CN108991248B

CN108991248B - Feed for promoting growth and reproduction of earthworms and production method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN108991248B
Application number: CN201811007317.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李成会; 朱莲英
Original assignee: Tangshan Normal University
Current assignee: Tangshan Normal University
Priority date: 2018-08-31
Filing date: 2018-08-31
Publication date: 2021-12-07
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-31
Also published as: CN108991248A

Abstract

The feed for promoting the growth and the propagation of the earthworms is prepared from the following raw materials of crop fermented products, semi-finished microbial products, quicklime and urea in a mass ratio of (10-15): 1-3: 0.2: 0.1-0.3, and mixing uniformly to obtain the final product. The raw materials are mixed according to the mass ratio to obtain the final qualified product. The feed is prepared into a final product by adopting a fermentation and mixing method, and the production method is simple and convenient to operate. The feed has various substances, high protein content and complete nutrient components. The feed additive can effectively make up the defect of incomplete nutrition of the conventional earthworm breeding, provides sufficient nutrition for the growth, development and reproduction of earthworms, improves the disease resistance of the earthworms, reduces the stress response of the earthworms, and improves the sperm activity of the earthworms, thereby realizing the effect of promoting the growth and reproduction of the earthworms.

Description

Feed for promoting growth and reproduction of earthworms and production method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a feed for earthworm breeding industry and a production method of the feed, in particular to a feed for promoting the growth and the reproduction of earthworms and a production method of the feed.

Background

With the development of scale and industrialization of animal husbandry, the animal husbandry supplies a large amount of meat, eggs and milk for people, and causes serious pollution to the environment due to the discharge of a large amount of wastes such as feces. In recent years, with the increase of national environmental governance, the harmless treatment and resource utilization of farm wastes become important for the continuous development of the breeding industry. The earthworm cultivation by utilizing the waste of the farm is one of the effective ways for recycling the waste. In the process of culturing earthworms by using the wastes, the problems of low reproduction rate, slow growth speed, slow maturation, emaciation and the like of the earthworms occur due to incomplete fermentation, incomplete nutrition of base materials, improper carbon-nitrogen ratio of the base materials and the like.

In order to improve the reproduction rate and growth speed of earthworms and solve the problem of earthworm breeding substrate, the technicians in the field disclose various feeds for breeding earthworms, for example, Chinese patent CN107156458A discloses an earthworm feed, a preparation method and application, wherein the raw materials for forming the feed comprise a first feed and a second feed, the first feed is food type livestock manure and crop straws, and the second feed is grass type manure. The first and second feeds are fermented and mixed with additives comprising vegetables, rotten sugarcane, bagasse and the like to prepare the earthworm feed. Although the fermentation step is arranged in the preparation process of the feed, the raw materials of the feed are mainly livestock and poultry manure, which provides a substrate for the growth of earthworms, but the feed does not mention whether the nutrition is comprehensive or not and whether the growth and the reproduction of the earthworms can be promoted or not.

In view of the background art, there is a need to develop a feed for promoting the growth and reproduction of earthworms for earthworm cultivation.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems of low earthworm reproduction rate, slow growth speed, slow maturation, emaciation and the like caused by insufficient nutrition of earthworm feed in earthworm breeding in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the feed for promoting the growth and the reproduction of earthworms, and also aims to provide a production method of the feed for promoting the growth and the reproduction of earthworms.

The technical scheme is as follows:

the feed for promoting the growth and the propagation of the earthworms is prepared from the following raw materials of a crop fermented product, a vitamin semi-finished product, quicklime and urea in a mass ratio of 10-15: 1-3: 0.2: 0.1-0.3, and mixing uniformly to obtain the final product.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:

the raw materials for preparing the crop leavening comprise cottonseed meal, soybean meal or peanut meal, wheat bran, corn bran or corn cob.

The raw materials for preparing the vitamin semi-finished product comprise dihydropyridine, selenium yeast, tryptophan, vitamin C and starch.

A process for preparing the feed for promoting the growth and reproduction of earthworm includes proportionally mixing the raw materials together to obtain qualified finished product.

Preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

A. preparing a crop fermented product:

a. crushing cotton meal, bean meal or peanut meal to pass through a 20-mesh sieve for later use;

b. crushing the wheat bran, the corn bran or the corn cob to pass through a 20-mesh sieve for later use;

c. mixing the crushed cotton dregs, bean dregs or peanut dregs, the crushed wheat bran, corn bran or corn cob and water according to a mass ratio of 2-3: 1-2: 4-5 to obtain a mixture;

d. stacking the mixture for solid-state fermentation for 15-20 days to obtain a fermented product;

e. drying the fermented product in the sun to reduce the water content to below 20% to obtain fermented product of crops;

B. preparing a vitamin semi-finished product:

dihydropyridine, selenium yeast, tryptophan, vitamin C and glucose are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1-2: 0.3-0.5: 3-5: 0.5-0.8: 8-10 to obtain a semi-finished vitamin product;

C. fermented crop fermentation products, vitamin semi-finished products, quicklime and urea are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10-15: 1-3: 0.2: 0.1-0.3 to obtain the final product;

D. the final product is mixed into the earthworm breeding base material in the growth period according to the proportion of 3-8% to breed earthworms, so that the growth of the earthworms can be promoted, and is mixed into the earthworm breeding base material in the propagation period according to the proportion of 10-15% to breed the earthworms, so that the reproduction of the earthworms can be promoted.

By adopting the technical scheme, the earthworm favorite feed which is high in protein content, rich in humus, amino acid, low molecular peptide and vitamins and comprehensive in nutrition can be provided. The product is rich in protein and low molecular peptide, which can provide sufficient protein for the growth and development of earthworms and effectively promote the growth of earthworms; the product is rich in tryptophan, so that the stress response of the earthworms can be effectively reduced, and the earthworms can keep a good growth state and a good reproduction state; the selenium yeast and the vitamin C which are rich in the selenium yeast and the vitamin C can effectively reduce metabolic wastes in the earthworms, reduce the toxic action of toxic and harmful substances in the earthworm breeding matrix on the earthworms and keep the good health condition of the earthworms; the addition of dihydropyridine can effectively reduce peroxide in the earthworm body, keep the cell membrane complete, and increase the sperm respiration and the sperm activity, thereby promoting the growth of the earthworm and improving the earthworm reproduction rate.

The feed for promoting the growth and the propagation of the earthworms can make up for the insufficient and unbalanced nutrition of protein and the like in the conventional earthworm cultivation, and provides healthy physique and effective promotion function for the growth, development and the propagation of the earthworms. Experimental data show that the growth speed of earthworms can be increased by more than 10% and the weight of each hundred earthworms can be increased by more than 15% by adding the product in the earthworm breeding substrate according to the proportion of 5% in the growth period; the feed is added into the earthworm substrate according to the proportion of 10 percent in the breeding period, and the yield of the earthworm cocoons is improved by more than 8 percent.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.

The embodiment is a feed for promoting growth and reproduction of earthworms, which is prepared from crop fermentation products, vitamin semi-finished products, quicklime and urea according to a mass ratio of 10-15: 1-3: 0.2: 0.1-0.3, and mixing.

The raw materials for forming the crop leavening are as follows: one or more of cottonseed meal, soybean meal or peanut meal, and one or more of wheat bran, corn bran or corn cob. The cottonseed meal, the soybean meal or the peanut meal, the wheat bran, the corn bran or the corn cob are fine powder which is crushed by a crusher and sieved by a sieve of 20 meshes. The mixture is mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1 of the raw materials.

The raw material components for preparing the crop fermentation product and the parts by weight are as follows: 20-30 parts of cottonseed meal, soybean meal or peanut meal; 10-20 parts of wheat bran, corn bran or corncob; 40-50 parts of water.

The raw materials for forming the vitamin semi-finished product are as follows: dihydropyridine, selenium yeast, tryptophan, vitamin C and glucose.

The raw material components for preparing the semi-finished vitamin product comprise the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of dihydropyridine, 3-5 parts of selenium yeast, 30-50 parts of tryptophan, 5-8 parts of vitamin C and 80-100 parts of glucose.

First, raw material components for preparing crop fermentation product and parts by weight of the embodiment

Example 1

20 parts of cottonseed meal; 10 parts of wheat bran; and 40 parts of water.

Mixing the crushed raw material cottonseed meal, crushed wheat bran and water according to a ratio of 2: 1: 4, stacking, performing solid state fermentation for 15 days, and airing after fermentation to reduce the water content to below 20% to obtain a fermented product.

Example 2

25 parts of soybean meal; 15 parts of corn husks; and 45 parts of water.

Mixing the crushed raw material soybean meal, crushed corn husks and water according to the weight ratio of 2.5: 1.5: 4.5, stacking, performing solid state fermentation for 18 days, and airing after fermentation to reduce the water content to below 20% to obtain a fermented product.

Example 3

30 parts of a mixture of peanut meal and bean pulp; 20 parts of a mixture of corncobs and wheat bran; 50 parts of water.

Mixing the two mixtures with water according to the proportion of 3: 2: 5, piling the mixture for solid state fermentation for 20 days, and airing the mixture after fermentation to reduce the water content to be below 20 percent to obtain a fermented product.

Example 4

Mixing the crushed cottonseed meal, the crushed soybean meal and the crushed peanut meal according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1 to prepare a first mixture, and mixing the wheat bran, the corn bran and the corn cob according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1 to prepare a second mixture.

27 parts of the first mixture, 18 parts of the second mixture and 50 parts of water are taken according to parts by weight.

Uniformly mixing the first mixture, the second mixture and water according to the mass ratio of 2.7:1.8:5, stacking for solid state fermentation for 20 days, and airing after fermentation to reduce the water content to below 20% to obtain a fermented product.

Second, raw material components for preparing vitamin semi-finished product and parts by weight of the examples

Example 1

10 parts of dihydropyridine, 3 parts of yeast selenium, 30 parts of tryptophan, 5 parts of vitamin C and 80 parts of glucose.

Dihydropyridine, selenium yeast, tryptophan, vitamin C and glucose are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.3: 3: 0.5: 8 to obtain a semi-finished vitamin product.

Example 2

15 parts of dihydropyridine, 4 parts of yeast selenium, 40 parts of tryptophan, 7 parts of vitamin C and 90 parts of glucose.

Dihydropyridine, selenium yeast, tryptophan, vitamin C and glucose are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1-2: 0.4: 4: 0.6: 9 to obtain a semi-finished product of the vitamin.

Example 3

20 parts of dihydropyridine, 5 parts of yeast selenium, 50 parts of tryptophan, 8 parts of vitamin C and 100 parts of glucose.

Dihydropyridine, selenium yeast, tryptophan, vitamin C and glucose are mixed according to the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 5: 0.8: 10 to obtain a semi-finished product of the vitamin.

Mixing the fermented product, the vitamin semi-finished product, the quick lime and the urea according to the mass ratio of 10-15: 1-3: 0.2: 0.1-0.3, and mixing uniformly to obtain the final product.

The final product is mixed into the earthworm breeding base material in the growth period according to the proportion of 3-8% to breed earthworms, so that the growth of the earthworms can be promoted, and is mixed into the earthworm breeding base material in the propagation period according to the proportion of 10-15% to breed the earthworms, so that the reproduction of the earthworms can be promoted.

The above examples merely represent some embodiments of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed for promoting growth and reproduction of earthworms is characterized in that:

the feed is added into the earthworm breeding substrate according to the proportion of 5 percent in the growth period, so that the growth speed of the earthworms is improved by more than 10 percent, and the weight of each hundred earthworms is improved by more than 15 percent; the feed is added into the earthworm substrate in the breeding period according to the proportion of 10 percent, so that the yield of the earthworm cocoons is improved by more than 8 percent;

the feed for promoting the growth and the propagation of the earthworms is prepared by the following steps:

(1) preparing a crop fermented product:

c. mixing the crushed cotton dregs, bean dregs or peanut dregs, the crushed wheat bran, corn bran or corn cob and water according to the weight ratio of 2-3: 1-2: 4-5, mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture;

(2) preparing a vitamin semi-finished product:

(3) fermented crop fermentation products, vitamin semi-finished products, quicklime and urea are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10-15: 1-3: 0.2: 0.1-0.3 to obtain the final product;

(4) the final product is mixed into the earthworm breeding base material in the growth period according to the proportion of 3-8% to breed earthworms, so that the growth of the earthworms can be promoted, and is mixed into the earthworm breeding base material in the propagation period according to the proportion of 10-15% to breed the earthworms, so that the reproduction of the earthworms can be promoted.