CN102715350A - Production method of straw feed - Google Patents
Production method of straw feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN102715350A CN102715350A CN2012102013435A CN201210201343A CN102715350A CN 102715350 A CN102715350 A CN 102715350A CN 2012102013435 A CN2012102013435 A CN 2012102013435A CN 201210201343 A CN201210201343 A CN 201210201343A CN 102715350 A CN102715350 A CN 102715350A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production method of straw feed, comprising the following steps: 1) smashing straw into particle materials; 2) carrying out ammoniation treatment on part of the straw particles with ammonia water or urea solution to obtain ammoniated straw; 3) adding plant lactic acid bacteria to the part of straw particle material for silage treatment so as to obtain silage straw; 4) adding water to uniformly mix the part of ammoniated straw with corncob particle, adding lactic acid or acetum to regulate the pH to 5-6, adding zymophyte solvent and uniformly mixing, and carrying out fermentation to obtain a straw degeneration enzyme strain; 5) uniformly mixing the ammoniated straw, the silage straw and the straw degeneration enzyme strain, adding a zymophyte solution, and carrying out fermentation to obtain a water-containing straw yeast; and 6) drying or pelleting the yeast to obtain the straw feed. The production method has the advantages that high-efficient fiber lignin degradation bacterium is adopted to produce the straw degeneration enzyme strain, and the degeneration efficiency and the nutrient content in feed are improved; equipment needed for material fermentation is simple, the operation is simple and convenient, and the cost for producing feed is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production method of the production method of animal feeding-stuff, particularly a kind of straw feed.
Background technology
Along with China's rapid economy development, the improving constantly of living standards of the people, people's diet structure is also progressively changing, and the shared ratio of meat, egg, milk is in continuous increase.According to the statistics made by the departments concerned, China's meat egg total output occupies first place in the world at present, and the occupancy volume per person has reached world average level.For animal husbandry, feed cost accounts for more than 70% of totle drilling cost, and wherein grain feed accounts for more than 90% of conventional feed; Therefore; Along with people's is to the continuous increase of livestock products demand, and the feed breach will continue to increase, and the rise of global provision price impels the animal husbandry cost to raise once more especially.
The annual stalk output of China reaches 700,000,000 tons, but the straw utilization rate is but not high, and utilizes the technical merit of mode lower, even still has the phenomenon of crop straw burning, causes certain wasting of resources and environmental pollution.In conjunction with economy, resource and the environment present situation of China, the straw feed technology will be the focus development project of China's biomass as resources.
At present, use more straw feed treatment technology that methods such as ensiling, ammonification, expanded, hot spray, microbial fermentation are arranged.Stalk after ammonification is handled is as feed, and its lignocellulosic is destructurized, and lignin and hemicellulose level reduce, and help digestion and the absorption of livestock.Ensiling stalks is as feed, and moisture height, good palatability, easy digestion have a kind of fragrant tart flavour, stimulate the appetite of domestic animal, and feed intake increases.But no matter be ammoniated straw or ensiling stalks, use all can not effectively increase the protein content of feed separately.With both mixed culture fermentation; Can make full use of advantage separately; After microbial fermentation is handled, effectively improve feed nutrition content, reach the standard of grain feed, in addition better; Therefore have DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT preferably, this also will be to solve the effective way that China people and animals strive grain and animal husbandry development problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned technical Analysis, a kind of nutrient content, sweat straw feed production method simple to operate that improves feed is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of production method of straw feed, step is following:
1) be that particle diameter is the stalk particle raw material of 0.2-1.0cm with crushed stalk;
2) adopting ammoniacal liquor or urea liquid under normal temperature condition, to carry out ammonification part stalk particle raw material handles, in processing time 6-8 week, obtains ammoniated straw;
3) (Lactobacillus CGMCC.155) carries out ensiling and handles, and the inoculum concentration of plant lactobacillus is 2% of a stalk weight, and normal temperature condition reacted 30-35 days down, obtained ensiling stalks in part stalk particle raw material, to add plant lactobacillus;
4) be that the corn cob granule of 1.0-2.0cm mixes with the stalk after above-mentioned a part of ammonification and particle diameter; Adding the moisture content that water makes material is 55-65%, adds weight percent concentration and is 20% lactic acid solution or acetum the pH of mixed material is adjusted to 5-6, in mixed material, adds fermenting agent and mixes; Be under the 30-35 ℃ of condition in temperature then; Fermented 2-3 days, and fermentation materials was overturn in every 1-2 days, it is bent to make the straw degradative enzyme;
5) ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks and straw degradative enzyme song are mixed, adding the moisture content that water makes mixed material is 55-65%, adds zymocyte liquid, is keeping the humidity of materials bottom fermentation 3-5 days then, and every day, turning was 1-2 time, obtained moisture stalk fermentation thing;
6) with after moisture stalk fermentation thing drying or the granulation, can obtain straw feed.
The weight percent concentration of said ammoniacal liquor is the ammoniacal liquor of 4-6%, and the weight percent concentration of urea is 5-7%.
Said fermenting agent is aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger; WB-4757), whiterot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) and bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis subsp.Subtilis, the fermenting agent mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions in N1025).
The weight ratio of said ammoniated straw, corn cob granule and microbial inoculum is 90:7-8:2-3.
Said zymocyte liquid is saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae;=AKU 4038), candida utili (Candida utilis; Y25), geotrichum candidum (Geotrichum candidum; F137) and aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae, the zymocyte liquid mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions in L201).
Said ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks, the bent weight ratio with zymocyte liquid of straw degradative enzyme are 50-55::25-35:15-18:2-5.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1) it is bent that the present invention adopts the straw degradative of cellulignin degradation bacteria making efficiently enzyme, makes the degradation efficiency of cellulose and lignin higher, thereby effectively improve the nutrient content in the feed;
2) make full use of the advantage of ammoniated straw and ensiling stalks, made feed nutrition abundanter;
3) material fermentation equipment needed thereby is simple, easy and simple to handle, has reduced the cost of feed making.
The specific embodiment
The present invention further details through following examples, but the technology contents that present embodiment is narrated is illustrative, rather than determinate, should not limit to protection scope of the present invention according to this.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of production method of straw feed, step is following:
1) be that particle diameter is the stalk particle raw material of 0.2-1.0cm with crushed stalk;
2) part stalk particle raw material being adopted weight percent concentration is that 5% ammonia spirit carries out ammonification and handles under 30 ℃ of conditions, in 6 weeks of processing time, obtains ammoniated straw;
3) (Lactobacillus CGMCC.155) carries out ensiling and handles, and the inoculum concentration of plant lactobacillus is 2% of a stalk weight, and normal temperature condition reacted 30 days down, obtained ensiling stalks in part stalk particle raw material, to add plant lactobacillus;
4) be that the corn cob granule of 1.0-2.0cm mixes with the stalk after the above-mentioned part ammonification and particle diameter, adding the moisture content that water makes material is 65%, adds weight percent concentration and is 20% lactic acid solution the pH of mixed material is adjusted to 6; In mixed material, add aspergillus niger and bacillus subtilis mixed fermenting agent; Both volume ratios are 1:1, and mix, and are under 30 ℃ of conditions in temperature then; Fermented 2 days; Fermentation materials was overturn in every 1-2 days, it is bent to make the straw degradative enzyme, and wherein the weight ratio of ammoniated straw, corn cob granule and fermenting agent is 90:8:2;
5) ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks and straw degradative enzyme song are mixed; Adding the moisture content that water makes mixed material is 60%, adds saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida utili and geotrichum candidum zymocyte liquid, and three's volume ratio is 1:1:1; Keeping the humidity of materials bottom fermentation 4 days then; Every day, turning was 1-2 time, obtained moisture stalk fermentation thing, and wherein ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks, the bent weight ratio with zymocyte liquid of straw degradative enzyme are 50:30:18:2;
6) with after the moisture stalk fermentation thing drying, can obtain the straw feed that crude protein content is 17-20%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of production method of straw feed, step is following:
1) be that particle diameter is the stalk particle raw material of 0.2-1.0cm with crushed stalk;
2) part stalk particle raw material being adopted weight percent concentration is that 6% urea liquid carries out ammonification and handles under 30 ℃ of conditions, in 7 weeks of processing time, obtains ammoniated straw;
3) (Lactobacillus CGMCC.155) carries out ensiling and handles, and the inoculum concentration of plant lactobacillus is 2% of a stalk weight, and normal temperature condition reacted 30 days down, obtained ensiling stalks in part stalk particle raw material, to add plant lactobacillus;
4) be that the corn cob granule of 1.0-2.0cm mixes with the stalk after the above-mentioned part ammonification and particle diameter; Adding the moisture content that water makes material is 60%, adds weight percent concentration and is 20% acetum the pH of mixed material is adjusted to 6, in mixed material, adds the fermentation of Aspergillus niger microbial inoculum; And mix; Be under 30 ℃ of conditions in temperature then, fermented 2 days, fermentation materials was overturn in every 1-2 days; It is bent to make the straw degradative enzyme, and wherein the weight ratio of ammoniated straw, corn cob granule and fermenting agent is 90:7:3;
5) ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks and straw degradative enzyme song are mixed; Adding the moisture content that water makes mixed material is 65%, adds saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida utili and aspergillus oryzae zymocyte liquid, and three's volume ratio is 1:1:1; Keeping the humidity of materials bottom fermentation 3-5 days then; Every day, turning was 1-2 time, obtained moisture stalk fermentation thing, and wherein ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks, the bent weight ratio with zymocyte liquid of straw degradative enzyme are 55:30:13:2;
6) with after the granulation of moisture stalk fermentation thing, can obtain the straw feed that crude protein content is 15-18%.
Claims (6)
1. the production method of a straw feed is characterized in that step is following:
1) be that particle diameter is the stalk particle raw material of 0.2-1.0cm with crushed stalk;
2) adopting ammoniacal liquor or urea liquid under normal temperature condition, to carry out ammonification part stalk particle raw material handles, in processing time 6-8 week, obtains ammoniated straw;
3) (Lactobacillus CGMCC.155) carries out ensiling and handles, and the inoculum concentration of plant lactobacillus is 2% of a stalk weight, and normal temperature condition reacted 30-35 days down, obtained ensiling stalks in part stalk particle raw material, to add plant lactobacillus;
4) be that the corn cob granule of 1.0-2.0cm mixes with the stalk after above-mentioned a part of ammonification and particle diameter; Adding the moisture content that water makes material is 55-65%, adds weight percent concentration and is 20% lactic acid solution or acetum the pH of mixed material is adjusted to 5-6, in mixed material, adds fermenting agent and mixes; Be under the 30-35 ℃ of condition in temperature then; Fermented 2-3 days, and fermentation materials was overturn in every 1-2 days, it is bent to make the straw degradative enzyme;
5) ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks and straw degradative enzyme song are mixed, adding the moisture content that water makes mixed material is 55-65%, adds zymocyte liquid, is keeping the humidity of materials bottom fermentation 3-5 days then, and every day, turning was 1-2 time, obtained moisture stalk fermentation thing;
6) with after moisture stalk fermentation thing drying or the granulation, can obtain straw feed.
2. according to the production method of the said straw feed of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight percent concentration of said ammoniacal liquor is the ammoniacal liquor of 4-6%, and the weight percent concentration of urea is 5-7%.
3. according to the production method of the said straw feed of claim 1; It is characterized in that: said fermenting agent is aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger; WB-4757), whiterot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) and bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis subsp.Subtilis, the fermenting agent mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions in N1025).
4. according to the production method of the said straw feed of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight ratio of said ammoniated straw, corn cob granule and microbial inoculum is 90:7-8:2-3.
5. according to the production method of the said straw feed of claim 1; It is characterized in that: said zymocyte liquid is saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae;=AKU 4038), candida utili (Candida utilis; Y25), geotrichum candidum (Ceotrichum candidum, F137) and aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae, the zymocyte liquid mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions in L201).
6. according to the production method of the said straw feed of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks, the bent weight ratio with zymocyte liquid of straw degradative enzyme are 50-55::25-35:15-18:2-5.
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| CN2012102013435A CN102715350A (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2012-06-18 | Production method of straw feed |
| CN2013101320093A CN103168921A (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2013-04-16 | Method for producing straw feed |
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| CN103168921A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2013-06-26 | 南开大学 | Method for producing straw feed |
| CN103271252A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-09-04 | 安徽农业大学 | Silage method of whole corn stalks |
| CN103652356A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-03-26 | 界首市春秋牧业有限公司 | Technology for producing composite feed through ammoniation fermentation of corn cobs |
| CN103652357A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-26 | 河南宏翔生物科技有限公司 | Biological protein feed and production method thereof |
| CN103704501A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-04-09 | 平顶山中宏华龙饲料有限公司 | Method for producing high-efficiency broiler feed by utilization of corn straw fermentation |
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Application publication date: 20121010 |