CN110915564A - Method for cultivating imitating wild dendrobium officinale in fir forest and trunk fixing device thereof - Google Patents
Method for cultivating imitating wild dendrobium officinale in fir forest and trunk fixing device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/27—Pulp, e.g. bagasse
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wild-simulated dendrobium officinale cultivation method for a fir forest and a trunk fixing device thereof, which are characterized in that fir forest trees with the diameter at breast height of more than or equal to 15cm are used as dendrobium officinale cultivation fixing objects, spraying pipelines are arranged at the height position of more than 2 m of the fir trees, planting utensils are spirally arranged at the position of less than 2 m of the trunk along the circumference of the trunk through the trunk fixing device, a net basket is arranged on the trunk fixing device, a moisturizing bottom material is paved in the net basket, the bottom material comprises 60% of bamboo shavings, 20% of sawdust and 20% of bark by mass percent, cultivation soil and dendrobium officinale plantlets are planted in the net basket paved with the moisturizing bottom material, and in daily management, when the humidity does not meet the growth requirement of the dendrobium officinale, spraying humidification is carried out. The low yield or dead yield phenomenon in special climate is avoided, the healthy growth requirement of the dendrobium officinale is met, the low-intensity operation requirements of workers on installation, daily management, harvesting and the like are met, the fixing mode is simple and reliable, and the fir tree is not damaged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dendrobium officinale cultivation technology, in particular to a method for cultivating imitated wild dendrobium officinale in a fir forest and a trunk fixing device thereof.
Background
The wild-simulated cultivation of dendrobium officinale is one of the modes selected by a plurality of enterprises in recent years, and is mainly applied according to the self environmental conditions. The wild-imitating shrubbery is mainly selected as a cultivation land, and original ecological management is carried out on the dendrobium officinale according to the habit of the dendrobium officinale. There are also many such cultivation methods in the public technology, for example, patent publication No. CN108012907A discloses a method for planting dendrobium officinale on trees, which comprises sterilizing fresh moss, and airing greenhouse acclimated seedlings of dendrobium officinale from a greenhouse; pre-rooting the aired dendrobium officinale seedlings; selecting broad-leaved trees, and planting the dendrobium officinale on the broad-leaved trees brushed with the mixed aqueous solution of the carbendazim and the rooting powder; wrapping the Dendrobium officinale seedlings with fermented moss, and fixing the Dendrobium officinale in the treated place with palm bark or straw rope; also, for example, in a method for planting dendrobium officinale under a wild-like condition designed in patent publication No. CN104642080A, dendrobium officinale is cultivated in a forest with a shade degree of 50-70%, a wild growth environment is simulated, and the dendrobium officinale is cultivated while black fungus is cultivated. Although the existing methods have certain effects, the dendrobium officinale seedlings cannot be fixed for a long time and are easy to separate from the fixed points so as to fall off, the water retention and nutrient storage capacity are poor, the yield is low, and people cannot take measures in particularly arid seasons. The ground cultivation is not only easy to be covered by the leaves, but also can be bitten by animals, and the management difficulty is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a method for cultivating the wild-simulated dendrobium officinale in the fir forest and a trunk fixing device thereof.
The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme: a cultivation method of imitating wild dendrobium officinale in a fir forest is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, selecting a fir forest, and taking fir trees with the diameter at breast height of more than or equal to 15cm as a dendrobium officinale cultivation and fixing object.
Secondly, arranging a spraying pipeline at the position of the fir tree with the height of more than 2 meters.
Thirdly, arranging field planting devices along the trunk circumference at the position below the height of 2 m of the trunk of the fir tree through a trunk fixing device; the trunk fixing device is spirally arranged along the trunk from bottom to top, and the net basket is arranged on the trunk fixing device.
Fourthly, paving a moisturizing base material in the net blue, wherein the base material comprises 60% of bamboo shavings, 20% of wood chips and 20% of bark according to mass percentage.
And fifthly, adding culture soil and planting dendrobium officinale seedlings into the net blue paved with the moisturizing bottom material.
And sixthly, in the daily management, when the humidity does not meet the growth requirement of the dendrobium officinale, spraying and humidifying are carried out.
In the method for cultivating the wild-simulated dendrobium officinale in the fir forest, preferably, the spray pipeline is arranged and fixed on the fir tree by adopting a hose, and a spray head is arranged at the part of the fir tree corresponding to a cultivation and fixing object.
In the method for cultivating the wild-simulated dendrobium officinale in the fir forest, preferably, a reservoir is arranged according to the field altitude of the fir forest, and the spraying pipeline is connected to the reservoir.
In the method for cultivating the imitating wild dendrobium officinale in the fir forest, the volume of the net blue is preferably less than or equal to 250cm3。
In the method for cultivating the wild-simulated dendrobium officinale in the fir forest, preferably, 60% of the bamboo shavings in the moisturizing base material are linear fiber bamboo filaments, the maximum width of the cross section is less than or equal to 3mm, and 20% of the barks are pine barks.
In the above method for cultivating artificial wild dendrobium officinale in cedar forest, the culture soil preferably comprises 24 parts by weight of clay soil, 25 parts by weight of vermiculite, 16 parts by weight of perlite, 15 parts by weight of bagasse, 8 parts by weight of straw powder, 5 parts by weight of sawdust, 10 parts by weight of rapeseed dregs, 7 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts by weight of nutrient salt and 2 parts by weight of sugar amino acid.
The trunk fixing device for the wild-simulated dendrobium officinale cultivation of the fir forest is characterized by comprising winding belts, wherein field planting devices are arranged at intervals along the winding belts, each field planting device comprises a net basket woven by bamboo splits, and a bedding layer formed by bamboo shavings, sawdust and barks is arranged in the net basket; the two ends of the winding belt are respectively provided with a binding belt.
In the trunk fixing device for cultivating the artificial wild dendrobium officinale in the fir forest, preferably, the binding band is an elastic band or is provided with a length adjusting device.
In the trunk fixing device for cultivating the artificial wild dendrobium officinale in the fir forest, preferably, the net blue is provided with an arc-shaped surface matched with the surface of the fir tree.
In the trunk fixing device for cultivating the imitating wild dendrobium officinale in the fir forest, preferably, the winding belt is a flat binding belt structure woven by 60% of hemp threads and 40% of straw ropes.
The fir tree belongs to Pinaceae and is a evergreen arbor which is widely distributed in southern areas of China, the height of the fir tree can reach 30 meters, the trunk end is straight, and the tree shape is neat. The green trees of the fir forest are shaded all the year round, and because the leaves are fine, the sunlight is easy to spill into the forest, so that the growing environment which is very suitable for the dendrobium officinale is formed. According to the technical scheme, firstly, a fir forest with the diameter at breast height of more than or equal to 15cm is selected as a fixed object for cultivating the dendrobium officinale, so that enough solid cultivation space is ensured and the damage to young fir plants is avoided. The trunk fixing device is arranged by utilizing the straight trunk part at the lower end of the fir tree with the height of 2 meters, so that the planting personnel can conveniently operate on the ground, and the spraying pipelines are uniformly arranged at the parts with the height of more than 2 meters. The spraying pipeline needs a water source, a water storage tank can be built in a place capable of storing water according to the local environment along mountains, rivers or well water can be introduced, the spraying device is closed at times, and the spraying device is opened for emergency only when the spraying device is particularly dry.
The field planting device in the method is spirally arranged along the trunk through the trunk fixing device, and the dendrobium officinale on each tree can be separated in a staggered mode, so that the trunk space is fully utilized, and each seedling of the dendrobium officinale can fully receive natural gas, such as sunlight, water vapor, wind current and the like.
The dendrobium officinale in the nature is attached to the trees alone and is located the position that enables the seedling to come to a root and fix, like the position such as the tree fork, the horizontal bar that has the horizontal extension form, this scheme designs a completely ventilative net blue, forms with simple establishment of thin bamboo strips, can lay some bottom materials of moisturizing in the net blue, these bottom materials have bamboo shavings, saw-dust, bark etc. form one and can keep warm and extremely ventilative miniature environment again, build an "artificial" natural seedbed for the dendrobium officinale. In the actual operation, culture soil is added in the net blue to provide timely and longer-term nutrient components for the dendrobium officinale seedlings. The net basket generally meets the clustering requirements of the dendrobium officinale, does not need to be large, can be designed in a flat form, and preferably extends along the surface of a trunk.
The bamboo shavings in the heat-insulating base material are mainly soft and linear fiber bamboo filaments, so that the heat-insulating base material is light in weight, good in water-retaining effect and unsuspectable in air permeability; the bark is mainly pine bark, the pine bark can fully absorb water in rainy season, the water retention time is long, no water is accumulated on the surface, and the dendrobium officinale cultivation water retaining agent is very suitable for the growth requirement of the dendrobium officinale.
The method designs a special trunk fixing device, wherein the winding belt adopts hemp threads with certain strength and corrosion resistance as main weaving materials, a certain amount of straws are added, the materials are from crops, the materials are easy to obtain, low in cost and easy to weave, the winding belt is also a breathable object with certain water retention capacity after being woven, and the flat type binding belt structure is more suitable for paving and fixing the net basket along the surface of the trunk. Moreover, this device has set up the bandage respectively at the both ends in winding area, and this kind of bandage has elasticity, and generally speaking, whole trunk fixing device need not change in a harvesting period of dendrobii officmalis caulis, and trees itself can grow up chest diameter grow, and the bandage that the heliciform was arranged is owing to be arranged from top to bottom, so it is very little to receive the change of trees chest diameter, and the bandage generally all directly is fixed along trees diameter department, so elastic bandage can not influence the fir and grows.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: under the condition of imitating the wild, a special drought prevention device is preset, the phenomenon of low yield or dead yield in special climate is avoided, the healthy growth requirement of the dendrobium officinale is met, the low-strength operation requirements of workers on installation, daily management, harvesting and the like are met, the fixing mode is simple and reliable, and the fir tree is not damaged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view of a partial arrangement of the fir forest according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a trunk fixing device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the cultivation layout structure of the single fir tree of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a net blue structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a partial arrangement of a spray line according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the tree comprises a fir tree, 2 parts of a tree trunk fixing device, 201 parts of a winding belt, 202 parts of a net blue, 203 parts of a binding belt, 3 parts of a spraying pipeline, 301 parts of a hose, 302 parts of a spraying head and 4 parts of dendrobium officinale.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for cultivating the wild-simulated dendrobium officinale in the fir forest comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting a fir forest according to local actual conditions, if the fir forest is a flat forest, selecting a higher-terrain point to build a reservoir, wherein the height of the reservoir is 3 meters or more than 3 meters higher than that of the flat forest; if the mountain land is used, a water storage pond can be built on a slope higher than the forest land, local rivers, streams and well water can be used, and converged rainwater, spring water and the like can also be used. Selecting fir tree 1 with breast diameter of 15cm or more as fixed object for culturing herba Dendrobii 4.
Secondly, a spraying pipeline 3 is arranged at the position of the height of more than 2 meters of the fir tree in the fir forest, one or two spraying heads 302 are arranged at the position of the fixed fir tree 2, the spraying pipeline 3 is arranged and fixed on the fir tree 1 by adopting a hose 301, and the position provided with the spraying heads 302 is in a hanging shape. The spraying pipeline 3 is connected with the reservoir and is provided with a branch control switch.
Thirdly, arranging field planting devices at the position below the height of 2 m of the trunk of the fir tree along the trunk circumference through a trunk fixing device 2; the trunk fixing device 2 is spirally arranged along the trunk from bottom to top. The net basket 202 is arranged on the fixing device on the trunk.
Fourthly, paving a bedding layer mainly made of bamboo shavings serving as a moisturizing base material in the net blue 202, wherein the moisturizing base material comprises 60% of bamboo shavings, 20% of wood chips and 20% of barks in percentage by mass. 60% of the bamboo shavings in the moisture-keeping bed material are linear fiber bamboo filaments, the maximum width of the cross section is less than or equal to 3mm, and 20% of the bark is broken pine bark.
Fifthly, adding culture soil into the net blue 202 paved with the moisturizing base material, and finally planting dendrobium officinale seedlings. The culture soil is prepared in advance, and the preparation requirements comprise, by weight, 24 parts of clay soil, 25 parts of vermiculite, 16 parts of perlite, 15 parts of bagasse, 8 parts of straw powder, 5 parts of wood chips, 10 parts of rapeseed dregs, 7 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of nutrient salt, 2 parts of sugar amino acid and a proper amount of water.
And sixthly, in daily management, when the humidity seriously does not meet the growth requirement of the dendrobium officinale in a particularly dry season or when the humidity seriously does not meet the growth requirement of the dendrobium officinale, spraying and humidifying are carried out.
As trunk fixing device 2, including winding area 201, have the field planting ware along winding area 201 interval arrangement, the field planting ware includes the net blue 202 of being woven by thin bamboo strips used for weaving, and net blue 202 can prepare alone, hugs closely again when having fixed winding area 201 and the surface mounting is to winding area 201 on the fir 1. The volume of the net blue 202 is less than or equal to 250cm3Has an arc surface matched with the surface of the fir tree 1, the two ends of the winding belt 201 are respectively provided with a binding belt 203, the binding belt 203 is an elastic belt, and the winding belt 201 is composed of 6A flat binding band structure woven by 0 percent of hemp thread and 40 percent of straw rope.
In practice, it should be noted that the trunk of the subject fir tree 1, which is less than 2 m, is pruned, and the flexible pipe can be fixed on the strong branch of the lowest part of the fir tree 1 when the spraying pipeline 3 is arranged. When 4 dendrobium officinale seedlings are transplanted, in spring with proper temperature, selecting strong 4 dendrobium officinale seedlings with the length of 3-5 cm after hardening, cleaning culture medium on the tissue culture seedlings, disinfecting with 500 times of 80% mancozeb wettable powder for 15 minutes, and placing the seedlings in a disinfected sponge for 8 hours to be naturally dried for later use.
When seedlings are planted, the seedlings can be directly put into the net basket 202, then a proper amount of culture soil is added into the roots of the seedlings, the planting and the watering of the roots are completed for the first time, and 1000 times of liquid of 50 percent carbendazim wettable powder is used for carrying out foliage spraying and disinfection.
The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, for example, the binding band 203 is a rope with a length adjustment device, and any simple modified structure of the present invention is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cultivation method of imitating wild dendrobium officinale in a fir forest is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, selecting a fir forest, and taking a fir tree (1) with the diameter at breast height of more than or equal to 15cm as a dendrobium officinale cultivation and fixation object;
secondly, arranging a spraying pipeline (3) at a position of the fir tree with the height of more than 2 meters;
thirdly, arranging planting dishes at the position below the height of 2 meters of the trunk of the fir tree along the trunk circumference through a trunk fixing device (2); the trunk fixing device is spirally arranged along the trunk from bottom to top, and a net basket (202) is arranged on the fixing device;
fourthly, paving a moisturizing base material in the net basket, wherein the base material comprises 60% of bamboo shavings, 20% of wood chips and 20% of bark by mass;
fifthly, adding culture soil and planting dendrobium officinale seedlings into the net basket paved with the moisturizing bottom material;
and sixthly, in the daily management, when the humidity does not meet the growth requirement of the dendrobium officinale, spraying and humidifying are carried out.
2. The method for cultivating the wild-simulated dendrobium officinale in the fir forest according to claim 1, wherein the spraying pipeline is arranged and fixed on the fir tree (1) by adopting a hose (301), and a spraying head (302) is arranged at the fir tree part corresponding to a cultivation and fixing object.
3. The method for cultivating the wild-simulated dendrobium officinale in the fir forest according to claim 1, wherein a reservoir is arranged according to the field altitude of the fir forest, and the spraying pipeline (3) is connected with the reservoir.
4. The method for cultivating the wild-simulated dendrobium officinale in the fir forest according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the basket (202) is less than or equal to 250cm3。
5. The method for cultivating the wild-simulated dendrobium officinale in the fir forest according to the claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein 60% of the bamboo shavings in the moisture-keeping bed material are linear fiber bamboo filaments, the maximum width of the cross section is less than or equal to 3mm, and the 20% of the barks are pine barks.
6. The method for cultivating the wild-simulated dendrobium officinale in the fir forest according to the claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the culture soil comprises 24 parts by weight of clay soil, 25 parts by weight of vermiculite, 16 parts by weight of perlite, 15 parts by weight of bagasse, 8 parts by weight of straw powder, 5 parts by weight of wood chips, 10 parts by weight of rapeseed meal, 7 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts by weight of nutrient salt and 2 parts by weight of sugar amino acid.
7. The trunk fixing device for the imitation wild dendrobium officinale cultivation in the fir forest according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising winding strips (201), wherein planting utensils are arranged at intervals along the winding strips, each planting utensil comprises a net basket (202) woven by bamboo splits, and a bedding layer consisting of bamboo shavings, sawdust and barks is arranged in each net basket; the two ends of the winding belt are respectively provided with a binding belt (203).
8. The trunk fixing device for the cultivation of the fir forest imitating wild dendrobium officinale according to claim 7, wherein the binding band (203) is an elastic band or is provided with a length adjusting device.
9. The trunk fixing device for the imitation wild dendrobium officinale cultivation in the fir forest according to claim 7, wherein the net basket (202) is provided with an arc-shaped surface matched with the surface of the fir tree (1).
10. The trunk fixing device for the imitation wild dendrobium officinale cultivation in the fir forest according to claim 7, wherein the winding belt (201) is a flat binding belt structure woven by 60% of hemp and 40% of straw ropes.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113068599A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-07-06 | 瑞丽市仁体鑫农业科技有限公司 | Dendrobium nobile planting technology |
| CN113099972A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-13 | 福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所 | Method for cultivating pholidota chinensis in simulated environment |
| CN114128612A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-03-04 | 浙江万里学院 | Microenvironment artificial intervention auxiliary device and method for mountain forest dendrobium nobile cultivation |
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| CN113099972B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2023-09-12 | 福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所 | Quasi-border cultivation method for pholidota chinensis |
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| CN114128612B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2023-02-14 | 浙江万里学院 | Microenvironment artificial intervention auxiliary device and method for mountain forest dendrobium nobile cultivation |
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