CN102870722B - Large scale larva breeding method for navodon septentrionalis - Google Patents
Large scale larva breeding method for navodon septentrionalis Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
A large scale larva breeding method for navodon septentrionalis comprises parent fish screening, parent fish breeding, egg taking, insemination, incubation and high quality larva breeding; when nutrient enrichment is performed to parent fish of navodon septentrionalis through the method, and temperature and lighting are adjusted and controlled, the genital gland of the parent fish can mature under the condition of artificial culture, and the hatchability is more than 85% through artificial egg taking, insemination and incubation. After the method is adopted to breed incubated prelarva of navodon septentrionalis, the emergence rate is more than 35%; and the method has the advantages that larva of navodon septentrionalis can be bred on a large scale and the requirements on large-scale culture can be met.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic product sprout and cultivate technical field, relate to particularly a kind of extensive offspring seed cultivation method of green fin black scraper Puffer.
Background technology
Green fin black scraper Puffer has another name called the wolf that strips off the skin, rubber fish, for the traditional famous and precious fish of northern China, distribute very wide, yellow, the common economic fish of Bohai Sea, have the characteristics such as suitable salinity is wide, temperature is wide, the food level is low, occupying an important position in economic fish, is desirable coastal waters aquaculture object.Green fin black scraper Puffer is lower floor fish in the warm warm nature in ocean, and the happiness cluster, have the migration habit, and staple food is scratched the zooplanktons such as sufficient class, amphipoda, also eats the mollusk that dwells at the end, coral, fish-egg, diatom etc.Green fin black scraper Puffer resource was started to rise by middle 1960s, from the seventies average year output rise to 21.5 ten thousand tons, the eighties, average year output was 31.8 ten thousand tons.From the seventies, continuing nearly 20 years is the highest second largest fish of China's output.To the beginning of the nineties, production declining, about 100,000 tons of left and right, and individuality sees littlely, maturation age is in advance.At present, the report to green fin black scraper Puffer artificial breeding is not also arranged both at home and abroad, be protection and the green fin black scraper of effective exploitation Puffer resource, carrying out green fin black scraper Puffer artificial breeding and cultivation is that tool has very great significance.
The green fin black scraper Puffer parent population fertilization of can not ovulating voluntarily under China's artificial condition at present, the ovulation rhythm and pace of moving things is special, the best adopts that ovum " period " is narrow and to adopt high-quality ovum rate day low etc., thereby has increased the difficulty that artificial propagation is grown seedlings, and fails so far to cultivate on a large scale good seed.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the extensive offspring seed cultivation method of a kind of green fin black scraper Puffer,, for propagating artificially of green fin black scraper Puffer provides enough good seeds, increases the output of propagating artificially of green fin black scraper Puffer, increases the market supply.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
The extensive offspring seed cultivation method of a kind of green fin black scraper Puffer, comprise the parent population screening, and the parent population reinforced cultivating, adopt ovum, insemination, hatching and high-quality seed rearing, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) parent population screening
Existing parent population is screened, the parent population of originating different is implemented optimum organization minute pond cultivate, screening criteria is physical health, without the individuality of illness and wound;
(2) parent population reinforced cultivating
After parent population entered pond, pellet joined by the employing aquatic foods and the high-quality fresh trash fish is fed, and add simultaneously the necessary vitamin of parent population gonad development, lecithin and unsaturated fatty acid;
When parent population being carried out the fortification cultivation, carry out the temperature control light modulation, temperature is controlled at 13-14 ℃, and artificial light source is adopted in illumination, and light application time increased to 16 hours every days gradually by 5 hours every days, and intensity of illumination is at 100-500Lux; Under temperature, illumination regulation and control and fortification breeding condition, the parent population gonad development is accelerated, after 2-3 month, and parent population gonad development full maturity;
(3) adopt ovum, insemination, hatching
Obtain high-quality ovum and seminal fluid by the manual compression method after green fin black scraper Puffer parent population gonadal maturation, then carry out the wet method of artificial fertilization, after insemination, adopting hydrometer method will sink, float ovum separates, floating ovum is fertilized egg, counts the statistics fertilization rate, again fertilized egg is placed under 13.5-15 ℃ of water temperature condition in the net cage of miniflow water and little inflation and hatches, through the time of 3-5 days, complete hatching;
(4) high-quality seed rearing
Water temperature in the seed rearing process is 16-20 ℃; Salinity is 25-30 ‰; PH is 7.82-8.25, and dissolved oxygen is 4.9-8.Omg/L, and cultivating water is the open cycle system, and seawater after filtration, enter nursery pond after sterilization, sterilization again;
4.1 prelarva, the 1-10 age in days, the cloth pond density of newly hatched larvae is 0.5-0.8 ten thousand tails/m
2, mainly take wheel animalcule as main, artemia nauplii is auxiliary, cultivates 16 ℃-18 ℃ of water temperatures; Prelarva added water in front 3 days, amount of water 5-10%, and 4-10d quantity of exchanged water every day is 20-40%; Add chlorella every day, its concentration is 50-80 ten thousand cells/ml; Faint inflation, aeration quantity is controlled at 30L/h/m
3
4.2 postlarva, the 11-25 age in days, mainly take the halogen worm as main, wheel animalcule and mixed bait are auxiliary, change gradually bait, and quantity of exchanged water strengthens, and every day, quantity of exchanged water was increased to 70% gradually by 30%, regularly inhaled at the end, cultivated 19 ℃-20 ℃ of water temperatures; Along with the growth of fry strengthens aeration quantity gradually, until 60L/h/m
3
4.3 the postlarva phase, 26-50 age in days, postlarva phase, throw something and feed mixed bait and halogen worm, mixed bait day feeding volume be body weight 4%, halogen worm feeding volume is 1/ml, realize that gradually bait converts mixed bait to, from changing water, be transitioned into gradually the perennial draingage cultivation, cultivate 17 ℃-18 ℃ of water temperatures;
4.4 young stage, the 51-80 age in days, the mixed bait of throwing something and feeding, a day feeding volume is 5% of body weight, perennial draingage is cultivated, and cultivates 17 ℃-18 ℃ of water temperatures, aeration quantity 60L/h/m
3
4.5 commercial seedling, the 80-90 age in days, the mixed bait of throwing something and feeding, a day feeding volume is 6% of body weight, perennial draingage is cultivated, and cultivates 15 ℃-16 ℃ of water temperatures, aeration quantity 60L/h/m
3
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art:
Adopt the inventive method to carry out fortification to green fin black scraper Puffer parent population, and regulating and controlling temperature and illumination, parent population can be propagating gonadal maturation under condition artificially, and by ovum artificial collection, insemination and hatching, incubation rate is more than 85%.
Adopt the inventive method to cultivate the green fin black scraper Puffer prelarva that hatches, emergence rate, more than 35%, can be cultivated green fin black scraper Puffer seed on a large scale, meets the needs of large-scale cultivation.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further explained, but protection scope of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of embodiment.
The extensive offspring seed cultivation method of a kind of green fin black scraper Puffer, comprise the parent population screening, and the parent population reinforced cultivating, adopt ovum, insemination, hatching and high-quality seed rearing, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) in May, 2010 is carried out green fin black scraper Puffer seed rearing with Huanghai Sea raun 36 tails and ring Bohai Sea milter 10 tails in parent population screening, and the standard of screening parent population is physical health, without the individuality of illness and wound.
(2) parent population reinforced cultivating
After parent population enters pond, adopt the aquatic foods of independent development to join pellet and the high-quality fresh trash fish is fed, aquatic foods are joined pellet granulated meal that to be fish meal and iced trash fish be mixed and processed with the mass ratio of 1:2, it is thrown something and fed after freeze forming.The parent population temperature control control photophase multiple iced trash fish of preferably throwing something and feeding, the mackerel of can throwing something and feeding, little yellow croaker, sardine, stone pod fish etc., add simultaneously the necessary vitamin of parent population gonad development and lecithin and promote gonad development.The addition of VC, VE is generally 5/1000ths left and right of feed weight, and accession capacity of Lecithin is generally one thousandth.The frequency of throwing something and feeding is 2-3 times/day, and daily ration of feeding is generally the 2-3% of body weight, and looks the situation of ingesting and regulated.
When parent population being carried out the fortification cultivation, carry out the temperature control light modulation.The special reproductive habit of green fin black scraper Puffer is mainly manifested in ovulation rhythm and pace of moving things aspect, and its ovulation rhythm and pace of moving things is subjected to outside self endocrine regulation, and is in close relations with extraneous temperature, luminous environment.According to these characteristics, carry out temperature, light regulation and control, the temperature general control is at 13-14 ℃, and artificial light source is adopted in illumination, and light application time is by increasing to gradually 16 hours every days 5 hours every days, and intensity of illumination is in the 100-500Lux left and right.Under temperature, illumination regulation and control and fortification breeding condition, the parent population gonad development is accelerated, after 2-3 month, and parent population gonad development full maturity.
(3) adopt ovum, insemination, hatching
Green fin black scraper Puffer is being propagated artificially under condition, be difficult to natural spawning fertilization, and ovum is very easily overdone.Belly protuberance after female parent population gonadal maturation after the parent population reinforced cultivating, touch with have gentle hands that to be ovum granular but not after block, obtain ovum and the seminal fluid of high-quality by the manual compression method, then carries out the wet method of artificial fertilization.Before insemination,, according to different germ plasm resource, formulate the mating system of science, be optimized combination.After insemination, adopt that hydrometer method will sink, floating ovum separates, floating ovum is that fertilized egg is counted, then fertilized egg is placed in the net cage of miniflow water and little inflation under 13.5-15 ℃ of water temperature condition and hatches, and through the time of 3-5 days, completes hatching.
(4) high-quality seed rearing
Improve the survival rate of seed and reduce the seed albefaction rate, high-quality ovum and newly hatched larvae are the bases that obtains good seed, and each envirment factor of seed rearing and nutrition bait are the keys that finally obtains the high-quality seed.Research shows, the albefaction rate of seed and the kind of bait and nutrition have close relationship.The reinforcing degree of wheel animalcule, halogen worm and the opportunity of throwing something and feeding are the very important factors.Aspect envirment factor, population density and illumination all have a certain impact to the formation of pigment, explore suitable cultivation density and the suitable illumination of seed rearing by experimental study.
Use the circular cement pit of diameter as 5m, divide and set up communicating pipe so that maintenance water level in water pool and draining are unobstructed outside pond central authorities, pond.The cloth pond density of newly hatched larvae is 0.5-0.8 ten thousand tails/m
2Left and right, the water temperature in the seed rearing process are 16-20 ℃, and temperature, with the speed of 0.5 ℃/day, rises to 20 ℃ from 16; Salinity is 25-30 ‰; The pH scope is 7.82-8.25; Dissolved oxygen is 4.9-8.Omg/L.Open water circulation system, require former seawater after filtration, enter nursery pond after sterilization, sterilization again, adds chlorella every day, and its concentration is 50-80 ten thousand cells/ml, and the waste water of using flows in the outdoor sewage pond by drainage ditch.
4.1 prelarva (1-10 age in days)
The prelarva head is crooked to front lower place, is faint yellow slightly brown., along with the disappearance of oily ball and the formation of fish glue, take on a red color gradually, therefore claim " red seedling ".The cloth pond density of newly hatched larvae is 0.5-0.8 ten thousand tails/m
2Mainly take wheel animalcule as main, artemia nauplii is auxiliary, the wheel animalcule feeding volume is 7/ml, the later stage 1/10ml of artemia nauplii that throws something and feeds, the mode of throwing something and feeding: after wheel animalcule and halogen worm are strengthened, collect with 300 orders and 100 purpose mesh screens respectively, then use a large amount of clean seawater flushings, to flushing water, become limpid, then contain in bucket with clean seawater 1:10 dilution, according to the consumption in every pond, the newly hatched larvae pond of evenly splashing, described wheel animalcule and halogen worm all pass through fortification, hardening agent is Kang Ke A, row kettle algae, and consumption is 60-80g/m
3,, available from Qingdao Samuels Industrial ﹠ Commercial Co., Ltd., according to its specification, strengthen and use.Newly hatched larvae is cultivated 16 ℃-18 ℃ of water temperatures, and prelarva added water in front 3 days, amount of water 5-10%, and 4-10d quantity of exchanged water every day is 20-40%; Add chlorella every day, its concentration is 50-80 ten thousand cells/ml; The faint inflation of the prelarva of 5-10 age in days after the cloth seedling, aeration quantity is controlled at 30L/h/m
3
4.2 postlarva, the 11-25 age in days, obviously, stomach expands in the postlarva differentiation, Quick off the mark, the health chap, become light and colonization are obvious.Be flat-sided flat swimming at water surface, whole health is black, therefore claim " black seedling ".This period mainly take the halogen worm as main (1/ml), wheel animalcule (3/ml) and mixed bait be auxiliary (day feeding volume be body weight 4%), turn gradually mixed bait and halogen worm.Every day, quantity of exchanged water was increased to 70% gradually by 30%, regularly inhaled at the end, cultivated 19 ℃-20 ℃ of water temperatures.Along with the growth of fry strengthens aeration quantity gradually, until 60L/h/m
3
4.3 the postlarva phase (26-50 age in days)
Most of flat swimming, right eye rises, and body surface outward appearance piebald is a lot of, therefore claim " flower seedling ".This period is mainly take (1/, ml) as main, realize that gradually bait converts mixed bait to of mixed bait (day feeding volume as body weight 4%) and halogen worm.Be transitioned into gradually the perennial draingage cultivation from changing water, temperature is 17 ℃-18 ℃.
6.4 young stage (51-80 age in days)
Two are positioned at left side, are sundown, and morphosis is similar to adult fish, and ecological habit and adult fish are close.The mixed bait of throwing something and feeding this period, a day feeding volume is 5% of body weight, perennial draingage is cultivated, and cultivates 17 ℃-18 ℃ of water temperatures; Aeration quantity 60L/h/m
3
6.5 commercial seedling (81-90 age in days)
Body reaches 5 centimetres, and body colour is identical with adult fish, the mixed bait of throwing something and feeding, and a day feeding volume is body weight 6%, perennial draingage is cultivated, and cultivates 15 ℃-16 ℃ of water temperatures; Aeration quantity 60L/h/m
3
Experiment finishes, and produces altogether healthy seedling 300,000 tails, and emergence rate is 45.7%.
Claims (1)
1. the extensive offspring seed cultivation method of green fin black scraper Puffer, comprise the parent population screening, and the parent population reinforced cultivating, adopt ovum, insemination, hatching and high-quality seed rearing, it is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
(1) parent population screening
Existing parent population is screened, the parent population of originating different is implemented optimum organization minute pond cultivate, screening criteria is physical health, without the individuality of illness and wound;
(2) parent population reinforced cultivating
After parent population entered pond, pellet joined by the employing aquatic foods and the high-quality fresh trash fish is fed, and add simultaneously the necessary vitamin of parent population gonad development, lecithin and unsaturated fatty acid;
When parent population being carried out the fortification cultivation, carry out the temperature control light modulation, temperature is controlled at 13-14 ℃, and artificial light source is adopted in illumination, and light application time increased to 16 hours every days gradually by 5 hours every days, and intensity of illumination is at 100-500Lux; Under temperature, illumination regulation and control and fortification breeding condition, the parent population gonad development is accelerated, after 2-3 month, and parent population gonad development full maturity;
(3) adopt ovum, insemination, hatching
Obtain high-quality ovum and seminal fluid by the manual compression method after green fin black scraper Puffer parent population gonadal maturation, then carry out the wet method of artificial fertilization, after insemination, adopting hydrometer method will sink, float ovum separates, floating ovum is fertilized egg, counts the statistics fertilization rate, again fertilized egg is placed under 13.5-15 ℃ of water temperature condition in the net cage of miniflow water and little inflation and hatches, through the time of 3-5 days, complete hatching;
(4) high-quality seed rearing
Water temperature in the seed rearing process is 16-20 ℃; Salinity is 25-30 ‰; PH is 7.82-8.25, and dissolved oxygen is 4.9-8.0mg/L, and cultivating water is the open cycle system, and seawater after filtration, enter nursery pond after sterilization, sterilization again;
4.1 prelarva, the 1-10 age in days, the cloth pond density of newly hatched larvae is 0.5-0.8 ten thousand tails/m
2, mainly take wheel animalcule as main, artemia nauplii is auxiliary, cultivates 16 ℃-18 ℃ of water temperatures; Prelarva added water in front 3 days, amount of water 5-10%, and 4-10d quantity of exchanged water every day is 20-40%; Add chlorella every day, its concentration is 50-80 ten thousand cells/ml; Faint inflation, aeration quantity is controlled at 30L/h/m
3
4.2 postlarva, the 11-25 age in days, mainly take the halogen worm as main, wheel animalcule and mixed bait are auxiliary, change into gradually mixed bait and halogen worm, and quantity of exchanged water strengthens, and every day, quantity of exchanged water was increased to 70% gradually by 30%, regularly inhaled at the end, cultivated 19 ℃-20 ℃ of water temperatures; Along with the growth of fry strengthens aeration quantity gradually, until 60L/h/m
3
4.3 the postlarva phase, 26-50 age in days, postlarva phase, throw something and feed mixed bait and halogen worm, mixed bait day feeding volume be body weight 4%, halogen worm feeding volume is 1/ml, realize that gradually bait converts mixed bait to, from changing water, be transitioned into gradually the perennial draingage cultivation, cultivate 17 ℃-18 ℃ of water temperatures;
4.4 young stage, the 51-80 age in days, the mixed bait of throwing something and feeding, a day feeding volume is 5% of body weight, perennial draingage is cultivated, and cultivates 17 ℃-18 ℃ of water temperatures, aeration quantity 60L/h/m
3
4.5 commercial seedling, the 81-90 age in days, the mixed bait of throwing something and feeding, a day feeding volume is 6% of body weight, perennial draingage is cultivated, and cultivates 16 ℃ of water temperatures, aeration quantity 60L/h/m
3
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| CN110074023B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-12-29 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Navodon septentrionalis fry breeding method |
| CN110214727A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-10 | 宁德市南海水产科技有限公司 | A kind of green fin black scraper Puffer north educate the feeding technology in south |
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| CN110537507A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-06 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Pond ecological breeding method for thamnaconus modestus |
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| CN113455428B (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2022-05-27 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Artificial breeding method for Mafu fish |
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| JP2007215538A (en) * | 2006-01-17 | 2007-08-30 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | Method for culturing puffers and culture apparatus |
| JP2007236386A (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-09-20 | Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd | Fish-farming feed added with marine alga powder and lactic acid bacterium |
| JP2009060852A (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-03-26 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | Feed for marine animal resources, and method of feeding fishery resource animals using the same |
| JP2010000009A (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2010-01-07 | Kakei Gakuen | Water for artificial feeding and material for preparing water for artificial feeding |
| JP2010142128A (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2010-07-01 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | Mixed feed for puffer and method for culturing puffer |
| CN102178109B (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2013-04-10 | 中国海洋大学 | Parent Navodon septentrionalis reproduction maturing promoting bait and preparation method thereof |
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Denomination of invention: Large scale seedling cultivation method of green fin puffer Effective date of registration: 20211203 Granted publication date: 20131113 Pledgee: Shandong Haiyang Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Haiyang Yellow Sea Aquatic Product Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021980013841 |
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