CN110839463B - Ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device and planting method thereof - Google Patents

Ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device and planting method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110839463B
CN110839463B CN201911016734.8A CN201911016734A CN110839463B CN 110839463 B CN110839463 B CN 110839463B CN 201911016734 A CN201911016734 A CN 201911016734A CN 110839463 B CN110839463 B CN 110839463B
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planting
ammopiptanthus mongolicus
ring
mulching film
sand
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CN110839463A (en
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田永发
齐俊表
田志成
王飞飞
南迪娜
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Mengcao Ecological Environment Group Co Ltd
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Inner Mongolia M Grass Ecological Environment Group Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0225Wind breakers, i.e. devices providing lateral protection of the plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275Films
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device and a planting method thereof, wherein the ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device comprises a planting ring and a drip irrigation device, the planting ring is vertically inserted on sand, the top of the planting ring is covered with a mulching film, and the outer edge of the mulching film extends downwards along the planting ring and is buried in the sand; the drip irrigation device comprises a water pipe and a capillary tube, wherein one side of the capillary tube is inserted into the water pipe, and the other side of the capillary tube penetrates through a mulching film covered on the top of the planting ring and extends into the planting ring. The ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device and the ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting method provide a proper growing environment for ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting, reduce the damage of sand wind to the seedlings which just come out of the soil, and effectively solve the problems of low survival rate and difficulty in planting the ammopiptanthus mongolicus; the device construction cost is low, the maintenance cost is low, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the nursery stock survival rate, has increaseed water resource utilization ratio.

Description

Ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device and planting method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to an ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device and a planting method thereof.
Background
Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim. ex Kom.) Cheng F.) is also called Mongolia yellow flower, ilex chinensis and Mongolia Ammopiptanthus. Evergreen shrubs, up to 2m, with a crown of about 3 m. Is distributed in low mountain areas with elevation of 1000-1200 m such as inner Mongolia, Ningxia and Gansu, and is a evergreen super-xerophyte. The ammopiptanthus mongolicus likes sandy gravelly soil, and the seeds have strong water absorption capacity and germinate rapidly. The flowers are blossoming for 4 months, 5 months and the fruits are ripe for 7 months. The extremely precious species of the wiggers in the desert area are listed as the national second-level protective plants.
Ammopiptanthus mongolicus has good medicinal value, and branches and leaves of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus have the effects of dispelling wind-damp, relaxing muscles and tendons, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain when used as medicines, can be used for treating frostbite, and can also be used as an insecticide. Meanwhile, the ammopiptanthus mongolicus has the characteristics of strong drought resistance, special tolerance to water shortage, extreme high temperature, severe cold frost and wind erosion sand burial, is a pioneer and excellent shrub for people to utilize and transform desert at present, and is an ideal tree species for preventing wind and fixing sand. However, the existing planting technology of the ammopiptanthus mongolicus has the problem of low planting survival rate, and the large-scale utilization of the ammopiptanthus mongolicus is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device which is simple and practical in structure, low in requirement on equipment and capable of remarkably improving the survival rate of ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting.
The invention also aims to provide the method for planting the ammopiptanthus mongolicus, which comprises the device for planting the ammopiptanthus mongolicus, has high survival rate and can realize the large-scale planting of the ammopiptanthus mongolicus.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
an ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device comprises a planting ring and a drip irrigation device, wherein the planting ring is vertically inserted on sand, the top of the planting ring is covered with a mulching film, and the outer edge of the mulching film extends downwards along the planting ring and is buried in the sand; the drip irrigation device comprises a water pipe and a capillary tube, wherein one side of the capillary tube is inserted into the water pipe, and the other side of the capillary tube penetrates through a mulching film covered on the top of the planting ring and extends into the planting ring.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device further comprises a shading net which is covered above the mulching film and used for preventing sand wind from invading the planting ring and the surface layer of the mulching film.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the planting ring is cylindrical, the radius of the cross section of the planting ring is 600mm, the height of the planting ring is 150mm, and the planting ring is inserted into the sand to a depth of 80 mm-100 mm.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the mulching film is greater than 0.02 mm.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the capillary inner diameter is 4 mm.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mesh size of the shadow mask is 30mm by 8 mm.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device provides a suitable growing environment for ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting, reduces the damage of wind sand to seedlings which just come out of the soil, and effectively solves the problems of low survival rate and difficulty in planting ammopiptanthus mongolicus; the device construction cost is low, the maintenance cost is low, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the nursery stock survival rate, has increaseed water resource utilization ratio.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting method, which adopts the ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device for planting, and comprises the following steps:
a. carrying out land arrangement on the planting field to level the planting ground;
b. placing planting rings in the leveled planting areas;
c. organic fertilizer is scattered into the planting circle, and the organic fertilizer and the planting soil are uniformly stirred and leveled;
d. uniformly scattering seeds into the planting circle, and covering soil;
e. mulching films are covered on the top of the planting circles, and the mulching films around the planting circles are buried in the soil;
f. covering the shading net in the ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting field to prevent sand from invading the planting rings and the surface layer of the mulching film;
g. plant ground and lay and drip irrigation device, carry out accurate watering when the temperature is suitable.
h. When the seedling grows to 20-30 mm, poking 1 small hole on the mulching film to start air release, and poking 3-5 middle holes on the seedling with bamboo pole to release air again when the seedling grows to 50-100 mm.
i. When the ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedlings grow to be more than 100mm, the mulching film is thoroughly torn, and weeding is carried out.
The ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting method can be implemented in spring, summer, autumn and winter, ammopiptanthus mongolicus seeds temporarily enter a dormant state in a low-temperature state when planted in autumn and winter, a certain water content and oxygen content are kept to maintain weak life activities, the seeds are stored by a sand storage method, the permeability of seed coats is increased, and the ammopiptanthus mongolicus seeds can germinate when the temperature in the next year is suitable to reach indoor (above 10 ℃ in the daytime and 8-12 ℃ at night) and outdoor (12-15 ℃ in the daytime and 6-10 ℃ at night), so that the germination rate of the seeds is improved.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the seeds are coated and sterilized before being scattered into the planting circle, so as to ensure better germination and growth of the seeds in the future.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the organic fertilizer is a biological organic fertilizer, such as decomposed cow dung, sheep dung, chicken dung and the like, the fertilizing amount is proper according to the soil quality, the common fertilizing amount is 500 kg-700 kg per planting circle, and the planting soil with the depth of about 300mm is uniformly mixed with the organic fertilizer and leveled after fertilization.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the covering soil for the seeds is 30 to 50 mm.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned scheme:
the method for planting the ammopiptanthus mongolicus improves the survival rate of the ammopiptanthus mongolicus, saves water and moisture, prevents wind and fixes sand, keeps warm and moisturizes, reduces the damage of the sand to the seedlings just unearthed, and has low construction cost and maintenance cost. Can carry out on-site seedling raising on any psammophyte with low survival rate and high planting difficulty, ensure the survival rate of the nursery stock, reduce the construction cost and save water resources.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-planting circles; 2-a drip irrigation device; 21-water conveying pipe; 22-a capillary tube; 3-mulching film.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are usually placed in when used, and are only used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature may be present on or under the second feature in direct contact with the first and second feature, or may be present in the first and second feature not in direct contact but in contact with another feature between them. Also, the first feature being above, on or above the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature that underlies, and underlies a second feature includes a first feature that is directly under and obliquely under a second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides an ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device, which comprises a planting ring 1 and a drip irrigation device 2, wherein the planting ring 1 is vertically inserted on sand, the top of the planting ring is covered with a mulching film 3, and the outer edge of the mulching film 3 extends downwards along the planting ring 1 and is buried in the sand; the drip irrigation device 2 comprises a water pipe 21 and a capillary tube 22, one side of the capillary tube 22 is inserted into the water pipe 21, and the other side of the capillary tube 22 penetrates through the mulching film 3 covered on the top of the planting ring 1 and extends into the planting ring 1.
More specifically, a thin iron sheet with the length of 1800mm and the width of 150mm is made of 1.7mm thin iron sheets, and the heat preservation film is prevented from being scratched by folding 10mm on one side. And making the iron strips with folded edges into planting rings with the diameter of 600 mm. The planting ring is inserted into a planting field, and the insertion depth is about 80 mm-100 mm.
In this embodiment, ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device still includes shading net, covers above plastic film 3, prevents that sand blown by the wind invades planting circle 1 and plastic film 3 top layer to play: keeping warm and moisture, and reducing water evaporation, wherein the mulching film around the planting circle is embedded into soil for 300 mm.
In the embodiment, the planting ring 1 is cylindrical, the radius of the cross section of the planting ring is 600mm, the height of the planting ring is 150mm, and the depth of the planting ring inserted into sand is 80 mm-100 mm.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the mulching film 3 is greater than 0.02 mm.
In the present embodiment, the capillary 22 has an inner diameter of 4 mm.
In this example, the mesh size of the shade screen is 30mm by 8 mm.
The invention also provides an ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting method, which adopts the ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device for planting, and comprises the following steps:
a. carrying out land arrangement on the planting field to level the planting ground;
b. placing a planting ring 1 in the leveled planting area;
c. organic fertilizer is scattered into the planting ring 1, and the organic fertilizer and planting soil are uniformly stirred and leveled;
d. uniformly scattering seeds into the planting ring 1, and covering soil;
e. the top of the planting circle 1 is covered with a mulching film 3, and the mulching film around the planting circle is buried in the soil;
f. covering the shading net in the ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting field to prevent sand from invading the surface layers of the planting ring 1 and the mulching film 3;
g. a drip irrigation device 2 is laid on the planting ground, and accurate irrigation is carried out when the temperature is proper; the proper temperature is 20-30 ℃.
h. When the seedling grows to 20-30 mm, poking 1 small hole on the mulching film to start air release, and poking 3-5 middle holes on the seedling with bamboo pole to release air again when the seedling grows to 50-100 mm.
i. When the ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedlings grow to be more than 100mm, the mulching film 3 is thoroughly torn, and weeding is carried out.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the seeds are coated and sterilized before being scattered into the planting field 1, so as to ensure better germination and growth of the seeds in the future.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, the organic fertilizer is decomposed cow dung, the fertilizing amount is 600kg per planting circle, and after fertilizing, the planting soil with the depth of about 300mm is uniformly mixed with the organic fertilizer and leveled.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the covering soil for the seeds is 30mm to 50 mm.
Specifically, the Alxa right flag, the Longhushan and the Heishan fold zone which are positioned in the west of the inner Mongolia autonomous region are taken as a planting region, the annual average precipitation amount of the region is 89 mm, the annual evaporation amount is 3100 mm, the soil is saline-alkali soil except desert, the plant species are single, and the saline-alkali content of the groundwater of the right flag is 3-4 times of that of normal agricultural water.
The concrete construction steps are as follows:
s1 planting circle preparation: the thin iron sheet with the length of 1800mm and the width of 150mm is made of the thin iron sheet with the thickness of 1.7mm, and the heat preservation film is prevented from being scratched by folding the edge of the single side by 10 mm. And (4) manually manufacturing the iron strips with folded edges into iron rings with the diameter of 600 mm. The iron ring is inserted into a planting field, and the insertion depth is about 80 mm-100 mm.
S2 mixing and applying organic fertilizer: uniformly spreading the organic fertilizer into the planting ring, and uniformly stirring and leveling the sand with the depth of about 300mm and the fertilizer.
S3 sowing: uniformly spreading the seeds into a ring, and covering soil for 30-50 mm.
S4 coating: the planting circle is covered with a thickened mulching film, and the mulching film around the planting circle is embedded into the soil for 300 mm.
S5 drip irrigation: and (3) paving a PE20 pipe on the ground, inserting one end of a phi 4 hairline pipe into a dropper PE20 pipe, and placing the other end of the phi 4 hairline pipe outside the ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting circle, and accurately irrigating when the temperature is proper or the seeds need to germinate.
S6 air release: when the seedling grows to 20mm-30mm, manually poking the mulching film with bamboo to open 1 small hole to start ventilation, and poking the seedling with bamboo rod to open 3-5 middle holes to release ventilation again when the seedling grows to 50mm-100 mm. When the ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedlings grow to be more than 100mm, the mulching film is thoroughly torn, and weeding is carried out.
The method is used for planting 651 mu of Arabian right flag in total, the survival rate of seedlings reaches 100 percent, and compared with the traditional planting method, the cost rate is reduced by 66 percent, and the survival rate of seedlings reaches 23 million.
The ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device and the ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting method provide a proper growing environment for ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting, reduce the damage of sand wind to the seedlings which just come out of the soil, and effectively solve the problems of low survival rate and difficulty in planting the ammopiptanthus mongolicus; the device construction cost is low, the maintenance cost is low, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the nursery stock survival rate, has increaseed water resource utilization ratio. The ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device and the ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting method can also be applied to planting other agriophytes, and the planting effect of the ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device and the ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting method is the same as the application effect of the ammopiptanthus mongolicus.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for planting ammopiptanthus mongolicus by using an ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device is characterized in that the device comprises a planting ring and a drip irrigation device;
carrying out land arrangement on the planting field to level the planting ground;
placing planting rings in the leveled planting areas; the planting ring is vertically inserted in the sand;
organic fertilizer is scattered in the planting circle, the organic fertilizer is cow dung, and after fertilization, planting soil with the depth of about 300mm and the organic fertilizer are uniformly stirred and leveled;
uniformly scattering seeds into the planting circle, and covering soil, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 30-50 mm;
a mulching film covers the top of the planting ring, and the outer edge of the mulching film extends downwards along the planting ring and is buried in the sand;
the thickness of the mulching film is more than 0.02 mm;
covering the shading net in the ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting field to prevent sand from invading the planting rings and the surface layer of the mulching film;
a drip irrigation device is laid on the planting ground, and accurate irrigation is carried out when the temperature is proper; the proper temperature is 20-30 ℃;
the drip irrigation device comprises a water pipe and a capillary tube, one side of the capillary tube is inserted into the water pipe, and the other side of the capillary tube penetrates through a mulching film covered on the top of the planting ring and extends into the planting ring;
when the seedling grows to 20mm-30mm after the seeds break soil, poking 1 small hole on the mulching film to start air release, and poking 3-5 middle holes on the mulching film to release air again when the seedling grows to 50mm-100 mm;
when the ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedlings grow to be more than 100mm, the mulching film is thoroughly torn, and weeding is carried out.
2. The method for planting ammopiptanthus mongolicus according to claim 1, wherein the planting ring is cylindrical, has a radius of 600mm in cross section and a height of 150mm, and is inserted into sand to a depth of 80-100 mm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the capillary inner diameter is 4 mm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the mesh size of the shade net is 30mm by 8 mm.
5. The method for planting ammopiptanthus mongolicus according to claim 1, wherein the seeds are subjected to a coating sterilization process before being spread into the planting circle, so as to ensure better germination and growth of the seeds in the future.
CN201911016734.8A 2019-10-24 2019-10-24 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus planting device and planting method thereof Active CN110839463B (en)

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CN102204500B (en) * 2011-05-26 2012-06-20 南京农业大学 Method for improving survival rate of directly sown seedlings and transplanting seedlings of haloxylon plants in desert and half-desert environment
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