CN107382391A - Using earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum as raw material earthworm derivative preparation method of organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

Using earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum as the earthworm derivative preparation method of organic fertilizer of raw material, belong to the manufacturing technology field of agricultural organic fertilizer, comprise the following steps：Choose herbal tea slag, mushroom slag, corncob, dregs of beans is as substrate material, after being crushed with cow dung, sheep manure just mixes, microbe inoculation leavening carries out fermentation process, then launch into age earthworm and enter nursing, the activity characteristic for decomposing organic waste and earthworm defecation are swallowed with reference to earthworm, ovulation and the physiological law of earthworm egg hatching, Optimal culture technology and earthworm and earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum separation-extraction technology, the earthworm excrement that will finally separate, earthworm ovum is re-dubbed earthworm and derives organic fertilizer, and pass through the method for conventional application of organic fertilizers, earthworm ovum is directly entered in agricultural land soil and hatched naturally, utilize movable and organic materials decomposition of the earthworm in soil, the effects such as assimilation optimization soil texture, so as to reach the purpose of restoration of the ecosystem improved soil.

Description

Using earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum as raw material earthworm derivative preparation method of organic fertilizer

Technical field

The invention belongs to the manufacturing technology field of agricultural organic fertilizer, it is related to the preparation side of the organic fertilizer equipped with earthworm excrement Method.

Background technology

For a long time, China's Crops in Applying Fertilizer relies primarily on fertilizer and pesticide.The lavishment abuse of chemical inorganic fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, Cause arable soil acidifying hardened, organic matter shortage, beneficial microbe and nutrient numerous imbalances, pathogen grow, crop disease Insect pest is serious, and fertilizer nutrient utilization is low, and quality deteriorates, and content of beary metal is exceeded, and the low receipts of crops or mistake receipts etc. are a series of tight The problem of weight.Therefore, in recent years, arable soil improvement recovery technique is increasingly becoming research and the application heat of effectively improvement low-yield land Point.Following agricultural management is to realize ecological environment of soil safety and the important step of agricultural sustainable development, biotechnology Using the main flow that will be its development, earthworm and ecological organic fertilizing technology is using as a kind of neck that farmland is managed by biological control measure First technical system.

Before human future to the earth, the earthworm ploughing and weeding earth 1 years.Earthworm is biological in terrestrial ecosystems Amount it is maximum without vertebra soil animal, be referred to as " ecological engineering teacher ".It is in using the Litter-fall in soil, humus as food Terrestrial ecosystems food chain bottom, is the important substance analyst of the ecosystem, and its vital movement is small in soil material biology It is essential in circulation.Numerous studies show, earthworm can eat large amount of organic matter in its metabolic processes, pass through gizzard Mechanical abrasive action and enteron aisle in biological chemistry action carry out decomposition and inversion.The digestion power of earthworm is extremely strong, 100,000,000 earthworms Can be eaten 40~50 tons of rubbish for one day, discharge 20~25 tons of earthworm excrement.Its alimentary canal can secret out of protease, lipase, cellulose Enzyme, chitinase and amylase etc., organic substance will be hydrolyzed into simple carbon water in the presence of these enzymes and microorganism The low molecular compounds such as compound, fat, alcohol, finally discharged in the form of wormcast.Meanwhile by earthworm in organic materials Motion can also improve Water, steam circulation in organic materials, promote material to be sufficiently mixed and strengthen microbial action, so as to plus The synergy that strong earthworm and microorganism are handled organic materials, changes soil microbe quantity, structure of community and composition, adds The mineralising of the nutrients such as speed N, P, promotes soil ecology reparation.

Research also shows that earthworm excavates soil, soil is fluffed, and air and the water capacity is easily arrived at the root of plant.Earthworm The cave of excavation contributes to the rapid draining of soil with passage.Estimation, if thering are 1,000,000 earthworms to inhabit in 15 mu of soils, completely It can replace three skilled gardeners are annual to take turns the work for eight hours that drain off daily, and 1.8 tons can also be obtained every year Wormcast.

Earthworm movement can improve soil texture, strengthen the water conservation gas permeability of soil, can protect and keep soil organic matter；Can Decompose, the thick organic matter of broken soil, so that organic matter is easier to be decomposed by the microorganisms, improve soil nutrient circulation rate；Earthworm Earthworm activity can improve the validity and nutrient turnover rate of soil nutrient, can significantly promote the mineralising of soil nitrogen, improve soil The content earthworm movement of earth available nitrogen has facilitation to root growth, plant development and high crop yield；At the same time it can also promote Enter the scattered of plant beneficial bacteria and their colony structure can be changed, suppress plant insect, parasite, the quantity of pathogen and work Property.

Earthworm and earthworm excrement are microorganism, the growth of micro-fauna and the elongation of plant roots, growth both provides very Suitable micro-ecological environment.Available nutrient in earthworm excrement is high, promotes microorganism growth, and microorganism can secrete various digestive enzymes. The good structure of earthworm excrement provides suitable action space for enzyme reaction.The enteron aisle digestion process of earthworm can also promote enzymatic activity Improve.

The composition of wormcast is because the difference in season and raw material ratio slightly has difference, but nutrient is complete, and fertilizer efficiency is notable, fully The effect of embodying wormcast and characteristic.Determined through fertilizer efficiency：Containing full nitrogen 0.95~2.5%, full phosphorus 1.1~2.9%, full potassium 0.96~2.2%, organic matter 35~45%, humus 21~40%, calcium 3.60~4.2%, containing 16~23 kinds of amino acid, its is rich Rich earthworm fibrinlytic enzyme, every gram of wormcast have 105 × 8 beneficial microbes（Aging soil only has 105~106）, and tool Grain uniformly, ventilative water conservation, tasteless health, the features such as fertilizer efficiency is lasting.Earthworm enzyme in wormcast can also kill the disease in soil Poison, harmful bacteria and the material for having inhibitory action to plant growth, are a kind of pure-natural biological organic fertilizers.In addition, earthworm is also It can degrade, the pollutant in evacuation soil.Due to sewage irrigation, the sedimentation of pollute dust, soil pollution, and earthworm can inhabit Environment in absorb decomposing pollutant matter, such as organic agricultural chemicals, heavy metal, radioactive substance.

At present, on the application study using wormcast+earthworm ovum and its derivative and less.Only dealing with earthworm organic waste The research and application of gurry focus mostly on vermis feed and earthworm excrement organic fertilizer, and mostly experimental study or small-scale application, to the greatest extent Manage its application technology and be respectively provided with respective different characteristics, but the problem of all different degrees of presence following skill flitch face：

1st, a kind of methods using vermicomposting Chinese medicine slag of the A of application publication number CN 105646020, its content of the invention cow dung It is 25-30 DEG C with Chinese medicine slag mixing composting temperature of charge, completely can not be decomposed by material fermentation.According to feces of livestock and poultry and organic waste The compost fermentation technical requirements of gurry, fermentation temperature will typically reach 50-70 DEG C material could thoroughly be decomposed it is decomposed, simultaneously It is effective to kill roundworm egg and excrement colibacillus group.Propagate earthworm artificially, earthworm eats matrix feed must be thoroughly decomposed, to prevent two Secondary fermentation calefaction is too high and causes earthworm dead；Its content of the invention compost sorting cow dung and the nutrient deficiency of several Chinese medicine slags, are adjusted Section carbon-nitrogen ratio is unreasonable and causes material fermentation not heat up.

2nd, a kind of modifying agents and method for reducing tea garden soil lead activity of the A of application publication number CN 105837261, it is invented There is no the particular technique and operating method that describe compost fermentation and vermiculture in content, including material proportion percentage by weight and Vermiculture process facility and growing environment etc.；" safety, heavy metal and residues of pesticides content are no more than country in the content of the invention Relevant standard（Such as NY 525-2002 organic fertilizer agricultural industry criterias）" wrong, the organic fertilizer country agriculture performed so far for 2012 Industry professional standard should be（NY 525-2012）；In addition, the invention is designed as a kind of " modifying agent ", product technology fiducial mark with it is organic Fertilizer technology standard is completely different, nor same class standard series；Earthworm is inoculated with the content of the invention：After decomposed end, earthworm is inoculated with Earthworm, cultivate 30~60 days；Earthworm is sorted out, obtained earthworm excrement, as described modifying agent.Or it is small die trial to sort out by hand Formula, large-scale production cultivation can not be carried out.

The present invention is directed to above present situation and existing a series of problems, and the activity spy for decomposing organic waste is swallowed according to earthworm Property, obtains sufficient earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum is re-dubbed derivative organic fertilizer by large-scale cultivation, and passes through the side of conventional application of organic fertilizers Earthworm ovum is directly entered in agricultural land soil by method hatches naturally, using earthworm in soil activity and organic materials decomposition, The effects such as assimilation optimization soil texture, promotes the release of Nutrient Elements in Soil natural stability, Nutrient Cycling reaches between soil and crop To the equilibrium of supply and demand, so as to improve soil total quality, reach Gai Liang Xiu earth backing earth, increasing yield and improving quality, promote agricultural sustainable development Purpose.

The content of the invention

To solve the problems, such as that earthworm excrement organic fertilizer is difficult to share earthworm in process of production and is recycled use, this Fa Ming are carried For a kind of using earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum as the earthworm derivative preparation method of organic fertilizer of raw material, comprise the following steps：

Step 1, raw material is chosen：

Mixture more than one or both of raw material of following weight proportion is chosen, as organic materials：

Herbal tea slag 30-40 parts by weight, mushroom slag 15-20 parts by weight, corncob 15-20 parts by weight, dregs of beans 10-20 parts by weight, micro- life Thing leavening 0.1-0.15 parts by weight；

The herbal tea slag refers to prepare the residue obtained after herbal tea, that is, the raw material for preparing herbal tea are carried by decocting cooking method After taking active ingredient, the residue obtained by mechanical dehydration；

The mushroom slag be when being packed in bag substrate culture asparagus, harvest asparagus after in culture bag remaining matrix residue；

Step 2, raw material is crushed：

Above-mentioned organic materials is broken into 0.1~0.3cm granular, obtains pretreated feedstock；

Step 3, fermentation raw material is prepared：

The sheep manure of the cow dung or 40~50 parts by weight of pretreated feedstock and 40~50 parts by weight is just put into pan mixer to carry out Mix, the microbe leaven of 0.1~0.15 parts by weight is accessed during stirring, stirred 3~5 minutes per batch, regulation mixing The pH value of raw material is 6.5~7.5, and carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25~31:1, the content of moisture is 48~58%, obtains fermentation raw material；

Step 4, fermentation process：

Fermentation raw material is transferred to fermentation vat, height is piled and carries out fermentation process for 1.2~1.5 meters of Chi Dui, work as fermentation raw material Temperature carries out first time turning when being raised to 45~50 DEG C, and later temperature carries out second of turning when being raised to 60~70 DEG C, later every Its turning is once；

Pond heap fermentation process turns over Throwing processing after 15~20 days, into cooling, when the temperature of the material in fermentation vat drops to normal temperature, and And material in it is soft it is not viscous, without acid smell when complete fermentation process, obtain tunning；

Step 5, earthworm is launched：

Earthworm is inoculated with steelframe booth, the top of the steelframe booth reaches more than 90% black shading covered with shading rate Net, the concrete floor in steelframe booth form vermiculture pond, and the surrounding of steelframe booth is provided with the movable wall being made up of film Curtain；The chopping straw of a 10~15cm of floor height is laid before dispensing earthworm in vermiculture pond, then takes tunning to straw Some pile shape substrate materials are piled on layer, are launched on the straw layer of the interval between adjacent bar pile shape substrate material red into age Son love victory earthworm, throw-in density are that every cubic metre of bar pile shape substrate material launches 1.5~2.0 kilograms of Eisenia Foetida, make compatriot Love victory earthworm crawls on bar pile shape substrate material naturally；The loose bar pile shape substrate material of creeper was used every 3~5 days once, behaviour later Action lightly will avoid damage to earthworm as far as possible when making, in order to avoid influence the yield of earthworm excrement and earthworm earthworm ovum；

Step 6, the screening deduction of earthworm, earthworm excrement and earthworm ovum：

After launching into age Eisenia Foetida 10~12 days, using forklift by bar pile shape substrate material, earthworm, the earthworm in vermiculture pond Excrement and earthworm ovum are transferred in storage bin hopper, and being then transferred to linear vibrating screen by conveyer belt carries out sub-sieve extraction, under vibratory sieve To the mixing fines formed with earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum and remaining decomposed fines, will mixing fines through conveyer belt be transferred to disk mixer and The tunning that step 4 obtains is by 20~30：100 weight proportion is mixed, and it is organic that earthworm derivative is prepared Fertilizer；Remaining earthworm on vibratory sieve is returned in step 5 as the earthworm of inoculation and subsequent step.

Finally the earthworm excrement separated, earthworm ovum and its derivative are directly entered in agricultural land soil by conventional fertilizer application method Naturally hatch, so as to promote Nutrient Elements in Soil natural stability to discharge, improve soil total quality, reach restoration of the ecosystem improvement Soil, the purpose for promoting agricultural sustainable development.

The steelframe booth of earthworm is inoculated with step 5 of the present invention includes the frame in cuboid, is provided with the top of frame Spraying ventilating device is installed in lambdoid sunshade, above sunshade, covered with sunshade net, frame surrounding bottom on sunshade Portion is provided with brick wall, and gutter is provided with the ground on the inside of brick wall, is provided with film wall curtain at the top of brick wall, before sunshade, Ventilating opening is formed between both ends and frame afterwards, film wall curtain refers to one layer of plastics heavy curtain, and frame is provided with rotating shaft, and film wall curtain is received In rotating shaft, rotating shaft couples volume with servomotor, drives rotating shaft to wind film wall curtain by servomotor.

Microbe leaven in the present invention is VT1000 microbial inoculums（Compost is special）, main component：Lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, More than the ten kinds of flora such as filamentous fungi, actinomyces, has that Compound Degree is high, producing enzyme function is strong, degradation speed is fast, the work(such as easy to use Effect, is provided by Beijing Voto Sky ＆ Land Biotech Co., Ltd..

Preferably, in the step 5, to ensure earthworm normal growth and breeding, spring, autumn the top in steelframe booth it is logical Cross water supply spray to squirt pile shape substrate material, once, summer high temperature weather 5~6 o'clock of every afternoon spills for watering in 3~5 days Once, impulse force wants small and uniform during watering for phreatic water or water at low temperature, while the film wall curtain for raising steelframe booth surrounding is logical with profit Wind is taken a breath and cooling, opens ceilings spray watering at 3 points in 11 points~afternoon every morning, by pile shape substrate material temperature drop to 28 DEG C with Under；Winter puts down the film wall curtain of steelframe booth surrounding, with inch mulching straw or the curtain of straw braiding with heat-insulating and cold, by pile Shape substrate material temperature control is more than 12 DEG C.

Preferably, vibratory sieve includes the screen box of a cuboid being inclined to set, the bottom plate of screen box in the step 6 On be provided with screen cloth, screen box bottom is arranged on pillar by spring, and charging aperture is provided with the top of the high-end place of screen box, screen box Lower end is provided with discharging opening, and vibrating motor is provided with screen box, and LED floodlight, the lamp holder of LED floodlight are provided with pillar Towards screen cloth.The English name of LED floodlight is LED flood work light, and its implication refers to can be to all the winds equal The spot light of even irradiation, its range of exposures can be adjusted arbitrarily, show as the diagram of a regular octahedron in the scene.

Preferably, the charging aperture of the screen box in the step 6 is higher than discharging opening 35 centimetres, edge between charging aperture and discharging opening The spacing of horizontal direction is 4.5 meters.

Preferably, the herbal tea slag in the step 1 is mixed by the raw material of following weight proportion：

The parts by weight of honeysuckle 6, the parts by weight of mulberry leaf 6, the parts by weight of celestial grass 6, the parts by weight of Cotton Herba Artemisiae Scopariae 6, the parts by weight of Radix Isatidis 6；Or

The parts by weight of chrysanthemum 7, the parts by weight of flower of kudzuvine 7, the parts by weight of Canton love-pea vine 7, the parts by weight of Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 7, the parts by weight of desmodium 7；Or

The parts by weight of common bombax flower 8, the parts by weight of frangipanis 8, the parts by weight of lotus leaf 8, the parts by weight of selfheal 8, the parts by weight of dandelion 8.

Earthworm can easily be separated and be put into circulation prepared by organic fertilizer by the present invention from organic fertilizer to be made With.

The present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art：

1st, the activity characteristic of organic waste is decomposed in employing worm phagocytosis, effectively solves what organic waste polluted to bad border Meanwhile take the lead in obtaining sufficient earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum and its derivative compounding ecological organic fertilier proportion optimizing by large factory cultivation Etc. key technology.

2nd, the characteristic to be kept in dark place using earthworm, spy installs high-power LED floodlight in the middle part of screen cloth lower supporting rod intersects direct projection sieve Net, earthworm meet Qiang Guanghui retract rapidly dark feed in, effectively prevent and control the less earthworm of build to pierce screen cloth Under, reach and precisely improve separation rate effect.

3rd, employing worm is afraid of the weakness shaken, and earthworm is liked living in quiet environment, is most afraid of vibrations.Vibrate and startle meeting Earthworm is set to be rolled into one, seek an opportunity escape.The bodily form can shorten and loose after earthworm crinkle, be not easy to fall into or creep under screen cloth, Effectively improve separation and Extraction rate.

4th, the charging aperture of screen box is vertically higher than discharging opening 35 centimetres, and the spacing between charging aperture and discharging opening is 4.5 meters, good condition is provided for induction earthworm escape.Under the effect of vibration of vibratory sieve, on screen cloth earthworm can automatically with Slided naturally from height toward lower with vibration screen, so as to obtain more preferably separation and Extraction effect.

5th, at present, Normal practice is to launch cultivation to arable land rural area, this stocking method earthworm to free formula into age earthworm Earthworm viablity is low, complex operation and cost is higher.The present invention is by the method for conventional application of organic fertilizers, and earthworm ovum is directly entered Hatch naturally in agricultural land soil, constantly get into the cave and gulp down in length and breadth native defecation in arable soil after earthworm growth, change soil Physicochemical property, makes that hardened dead soil becomes loose porous, venting and water permeable, soil moisture conservation is fertile and can promote crop root growth, Reach both can Till-free, can increase soil fertility again, save labour, save the energy, improve the effect of quality and yield.

6th, the inventive method design operation is simple, and large-scale production investment is small, and product is multi-functional, and application effect is notable, pole Have innovative He Xin Ka-Wing.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the process chart of preparation method of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the front view of vibratory sieve used in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the left view of vibratory sieve in Fig. 2.

Embodiment：

Concrete technical scheme of the invention described further below, in order to which those skilled in the art is further understood that this hair It is bright, without forming the limitation to its right.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the vibratory sieve in following embodiment includes the length being inclined to set with horizontal direction The screen box 4 of cube shape, screen cloth is provided with the bottom plate of screen box 4, the bottom of screen box 4 is arranged on pillar 1 by spring 3, screen box 4 Charging aperture 5 is provided with the top of high-end place, the lower end of screen box 4 is provided with discharging opening 6, vibrating motor 7 is provided with screen box 4, branch LED floodlight 2 is installed, the lamp holder of LED floodlight 2 is towards screen cloth, so that its light beam directive screen cloth on post 1.Screen box 4 and water Square to inclination angle be 4.5 degree.4 long 4.5m of screen box, wide 1.2m, the high 2.35m of charging aperture, the high 2m of discharging opening, 4 high bottom of screen box difference 35cm, screen cloth pore diameter 3.5mm；It is thick after the particle diameter ＜ 3.5mm sub-sieves of fines after vibratory sieve carries out sub-sieve The particle diameter ＞ 3.5mm of material.

The effect of LED floodlight in the present invention is this hair to prevent and controlling the less earthworm of build to pierce under screen cloth Bright to take two high-power LED floodlights of installation in the middle part of screen cloth lower supporting rod, light intersects direct projection screen cloth, and earthworm meets strong light meeting It is rapid to retract in dark feed heap.

The charging aperture 5 of screen box 4 is vertically than 6 high 35 centimetres of discharging opening, the spacing between charging aperture 5 and discharging opening 6 For 4.5 meters, good condition is provided for induction earthworm escape.

Embodiment 1：

The preparation method of a kind of earthworm excrement+earthworm ovum and its derivative organic fertilizer, its step are as follows：

Step 1, raw material choice：

50 kilograms of cow dung or sheep manure, 30 kilograms of herbal tea slag（Including 6 kilograms of honeysuckle, 6 kilograms of mulberry leaf, 6 kilograms of celestial grass, Cotton Herba Artemisiae Scopariae 6 Kilogram, 6 kilograms of Radix Isatidis）, 20 kilograms of mushroom slag, 0.12 kilogram of microbe leaven.

Earthworm is chosen seeds：

Eisenia Foetida, scientific name Eisenia foetida (Savigny, 1826).

Step 2, pretreatment of raw material：

Herbal tea slag, mushroom residue material are first broken into 0.1~0.3cm granular, complete pretreatment；

Step 3, raw material proportioning mixes：

The herbal tea slag pre-processed, mushroom residue material and cattle and sheep excrement input pan mixer are mixed, connect during stirring Enter microbe leaven, stirred 3~5 minutes per batch.The pH value for adjusting mixed material is 6.5, carbon-nitrogen ratio 27:1, moisture Content is 52%, obtains mixed fermentation material；

Step 4, feed fermentation is handled：

Mixed fermentation material is transported to fermentation vat, 1.2~1.5m of compost height or so and carries out pond heap fermentation process, works as fermentation materials Temperature carries out first time turning when being raised to 45~50 DEG C, and later temperature carries out second of turning when being raised to 60~70 DEG C, later every Its turning is once；Pond heap fermentation process turns over Throwing processing after 15~20 days, into cooling, when organic fermentate is transferred to from high temperature in heap During to normal temperature, material fermentation processing is completed；Then vermiculture pond is quantitatively transferred to according to designed, residual organic substances material enters Enter to be aged the rotten processing of heap, be then transferred to warehouse storage, carry out being re-dubbed ecology after earthworm, earthworm excrement and earthworm ovum separation and Extraction organic Fertilizer.

Step 5, vermiculture is handled

Earthworm is inoculated with steelframe booth, the top of the steelframe booth reaches more than 90% black shading covered with shading rate Net, the concrete floor in steelframe booth form vermiculture pond, and the surrounding of steelframe booth is provided with the movable wall being made up of film Curtain, the plastic sheeting heavy curtain that movable wall curtain refers to wind and vertically pulled down；Mixed once fermentation material is transferred into earthworm to support After growing pond, bottom of pond layer first lays the chopping straw of a 10~15cm of floor height, and fermentation material regulation moisture is 50~60%, pH value 6~7 , the organic substrate between 15~30 DEG C of temperature, 20m every long, wide 10m, high 0.3~0.5m bar pile is piled on straw layer Type earthworm life substrate material, every pile are separated by 0.2m；The wide vacant lots of 0.2~0.3m are reserved among laying bar pile type substrate material to throw Age Eisenia Foetida is put into, input amount is 2~2.5 ㎏/㎡, because earthworm keeps in dark place, matrix can be gradually pierced after spending 15~20 minutes Eaten in heap, then cover the black shading net of shading rate 90% again.

Because feed is that flour and moisture content are higher, hardened and earthworm expiratory dyspnea is easily caused, to keep feed to dredge The ventilated condition of pine, the too high effect that earthworm is fed with the excessively decomposed influence of feed of ammonia nitrogen concentration in Vermicomposting is avoided, often Loose once using creeper every 3~5 days, action lightly will avoid damage to earthworm as far as possible during operation, in order to avoid influence earthworm excrement and earthworm ovum Yield.

Earthworm spawning optimal external condition be：15~25 DEG C of temperature, then spawning significantly reduces or stopped production more than 35 DEG C degree； To ensure earthworm normal growth and breeding, supply water spray for top in spring, autumn unlatching canopy, sprinkles water once within 3~5 days, summer high temperature Weather 5 o'clock of every afternoon spills phreatic water or water at low temperature once, and impulse force wants small and uniform during watering, while raises greenhouse surrounding Film wall curtain 11 points~afternoon of every morning, 3 points of unlatching ceiling spray waterings, is striven feed temperature with sharp ventilation and cooling Degree is dropped within 28 DEG C；Winter puts down the film wall curtain of surrounding, the curtain woven with inch mulching straw or straw with heat-insulating and cold, As far as possible feed temperature control more than 12 DEG C.

Step 6, the screening deduction of earthworm, earthworm excrement and earthworm ovum

Research finds earthworm category hermaphroditic, but palpus allogamy could be bred, sexually matured earthworm（There is fertility ring） Each laid eggs after mating one week, but Clutch frequency and humidity, temperature etc. there are much relations.When temperature=18 DEG C~25 DEG C, humidity 35%~45%, when ventilation condition is good, just spawning one in general 3~5 days；When temperature is higher than 35 DEG C or less than 12 DEG C, laying Amount significantly reduces.

The egg follicle i.e. ant cocoon discharged in the backward soil of earthworm mating, like grain of rice size, 2~3 millimeters of diameter, the milli of weight 20~35 Gram, mostly spherical, oval, pyriform or wheat shape etc., earthworm can hatch 2~8 young earthworms, more up to 20.Produce per year 20 pieces with On, for up to 79 pieces of earthworm cocoons, average every earthworm produces 1 piece of earthworm cocoon in every 5 days, every 2~3 days can as feed is abundant, nutrition is enough Produce 1 piece of earthworm cocoon.

Earthworm cocoon hatching preference temperature is 18 DEG C~25 DEG C, and general brooding time short about 20~30 days or so, incubation rate is high, just The thin white such as line of young earthworm hatched, grows through the raising of 40~50 days and reaches sexal maturity, the peak period 8 months or so of earthworm breeding, and 1 Senesce death after~1.5 years.

Research also found that earthworm prevents the same hall of grandparent and grandchild, inbred.Ovum is typically originated in earthworm excrement or remaining feed by earthworm In, artificial is difficult that egg follicle and earthworm excrement, residual feed are separated, and it is typically that earthworm excrement and residual feed are collected together to collect egg follicle, Individually it is placed on empty bed and allows egg hatching, is put together hatching with a batch of egg follicle, it is impossible to which the egg follicle of different batches is mixed in one Rise.

Inventor gropes during Eisenia Foetida is cultivated by practice for many years, and having grasped earthworm phagocytosis decomposition has The activity characteristic of machine discarded object, by biological chemistry action in the mechanical abrasive action and enteron aisle of gizzard carry out decomposition and inversion with And defecation, ovulation, the rule of earthworm egg hatching；Calculated according to eat time and the quantity of organic materials of Eisenia Foetida, control is most It is good to collect the time to feed 10 days cycles every time be a batch.Forklift is used when collecting by earthworm, earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum in vermiculture pond It is transferred to remaining decomposed compound in pre-prepd storage bin hopper, is then transferred to the extraction of linear vibrating screen sub-sieve through conveyer belt, It is earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum and remaining decomposed mixing fines under vibratory sieve, is transferred to disk mixer through conveyer belt and is mixed with humus organic material material Stirring is closed, wormcast, earthworm ovum and remaining decomposed material addition are re-dubbed ecological organic fertilier for 20%.Then, by the upper remaining earthworm of sieve Earthworm and remaining decomposed mixing coarse fodder are launched through conveyer belt and arrive vermiculture pond, give new matrix feed and continue to feed, while basis The peak period of earthworm breeding and aging death, launch in good time into age earthworm, to accelerate to swallow organic materials, effectively improve earthworm Excrement and earthworm ovum yield.

Embodiment 2：

Step 1, raw material choice：

45 kilograms of cow dung or sheep manure, 35 kilograms of herbal tea slag（Including 7 kilograms of chrysanthemum, 7 kilograms of flower of kudzuvine, 7 kilograms of Canton love-pea vine, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 7 Kilogram, 7 kilograms of desmodium）, 20 kilograms of corncob, 0.15 kilogram of microbe leaven.

Earthworm is chosen seeds：

Eisenia Foetida, scientific name Eisenia foetida (Savigny, 1826).

Step 2, pretreatment of raw material：

Herbal tea slag, corn core material are first broken into 0.1~0.3cm granular, complete pretreatment；

Step 3, raw material proportioning mixes：

The herbal tea slag pre-processed, corn core material and cattle and sheep excrement input pan mixer are mixed, during stirring Microbe leaven is accessed, is stirred 4 minutes per batch.The pH value for adjusting mixed material is 6.8, carbon-nitrogen ratio 29:1, moisture Content is 57%, obtains mixed fermentation material；

Step 4, feed fermentation is handled：

Mixed fermentation material is transported to fermentation vat, 1.2~1.5m of compost height or so and carries out pond heap fermentation process, works as fermentation materials Temperature carries out first time turning when being raised to 45~50 DEG C, and later temperature carries out second of turning when being raised to 60~70 DEG C, later every Its turning is once；Pond heap fermentation process turns over Throwing processing after 15~20 days, into cooling, when organic fermentate is transferred to from high temperature in heap During to normal temperature, material fermentation processing is completed；Then vermiculture pond is quantitatively transferred to according to designed, residual organic substances material enters Enter to be aged the rotten processing of heap, be then transferred to warehouse storage, carry out being re-dubbed ecology after earthworm, earthworm excrement and earthworm ovum separation and Extraction organic Fertilizer.

Step 5, vermiculture is handled

After mixed once fermentation material is transferred into vermiculture pond, bottom of pond layer first lays the chopping straw of a 10~15cm of floor height, Fermentation material regulation moisture is 50~60%, pH value 6~7, the organic substrate between 15~30 DEG C of temperature, is piled on straw layer 20m every long, wide 10m, high 0.3~0.5m bar pile type earthworm life substrate material, every pile are separated by 0.2m；In laying bar pile type Vacant lot wide reserved 0.2~0.3m is launched into age Eisenia Foetida among substrate material, and input amount is 2~2.5 ㎏/㎡, because of earthworm Keep in dark place, can gradually pierce in matrix heap and eat after spending 15~20 minutes, then cover the black shading net of shading rate 90% again.

Because feed is that flour and moisture content are higher, hardened and earthworm expiratory dyspnea is easily caused, to keep feed to dredge The ventilated condition of pine, the too high effect that earthworm is fed with the excessively decomposed influence of feed of ammonia nitrogen concentration in Vermicomposting is avoided, often Loose once using creeper every 3~5 days, action lightly will avoid damage to earthworm as far as possible during operation, in order to avoid influence earthworm excrement and earthworm ovum Yield.

Earthworm spawning optimal external condition be：15~25 DEG C of temperature, then spawning significantly reduces or stopped production more than 35 DEG C degree； To ensure earthworm normal growth and breeding, supply water spray for top in spring, autumn unlatching canopy, sprinkles water once within 3~5 days, summer high temperature Weather every afternoon 5.30, clock spilt phreatic water or water at low temperature once, and impulse force wants small and uniform during watering, while raises greenhouse surrounding Film wall curtain with sharp ventilation and cooling, at 3 points in 11 points~afternoon every morning opens ceilings spray watering, strives feed Temperature is dropped within 28 DEG C；Winter puts down the film wall curtain of surrounding, and the curtain woven with inch mulching straw or straw is anti-to be incubated It is cold, as far as possible feed temperature control more than 12 DEG C.

Step 6, the screening deduction of earthworm, earthworm excrement and earthworm ovum

Research finds earthworm category hermaphroditic, but palpus allogamy could be bred, sexually matured earthworm（There is fertility ring） Each laid eggs after mating one week, but Clutch frequency and humidity, temperature etc. there are much relations.When temperature=18 DEG C~25 DEG C, humidity 35%~45%, when ventilation condition is good, just spawning one in general 3~5 days；When temperature is higher than 35 DEG C or less than 12 DEG C, laying Amount significantly reduces.

The egg follicle i.e. ant cocoon discharged in the backward soil of earthworm mating, like grain of rice size, 2~3 millimeters of diameter, the milli of weight 20~35 Gram, mostly spherical, oval, pyriform or wheat shape etc., earthworm can hatch 2~8 young earthworms, more up to 20.Produce per year 20 pieces with On, for up to 79 pieces of earthworm cocoons, average every earthworm produces 1 piece of earthworm cocoon in every 5 days, every 2~3 days can as feed is abundant, nutrition is enough Produce 1 piece of earthworm cocoon.

Earthworm cocoon hatching preference temperature is 18 DEG C~25 DEG C, and general brooding time short about 20~30 days or so, incubation rate is high, just The thin white such as line of young earthworm hatched, grows through the raising of 40~50 days and reaches sexal maturity, the peak period 8 months or so of earthworm breeding, and 1 Senesce death after~1.5 years.

Research also found that earthworm prevents the same hall of grandparent and grandchild, inbred.Ovum is typically originated in earthworm excrement or remaining feed by earthworm In, artificial is difficult that egg follicle and earthworm excrement, residual feed are separated, and it is typically that earthworm excrement and residual feed are collected together to collect egg follicle, Individually it is placed on empty bed and allows egg hatching, is put together hatching with a batch of egg follicle, it is impossible to which the egg follicle of different batches is mixed in one Rise.

Inventor gropes during Eisenia Foetida is cultivated by practice for many years, and having grasped earthworm phagocytosis decomposition has The activity characteristic of machine discarded object, by biological chemistry action in the mechanical abrasive action and enteron aisle of gizzard carry out decomposition and inversion with And defecation, ovulation, the rule of earthworm egg hatching；Calculated according to eat time and the quantity of organic materials of Eisenia Foetida, control is most It is good to collect the time to feed 11 days cycles every time be a batch.Forklift is used when collecting by earthworm, earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum in vermiculture pond It is transferred to remaining decomposed compound in pre-prepd storage bin hopper, is then transferred to the extraction of linear vibrating screen sub-sieve through conveyer belt, It is earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum and remaining decomposed mixing fines under vibratory sieve, is transferred to disk mixer through conveyer belt and is mixed with humus organic material material Stirring is closed, wormcast, earthworm ovum and remaining decomposed material addition are re-dubbed ecological organic fertilier for 25%.Then, by the upper remaining earthworm of sieve Earthworm and remaining decomposed mixing coarse fodder are launched through conveyer belt and arrive vermiculture pond, give new matrix feed and continue to feed, while basis The peak period of earthworm breeding and aging death, launch in good time into age earthworm, to accelerate to swallow organic materials, effectively improve earthworm Excrement and earthworm ovum yield.

Embodiment 3：

Step 1, raw material choice：

40 kilograms of cow dung or sheep manure, 40 kilograms of herbal tea slag（It is withered including 8 kilograms of common bombax flower, 8 kilograms of frangipanis, 8 kilograms of lotus leaf, summer Careless 8 kilograms, 8 kilograms of dandelion）, 20 kilograms of dregs of beans, 0.10 kilogram of microbe leaven.

Earthworm is chosen seeds：

Eisenia Foetida, scientific name Eisenia foetida (Savigny, 1826).

Step 2, pretreatment of raw material：

Herbal tea slag, dregs of beans material are first broken into 0.1~0.3cm granular, complete pretreatment；

Step 3, raw material proportioning mixes：

The herbal tea slag pre-processed, mushroom slag, corncob, dregs of beans material and cattle and sheep excrement input pan mixer are carried out into mixing to stir Mix, access microbe leaven during stirring, stirred 5 minutes per batch.The pH value for adjusting mixed material is 7.0, carbon-nitrogen ratio 31: 1, the content of moisture is 62%, obtains mixed fermentation material；

Step 4, feed fermentation is handled：

Mixed fermentation material is transported to fermentation vat, 1.2~1.5m of compost height or so and carries out pond heap fermentation process, works as fermentation materials Temperature carries out first time turning when being raised to 45~50 DEG C, and later temperature carries out second of turning when being raised to 60~70 DEG C, later every Its turning is once；Pond heap fermentation process turns over Throwing processing after 15~20 days, into cooling, when organic fermentate is transferred to from high temperature in heap During to normal temperature, material fermentation processing is completed；Then vermiculture pond is quantitatively transferred to according to designed, residual organic substances material enters Enter to be aged the rotten processing of heap, be then transferred to warehouse storage, carry out being re-dubbed ecology after earthworm, earthworm excrement and earthworm ovum separation and Extraction organic Fertilizer.

Step 5, vermiculture is handled

After mixed once fermentation material is transferred into vermiculture pond, bottom of pond layer first lays the chopping straw of a 10~15cm of floor height, Fermentation material regulation moisture is 50~60%, pH value 6~7, the organic substrate between 15~30 DEG C of temperature, is piled on straw layer 20m every long, wide 10m, high 0.3~0.5m bar pile type earthworm life substrate material, every pile are separated by 0.2m；In laying bar pile type Vacant lot wide reserved 0.2~0.3m is launched into age Eisenia Foetida among substrate material, and input amount is 2~2.5 ㎏/㎡, because of earthworm Keep in dark place, can gradually pierce in matrix heap and eat after spending 15~20 minutes, then cover the black shading net of shading rate 90% again.

Because feed is that flour and moisture content are higher, hardened and earthworm expiratory dyspnea is easily caused, to keep feed to dredge The ventilated condition of pine, the too high effect that earthworm is fed with the excessively decomposed influence of feed of ammonia nitrogen concentration in Vermicomposting is avoided, often Loose once using creeper every 3~5 days, action lightly will avoid damage to earthworm as far as possible during operation, in order to avoid influence earthworm excrement and earthworm earthworm The yield of ovum.

Earthworm spawning optimal external condition be：15~25 DEG C of temperature, then spawning significantly reduces or stopped production more than 35 DEG C degree； To ensure earthworm normal growth and breeding, supply water spray for top in spring, autumn unlatching canopy, sprinkles water once within 3~5 days, summer high temperature Weather 6 o'clock of every afternoon spills phreatic water or water at low temperature once, and impulse force wants small and uniform during watering, while raises greenhouse surrounding Film wall curtain 11 points~afternoon of every morning, 3 points of unlatching ceiling spray waterings, is striven feed temperature with sharp ventilation and cooling Degree is dropped within 28 DEG C；Winter puts down the film wall curtain of surrounding, the curtain woven with inch mulching straw or straw with heat-insulating and cold, As far as possible feed temperature control more than 12 DEG C.

Step 6, the screening deduction of earthworm, earthworm excrement and earthworm ovum

Research finds earthworm category hermaphroditic, but palpus allogamy could be bred, sexually matured earthworm（There is fertility ring） Each laid eggs after mating one week, but Clutch frequency and humidity, temperature etc. there are much relations.When temperature=18 DEG C~25 DEG C, humidity 35%~45%, when ventilation condition is good, just spawning one in general 3~5 days；When temperature is higher than 35 DEG C or less than 12 DEG C, laying Amount significantly reduces.

The egg follicle i.e. ant cocoon discharged in the backward soil of earthworm mating, like grain of rice size, 2~3 millimeters of diameter, the milli of weight 20~35 Gram, mostly spherical, oval, pyriform or wheat shape etc., earthworm can hatch 2~8 young earthworms, more up to 20.Produce per year 20 pieces with On, for up to 79 pieces of earthworm cocoons, average every earthworm produces 1 piece of earthworm cocoon in every 5 days, every 2~3 days can as feed is abundant, nutrition is enough Produce 1 piece of earthworm cocoon.

Earthworm cocoon hatching preference temperature is 18 DEG C~25 DEG C, and general brooding time short about 20~30 days or so, incubation rate is high, just The thin white such as line of young earthworm hatched, grows through the raising of 40~50 days and reaches sexal maturity, the peak period 8 months or so of earthworm breeding, and 1 Senesce death after~1.5 years.

Research also found that earthworm prevents the same hall of grandparent and grandchild, inbred.Ovum is typically originated in earthworm excrement or remaining feed by earthworm In, artificial is difficult that egg follicle and earthworm excrement, residual feed are separated, and it is typically that earthworm excrement and residual feed are collected together to collect egg follicle, Individually it is placed on empty bed and allows egg hatching, is put together hatching with a batch of egg follicle, it is impossible to which the egg follicle of different batches is mixed in one Rise.

Inventor gropes during Eisenia Foetida is cultivated by practice for many years, and having grasped earthworm phagocytosis decomposition has The activity characteristic of machine discarded object, by biological chemistry action in the mechanical abrasive action and enteron aisle of gizzard carry out decomposition and inversion with And defecation, ovulation, the rule of earthworm egg hatching；The time of organic materials is swallowed according to Eisenia Foetida and quantity calculates, control is most It is good to collect the time to feed 12 days cycles every time be a batch.Forklift is used when collecting by earthworm, earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum in vermiculture pond It is transferred to remaining decomposed compound in pre-prepd storage bin hopper, is then transferred to the extraction of linear vibrating screen sub-sieve through conveyer belt, It is earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum and remaining decomposed mixing fines under vibratory sieve, is transferred to disk mixer through conveyer belt and is mixed with humus organic material material Stirring is closed, wormcast, earthworm ovum and remaining decomposed material addition are re-dubbed ecological organic fertilier for 30%.Then, by the upper remaining earthworm of sieve Earthworm and remaining decomposed mixing coarse fodder are launched through conveyer belt and arrive vermiculture pond, give new matrix feed and continue to feed, while basis The peak period of earthworm breeding and aging death, launch in good time into age earthworm, to accelerate to swallow organic materials, effectively improve earthworm Excrement and earthworm ovum yield.

Claims (5)

1. using earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum as the earthworm derivative preparation method of organic fertilizer of raw material, comprise the following steps：

Step 1, raw material is chosen：

Mixture more than one or both of raw material of following weight proportion is chosen, as organic materials：

Herbal tea slag 30-40 parts by weight, mushroom slag 15-20 parts by weight, corncob 15-20 parts by weight, dregs of beans 10-20 parts by weight, micro- life Thing leavening 0.1-0.15 parts by weight；

The herbal tea slag refers to prepare the residue obtained after herbal tea, that is, the raw material for preparing herbal tea are carried by decocting cooking method After taking active ingredient, the residue obtained by mechanical dehydration；

The mushroom slag be when being packed in bag substrate culture asparagus, harvest asparagus after in culture bag remaining matrix residue；

Step 2, raw material is crushed：

Above-mentioned organic materials is broken into 0.1~0.3cm granular, obtains pretreated feedstock；

Step 3, fermentation raw material is prepared：

The sheep manure of the cow dung or 40~50 parts by weight of pretreated feedstock and 40~50 parts by weight is just put into pan mixer to carry out Mix, the microbe leaven of 0.1~0.15 parts by weight is accessed during stirring, stirred 3~5 minutes per batch, regulation mixing The pH value of raw material is 6.5~7.5, and carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25~31:1, the content of moisture is 48~58%, obtains fermentation raw material；

Step 4, fermentation process：

Fermentation raw material is transferred to fermentation vat, height is piled and carries out fermentation process for 1.2~1.5 meters of Chi Dui, work as fermentation raw material Temperature carries out first time turning when being raised to 45~50 DEG C, and later temperature carries out second of turning when being raised to 60~70 DEG C, later every Its turning is once；

Pond heap fermentation process turns over Throwing processing after 15~20 days, into cooling, when the temperature of the material in fermentation vat drops to normal temperature, and And material in it is soft it is not viscous, without acid smell when complete fermentation process, obtain tunning；

Step 5, earthworm is launched：

Earthworm is launched in steelframe booth, the top of the steelframe booth reaches more than 90% black shading covered with shading rate Net, the concrete floor in steelframe booth form vermiculture pond, and the surrounding of steelframe booth is provided with the movable wall being made up of film Curtain；The chopping straw of a 10~15cm of floor height is laid before dispensing earthworm in vermiculture pond, then takes tunning to straw Some pile shape substrate materials are piled on layer, are launched on the straw layer of the interval between adjacent bar pile shape substrate material red into age Son love victory earthworm, throw-in density are that every cubic metre of bar pile shape substrate material launches 1.5~2.0 kilograms of Eisenia Foetida, make compatriot Love victory earthworm crawls on bar pile shape substrate material naturally；The loose bar pile shape substrate material of creeper was used every 3~5 days once, behaviour later Action lightly will avoid damage to earthworm as far as possible when making, in order to avoid influence the yield of earthworm excrement and earthworm earthworm ovum；

Step 6, the screening deduction of earthworm, earthworm excrement and earthworm ovum：

After launching into age Eisenia Foetida 10~12 days, using forklift by bar pile shape substrate material, earthworm, the earthworm in vermiculture pond Excrement and earthworm ovum are transferred in storage bin hopper, and being then transferred to linear vibrating screen by conveyer belt carries out sub-sieve extraction, under vibratory sieve To the mixing fines formed with earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum and remaining decomposed fines, will mixing fines through conveyer belt be transferred to disk mixer and The tunning that step 4 obtains is by 20~30：100 weight proportion is mixed, and it is organic that earthworm derivative is prepared Fertilizer；Remaining earthworm on vibratory sieve is returned in step 5 as the earthworm of inoculation and subsequent step.

2. according to claim 1 using earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum as the earthworm derivative preparation method of organic fertilizer of raw material, its feature exists In：

In the step 5, to ensure earthworm normal growth and breeding, spring, autumn the top in steelframe booth pass through the spray that supplies water Pile shape substrate material is squirted, once, summer high temperature weather 5~6 o'clock of every afternoon spills phreatic water or low for watering in 3~5 days Once, impulse force wants small and uniform to warm water during watering, while raises the film wall curtain of steelframe booth surrounding with sharp ventilation and drop Temperature, 11 points~afternoon of every morning, 3 points of unlatching ceiling spray waterings, less than 28 DEG C are dropped to by pile shape substrate material temperature；Winter puts The film wall curtain of lower steelframe booth surrounding, with inch mulching straw or the curtain of straw braiding with heat-insulating and cold, by pile shape substrate material Temperature control is more than 12 DEG C.

3. according to claim 1 using earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum as the earthworm derivative preparation method of organic fertilizer of raw material, its feature exists In：

Vibratory sieve includes the screen box of a cuboid being inclined to set in the step 6（4）, screen box（4）Bottom plate on set It is equipped with screen cloth, screen box（4）Bottom passes through spring（3）Installed in pillar（1）On, screen box（4）High-end place at the top of be provided with charging Mouthful（5）, screen box（4）Lower end be provided with discharging opening（6）, screen box（4）On vibrating motor is installed（7）, pillar（1）Upper installation There is LED floodlight（2）, LED floodlight（2）Lamp holder towards screen cloth.

4. according to claim 3 using earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum as the earthworm derivative preparation method of organic fertilizer of raw material, its feature exists In：

Screen box in the step 6（4）Charging aperture（5）Compare discharging opening（6）It is high 35 centimetres, charging aperture（5）With discharging opening（6）It Between spacing in the horizontal direction be 4.5 meters.

5. according to claim 1 using earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum as the earthworm derivative preparation method of organic fertilizer of raw material, its feature exists In：

Herbal tea slag in the step 1 is mixed by the raw material of following weight proportion：

The parts by weight of honeysuckle 6, the parts by weight of mulberry leaf 6, the parts by weight of celestial grass 6, the parts by weight of Cotton Herba Artemisiae Scopariae 6, the parts by weight of Radix Isatidis 6；Or

The parts by weight of chrysanthemum 7, the parts by weight of flower of kudzuvine 7, the parts by weight of Canton love-pea vine 7, the parts by weight of Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 7, the parts by weight of desmodium 7；Or

The parts by weight of common bombax flower 8, the parts by weight of frangipanis 8, the parts by weight of lotus leaf 8, the parts by weight of selfheal 8, the parts by weight of dandelion 8.