CN106615639A - Earthworm culture medium and preparation method thereof and earthworm culture method - Google Patents
Earthworm culture medium and preparation method thereof and earthworm culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106615639A CN106615639A CN201610824713.9A CN201610824713A CN106615639A CN 106615639 A CN106615639 A CN 106615639A CN 201610824713 A CN201610824713 A CN 201610824713A CN 106615639 A CN106615639 A CN 106615639A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of earthworm culture, in particular to an earthworm culture medium and a preparation method thereof and an earthworm culture method; by reasonably adjusting the formulation of the earthworm culture medium in connection with the limitation on the steps and parameters of a preparation method of the culture medium as well as the treatment in the culturing process, the nutrition of earthworm is enriched, growth speed of earthworm is increased, and earthworm yield is increased; the culture medium is prepared by using Chinese herbal residue, straws, edible mushroom residue and distillers' grains, wastes are massively utilized, waste treatment cost is reduced, and earthworm culturing cost is reduced; the operational process is simple and is easy to implement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vermiculture technical field, particularly with regard to the Chinese medicine slag, wine that adopt during breeding earthworm
The compositions such as grain, agricultural crop straw, edible fungi residues are the matrix of raw material, and are also related to using the method for the matrix breeding earthworm
With the preparation method of the matrix, method of the material after the matrix breeding earthworm is processed as fertilizer, and in particular to arrive
Be a kind of earthworm cultivation substratum and preparation method thereof and breeding earthworm method.
Background technology
Earthworm is commonly called as earthworm, and Chinese medicine claims earthworm, and cold in nature, taste is salty, with heat-clearing, ceases wind, relieving asthma, dredging collateral, diuresis.Modern medicine
Reason research also demonstrates that, earthworm truly have it is antipyretic, calm, anticonvulsion, relieving asthma, be depressured, flat liver, Zhichuan, various pharmacological effects such as dredging collateral；
High fanatical dry, convulsion, headache due to pathogenic wind-heat, hot eyes, the diseases such as phlegm heat, apoplexy, hemiplegia of panting are cured mainly, earthworm offer takes liquid to be had
Good determines the effect that cloperastine is breathed heavily.It is various medicinal containing Lumbrokinase, protease, earthworm fibrinolysin and Cobastab etc. in earthworm body
Composition.Its Lumbrokinase earthworm enzyme can effectively reduce blood viscosity, suppress platelet aggregation, promote unobstructed grade of blood flow to act on, to the heart
Angiosis, artery sclerosis, hypertension and high blood viscosity disease have preferable therapeutic effect.Based on this, earthworm is widely used in
In Chinese medicine preparation.
The feeding habits of earthworm are extensive, the spy that can secrete the wastes such as decomposing protein, fat, lumber fibre and food processing
Different enzyme, can promote these waste destruction digestion；Meanwhile, can also decompose digestion feces of livestock and poultry, crop waste product, Chinese medicine slag and rubbish
Rubbish.
In prior art, the cultural method research with regard to earthworm is more, especially the research of earthworm cultivation substratum, such as patent
The method of a kind of Chinese medicine slag breeding earthworm of Application No. 201310655471.1, with wormcast, Chinese medicine slag and corncob as original
Material, mixes after wormcast is diluted with water with the Chinese medicine slag, corncob crushed, adjusts the pH and moisture content of mixture；By Chinese medicine
Slag mixture uniform fold adds earthworm in Chinese medicine slag mixture in soil surface；The temperature of control Chinese medicine slag mixture
And moisture content, its temperature is reduced by turning when temperature is more than 35 DEG C, and keep humidity more than 50%；In the cultivation phase 1
During or so moon, appropriate adds Chinese medicine slag mixture, and to reach earthworm egg laying amount and the earthworm speed of growth are improved；For another example patent Shen
Please number for 201410456750.X a kind of vermiculture soil preparation method, with soil, feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straw, city
City's rubbish, Chinese medicine slag, accelerate the earthworm speed of growth, increase earthworm yield.For another example number of patent application is 201510611011.8
A kind of cultural method of earthworm, with pig manure, Chinese medicine slag, straw, marc etc. as raw material, and with reference to earthworm bedding it is paved,
Earthworm inoculation, daily management etc. so that earthworm quality is improved.
As fully visible, adopt Chinese medicine slag for raw material come breeding earthworm be those skilled in the art research emphasis direction, and
And with the fast development of modern traditional Chinese medicine cause, after the useful component in Chinese herbal medicine is extracted, it will produce millions of tons
Chinese herbal medicine leftover bits and pieces, and contain substantial amounts of nutriment in these Chinese herbal medicine leftover bits and pieces so that be raw material using it cultivating
Earthworm, not only causes substantial amounts of Chinese herbal medicine leftover bits and pieces to obtain good process, but also to provide in earthworm growth course
Substantial amounts of nutriment, promotes the fast-growth of earthworm, improves the yield of earthworm.
But, in traditional earthworm culture method, the matrix formulations that it is adopted are unreasonable, cause carbon-nitrogen ratio in matrix compared with
Difference so that when these raw materials are carried out into mixed fermentation preparation earthworm cultivation substratum, the synthetic ratio of its novel substance is poor, ferments not thorough
Bottom, or even can also mephitic phenomenon so that earthworm cultivation substratum inferior quality；In addition, prepared in earthworm matrix
Cheng Zhong, due to its material moisture control it is incorrect so that when moisture is higher or relatively low, its be easily caused fermentation it is not thorough
Bottom, in addition fermentation do not carry out；Cause the inferior quality of the earthworm cultivation substratum of acquisition.
The content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem present in prior art, the present invention provides a kind of earthworm cultivation substratum, and it is former
Material composition is in parts by weight Chinese medicine slag 45-55 parts, stalk 17-23 parts, edible fungi residues 12-17 parts, vinasse 12-17 parts.It is preferred that
Material composition is in parts by weight 50 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 20 parts of stalk, 15 parts of edible fungi residues, 15 parts of vinasse.By the proportion design,
Enable to the formula of matrix rationally, it is nutritious, and rational carbon-nitrogen ratio can be provided for sweat so that acquisition
The quality of earthworm cultivation substratum is more excellent, and accelerates the preparation speed of earthworm cultivation substratum, effectively facilitates vermiculture matrix
Quality improving so that the earthworm cultivation substratum of acquisition has a fragranced, reduces the venomous injurant in earthworm cultivation substratum.
The above-mentioned Chinese medicine slag for adopting is for mulberries, the red sage root, the fruit of Cherokee rose, dark plum, selfheal, great burdock achene, glaucescent fissistigma root, the root of large-flowered skullcap, purple
One or more Chinese medicine slag such as perillaseed, the root of herbaceous peony, pubeseent epimedium herb, Hu baldhead's leaf, the tuber of stemona, sealwort, radix pseudostellariae, motherwort, and the bark of eucommia
Hypertension pill, Lonicera and Forsythia piece, inflammation-diminishing and cough-controlling piece, Radix Isatidis granules, tablet of antelope's horn for common cold, houttuynia cordata thund chewable tablet, Six-element phalacrosis prevention and hair generation tincture, compound
Any one in the Chinese medicine slags such as purple bergenia herb plain piece, fleece-flower root long-life piece and its any mixture of component.Using edible fungi residues
Remaining residue after to cultivate edible mushroom, vinasse are the discarded objects that brewery ejects, and the agricultural crop straw of employing is preferentially from jade
Rice stalk, sugarcane stalk so that its for matrix quality improving while, can effectively guarantee that carbon-nitrogen ratio therein is reasonable,
Improve the quality of earthworm cultivation substratum.
On the other hand, the researcher of the invention can also carry out the material composition of above-mentioned formula after proportioning, sending to
Fertilizer preparation technology, its quality enabled in fertilizer is more excellent, and it is compound effectively to substitute part N P and K
Fertilizer, reduction proportion of crop planting fertilizer cost, and the growth of crops can be effectively promoted, improve yield.
In addition, the researcher of the invention additionally provides the preparation method of above-mentioned earthworm cultivation substratum, and it includes
Following steps：
(1) Chinese medicine slag moisture content is controlled for 50-70%, crushing；By crops stalk crushing；Edible fungi residues are crushed；
(2) by Chinese medicine slag, agricultural crop straw, edible fungi residues, vinasse mixing, adjustment moisture content is 50-70%, admixes fermentation
Bacterium, adjustment pH value is 6.5-7.5；Heap growth 4-8m, wide 1.5-2m, the pile of high 1-1.5m；
(3) control temperature in pile and, at 10-12 days, by 15 DEG C 70 DEG C are warmed up to, then processed with forklift turning, then be aged
Become thoroughly decomposed, treat that temperature dropped to 38-42 DEG C at 20-30 days, and it is invariable, obtain final product.
Under the premise of composition of raw materials is rational, it passes through the control of moisture content, and pH adjusts fermentation, and to fermentation time and
The control of temperature so that zymogenic activity is more excellent, enables to supporting in Chinese medicine slag, agricultural crop straw, edible fungi residues, vinasse
Divide and have an effect so that the new material of synthesis, improve the quality of earthworm cultivation substratum so that the earthworm cultivation substratum of preparation has
Fragranced, and color and luster is more excellent, tack-free and high resilience.
In the zymophyte of above-mentioned employing, its amount of admixing is the 1-5% for accounting for mixed material quality of material；Zymophyte is yeast
One kind or mixture in bacterium, cellulose-decomposing bacterium, thermophilic fungal, the saccharomycete, cellulose decomposition wherein in mixed process
Bacterium is more than thermophilic fungal, is 2 preferably in mass ratio:1:0.7.So that the organic matter in raw mixture material is quickly divided
Solution, discharges substantial amounts of energy, promotes the Rapid Fermentation of earthworm cultivation substratum, and and enable to the generation of novel substance, make
Obtain nutrition to be enriched, improve the quality of matrix.During pH value adjustment is carried out, quick lime is used, can not only be made
Heat sterilizing is obtained, but also energy can be provided for fermentation, accelerate moisture to reach suitable ratio and to provide calcium constituent in matrix,
Improve the quality of matrix.
The researcher of the invention especially during the fermentation, is become thoroughly decomposed place by fermentation calefaction speed and ageing
Reason so that the nutrient content in matrix is quickly improved, effectively raises the quality that earthworm chicken cultivates matrix, enriches
Nutrition, it is to avoid nutrient loss.The invention is aged place of becoming thoroughly decomposed preferably in ageing digest process in the ventilated environment of employing
Reason so that organic matter obtains becoming thoroughly decomposed for continuation, and can thoroughly kill parasitic ovum therein, fungi, bacterium etc., effectively
The quality that improve cultivation matrix so that the color and luster of cultivation matrix is more excellent, tack-free, be rich in bullet with strong fragranced
Property, effectively avoid yeast-bitten.
The earthworm cultivation substratum of above-mentioned acquisition is also used as fertilizer by still further aspect, this researcher, is carried out corn
Cultivation and pepper cultivation, and contrasted with fertilizer with fertilizer and capsicum with traditional corn, other management process all sames, its
Enabling to the pest and disease damage incidence of corn reduces by 2%, and 3%, and the nitrogen phosphorus of identical maize planting area are improved per per mu yield
Potassic fertilizer usage amount reduces by 15%；So that capsicum pest and disease damage incidence reduces by 5%, 4% is improved per per mu yield, per mu is used N P and K
The amount of composite fertilizer reduces 8%.
Furthermore, above-mentioned earthworm matrix formulations are carried out proportioning by this researcher, and are first crushed before proportioning, are ground into
Chinese medicine slag length is 1-3cm, and stalk 1-3cm length, edible fungi residues are ground into vinasse granularity mutually suitably, then after being prepared,
Adjustment moisture content is 50-70%, and after adding zymophyte, adjustment pH value is 6.5-7.5, and stacking ferments, and temperature is in 10-12 in pile
My god, it is warmed up to 70 DEG C by 15 DEG C, then processed with forklift turning, then be aged and become thoroughly decomposed, treat that temperature dropped to 38- at 20-30 days
42 DEG C, and it is invariable, obtain earthworm cultivation substratum；Cultivated according still further to following steps：
(1) earthworm cultivation substratum is added water material issuing so that humidity is 55-65%, and pH value is 6.5-7.3, is put into box for breeding
In, the specification of box for breeding is：Long 1m, wide 40cm, high 50cm, the amount of being put into is the half of box for breeding volume；
(2) earthworm 10-30 bars are thrown in in box for breeding, and is observed once every 2h, Continuous Observation 2-3 days, if only at night
Between have 2-5 bar earthworms to occur in earthworm cultivation substratum surface, then without earthworm escape, then thereto throw in 20-30 bar earthworms, control
Cultivation the temperature inside the box is 10-30 DEG C, and humidity is 50-65%, after culturing time reaches 30-50 days, earthworm is added thereto and is supported
Matrix is grown, additional amount is 1-1.5 times of quality of earthworm cultivation substratum loss amount in box for breeding；
(3) that what is waited for the coming year starts harvesting, and summer monthly harvests once, and spring and each first quarter moon of autumn are harvested once, are adopted
After the completion of receipts, earthworm cultivation substratum is added thereto, additional amount is 1-1.5 times of matter of earthworm cultivation substratum loss amount in box for breeding
Amount.
Processed by above-mentioned breeding process so that after 1-2 month, wherein containing substantial amounts of earthworm ovum, and the
Can realize within 2 years that every month summer harvests once, spring and fall each first quarter moon is harvested once, effectively improves earthworm life
Long speed, reduces earthworm growth cost, improves the yield of earthworm.
Moreover, the invention by the formula Reasonable adjustment to earthworm cultivation substratum, and is tied in Integral Thought
The restriction of processing step and parameter in the preparation method of conjunction cultivation matrix, in conjunction with the process of breeding process so that earthworm
Nutrient enrich, improve the earthworm speed of growth, improve earthworm yield, and by using Chinese medicine slag, stalk, edible mushroom
Slag, vinasse are that raw material prepares cultivation matrix so that in a large number using discarded object, reduce waste processing cost, reduce earthworm and support
Grow cost；And operating process is simple, it is easy to accomplish.
In addition, the researcher of the invention, also by breeding earthworm during, the material after harvesting is used as having
Machine fertilizer, for maize planting and capsicum, it can effectively reduce corn and capsicum pest and disease damage, improve the product of corn and capsicum
Amount.
As can be seen here, the invention is selected and utilized by the raw material to earthworm cultivation substratum so that vinasse, food
Coordinated with bacteria residue, stalk etc. and Chinese medicine slag so that carbon-nitrogen ratio is more excellent, can effectively guarantee to prepare earthworm cultivation substratum process
In, fermented quality is improved, improve earthworm cultivation substratum so that the matrix of acquisition can effectively improve earthworm egg laying amount, improve
Earthworm growth rate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is earthworm cultivation substratum product.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with specific embodiment further being limited technical scheme, but require
The scope of protection is not only limited to description.
Embodiment 1
A kind of earthworm cultivation substratum, its raw material is Chinese medicine slag 45kg, stalk 17kg, edible fungi residues 12kg, vinasse 12kg.
Using the earthworm cultivation substratum of the formula, it is prepared after process according to 201310655471.1 preparation method,
By its according to 201310655471.1 vermiculture, its result shows：The formula of the embodiment compares 201310655471.1
Vermiculture earthworm output increased 1.4%, earthworm egg laying amount improves 3%.
According to aforesaid operations, processed according to the method for 201410456750.X, and carried out vermiculture, it is compared
The earthworm egg laying amount of 201410456750.X improves 2.5%, output increased 0.8%.
According to aforesaid operations, processed according to 201510611011.8 method, it compares 201510611011.8
Earthworm egg laying amount improves 1.9%, output increased 0.7%.
By above-mentioned composition of raw materials, after directly mixing, it is after 30-50 DEG C of bottom fermentation is processed 20-30 days, to make to be placed in temperature
Grain, drying obtains fertilizer；The fertilizer is used for maize planting, capsicum, and it can significantly improve corn and yield of hot pepper, uses
In corn planting so that per mu of corn yield improves 1.1%, for pepper planting so that per mu of yield of hot pepper improves 0.8%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of earthworm cultivation substratum, its raw material is Chinese medicine slag 55kg, stalk 23kg, edible fungi residues 17kg, vinasse 17kg.
Using the earthworm cultivation substratum of the formula, it is prepared after process according to 201310655471.1 preparation method,
By its according to 201310655471.1 vermiculture, its result shows：The formula of the embodiment compares 201310655471.1
Vermiculture earthworm output increased 2.4%, earthworm egg laying amount improves 5%.
According to aforesaid operations, processed according to the method for 201410456750.X, and carried out vermiculture, it is compared
The earthworm egg laying amount of 201410456750.X improves 3.5%, output increased 1.3%.
According to aforesaid operations, processed according to 201510611011.8 method, it compares 201510611011.8
Earthworm egg laying amount improves 2.1%, output increased 1.1%.
By above-mentioned composition of raw materials, after directly mixing, it is after 30-50 DEG C of bottom fermentation is processed 20-30 days, to make to be placed in temperature
Grain, drying obtains fertilizer；The fertilizer is used for maize planting, capsicum, and it can significantly improve corn and yield of hot pepper, uses
In corn planting so that per mu of corn yield improves 0.9%, for pepper planting so that per mu of yield of hot pepper improves 1.3%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of earthworm cultivation substratum, its raw material is Chinese medicine slag 50kg, stalk 20kg, edible fungi residues 15kg, vinasse 15kg.
Using the earthworm cultivation substratum of the formula, it is prepared after process according to 201310655471.1 preparation method,
By its according to 201310655471.1 vermiculture, its result shows：The formula of the embodiment compares 201310655471.1
Vermiculture earthworm output increased 1.7%, earthworm egg laying amount improves 3.3%.
According to aforesaid operations, processed according to the method for 201410456750.X, and carried out vermiculture, it is compared
The earthworm egg laying amount of 201410456750.X improves 3.1%, output increased 1.5%.
According to aforesaid operations, processed according to 201510611011.8 method, it compares 201510611011.8
Earthworm egg laying amount improves 2.4%, output increased 1.8%.
By above-mentioned composition of raw materials, after directly mixing, it is after 30-50 DEG C of bottom fermentation is processed 20-30 days, to make to be placed in temperature
Grain, drying obtains fertilizer；The fertilizer is used for maize planting, capsicum, and it can significantly improve corn and yield of hot pepper, uses
In corn planting so that per mu of corn yield improves 1.5%, for pepper planting so that per mu of yield of hot pepper improves 2.1%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of earthworm cultivation substratum, follows the steps below：
(1) it is 60% to control Chinese medicine slag moisture content, is crushed；By crops stalk crushing；Edible fungi residues are crushed；
(2) by Chinese medicine slag 48kg, stalk 21kg, edible fungi residues 14kg, vinasse 13kg mixing, adjustment moisture content is 59%,
Zymophyte accounts for raw mixture material quality 1% is admixed, adjustment pH value is 7；Heap growth 5m, wide 1.8m, the pile of high 1.3m；
(3) control temperature in pile and, at 11 days, by 15 DEG C 70 DEG C are warmed up to, then processed with forklift turning, then be aged corruption
It is ripe, treat that temperature dropped to 40 DEG C at 25 days, and it is invariable, obtain final product.
In comparing embodiment 1, respectively according to 201310655471.1,201410456750.X, 201510611011.8
Processing method processed after as reference examples from the point of view of, in terms of egg laying amount and earthworm yield, egg laying amount at least improves for it
0.3%, earthworm yield at least improves 1.1%.
By the earthworm cultivation substratum of above-mentioned acquisition directly as fertilizer, for corn planting, corn per mu yield is enabled to
2.3% is improved, for pepper planting, capsicum per mu yield is enabled to and is improved 3.1%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of earthworm cultivation substratum, follows the steps below：
(1) it is 50% to control Chinese medicine slag moisture content, is crushed；By crops stalk crushing；Edible fungi residues are crushed；
(2) by Chinese medicine slag 52kg, stalk 18kg, edible fungi residues 16kg, vinasse 15kg mixing, adjustment moisture content is 50%,
Zymophyte accounts for raw mixture material quality 5% is admixed, adjustment pH value is 6.5；Heap growth 4m, wide 1.5m, the pile of high 1m；
(3) control temperature in pile and, at 10 days, by 15 DEG C 70 DEG C are warmed up to, then processed with forklift turning, then be aged corruption
It is ripe, treat that temperature dropped to 42 DEG C at 20 days, and it is invariable, obtain final product.
In comparing embodiment 1, respectively according to 201310655471.1,201410456750.X, 201510611011.8
Processing method processed after as reference examples from the point of view of, in terms of egg laying amount and earthworm yield, egg laying amount at least improves for it
0.8%, earthworm yield at least improves 0.7%.
By the earthworm cultivation substratum of above-mentioned acquisition directly as fertilizer, for corn planting, corn per mu yield is enabled to
3.1% is improved, for pepper planting, capsicum per mu yield is enabled to and is improved 2.5%.
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of earthworm cultivation substratum, follows the steps below：
(1) it is 70% to control Chinese medicine slag moisture content, is crushed；By crops stalk crushing；Edible fungi residues are crushed；
(2) by Chinese medicine slag 53kg, stalk 19kg, edible fungi residues 15kg, vinasse 17kg mixing, adjustment moisture content is 70%,
Zymophyte accounts for raw mixture material quality 3% is admixed, adjustment pH value is 7.5；Heap growth 8m, wide 2m, the pile of high 1.5m；
(3) control temperature in pile and, at 12 days, by 15 DEG C 70 DEG C are warmed up to, then processed with forklift turning, then be aged corruption
It is ripe, treat that temperature dropped to 38 DEG C at 30 days, and it is invariable, obtain final product.
In comparing embodiment 1, respectively according to 201310655471.1,201410456750.X, 201510611011.8
Processing method processed after as reference examples from the point of view of, in terms of egg laying amount and earthworm yield, egg laying amount at least improves for it
0.5%, earthworm yield at least improves 0.8%.
By the earthworm cultivation substratum of above-mentioned acquisition directly as fertilizer, for corn planting, corn per mu yield is enabled to
4.3% is improved, for pepper planting, capsicum per mu yield is enabled to and is improved 3.5%.
Embodiment 7
A kind of earthworm culture method, it includes two steps：The preparation process and vermiculture process of earthworm cultivation substratum
Rate-determining steps；Specifically the preparation process of earthworm cultivation substratum is：
(1) it is 70% to control Chinese medicine slag moisture content, is crushed；By crops stalk crushing；Edible fungi residues are crushed；
(2) by Chinese medicine slag 53kg, stalk 19kg, edible fungi residues 15kg, vinasse 17kg mixing, adjustment moisture content is 70%,
Zymophyte accounts for raw mixture material quality 3% is admixed, adjustment pH value is 7.5；Heap growth 8m, wide 2m, the pile of high 1.5m；
(3) control temperature in pile and, at 12 days, by 15 DEG C 70 DEG C are warmed up to, then processed with forklift turning, then be aged corruption
It is ripe, treat that temperature dropped to 38 DEG C at 30 days, and it is invariable, obtain final product earthworm cultivation substratum；
Specifically vermiculture process control steps are：
(1) earthworm cultivation substratum is added water material issuing so that humidity is 55%, and pH value is 6.5, in being put into box for breeding, cultivation
The specification of case is：Long 1m, wide 40cm, high 50cm, the amount of being put into is the half of box for breeding volume；
(2) earthworm 10 is thrown in in box for breeding, and is observed once every 2h, Continuous Observation 2 days, if only having 2- at night
5 earthworm occurs in earthworm cultivation substratum surface, then escape without earthworm, then throws in 20 earthworms thereto, in control box for breeding
Temperature is 10 DEG C, and humidity is 50%, after culturing time reaches 30 days, earthworm cultivation substratum is added thereto, and additional amount is foster
Grow 1 times of quality of earthworm cultivation substratum loss amount in case；
(3) that what is waited for the coming year starts harvesting, and summer monthly harvests once, and spring and each first quarter moon of autumn are harvested once, are adopted
After the completion of receipts, earthworm cultivation substratum is added thereto, additional amount is 1 times of quality of earthworm cultivation substratum loss amount in box for breeding.
In comparing embodiment 1, respectively according to 201310655471.1,201410456750.X, 201510611011.8
Processing method processed after as reference examples from the point of view of, in terms of egg laying amount and earthworm yield, egg laying amount at least improves for it
0.6%, earthworm yield at least improves 0.7%.
The remaining residue of above-mentioned breeding earthworm (after earthworm is harvested 1 year, is no longer added into the thing of cultivation matrix
Material) it is used for maize planting, corn per mu yield improves 11%, and for pepper planting, capsicum per mu yield improves 8%.
Embodiment 8
A kind of earthworm culture method, it includes two steps：The preparation process and vermiculture process of earthworm cultivation substratum
Rate-determining steps；Specifically the preparation process of earthworm cultivation substratum is：
(1) it is 65% to control Chinese medicine slag moisture content, is crushed；By crops stalk crushing；Edible fungi residues are crushed；
(2) by Chinese medicine slag 50kg, stalk 20kg, edible fungi residues 16kg, vinasse 14kg mixing, adjustment moisture content is 55%,
Zymophyte accounts for raw mixture material quality 4% is admixed, adjustment pH value is 7；Heap growth 8m, wide 2m, the pile of high 1.5m；
(3) control temperature in pile and, at 11 days, by 15 DEG C 70 DEG C are warmed up to, then processed with forklift turning, then be aged corruption
It is ripe, treat that temperature dropped to 38 DEG C at 25 days, and it is invariable, obtain final product earthworm cultivation substratum；
Specifically vermiculture process control steps are：
(1) earthworm cultivation substratum is added water material issuing so that humidity is 65%, and pH value is 7.3, in being put into box for breeding, cultivation
The specification of case is：Long 1m, wide 40cm, high 50cm, the amount of being put into is the half of box for breeding volume；
(2) earthworm 30 is thrown in in box for breeding, and is observed once every 2h, Continuous Observation 3 days, if only having 2- at night
5 earthworm occurs in earthworm cultivation substratum surface, then escape without earthworm, then throws in 30 earthworms thereto, in control box for breeding
Temperature is 30 DEG C, and humidity is 65%, after culturing time reaches 50 days, earthworm cultivation substratum is added thereto, and additional amount is foster
Grow 1.5 times of quality of earthworm cultivation substratum loss amount in case；
(3) that what is waited for the coming year starts harvesting, and summer monthly harvests once, and spring and each first quarter moon of autumn are harvested once, are adopted
After the completion of receipts, earthworm cultivation substratum is added thereto, additional amount is 1.5 times of matter of earthworm cultivation substratum loss amount in box for breeding
Amount.
In comparing embodiment 1, respectively according to 201310655471.1,201410456750.X, 201510611011.8
Processing method processed after as reference examples from the point of view of, in terms of egg laying amount and earthworm yield, egg laying amount at least improves for it
0.8%, earthworm yield at least improves 0.6%.
The remaining residue of above-mentioned breeding earthworm (after earthworm is harvested once, is no longer added into cultivation matrix
Material) it is used for maize planting, corn per mu yield improves 9%, and for pepper planting, capsicum per mu yield improves 10%.
Embodiment 9
A kind of earthworm culture method, it includes two steps：The preparation process and vermiculture process of earthworm cultivation substratum
Rate-determining steps；Specifically the preparation process of earthworm cultivation substratum is：
(1) it is 58% to control Chinese medicine slag moisture content, is crushed；By crops stalk crushing；Edible fungi residues are crushed；
(2) by Chinese medicine slag 48kg, stalk 21kg, edible fungi residues 16kg, vinasse 13kg mixing, adjustment moisture content is 70%,
Zymophyte accounts for raw mixture material quality 3% is admixed, adjustment pH value is 7.5；Heap growth 8m, wide 2m, the pile of high 1.5m；
(3) control temperature in pile and, at 12 days, by 15 DEG C 70 DEG C are warmed up to, then processed with forklift turning, then be aged corruption
It is ripe, treat that temperature dropped to 38 DEG C at 30 days, and it is invariable, obtain final product earthworm cultivation substratum；
Specifically vermiculture process control steps are：
(1) earthworm cultivation substratum is added water material issuing so that humidity is 60%, and pH value is 7, in being put into box for breeding, box for breeding
Specification be：Long 1m, wide 40cm, high 50cm, the amount of being put into is the half of box for breeding volume；
(2) earthworm 20 is thrown in in box for breeding, and is observed once every 2h, Continuous Observation 3 days, if only having 2- at night
5 earthworm occurs in earthworm cultivation substratum surface, then escape without earthworm, then throws in 25 earthworms thereto, in control box for breeding
Temperature is 20 DEG C, and humidity is 57%, after culturing time reaches 40 days, earthworm cultivation substratum is added thereto, and additional amount is foster
Grow 1.3 times of quality of earthworm cultivation substratum loss amount in case；
(3) that what is waited for the coming year starts harvesting, and summer monthly harvests once, and spring and each first quarter moon of autumn are harvested once, are adopted
After the completion of receipts, earthworm cultivation substratum is added thereto, additional amount is 1.2 times of matter of earthworm cultivation substratum loss amount in box for breeding
Amount.
In comparing embodiment 1, respectively according to 201310655471.1,201410456750.X, 201510611011.8
Processing method processed after as reference examples from the point of view of, in terms of egg laying amount and earthworm yield, egg laying amount at least improves for it
0.9%, earthworm yield at least improves 1.2%.
The remaining residue of above-mentioned breeding earthworm (after earthworm is harvested 2 years, is no longer added into the thing of cultivation matrix
Material) it is used for maize planting, corn per mu yield improves 13%, and for pepper planting, capsicum per mu yield improves 7%.
Embodiment 10
A kind of preparation method of fertilizer, it is prepared according to the raw material proportioning of embodiment 1, by it according to embodiment
4 fermentation step carries out fermentation process, then adds dealing with earthworm after 30-50 days according to the mode of embodiment 8 it, is made
Grain, obtains.The fertilizer is suitable to corn and pepper planting is used, and can improve soil texture, improves crop growth environment quality, rich
Eutrophy, promotes Root Absorption, improves the yield of corn and capsicum, reduces fertilizer application amount.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of earthworm cultivation substratum, it is characterised in that material composition is in parts by weight Chinese medicine slag 45-55 parts, stalk 17-23
Part, edible fungi residues 12-17 parts, vinasse 12-17 parts.
2. earthworm cultivation substratum as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described material composition is in parts by weight Chinese medicine
50 parts of slag, 20 parts of stalk, 15 parts of edible fungi residues, 15 parts of vinasse.
3. the earthworm cultivation substratum preparation method as described in any one of claim 1-2, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) Chinese medicine slag moisture content is controlled for 50-70%, crushing；By crops stalk crushing；Edible fungi residues are crushed；
(2) by Chinese medicine slag, stalk, edible fungi residues, vinasse mixing, adjustment moisture content is 50-70%, admixes zymophyte, adjusts pH
It is worth for 6.5-7.5；Heap growth 4-8m, wide 1.5-2m, the pile of high 1-1.5m；
(3) control temperature in pile and, at 10-12 days, by 15 DEG C 70 DEG C are warmed up to, then processed with forklift turning, then be aged corruption
It is ripe, treat that temperature dropped to 38-42 DEG C at 20-30 days, and it is invariable, obtain final product.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described ageing is become thoroughly decomposed and carried out in ventilated environment.
5. a kind of earthworm culture method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) Chinese medicine slag, stalk, edible fungi residues, vinasse are carried out into proportioning according to the weight portion of claim 1, and will according to right
The preparation method for asking 3 prepares earthworm cultivation substratum；
(2) earthworm cultivation substratum of step (1) is added water material issuing so that humidity is 55-65%, and pH value is 6.5-7.3, is put into foster
In growing case, the specification of box for breeding is：Long 1m, wide 40cm, high 50cm, the amount of being put into is the half of box for breeding volume；
(3) earthworm 10-30 bars are thrown in in box for breeding, and is observed once every 2h, Continuous Observation 2-3 days, if only having at night
2-5 bar earthworms occur in earthworm cultivation substratum surface, then escape without earthworm, then throw in 20-30 bar earthworms thereto, control cultivation
The temperature inside the box is 10-30 DEG C, and humidity is 50-65%, after culturing time reaches 30-50 days, vermiculture base is added thereto
Matter, additional amount is 1-1.5 times of quality of earthworm cultivation substratum loss amount in box for breeding；
(4) that what is waited for the coming year starts harvesting, and summer monthly harvests once, and spring and each first quarter moon of autumn are harvested once, have been harvested
Cheng Hou, adds thereto earthworm cultivation substratum, and additional amount is 1-1.5 times of quality of earthworm cultivation substratum loss amount in box for breeding.
6. earthworm cultivation substratum as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is used as fertilizer.
7. the earthworm cultivation substratum that the method as described in claim 3 or 4 is prepared from is used as fertilizer.
8. earthworm culture method as claimed in claim 5, after vermiculture terminates, the residue in its box for breeding is used as organic
Fertilizer.
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| CN107307191A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-03 | 南宁学院 | A kind of breeding earthworm matrix and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108617860A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-10-09 | 湖北工业大学 | A method of making raising earthworm matrix using distillers ' grains |
| CN108675840A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-10-19 | 安龙县森圩种养农民专业合作社 | A kind of waste bacterium rod preparation method of organic fertilizer |
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| CN112293353A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-02 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for breeding earthworms by utilizing pre-decomposed straws and application of method |
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