CN107853250A - A kind of cultural method of earthworm - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application discloses a breeding method for earthworms, relates to the field of animal breeding, and is invented to solve the problem of low earthworm output rate. The method mainly includes: A. Preparation of earthworm substrate: substrate spare materials include discarded edible fungi, plant stalks, urea, silt, and EM bacterial liquid; the substrate spare materials are mixed and fermented to adjust the pH value, and finally sandy loam is added to make earthworm substrate; B. The paving system of earthworm cultivation pond: cultivation pond is set, sunshade is erected above the described cultivation pond, water delivery pipeline is laid on the top of described cultivation pond, and water is added to regulate humidity; C. earthworm inoculation: choose kind good, healthy and lively earthworm, Inoculated on the culture pond; D. Daily management; E. Harvesting adult worms. The breeding method effectively utilizes the waste, so that the breeding and planting can be effectively combined, and the waste is mutually utilized to realize the green agricultural cycle production, which not only promotes the development of the earthworm breeding industry, but also promotes the development of the edible fungus planting industry.

Description

A kind of breeding method of earthworm

technical field

The present application relates to the field of animal breeding, in particular to a method for breeding earthworms.

Background technique

Earthworms are common terrestrial annelids that live in the soil and come out at night. They feed on livestock and poultry manure and organic waste, swallowing them together with soil, and also eating plant stems and leaves. Earthworms can loosen the soil, improve the soil, increase fertility, and promote agricultural production. Earthworms are a multifunctional biological resource. 70% of earthworms are protein, which is a high-quality and high-protein source. Earthworms also contain a variety of antibacterial enzymes, which can be used to develop biological pesticides, biological veterinary drugs, and biological organic fertilizers. The products have high added value and are environmentally friendly. Earthworms can also develop a variety of health foods and animal protein feeds, which can reduce costs and improve product quality. Therefore, earthworm is a low-cost, high-efficiency, safe and reliable animal protein. And the polypeptide extracted from the liquid has the effect of promoting growth and antibacterial.

Since the preliminary application of earthworms and extracts in a wide range of fields such as medicine, food, planting, animal husbandry, safe utilization of organic waste, environmental governance and protection, and soil improvement has shown good application prospects, it has become a world It is a new hotspot of research and development in various countries. At present, earthworms are cultured by laying cow dung, pig manure and other animal manure, rice straw, wheat straw, etc. as feed on the ground or composting and fermenting them. Earthworms have a high mortality rate. The adult worms extracted after breeding are small, the surface color is not bright enough, and the high-quality protein contained in them is low. Moreover, the earthworms harvested by traditional breeding methods are often mixed in size, and the later separation is more troublesome, which is not conducive to improving work efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The present application provides a method for cultivating earthworms to solve the problem of low yield of earthworms.

The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:

A. Earthworm substrate preparation:

(1) Weigh the following materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of discarded edible fungi, 30-50 parts of plant straw, 20-30 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of sludge, 0.5-1 part of EM bacterial liquid, 100-150 parts sandy loam;

(2) 60-80 parts of discarded edible fungi and 30-50 parts of plant stalks are mixed and pulverized for later use;

(3) Mix the pulverized material obtained in step (2), 20-30 parts of urea, and 10-15 parts of sludge evenly and put them in the fermentation tank, and inoculate 0.5-1 part of EM bacterial liquid for fermentation treatment, during which the fermentation temperature is controlled at 40-100 55°C, ferment for 12-16 days to get the fermented material for later use;

(4) carry out pH test to fermented material, and adjust pH value with citric acid solution or clarified lime aqueous solution, control pH value at 6～7;

(5) After the adjusted fermented material is taken out and air-dried naturally, it is pulverized and crossed an 80-mesh sieve to obtain fermented powder for subsequent use;

(6) Fully mix the fermentation powder with 100 to 150 parts of sandy loam to obtain the earthworm substrate;

B. The paving of earthworm culture ponds: select to set up culture ponds near the water source, convenient drainage and ventilated places, set up a sunshade above the culture ponds, lay water pipelines on the top of the culture ponds, and set up water pipelines on the water pipelines. Spray holes, the prepared earthworm matrix paving house and the culture pond, the laying height is 40-60cm, and water is added to adjust the humidity, and the water content is preserved at 70-80%;

C. Earthworm inoculation: select a good variety, healthy and lively earthworms, and inoculate them on the breeding pond with an amount of 1 to 2 kg per cubic meter;

D. Daily management: control the ambient temperature at 18-30°C, remove the earthworm feces on the upper surface of the breeding pond before feeding each time, and then put the feed on the breeding pond, and carry out up-and-down feeding on the breeding pond every 6-8 days Stack turning operation, regular inspection, pay attention to the generation, reproduction and spawning of earthworms, lighting at night to prevent earthworms from escaping;

E. Harvest adult worms: After 34-45 days of feeding, the earthworms grow into adults, lay worm steps on the top of the worm bed to extract the adult worms, and then use the earthworm matrix to restore the culture pond after the worms emerge.

Further, the EM bacteria solution in step A includes: photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and filamentous bacteria.

Further, 100% of the yeast powder in step A can pass through 60 mesh, and more than 80% can pass through 100 mesh.

Further, the water content in the culture pond in step B is kept at 70-75%.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the application uses a unique feeding substrate to re-use the discarded edible fungi and straw, which protects the environment, and contains rich nutrients and good air permeability. , miscellaneous bacteria infection sources and harmful residual substances are less, which improves the growth environment of earthworms, reduces morbidity and mortality, and increases growth speed and output. Reasonable daily management methods promote the growth of earthworms, and the vermicompost removed during the period can be used for the application of plant fertilizers, such as edible fungi, which have good by-product value. To sum up, this breeding method has simple process steps, abundant raw materials, cheap and easy to obtain, convenient management, and effective use of waste, so that breeding and planting can be effectively combined, and waste can be used mutually to realize green agricultural cycle generation. Promote the development of earthworm breeding industry, but also promote the development of edible fungus planting industry. At the same time, the earthworms produced are large in size, bright in color, high in nutritional value, and have good economic value.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with embodiment further illustrate the present application.

Example 1

In the process of earthworm breeding, it is first necessary to prepare an earthworm substrate, which is the soil environment for cultivating earthworms. The whole breeding process includes:

A. Earthworm substrate preparation:

(1) Weigh the following materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of discarded edible fungi, 30 parts of plant stalks, 30 parts of urea, 15 parts of sludge, 0.5 parts of EM bacteria liquid, 150 parts of sandy loam, wherein the EM bacteria liquid includes: photosynthetic bacteria group , lactic acid bacteria, yeast and filamentous bacteria;

(2) 60 parts of discarded edible fungi and 30 parts of plant stalks were mixed and crushed for later use;

(3) Mix the pulverized material obtained in step (2), 30 parts of urea, and 15 parts of sludge evenly and put them in the fermentation tank, and inoculate 0.5 parts of EM bacteria liquid for fermentation treatment, during which the fermentation temperature is controlled at 40-45 °C and fermented for 12 days Get the fermented material for use;

(4) carry out pH test to fermented material, and adjust pH value with citric acid solution or clarified lime aqueous solution, control pH value at 6;

(5) After the adjusted fermented material is taken out and air-dried naturally, it is pulverized and crossed an 80-mesh sieve to obtain fermented powder for subsequent use;

(6) Fermentation powder is fully mixed with 150 parts of sandy loam to obtain the earthworm substrate;

B. The paving of earthworm culture ponds: select to set up culture ponds near the water source, convenient drainage and ventilated places, set up a sunshade above the culture ponds, lay water pipelines on the top of the culture ponds, and set up water pipelines on the water pipelines. Spray holes, the prepared earthworm matrix paving house and the culture pond, the laying height is 40cm, and add water to adjust the humidity, and preserve the water content at 70%;

C. earthworm inoculation: choose the good kind, healthy and lively earthworms, inoculate on the breeding pond with the amount of 1kg per cubic meter;

D. Daily management: control the ambient temperature to 18°C, remove the earthworm feces on the upper surface of the breeding pond before feeding each time, and then put the feed on the breeding pond, and turn the breeding pond up and down every 6 days. Regularly inspect, pay attention to the formation, reproduction and spawning of earthworms, and illuminate at night to prevent earthworms from escaping;

E. Harvest adult worms: After 34 days of feeding, the earthworms grow into adults, lay worm steps on the top of the worm bed to extract the adult worms, and then use the earthworm substrate to restore the culture pond.

After the above breeding process, the worms are harvested, and then the worms are further processed to facilitate storage and prepare for the subsequent use of the worms as medicine.

Example 2

In the process of earthworm breeding, it is first necessary to prepare an earthworm substrate, which is the soil environment for cultivating earthworms. The whole breeding process includes:

A. Earthworm substrate preparation:

(1) Weigh the following materials by weight: 80 parts of discarded edible fungi, 50 parts of plant stalks, 20 parts of urea, 10 parts of sludge, 0.5 parts of EM bacteria liquid, 100 parts of sandy loam, wherein the EM bacteria liquid includes: photosynthetic bacteria group , lactic acid bacteria, yeast and filamentous bacteria;

(2) 80 parts of discarded edible fungi and 50 parts of plant stalks were mixed and pulverized for later use;

(3) Mix the pulverized product obtained in step (2), 20 parts of urea, and 10 parts of sludge evenly and put them in the fermentation tank, and inoculate 0.5 parts of EM bacteria liquid for fermentation treatment, during which the fermentation temperature is controlled at 40-45 °C and fermented for 16 days Get the fermented material for use;

(4) carry out pH test to fermented material, and adjust pH value with citric acid solution or clarified lime aqueous solution, control pH value at 7;

(5) After the adjusted fermented material is taken out and air-dried naturally, it is pulverized and crossed an 80-mesh sieve to obtain fermented powder for subsequent use;

(6) Fermentation powder is fully mixed with 100 parts of sandy loam to obtain the earthworm substrate;

B. The paving of earthworm culture ponds: select to set up culture ponds near the water source, convenient drainage and ventilated places, set up a sunshade above the culture ponds, lay water pipelines on the top of the culture ponds, and set up water pipelines on the water pipelines. Spray holes, the prepared earthworm substrate paving house and the culture pond, the laying height is 60cm, and water is added to adjust the humidity, and the water content is preserved at 80%;

C. earthworm inoculation: choose kind, healthy and lively earthworms, inoculate on the culture pond with the amount of 2kg per cubic meter;

D. Daily management: control the ambient temperature to 30°C, remove the earthworm feces on the upper surface of the breeding pond before feeding each time, and then put the feed on the breeding pond, and turn the breeding pond up and down every 8 days. Regularly inspect, pay attention to the formation, reproduction and spawning of earthworms, and illuminate at night to prevent earthworms from escaping;

E. Harvesting adult worms: After 45 days of feeding, the earthworms grow into adults. Lay worm steps on the top of the worm bed to extract the adult worms. After the worms emerge, use the earthworm matrix to restore the culture pond.

Compared with Example 1, after the above breeding process, the number of harvested worms is more, the color is darker, and the number of earthworms in the matrix per unit volume is too large, which is not conducive to the continued reproduction of earthworms.

Example 3

In the process of earthworm breeding, it is first necessary to prepare an earthworm substrate, which is the soil environment for cultivating earthworms. The whole breeding process includes:

A. Earthworm substrate preparation:

(1) Weigh the following materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of discarded edible fungi, 40 parts of plant stalks, 25 parts of urea, 12 parts of sludge, 0.8 parts of EM bacteria liquid, 120 parts of sandy loam, wherein the EM bacteria liquid includes: photosynthetic bacteria group , lactic acid bacteria, yeast and filamentous bacteria;

(2) 70 parts of discarded edible fungi and 40 parts of plant stalks were mixed and pulverized for later use;

(3) Mix the pulverized product obtained in step (2), 25 parts of urea, and 12 parts of sludge evenly and put them in the fermentation tank, and inoculate 0.5 parts of EM bacteria liquid for fermentation treatment, during which the fermentation temperature is controlled at 40-45 °C and fermented for 14 days Get the fermented material for use;

(4) carry out pH test to fermented material, and adjust pH value with citric acid solution or clarified lime aqueous solution, control pH value at 6.5;

(5) After the adjusted fermented material is taken out and air-dried naturally, it is pulverized and crossed an 80-mesh sieve to obtain fermented powder for subsequent use;

(6) Fermentation powder is fully mixed with 120 parts of sandy loam to obtain the earthworm substrate;

B. The paving of earthworm culture ponds: select to set up culture ponds near the water source, convenient drainage and ventilated places, set up a sunshade above the culture ponds, lay water pipelines on the top of the culture ponds, and set up water pipelines on the water pipelines. Spray holes, the prepared earthworm substrate paving house and the culture pond, the laying height is 50cm, and water is added to adjust the humidity, and the water content is preserved at 75%;

C. earthworm inoculation: choose good species, healthy and lively earthworms, inoculate on the breeding pond with the amount of 1.5kg per cubic meter;

D. Daily management: control the ambient temperature to 25°C, remove the earthworm excrement on the upper surface of the breeding pond before feeding each time, and then put the feed on the breeding pond, and turn the breeding pond up and down every 7 days. Regularly inspect, pay attention to the formation, reproduction and spawning of earthworms, and illuminate at night to prevent earthworms from escaping;

E. Harvest adult worms: After 40 days of feeding, the earthworms grow into adults, and lay worm steps on the top of the worm bed to extract the adult worms, and then use the earthworm substrate to restore the culture pond.

Compared with Example 1, after the above breeding process, the harvested vermicomposts are larger and have a good color, which is beneficial to subsequent reproduction and spawning. The selection of substrate materials for making them and the density of seeding are relatively moderate.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the application uses a unique feeding substrate to re-use the discarded edible fungi and straw, which protects the environment, and contains rich nutrients and good air permeability. , miscellaneous bacteria infection sources and harmful residual substances are less, which improves the growth environment of earthworms, reduces morbidity and mortality, and increases growth speed and output. Reasonable daily management methods promote the growth of earthworms, and the vermicompost removed during the period can be used for the application of plant fertilizers, such as edible fungi, which have good by-product value. To sum up, this breeding method has simple process steps, abundant raw materials, cheap and easy to obtain, convenient management, and effective use of waste, so that breeding and planting can be effectively combined, and waste can be used mutually to realize green agricultural cycle generation. Promote the development of earthworm breeding industry, but also promote the development of edible fungus planting industry. At the same time, the earthworms produced are large in size, bright in color, high in nutritional value, and have good economic value.

For the same and similar parts among the various embodiments in this specification, refer to each other. The embodiments of the present invention described above are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of cultural method of earthworm, it is characterised in that methods described includes：

A. prepared by earthworm matrix：

(1) material of following parts by weight is weighed：60~80 parts of discarded edible mushrooms, 30~50 parts of straws, 20~30 parts of urea, 10~15 parts of mud, 0.5~1 part of EM bacterium solution, 100~150 parts of sandy loams；

(2) will be standby after 60~80 parts of discarded edible mushrooms, 30~50 parts of straw co-grindings；

(3) crushed material, 20~30 parts of urea, 10~15 parts of mud obtained by step (2) are well mixed and are put in fermentation vat, and connect 0.5~1 part of EM bacterium solution of kind carries out fermentation process, during which controls fermentation temperature at 40~55 DEG C, and fermentation obtains fermentation material in 12~16 days It is standby；

(4) PH tests are carried out to fermentation material, and pH value is adjusted with the lime aqueous solution of citric acid solution or clarification, control PH Value is 6~7；

(5) after the fermentation material after regulation being taken out into natural air drying, then 80 mesh sieves be crushed to obtain yeast powder standby；

(6) earthworm matrix is produced after yeast powder is sufficiently mixed uniformly with 100~150 parts of sandy loams；

B. vermiculture pond is paved：Selection is close to water source, draining is convenient, ventilation sets culturing pool, above the culturing pool Sunshade is set up, the laying water pipes at the top of the culturing pool, hole for water spraying is offered on the aqueduct, by made earthworm Matrix is spread in room and the culturing pool, and laying height be 40~60cm, and adds water regulation humidity, preservation water content 70~ 80%；

C. earthworm is inoculated with：It is good to choose kind, the earthworm of bouncing, is inoculated in every cubic metre of 1~2kg amount on culturing pool；

D. daily management：It is 18~30 DEG C to control environment temperature, every time removes the earthworm manure of the upper epidermis of culturing pool before feeding Feed is put on culturing pool again after going, pile-turning operation up and down was carried out once to culturing pool every 6~8 days, periodically inspects, pays attention to Earthworm generation, breeding and spawning, night lights illumination, prevent earthworm from fleeing；

E. earthworm is harvested into：By the raising of 34~45 days, earthworm grew up to, and is extracted into earthworm in the top of earthworm bed laying earthworm step, goes out earthworm Afterwards again with earthworm matrix reduction culturing pool.

2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the EM bacterium solutions in step A include：Photosynthetic bacteria group, lactobacillus, Yeast flora and thread flora.

3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that yeast powder in step A 100% can cross 60 mesh, and more than 80% Cross 100 mesh.

4. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that keep in culturing pool described in step B water content 70~ 75%.