CN110998816B - 整体式陶瓷气体分配板 - Google Patents
整体式陶瓷气体分配板 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110998816B CN110998816B CN201880050217.XA CN201880050217A CN110998816B CN 110998816 B CN110998816 B CN 110998816B CN 201880050217 A CN201880050217 A CN 201880050217A CN 110998816 B CN110998816 B CN 110998816B
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 208
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxozirconium Chemical compound [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;oxygen(2-);yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Y+3] JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 zirconium aluminate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B18/00—Layered products essentially comprising ceramics, e.g. refractory products
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45544—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45563—Gas nozzles
- C23C16/45576—Coaxial inlets for each gas
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02263—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase
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- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02296—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer
- H01L21/02299—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer pre-treatment
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/306—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching
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- H01L21/48—Manufacture or treatment of parts, e.g. containers, prior to assembly of the devices, using processes not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326
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Abstract
一种用于处理室(其中能处理半导体衬底)中的整体式陶瓷气体分配板包括:整体式陶瓷体,其具有上表面、下表面以及在上表面和下表面之间延伸的外圆柱形面。下表面包括在均匀间隔开的第一位置处的第一气体出口,第一气体出口通过第一组竖直延伸的通孔与上表面中的第一气体入口流体连通,第一组竖直延伸的通孔将第一气体入口与第一气体出口连接。下表面还包括在与第一位置相邻的均匀间隔开的第二位置处的第二气体出口,第二气体出口通过第二组竖直延伸的通孔与整体式陶瓷体内的内部气室流体连通,第二组竖直延伸的通孔将第二气体出口与内部气室连接。内部气室与位于上表面的中心部分中的第二气体入口流体连通;内部气室由内上壁、内下壁、内外壁和在内上壁和内下壁之间延伸的成组的柱限定。第一组竖直延伸的通孔中的每一个穿过柱中的相应的一个柱以将第一气体和第二气体隔离开。
Description
背景技术
喷头组件通常用于半导体制造模块中,以在沉积、蚀刻或其他工艺中在晶片或衬底的表面上分配工艺气体。一些工艺使用顺序的气体输送来在第一和第二气体供应之间交替。
一些半导体制造方法需要使用不应彼此接触的工艺气体。虽然存在气体输送系统,其将工艺气体隔离,直到将它们引入到对半导体衬底进行处理的反应空间,但是这种系统可能无法在整个衬底上提供均匀的气体分配。因此,需要改进的气体输送系统,其可以隔离工艺气体并将气体均匀地引入整个衬底。
发明内容
公开了一种整体式陶瓷气体分配板,其包括嵌入式电极。下文以及贯穿本申请描述了这种喷头的各种实现方式。应当理解,以下讨论的实现方式不应被视为将本公开限制为仅示出的实现方式。相反,与本文概述的原理和概念相符的其他实现方式也可以落入本公开的范围内。
在一实施方案中,一种用于处理室(其中能够处理半导体衬底)中的整体式陶瓷气体分配板包括:整体式陶瓷体,其具有上表面、下表面以及在所述上表面和所述下表面之间延伸的外圆柱形面。所述下表面包括在均匀间隔开的第一位置处的第一气体出口,并且所述第一气体出口通过第一组竖直延伸的通孔与所述上表面中的第一气体入口流体连通,所述第一组竖直延伸的通孔将所述第一气体入口与所述第一气体出口连接。所述下表面包括在与第一位置相邻的均匀间隔开的第二位置处的第二气体出口,所述第二气体出口通过第二组竖直延伸的通孔与所述整体式陶瓷体内的内部气室流体连通,所述第二组竖直延伸的通孔将所述第二气体出口与所述内部气室连接。所述内部气室与位于所述上表面的中心部分中的第二气体入口流体连通;所述内部气室由内上壁、内下壁、内外壁和在所述内上壁和所述内下壁之间延伸的成组的柱限定。在该实施方案中,所述第一组竖直延伸的通孔中的每一个通孔穿过所述柱中的相应的一个柱。
在上面所述的整体式陶瓷气体分配板中,所述上表面还包括环形槽,所述环形槽围绕所述第二气体入口。
在上面所述的整体式陶瓷气体分配板中,所述第一组竖直延伸的通孔中的每一个的直径可以比所述柱的直径小约3倍至约5倍,或者比所述柱的直径小约6至约10倍。
在上面所述的整体式陶瓷气体分配板中,平面电极可以嵌入所述整体式陶瓷体中。所述平面电极具有在其内的在所述第一组竖直延伸的通孔的位置处和在所述第二组竖直延伸的通孔的位置处的间隙,所述间隙被配置成使得所述平面电极不暴露于穿过所述第一组竖直延伸的通孔和所述第二组竖直延伸的通孔的气体。
在上面所述的整体式陶瓷气体分配板中,所述柱可以是具有相同直径的圆柱形柱和/或所述圆柱形柱可以被布置成由所述第二组竖直延伸的通孔的同心排隔开的同心排。
在上面所述的整体式陶瓷气体分配板中,所述柱可以是具有相同直径的圆柱形柱,所述气室的高度可以大约等于所述柱的直径。
在上面所述的整体式陶瓷气体分配板中,嵌入式电极可以位于所述内部气室下方,并且导电通路可以在所述整体式陶瓷体的外周与所述第一气体出口的最外排之间的周向间隔开的位置处从所述嵌入式电极的外部向上延伸。
在上面所述的整体式陶瓷气体分配板中,所述下表面可以包括环形凹槽,所述环形凹槽从所述整体式陶瓷体的外周向内延伸小于所述整体式陶瓷体的厚度的距离。
附图说明
图1描绘了半导体处理室的横截面。
图2描绘了安装在喷头组件中的整体式陶瓷气体分配板的透视剖视图。
图3描绘了图2中所示的喷头组件的等距剖视图。
图4示出了图2中所示的喷头组件的中心部分的透视剖视图。
图5描绘了图2中所示的喷头组件的气体输送组件的顶部透视图。
图6是图5所示的气体输送组件的仰视图。
图7示出了图2所示的整体式陶瓷气体分配板的底部的透视剖视图。
图8示出了图2所示的整体式陶瓷气体分配板的外部的截面图。
图9示出了图2所示的整体式陶瓷气体分配板的外部的透视剖视图。
图10示出了图9所示的整体式陶瓷气体分配板的外部的透视图,其中上层被除去。
具体实施方式
根据本公开的气体分配板(在本文中也称为“面板”)分配气体并在电容耦合等离子体(CCP)工艺中用作电极。气体分配板包括陶瓷体。在一些示例中,可以使用氮化铝(AlN)、氧化铝(Al2O3)、氮化硅(Si3N4)、氧化钇(Y2O3)、氧化锆(ZrO2)以及由其制成的复合物。仅举例而言,铝酸锆或铝酸钇可用于提供对氟的高耐腐蚀性。气体分配板包括用于气体分配的通孔和嵌入式电极。在一些示例中,导电通路被布置在面板的外径周围,以将射频(RF)功率传导到嵌入式电极。
在一些示例中,电极和通路由热膨胀系数(CTE)与陶瓷的CTE紧密匹配的金属制成。在一些示例中,可以使用钼、钨或其他合适的金属或金属合金。在PECVD(等离子体增强化学气相沉积)或PEALD(等离子体增强原子层沉积)反应器中,气体分配板充当RF供电电极,以产生电容耦合等离子体(CCP)。
陶瓷的使用使得面板能在高温环境中使用。气体分配板解决了高温PECVD或PEALD反应器的问题,这些反应器要求气体分配板充当CCP电路中的供电电极。陶瓷还使气体分配板能够抵抗大多数气体化学物质和等离子体的腐蚀。在一些示例中,气体分配板用于在400℃至1100℃之间的温度和/或使用腐蚀性气体化学性质操作的CCP反应器中。替代地,该气体分配板可在任何PECVD CCP反应器中用作电极,或在任何CVD反应器中用作气体分配板。
现在参考图1,示出了处理室100的示例。处理室100包括与衬底支撑件114相邻布置的气体分配设备112。在一些示例中,处理室100可以布置在另一处理室内部。基座可用于将衬底支撑件114提升到适当位置以产生微处理体积。气体分配设备112包括面板124和上部120,该上部120包括用于输送工艺气体和吹扫气体和/或去除废气的各种空腔,这将在下面进一步描述。
在一些示例中,面板124由诸如氮化铝之类的非导电陶瓷材料制成。面板124包括陶瓷体,该陶瓷体具有第一表面126、第二表面127(其与第一表面相反并且在使用过程中面向衬底)、侧表面128和孔130(其从第一表面126延伸至第二表面127)。面板124可以放置在隔离器132上。在一些示例中,隔离器132可以由Al2O3或另一种合适的材料制成。面板124可以包括嵌入式电极138。在一些示例中,衬底支撑件114接地或浮动,并且面板124连接到等离子体发生器142。等离子体发生器142包括RF源146和匹配与分配电路148。
在图1的示例中,上部120可以包括限定第一腔156的中心区段152。在一些示例中,中心区段152由Al2O3或另一种合适的材料制成。可以提供气体输送系统160以向处理室100供应一种或多种工艺气体、吹扫气体等。气体输送系统160可以包括与相应的质量流量控制器(MFC)166、阀170和歧管172流体连通的一种或多种气体源164。歧管172与第一腔156流体连通。气体输送系统计量将包括一种或多种工艺气体的气体混合物输送到歧管172。在输送到处理室100之前,先在歧管172中混合气体。如下面所解释的,面板124可以具有两组气体出口,其用于彼此独立地输送两种不同的气体化学物质。
上部120还包括围绕中心区段152布置的径向外部区段180。径向外部区段180可以包括一个或多个层182-1、182-2、…、和182-N(统称为层182),其中N是大于零的整数。在图1的示例中,径向外部区段180包括限定排气和气帘腔的N=3层182,但是可以使用更多或更少的层。中心区段152和径向外部区段180相对于面板124以隔开的关系布置以限定第二腔190。工艺气体从气体输送系统160通过第一腔156流到第二腔190。第二腔190中的工艺气体流过面板124中的第一多个孔130,以使工艺气体均匀地分布在布置在衬底支撑件114上的衬底上。在一些示例中,加热衬底支撑件114。
可以提供一个或多个环形密封件以分离第二腔190的不同部分。在一些示例中,环形密封件是镀镍的环形密封件。例如,可以分别提供第一环形密封件204和第二环形密封件208,以限定分别在第二腔190的供应部分210、第二腔190的排放部分212和气帘部分214之间的边界。可以通过气体源270和阀272将吹扫气体供应到气帘部分214。
在该示例中,第一环形密封件204限定了供应部分210和排放部分212之间的边界。可以提供第三环形密封件220(与第二环形密封件208结合)以限定第二腔190的气帘部分214。在该示例中,第二环形密封件208限定第二腔190的排放部分212和气帘部分214之间的边界。第一、第二和第三环形密封件204、208和220分别可以包括环形金属密封件。
径向外部区段180还限定了从第二腔190的排放部分212接收排放气体的排放入口240和排放腔242。阀250和泵252可用于将排放部分212排空。径向外部区段180还限定了气帘腔260和气帘出口262,气帘腔260和气帘出口262向第二腔190的气帘部分214供应吹扫气体。气体源270和阀272可用于控制供应到气帘的吹扫气体。
第三环形密封件220还可以提供从等离子体发生器142到嵌在面板124中的电极138的电连接,但可以使用其他方法来连接电极138。
控制器280可用于使用传感器监视系统参数,并控制气体输送系统160、等离子体发生器142和工艺的其他部件。
图2示出了喷头模块300的横截面,其中气体输送组件400可通过居中定位的内部导管402供应第一气体,并通过围绕内部导管402的一个或多个外部导管404供应第二气体。气体输送组件400的上端包括内部密封件406和外部密封件408,例如金属C形环或O形环,以将第一气体和第二气体隔离开。气体输送组件400的下端包括外部密封件410,例如金属C形环或O形环,其抵靠喷头模块300的下部板302密封,使得流过一个或多个外部导管404的第二气体进入下部板的中心孔304。气体输送组件400的下端包括中心管状延伸部412,该中心管状延伸部412经由诸如金属C形环或O形环之类的内部密封件416抵靠面板500的上表面密封。如下文更详细描述的,第二气体流入下部板302的下表面和面板500的上表面之间的第一气室(上部气室)414,并且第一气体流入面板500中的第二气室(内部气室)502。因此,当在半导体衬底的处理期间将第一气体和第二气体供应到面板500下方的反应区域504中时,第一气体和第二气体可以彼此隔离。
气体输送组件400可以通过安装凸缘418安装到喷头模块300的顶板306上,该安装凸缘418通过合适的紧固件420(例如螺栓)连接到顶板306上。气体输送组件400包括上部气体连接凸缘422和下部陶瓷材料杆424,诸如单片氧化铝。内部导管402可以具有任何合适的直径,例如0.2至0.3英寸,优选地约0.25英寸。外部导管404可包括六个周向间隔开的具有相同直径(例如0.1至0.2英寸,优选地为约0.15英寸)的外部导管404。六个外部导管404可位于围绕上管状延伸部428的环形凹槽426中,内部密封件406支撑在该上管状延伸部上。
顶板306可包括连接至中间板310中的一个或多个腔308的一个或多个导管,该中间板适于供应或排放来自反应区域504的气体。例如,外部腔308可连接至隔离器314中的外环气体通道312,其围绕顶板306以提供惰性气体帘,该惰性气体帘在反应区域504周围形成气体密封,如图3所示。为了排空气体,隔离器可以包括内环排放气体通道316,其连接到腔318,从而将排放气体排出到排气管线。
图4示出了气体输送组件400的杆424的管状延伸部412与面板500之间的连接的细节。如图所示,内部密封件416位于面板500的上表面508中的环形凹槽506中。延伸到上表面508中的中心孔510与面板500中的内部气室502流体连通,并且第一气体通道512在内部气室502和面板500的下表面514之间延伸,使得由气体输送组件400的内部导管402输送的第一气体能被输送到反应区域504。
面板500包括从上表面508延伸到下表面514的第二气体通道516。第二气体通道516使得通过一个或多个外部导管404传输到面板500上方的上部气室414的第二气体能够传输到反应区域504中。为了防止第一气体和第二气体在到达反应区域504之前接触,第二气体通道516延伸穿过圆柱形柱518。柱518使内部气室502的容积最大化,并且提高了第一气体在正经受处理的半导体衬底上的流动均匀性。面板500还包括将RF能量耦合到反应区域504中的嵌入式电极520。在一实施方案中,上表面508和下表面514是平坦表面,并且嵌入式电极520是平行于平坦的上表面和下表面508、514定位的平面电极。
图5示出了气体输送组件400的上端的细节。气体输送组件400包括气体连接凸缘,所述气体连接凸缘具有六个孔,六个孔用于接收紧固件以附接合适的气体供应源,该气体供应源向内部导管402供给第一气体,并且向六个外部气体导管404供给第二气体。如图6所示,气体输送组件400具有下端,该下端具有在杆424的下端面中的六个外部导管404和在管状延伸部412中的内部导管402的出口。
图7是面板500的透视截面图,其中可以看到,下表面514具有均匀分布的第一气体通道512和第二气体通道516的出口。例如,气体通道512的出口可以是布置成同心排,并且气体通道516的出口可以布置成插入在成排的气体通道512之间的同心排。面板还包括连接到嵌入式电极520的导电通路522。例如,导电通路522可以位于气体通道512、516的最外排的外部和/或导电通路522可以部分或全部延伸到面板500的上表面。
图8是面板500的外部的横截面。如图所示,导电通路522从上表面508延伸到嵌入式电极520。嵌入式电极520优选是在气体通道512、516的位置处的具有开口的连续板或栅格。导电通路522可以位于没有气体通道512、516的环形区域523中。可替代地,气体通道512、516可以在整个面板500的下表面完全延伸,并且导电通路522可延伸到气体通道512、516的一或多个最外排。
图9是面板500在穿过气体通道516的位置处的透视截面图。如图所示,气体通道512从气体通道516偏移,并且在内部气室502中仅可看见气体通道512的入口。气体通道516可以以任何合适的图案布置,例如布置成一系列同心排。同样,如图10所示,其中未示出面板500的顶部以更好地示出柱518,气体通道512也可以布置成同心排图案。
在制造面板500中,根据需要堆叠并加工陶瓷生片层,以提供电极500、导电通路522、内部气室502、柱518、气体通道512、气体通道516、中心孔510和环形凹槽506。在上述实现方式中,陶瓷面板是基本环形的盘,其直径足够大以处理300mm或450mm直径的半导体晶片。
如上所述,陶瓷面板500可以包括嵌入式电极520和接触通路522,接触通路522可以电连接到接触环上的支座柱,支座柱通过陶瓷面板中的支座盲孔穿过陶瓷面板500,并且可以通过接触贴片与嵌入式电极520电接触。例如,可以使用扩散结合或焊接(diffusionbonding or brazing)将嵌入式电极520熔合到接触贴片处的支座。建立导电接头的其他等效融合技术也可以使用。接触环上的支座可以与接触环分开制造,然后再连接到接触环上。例如,接触环可以包括一个或多个孔特征,这些孔特征被设计成分别容纳支座柱,所述支座柱然后被固定到接触环。支座柱与接触环的连接可以是永久的,例如,熔融结合或焊接(fusion bonding or brazing),或者是可逆的,例如,螺纹连接或螺钉连接。接触环和支座可以为RF功率源或接地源提供到达嵌入式电极520的一个或多个导电路径。为了提供与钨或钼嵌入式电极的兼容的热膨胀,可以由钨或钼制造接触环。参见,例如,共同转让的美国公开申请No.2012/0222815,其公开内容通过引用结合于本文。
嵌入式电极520和整体式陶瓷气体分配板500可以包括小气体分配孔的图案。在一实现方式中,大约1000至3000个气体分配孔可以穿过嵌入式电极520到达整体式陶瓷气体分配板500的暴露表面。例如,陶瓷气体分配板500中的气体分配孔的直径可以为0.03英寸,而嵌入式电极520中的相应孔的直径可以为0.15英寸。也可以使用其他气体分配孔尺寸,例如,直径在0.02英寸至0.06英寸范围内的尺寸。通常,嵌入式电极520中的孔的直径比陶瓷气体分配板500中对应的气体分配孔的直径大至少两倍,但嵌入式电极520中的孔的直径比陶瓷气体分配板500中的气体分配孔的直径中优选大至少0.1英寸,以防止陶瓷层分层并确保嵌入式电极520不会暴露于工艺气体或清洁气体。
气体分配孔512,516可以以任何期望的配置布置,包括以栅格阵列、极性阵列、螺旋形、偏移螺旋形、六角形阵列等布置。气体分配孔布置可以导致整个喷头的孔密度变化。取决于所需的气体流量,可以在不同的位置使用不同直径的气体分配孔。在优选的实现方式中,气体分配孔均具有相同的公称直径和孔与孔之间的间隔,并且使用不同直径的孔圆以及用不同数量的孔来图案化。
气体分配孔512,516可以具有均匀的直径或直径在整个陶瓷气体分配板500的厚度上变化。例如,气体分配孔在陶瓷气体分配板500的面对下部板302的表面上可以是第一直径,并且当气体分配孔离开面对要处理的衬底的暴露的下表面514时可以是第二直径。第一直径可以大于第二直径。不管改变气体分配孔尺寸的可能性如何,嵌入式电极520中的孔的尺寸都可以相对于在与嵌入式电极520相同的平面中测得的陶瓷气体分布板500中的气体分配孔的直径确定。
陶瓷面板500可以由氧化铝(Al2O3)或氮化铝(AlN)、氮化硅(Si3N4)或碳化硅制成。也可以使用在高温(即500-600℃)下表现出强的抗氟侵蚀性和良好的尺寸稳定性的其他材料。可能需要选择使用的特定陶瓷,以避免与特定半导体加工应用中使用的工艺气体发生化学相互作用。氮化硼(BN)和氧氮化铝(AlON)是可用于此应用的陶瓷的其他示例,尽管由于制造问题,这些材料可能难以实现。
嵌入式电极520以及通向嵌入式电极520的导电路径的元件可以例如由钨或钼制成。可以使用耐高温以及具有与陶瓷面板材料相似的热膨胀系数的其他导电材料。通向嵌入式电极520的导电路径的可能未封装在陶瓷气体分配板500内的部分可以涂覆有保护涂层,例如镀镍,从而可以防止或减少由于工艺气体暴露而对导电路径的破坏。也可以使用其他保护性涂层,例如在高温下保持其抗腐蚀和抗氧化性的贵金属涂层,贵金属如金、铂、钯或铱。
接触环也可以由钨或钼制成;接触环通常可以由与嵌入式电极粘结兼容且具有类似热膨胀特性的材料制成。
整体式陶瓷气体分配板500可以安装在室中,以提供上部气室(气室1),该上部气室(气室1)通过较长的气体通道516输送气体,而气体从内部气室502(气室2)通过较短的气体通道512输送。可以通过流延层压制造技术来制造面板500,并且可以在生坯状态下加工诸如支柱(柱518)和环形凹槽506之类的大多数结构特征。上部气室(气室1)可以没有挡板,以允许从外部气体导管404输送的气体不受限制地在上部气室414(气室1)中流动,并通过较长的气体通道516排出。类似地,由内部导管402输送的气体可以自由地流过内部气室502(气室2)并通过较短的气体通道512流出。较长的气体通道516的数量可以比较短的气体通道512的数量大,以补偿由于较长的气体通道而导致的较高的压降516。例如,陶瓷气体分配板500可以具有约910-930个较短的气体通道512和约960-980个较长的气体通道516。较长的气体通道516可以布置成同心的圆形排,例如15-20排孔。类似地,较短的气体通道512可以布置成与较长的气体通道516的排交替的同心的圆形排,例如15-20排孔。优选地,较长的气体通道516以与较短的气体通道512相同的排数布置,并且对于较长和较短的气体通道512、516,孔之间的径向间距是相同的。内部气室502优选具有约0.1英寸或更小的小高度,总体积为约200cc或更小。在一实施方案中,气体通道512、516靠近陶瓷气体分配板500的外周延伸,并且用于向嵌入式电极520供电的六个导电通路522可以位于延伸到一个或多个最外排的气体通道512、516中的位置。
在ALD处理中,依次提供不同的气体化学物质以执行配料步骤和随后的转化步骤的循环。当使用陶瓷气体分配板500进行ALD时,可将配料气体供应到与更多数量的较长气体通道516流体连通的气室1(上部气室414)中,并将转化气体供应至与较少数量的较短的气体通道512流体连通的气室2(内部气室502)。
尽管这里已经参考附图详细描述了本发明的几种实现方式,但是应当理解,本发明不限于这些精确的实现方式,并且本领域技术人员可以在其中进行各种改变和修改,而不脱离所附权利要求书所限定的本发明的精神范围。
Claims (19)
1.一种用于化学沉积装置中的整体式陶瓷气体分配板,其中能够处理半导体衬底,所述气体分配板包括:
整体式陶瓷体,其具有上表面、下表面以及在所述上表面和所述下表面之间延伸的外圆柱形面,
所述整体式陶瓷体还包括所述下表面中的在均匀间隔开的第一位置处的第一气体出口,所述第一气体出口通过第一组竖直延伸的通孔与所述上表面中的第一气体入口流体连通,所述第一组竖直延伸的通孔将所述第一气体入口与所述第一气体出口连接;
所述整体式陶瓷体还包括所述下表面中的在与第一位置相邻的均匀间隔开的第二位置处的第二气体出口,所述第二气体出口通过第二组竖直延伸的通孔与所述整体式陶瓷体内的内部气室流体连通,所述第二组竖直延伸的通孔将所述第二气体出口与所述内部气室连接,所述内部气室与位于所述上表面的中心部分中的第二气体入口流体连通,其中所述第一气体入口和所述第一气体出口分别与所述第二气体入口和所述第二气体出口隔离开;
所述内部气室由内上壁、内下壁、内外壁和在所述整体式陶瓷体内一体化形成的成组的柱限定,所述成组的柱在所述内上壁和所述内下壁之间延伸;
所述第一组竖直延伸的通孔中的每一个通孔穿过所述柱中的相应的一个柱;以及
中心气体输送组件,其延伸至所述整体式陶瓷体的所述上表面,所述中心气体输送组件包括用于供应所述第一气体的外部导管和被所述外部导管包围用于输送所述第二气体的内部导管,所述第一气体和所述第二气体基本上同时且彼此独立地输送到所述气体分配板的不同内表面上,所述第一气体和所述第二气体在被引入之前不会在所述化学沉积装置内位于所述气体分配板下方的反应区域内混合;
嵌入所述整体式陶瓷体中的平面电极,所述平面电极具有在其内的在所述第一组竖直延伸的通孔的位置处和在所述第二组竖直延伸的通孔的位置处的间隙,使得所述平面电极不暴露于穿过所述第一组竖直延伸的通孔和所述第二组竖直延伸的通孔的气体;以及
导电通路,其被布置在所述外圆柱形面周围并被配置成将射频功率传导到所述嵌入的平面电极。
2.根据权利要求1所述的整体式陶瓷气体分配板,其还包括在所述上表面中的环形槽,所述环形槽围绕所述第二气体入口。
3.根据权利要求1所述的整体式陶瓷气体分配板,其中,所述柱是具有相同直径的圆柱形柱,并且所述第一组竖直延伸的通孔中的每一个的直径比所述柱的直径小3倍至5倍,或者比所述柱的直径小6至10倍。
4.根据权利要求1所述的整体式陶瓷气体分配板,其中,所述柱是具有相同直径的圆柱形柱,所述柱布置成由所述第二组竖直延伸的通孔的同心排隔开的同心排。
5.根据权利要求1所述的整体式陶瓷气体分配板,其中,所述上表面和下表面是平坦表面,并且所述柱是具有相同直径的圆柱形柱,所述内部气室的高度大约等于所述柱的直径。
6.根据权利要求1所述的整体式陶瓷气体分配板,其还包括在所述内部气室下方的嵌入式电极和在所述整体式陶瓷体的外周与所述第一气体出口的最外排之间的周向间隔开的位置处从所述嵌入式电极向上延伸的导电通路。
7.根据权利要求1所述的整体式陶瓷气体分配板,其还包括围绕所述下表面的环形凹槽,所述环形凹槽从所述整体式陶瓷体的外周向内延伸小于所述整体式陶瓷体的厚度的距离。
8.一种喷头模块,其包括根据权利要求1所述的气体分配板和气体输送组件,所述喷头模块包括顶板,所述顶板支撑所述气体输送组件,使得所述气体输送组件的杆延伸穿过所述喷头模块中的下部板中的中心孔,所述气体分配组件包括与所述内部气室流体连通的居中定位的内部气体导管,该内部气体导管与在所述下部板的下表面和所述整体式陶瓷体的所述上表面之间的上部气室流体连通的至少一个外部气体导管。
9.根据权利要求8所述的喷头模块,其中,所述气体输送组件的所述杆的下端包括在所述下部板的所述下表面下方延伸的管状延伸部,并且环形密封件位于所述管状延伸部的端部与所述整体式陶瓷体的所述上表面之间,以将通过所述居中定位的内部气体导管输送的气体与通过所述至少一个外部气体导管输送的气体隔离。
10.根据权利要求9所述的喷头模块,其中,所述下部板包括:中心孔,所述中心孔向外通过与所述上部气室流体连通的环形间隙与所述管状延伸部间隔开;以及在所述下部板的上表面的环形槽中的环形密封件抵靠所述杆的所述下端密封。
11.根据权利要求8所述的喷头模块,其中,所述气体输送组件包括:附接到所述喷头模块的所述顶板上的向外延伸的安装凸缘,在所述杆的上端处的上部气体连接凸缘,所述气体连接凸缘包括在其上表面中的环形凹槽,并且所述至少一个外部气体导管包括至少六个周向间隔开的外部气体导管,其入口在所述环形凹槽内。
12.根据权利要求1所述的气体分配板的制造方法,其包括:在第一陶瓷生片上加工所述第二组竖直延伸的通孔;在所述第一陶瓷生片的上表面上印刷所述嵌入式电极;在所述第一陶瓷生片上覆盖第二陶瓷生片;在所述第二陶瓷生片中加工所述内部气室和柱;在所述第二陶瓷生片上覆盖第三陶瓷生片;在所述第一、第二和第三陶瓷生片中加工所述第一组通孔,以使所述第一组竖直延伸的通孔中的每一个都穿过所述柱中的相应的一个柱;并且烧结所述陶瓷生片以形成所述整体式陶瓷气体分配板。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,所述嵌入式电极由热膨胀系数与所述整体式陶瓷体的热膨胀系数匹配的材料制成。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,所述嵌入式电极由钼和/或钨制成。
15.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,所述陶瓷生片由选自由氮化铝(AlN)、氧化铝(Al2O3)、氮化硅(Si3N4)、氧化钇(Y2O3)、氧化锆(ZrO2)及它们的复合物组成的组中的材料制成。
16.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其还包括在所述第三陶瓷生片的上表面中加工气体入口和环形槽。
17.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其还包括:在所述第三陶瓷生片的外周与所述第一气体出口的最外排之间的周向间隔的位置处、在所述第三陶瓷生片中加工通路,并且用导电材料至少部分地填充所述通路中的每一个,所述导电材料提供与所述嵌入式电极的电连接。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法,其中,所述通路被部分地填充,使得凹槽延伸到所述整体式陶瓷体的所述上表面中。
19.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其还包括形成围绕所述下表面的环形凹槽,使得所述环形凹槽从所述整体式陶瓷体的外周向内延伸的距离小于所述整体式陶瓷体的厚度,并且加工在所述第三陶瓷生片的中心部分中的气体入口,以使所述气体入口与内部气室流体连通。
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JP7292256B2 (ja) | 2023-06-16 |
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