvae of the 5 th age of hermetia illucens according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the feed for the larvae of the 5 th age of hermetia illucens is 60-70%.
4. The preparation method of the black soldier fly 5 th instar larva feed according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the method for culturing the EM composite bacterial liquid is as follows:
weighing 100 g of EM composite fungus powder, 100 g of brown granulated sugar and 3 kg of water; dissolving brown granulated sugar in water, adding EM composite bacterial powder into the water, uniformly stirring, and placing bacterial liquid in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for culturing for 7 days; the temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 60%;
the method for culturing the bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid comprises the following steps: weighing 100 g of bacillus subtilis powder, 100 g of brown granulated sugar and 3 kg of water; firstly dissolving brown granulated sugar in water, then adding bacillus subtilis powder, uniformly stirring, and placing the bacterial liquid in a constant temperature and humidity incubator for culturing for 7 days; the temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator was 25℃and the humidity was 60%.
5. The preparation method of the black soldier fly 5 th instar larva feed according to claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the fermentation tank.
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| KR20170067009A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2017-06-15 | 전필기 | Fodder and fermentation processing mixing device |
| CN106050600A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-10-26 | 叶育兴 | Fluid supply unit |
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