CN111011273A - Artificial propagation method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus - Google Patents
Artificial propagation method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN111011273A CN111011273A CN201911410133.5A CN201911410133A CN111011273A CN 111011273 A CN111011273 A CN 111011273A CN 201911410133 A CN201911410133 A CN 201911410133A CN 111011273 A CN111011273 A CN 111011273A
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- 241001550330 Lutjanus argentimaculatus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000186000 Bifidobacterium Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000270666 Testudines Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001149724 Cololabis adocetus Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000276707 Tilapia Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052875 vesuvianite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 208000031320 Teratogenesis Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000123057 Lutjanus Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000132059 Carica parviflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001482311 Trionychidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention provides an artificial reproduction method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus, which comprises the following steps: s1, parent fish culture: selecting healthy parent fish of more than 3 years old for intensive culture; the intensified cultivation feed comprises fresh feed and fermented feed, and is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 1: 0.2-0.5 of feeding; stimulating and culturing at low temperature of 20-25 deg.C for 3-5 days; then, light stimulation is given to cultivate for 20-30 days, green light and yellow light are adopted for alternately irradiating the water surface of the pond at the water temperature of 26-30 ℃, each light color is alternately irradiated for 30min, and each day is continuously irradiated for 2-4 hours; finally, cultivating for 40-50 days at the water temperature of 28-32 ℃; s2, fertilization: after intensive cultivation, selecting mature parent fish, putting the parent fish into a spawning box, and naturally spawning and fertilizing to obtain fertilized eggs; s3, hatching: and flushing the fertilized eggs, removing dead eggs, putting the fertilized eggs into an incubation barrel for incubation for 12-15 h, and obtaining the larval fish. By adopting the breeding method, the fertilization rate and the hatching rate of the Lutjanus argentimaculatus are both high, particularly the teratogenesis rate is low, and the Lutjanus argentimaculatus is beneficial to fine culture of the Lutjanus argentimaculatus.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Lutjanus argentimaculatus, in particular to an artificial propagation method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus.
Background
Lutjanus argentiticulatus (Lutjanus argentiticulatus) is a large-scale economical fish in the middle and lower layers of warm water shallow sea, and is distributed in the middle and west parts of the Indian ocean and the pacific ocean, and China is mainly distributed in coastal coral reefs, rock reefs and sandy muddy bottom shallow sea water areas in provinces such as south China island, Hainan, Guangdong and Taiwan. It is reported that more than 103 species of Lutjanus fish living in various oceans in the world are mainly economic species, and Lutjanus argentimaculatus is considered to be one of the most economically valuable and promising species in the family of Lutjanus argentimaculatus. The Lutjanus argentimaculatus is rich in nutrition, delicious in taste, rich in protein, DHA and EPA, and is a high-quality marine fish with great market demand. The existing artificial breeding method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus obtains poor quality of sperm and ovum, has high abnormal rate of fry after hatching, is not beneficial to fine product culture, and therefore the technical problem needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the artificial breeding method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus provided by the invention has the advantages of high fertility rate and hatchability rate, especially low teratogenesis rate, and provides a foundation guarantee for fine Lutjanus argentimaculatus breeding.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
an artificial reproduction method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus comprises the following steps:
s1, parent fish culture: selecting healthy parent fish of more than 3 years old for intensive culture;
the intensified cultivation feed comprises fresh feed and fermented feed, and is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 1: 0.2-0.5 of feeding;
the fresh feed comprises the following raw materials: the eel, the tilapia and the saury are cut into pieces which are palatable and are fed; the fermented feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of coconut meal, 2-5 parts of cassava meal, 2-7 parts of turtle meal, 1-3 parts of lysine, 2-8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.3 part of vitamin E and 0.3-0.5 part of composite bacillus; feeding the enhanced culture feed 2-4 times a day, wherein the daily feeding amount is 3-5% of the weight of the fish body;
stimulating and culturing at low temperature of 20-25 deg.C for 3-5 days; then, light stimulation is given to cultivate for 20-30 days, green light and yellow light are adopted for alternately irradiating the water surface of the pond at the water temperature of 26-30 ℃, each light color is alternately irradiated for 30min, and each day is continuously irradiated for 2-4 hours; finally, cultivating for 40-50 days at the water temperature of 28-32 ℃;
s2, fertilization: after intensive cultivation, selecting mature parent fish, and putting the parent fish into a spawning box, wherein the male-female ratio is 1: 0.4-0.6, controlling the water temperature to be 26-30 ℃, and naturally laying eggs and fertilizing to obtain fertilized eggs;
s3, hatching: flushing fertilized eggs, removing dead eggs, putting the fertilized eggs into an incubation barrel for incubation, wherein the density of the incubated fertilized eggs is 60-90 ten thousand/m3And (3) laying air stones and volcanic rocks at the bottom of the barrel, slightly inflating, and incubating for 12-15 hours to obtain the larval fish, wherein the salinity is 28-32, the water temperature is 26-30 ℃, and the pH is 8.0-8.4.
Preferably, the lactobacillus plantarum, the bifidobacterium and the lactobacillus are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 3-5: 4-7.
Preferably, the fresh feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-6 parts of eel, 10-20 parts of tilapia and 13-15 parts of saury.
Preferably, the preparation method of the fermented feed comprises the following steps: placing coconut meal, cassava powder and turtle powder into a fermentation tank, adding lactobacillus plantarum, bifidobacterium and lactobacillus, and adding water, wherein the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 0.8 to 1.2, fermenting for 3 to 5 days, adding lysine, calcium hydrophosphate and vitamin E, uniformly mixing, concentrating and granulating to obtain the fermented feed.
Preferably, the illumination intensity of the green light is 1600-1800 lx.
Preferably, the illumination intensity of the yellow light is 2100 to 2300 lx.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the air stone to the volcanic rock is 1: 0.3 to 0.5.
Preferably, the fermented feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of coconut meal, 3 parts of cassava meal, 5 parts of turtle meal, 2 parts of lysine, 5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.2 part of vitamin E and 0.4 part of composite bacillus.
Preferably, the lactobacillus plantarum, the bifidobacterium and the lactobacillus are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 4: 5, and (5).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the breeding method, the fertilization rate and the hatching rate of the Lutjanus argentimaculatus are both high, and particularly the teratogenesis rate is low, so that a foundation guarantee is provided for the fine Lutjanus argentimaculatus breeding. The invention is shown to be self-prepared with the reinforced feed, low-temperature stimulation is combined with light stimulation, and vesuvianite is added in the process of hatching, so that the propagation quality and the propagation effect are effectively improved.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Example 1
An artificial reproduction method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus comprises the following steps:
s1, parent fish culture: selecting healthy parent fish of more than 3 years old for intensive culture;
the intensified cultivation feed comprises fresh feed and fermented feed, and is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 1: 0.3, feeding;
the fresh feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of eel, 10 parts of tilapia and 14 parts of saury, and the blocks are palatable and mixed for feeding; the fermented feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of coconut meal, 2 parts of cassava meal, 2 parts of turtle powder, 1 part of lysine, 2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1 part of vitamin E and 0.3 part of composite bacillus, wherein the composite bacillus is prepared by mixing lactobacillus plantarum, bifidobacterium and lactobacillus according to a mass ratio of 1: 3: 4, preparing; the preparation method of the fermented feed comprises the following steps: placing coconut meal, cassava powder and turtle powder into a fermentation tank, adding lactobacillus plantarum, bifidobacterium and lactobacillus, and adding water, wherein the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 0.8, fermenting for 5 days, adding lysine, calcium hydrophosphate and vitamin E, uniformly mixing, concentrating and granulating to prepare fermented feed;
feeding the enhanced culture feed for 2 times every day, wherein the daily feeding amount is 3-5% of the weight of the fish body;
stimulating and culturing at 20-25 deg.C for 3 days; then, giving light stimulation to cultivate for 30 days, and alternately irradiating the water surface of the pond with green light and yellow light under the condition that the water temperature is 26-30 ℃, wherein the illumination intensity of the green light is 1600lx, the illumination intensity of the yellow light is 2100lx, each light color is alternately irradiated for 30min, and the light is continuously irradiated for 4 hours every day; finally, cultivating for 40 days at the water temperature of 28-32 ℃;
s2, fertilization: after intensive cultivation, selecting mature parent fish, and putting the parent fish into a spawning box, wherein the male-female ratio is 1: 0.5, controlling the water temperature to be 26-30 ℃, and naturally laying eggs and fertilizing to obtain fertilized eggs;
s3, hatching: flushing fertilized eggs, removing dead eggs, putting the fertilized eggs into an incubation barrel for incubation, wherein the density of the incubated fertilized eggs is 60-90 ten thousand/m3The salinity is 28-32, the water temperature is 26-30 ℃, the pH is 8.0-8.4, the air stone and the volcanic rock are paved at the bottom of the barrel, and the mass ratio of the air stone to the volcanic rock is 1: and (5) slightly inflating, and incubating for 12-15 h to obtain the fry.
Example 2
An artificial reproduction method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus comprises the following steps:
s1, parent fish culture: selecting healthy parent fish of more than 3 years old for intensive culture;
the intensified cultivation feed comprises fresh feed and fermented feed, and is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5, feeding;
the fresh feed comprises the following raw materials: 6 parts of eel, 20 parts of tilapia and 15 parts of saury, and the blocks are palatable and mixed for feeding; the fermented feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of coconut meal, 5 parts of cassava meal, 7 parts of turtle powder, 3 parts of lysine, 8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3 part of vitamin E and 0.5 part of composite bacillus, wherein the composite bacillus is prepared by mixing lactobacillus plantarum, bifidobacterium and lactobacillus according to a mass ratio of 1: 5: 7, preparing; the preparation method of the fermented feed comprises the following steps: placing coconut meal, cassava powder and turtle powder into a fermentation tank, adding lactobacillus plantarum, bifidobacterium and lactobacillus, and adding water, wherein the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 1.2, fermenting for 3 days, adding lysine, calcium hydrophosphate and vitamin E, uniformly mixing, concentrating and granulating to prepare fermented feed;
feeding the enhanced culture feed for 4 times every day, wherein the daily feeding amount is 3-5% of the weight of the fish body;
stimulating and culturing at 20-25 deg.C for 5 days; then, giving light stimulation to cultivate for 20 days, and alternately irradiating the water surface of the pond by green light and yellow light under the condition that the water temperature is 26-30 ℃, wherein the illumination intensity of the green light is 1800lx, the illumination intensity of the yellow light is 2300lx, and each light color is alternately irradiated for 30min and continuously irradiated for 2 hours every day; finally, culturing for 50 days at the water temperature of 28-32 ℃;
s2, fertilization: after intensive cultivation, selecting mature parent fish, and putting the parent fish into a spawning box, wherein the male-female ratio is 1: 0.5, controlling the water temperature to be 26-30 ℃, and naturally laying eggs and fertilizing to obtain fertilized eggs;
s3, hatching: flushing fertilized eggs, removing dead eggs, putting the fertilized eggs into an incubation barrel for incubation, wherein the density of the incubated fertilized eggs is 60-90 ten thousand/m3The salinity is 28-32, the water temperature is 26-30 ℃, the pH is 8.0-8.4, the air stone and the volcanic rock are paved at the bottom of the barrel, and the mass ratio of the air stone to the volcanic rock is 1: and (3) 0.4) slightly inflating, and incubating for 12-15 h to obtain the larval fish.
Example 3
An artificial reproduction method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus comprises the following steps:
s1, parent fish culture: selecting healthy parent fish of more than 3 years old for intensive culture;
the intensified cultivation feed comprises fresh feed and fermented feed, and is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 1: 0.4, feeding;
the fresh feed comprises the following raw materials: 5 parts of eel, 15 parts of tilapia and 15 parts of saury, and the blocks are palatable and mixed for feeding; the fermented feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of coconut meal, 3 parts of cassava meal, 5 parts of soft-shelled turtle meal, 2 parts of lysine, 5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.2 part of vitamin E and 0.4 part of composite bacillus, wherein the composite bacillus is prepared from lactobacillus plantarum, bifidobacterium and lactobacillus according to a mass ratio of 1: 4: 5, preparing; the preparation method of the fermented feed comprises the following steps: placing coconut meal, cassava powder and turtle powder into a fermentation tank, adding lactobacillus plantarum, bifidobacterium and lactobacillus, and adding water, wherein the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 1, fermenting for 4 days, adding lysine, calcium hydrophosphate and vitamin E, uniformly mixing, concentrating and granulating to prepare fermented feed;
feeding the enhanced culture feed 3 times a day, wherein the daily feeding amount is 3-5% of the weight of the fish body;
stimulating and culturing at 20-25 deg.C for 4 days; then, carrying out light stimulation for culturing for 25 days, and alternately irradiating the water surface of the pond with green light and yellow light at the water temperature of 26-30 ℃, wherein the illumination intensity of the green light is 1700lx, the illumination intensity of the yellow light is 2200lx, each light color is alternately irradiated for 30min, and the light is continuously irradiated for 3 hours every day; finally, culturing for 45 days at the water temperature of 28-32 ℃;
s2, fertilization: after intensive cultivation, selecting mature parent fish, and putting the parent fish into a spawning box, wherein the male-female ratio is 1: 0.5, controlling the water temperature to be 26-30 ℃, and naturally laying eggs and fertilizing to obtain fertilized eggs;
s3, hatching: flushing fertilized eggs, removing dead eggs, putting the fertilized eggs into an incubation barrel for incubation, wherein the density of the incubated fertilized eggs is 60-90 ten thousand/m3The salinity is 28-32, the water temperature is 26-30 ℃, the pH is 8.0-8.4, the air stone and the volcanic rock are paved at the bottom of the barrel, and the mass ratio of the air stone to the volcanic rock is 1: and (5) slightly inflating, and incubating for 12-15 h to obtain the fry.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that the low temperature stimulation incubation was not performed and the water temperature was maintained in the range of 26-30 ℃.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that only a single green stimulus was used for incubation.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that only a single yellow light stimulus is used for incubation.
Comparative example 4
The present comparative example is different from example 3 in that no volcanic rock is laid on the bottom of the tub at step S3.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example differs from example 3 in that the composite bacillus is prepared from lactobacillus plantarum, bifidobacterium and lactobacillus in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 to obtain the product.
The above examples and the artificial reproduction of the comparative Lutjanus argentimaculatus were counted, and the results were as follows:
the above results show that by using the breeding method of the embodiments 1-3 of the present invention, the fertilization rate and the hatching rate of the Lutjanus argentimaculatus are both high, and particularly, the teratogenesis rate is low, thereby providing a foundation guarantee for the fine Lutjanus argentimaculatus breeding. The comparative examples 1 to 4 show that the propagation effect is relatively poor, and the propagation quality and the propagation effect are effectively improved by adopting the self-prepared reinforced feed, combining low-temperature stimulation with light stimulation and adding the vesuvianite in the hatching process.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. An artificial reproduction method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, parent fish culture: selecting healthy parent fish of more than 3 years old for intensive culture;
the intensified cultivation feed comprises fresh feed and fermented feed, and is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 1: 0.2-0.5 of feeding;
the fresh feed comprises the following raw materials: cutting eel, tilapia and saury into pieces and feeding; the fermented feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of coconut meal, 2-5 parts of cassava meal, 2-7 parts of turtle meal, 1-3 parts of lysine, 2-8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.3 part of vitamin E and 0.3-0.5 part of composite bacillus; feeding the enhanced culture feed 2-4 times a day, wherein the daily feeding amount is 3-5% of the weight of the fish body;
stimulating and culturing at low temperature of 20-25 deg.C for 3-5 days; then, light stimulation is given to cultivate for 20-30 days, green light and yellow light are adopted for alternately irradiating the water surface of the pond at the water temperature of 26-30 ℃, each light color is alternately irradiated for 30min, and each day is continuously irradiated for 2-4 hours; finally, cultivating for 40-50 days at the water temperature of 28-32 ℃;
s2, fertilization: after intensive cultivation, selecting mature parent fish, and putting the parent fish into a spawning box, wherein the male-female ratio is 1: 0.4-0.6, controlling the water temperature to be 26-30 ℃, and naturally laying eggs and fertilizing to obtain fertilized eggs;
s3, hatching: flushing fertilized eggs, removing dead eggs, putting the fertilized eggs into an incubation barrel for incubation, wherein the density of the incubated fertilized eggs is 60-90 ten thousand/m3And (3) laying air stones and volcanic rocks at the bottom of the barrel, slightly inflating, and incubating for 12-15 hours to obtain the larval fish, wherein the salinity is 28-32, the water temperature is 26-30 ℃, and the pH is 8.0-8.4.
2. The artificial reproduction method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus according to claim 1, wherein the complex bacillus is selected from Lactobacillus plantarum, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in a mass ratio of 1: 3-5: 4-7.
3. The artificial propagation method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fresh feed comprises the following raw materials by weight: 2-6 parts of eel, 10-20 parts of tilapia and 13-15 parts of saury.
4. The artificial propagation method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus according to claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the fermented feed comprises the following steps: placing coconut meal, cassava powder and turtle powder into a fermentation tank, adding lactobacillus plantarum, bifidobacterium and lactobacillus, and adding water, wherein the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 0.8 to 1.2, fermenting for 3 to 5 days, adding lysine, calcium hydrophosphate and vitamin E, uniformly mixing, concentrating and granulating to obtain the fermented feed.
5. The artificial reproduction method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the illumination intensity of the green light is 1600-1800 lx.
6. The artificial propagation method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the illumination intensity of the yellow light is 2100-2300 lx.
7. The artificial reproduction method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of the air stone to the vesuvianite is 1: 0.3 to 0.5.
8. The artificial propagation method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus according to claim 1, wherein the fermented feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of coconut meal, 3 parts of cassava meal, 5 parts of turtle meal, 2 parts of lysine, 5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.2 part of vitamin E and 0.4 part of composite bacillus.
9. The artificial reproduction method of Lutjanus argentimaculatus according to claim 9, wherein the complex bacillus is selected from Lactobacillus plantarum, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in a mass ratio of 1: 4: 5, and (5).
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