CN110720368A - Preservation method of sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation - Google Patents
Preservation method of sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110720368A CN110720368A CN201911013972.3A CN201911013972A CN110720368A CN 110720368 A CN110720368 A CN 110720368A CN 201911013972 A CN201911013972 A CN 201911013972A CN 110720368 A CN110720368 A CN 110720368A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom
- A01N47/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom containing >N—S—C≡(Hal)3 groups
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
Abstract
The invention discloses a preservation method of sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation, which comprises the following steps of (1) cutting high-shear potato seedlings with the length of 25 ~ 35cm from sweet potato seedlings without diseases and insect pests in a sweet potato seedling breeding base to serve as sweet potato seedlings, wherein the sweet potato seedlings comprise top buds and side buds, and the cutting positions are 25-25 ~ 35cm away from the top buds, (2) removing old leaves of the sweet potato seedlings, each 100 sweet potato seedlings are bundled, and if the sweet potato seedlings are not immediately transported, the sweet potato seedlings are spread and placed in a temporary storage place to be transported, and the temporary storage place is a cool, ventilated, dry and dark place.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, relates to sweet potato seedlings, and particularly relates to a preservation method of the sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation.
Background
The sweet potato is an important grain, feed, industrial raw material and energy crop, and has the characteristics of super high yield, barren resistance, universality, easy growth recovery and the like. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of living standard, the diversified demand of people on sweet potatoes is continuously enhanced, the market potential of special sweet potato varieties is more huge, and the sweet potatoes are foods recommended by the world health organization, have rich processed products and are more suitable for industrialized development and utilization.
With the breeding of good sweet potato varieties in China and the popularization and application of detoxification technology, sweet potatoes are developed as high-benefit crops in many areas, and the good varieties such as various fresh food types, starch types and the like make up the current situations of few local self-bred varieties and serious seedling viruses. Sweet potato seedlings are strongly demanded everywhere, the market potential is huge, and long-distance transportation becomes a normal state.
The current market mainly popularizes detoxified high-shear sweet potato seedlings, cuttage seedlings do not have roots, and the seedlings mainly take roots among the potato seedlings after being planted. The growth activity of the sweet potato seedlings is reduced after long-distance transportation for a long time, and if the sweet potato seedlings are directly planted, the survival rate and the planting effect of the sweet potato seedlings are influenced. Meanwhile, in the production practice, the planting plan is changed frequently due to a plurality of objective reasons, and the potato seedlings cannot be planted in time and are planted in a shallow manner temporarily. At this time, how to store a large amount of potato seedlings for a long time and keep stronger vitality is a practical production problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preservation method of sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a preservation method of sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting a high-shear potato seedling with the length of 25 ~ 35cm from a sweet potato seedling without plant diseases and insect pests in a sweet potato seedling breeding base to obtain a sweet potato seedling, wherein the sweet potato seedling comprises a top bud and a side bud, and the cutting position is 25 ~ 35cm away from the top bud;
(2) removing old leaves of the sweet potato seedlings, binding every 100 sweet potato seedlings, and if the sweet potato seedlings are not transported immediately, spreading the sweet potato seedlings and placing the sweet potato seedlings in a temporary storage place for transportation, wherein the temporary storage place is a shady, ventilated, dry and light-resistant place;
(3) if boxing express delivery is adopted, the cut part of each bundle of potato seedlings is dipped in the muddy water mixture, and then the bottom of each bundle of potato seedlings is wrapped by a preservative film and then transported; the water-soil volume ratio of the mud-water mixture is 2: 1;
(4) if the large-batch potato seedlings are loaded on the truck for transportation, the potato seedlings are not dipped with roots, and the head and the tail of the potato seedlings are connected according to the shape of the carriage and are sequentially stacked and stacked on the truck for transportation;
(5) within 6 hours after the potato seedlings reach the destination, unloading the potato seedlings, putting the potato seedlings under a 100% sunshade net or in a shady and damp place, digging soil pits with the height of 15 ~ 20cm under the sunshade net according to the number of the potato seedlings, or putting the potato seedlings in a container with the height of 15 ~ 20cm in the shady and damp place;
(6) putting water with the height of 10 ~ 15cm into a soil pit or a container, and preferably spreading the water over the roots of each bundle of potato seedlings;
(7) inserting the root of each bundle of potato seedlings into an aqueous solution containing rooting powder to dip roots for 5 ~ 7s, wherein the aqueous solution containing the rooting powder specifically comprises 0.05% of the rooting powder, 13% of a bacillus subtilis preparation, 12% of captan, 14% of imidacloprid, 4% of fipronil and the like, and the weight percentage of the components in the composition is 0.05% of the rooting powder, 13% of a bacillus subtilis preparation, 12% of captan, 14% of the imidacloprid and the balance of water to 100%;
(8) putting soil into a pit or a container according to the water-soil volume ratio of 2.5:1 by taking the amount of the put water as a standard, fully mixing the soil with water, and stirring the mixture into a slurry;
(9) placing the potato seedlings dipped with roots in a soil pit or a container in a manner that the bottoms of the bundles of potato seedlings are downward and vertical, wherein the bottoms of the potato seedlings can fully contact the muddy water mixture;
(10) and supplementing water to the bottoms of the potato seedlings in the pits or containers, keeping the potato seedlings in a cool condition, and planting the potato seedlings after the potato seedlings are strong and root in 1 ~ 2 days.
(11) If the processed potato seedlings are not planted in a short period, the water at the bottoms of the potato seedlings is supplemented in time, and the preservation period reaches 10 ~ 15 days.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. by applying the method, the problems of wilting and low growth vigor of the sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation are solved, and the cut sweet potato seedlings can be stored for a long time.
2. Ensures that the transplanting survival rate of the sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation reaches more than 98 percent.
3. The improvement of the transplanting survival rate is beneficial to promoting the exchange of the germplasm resources of the sweet potatoes, the popularization of new varieties and the innovative application of resources.
4. The application of the method is beneficial to promoting the development of the sweet potato industry and provides high-quality seedlings for planting households and leading processing enterprises to produce sweet potatoes.
The method is reasonable in design, starts from researching links of sweet potato seedling collection, seedling loading and transportation, seedling storage after transportation and the like, greatly improves the survival rate of the sweet potatoes after long-distance transportation by adopting the method for storing the sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation, provides sufficient preparation time for next-step planting, effectively avoids the practical problems of water loss and wilting, difficult survival, incapability of storage and the like of the sweet potatoes after long-distance transportation, can realize long-distance transportation and large-area planting of the new sweet potato variety, promotes the popularization of the new sweet potato variety and the development of the sweet potato industry, and has good practical application and popularization values.
Detailed Description
The following provides a detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention.
A method for storing sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation comprises the following steps of:
(1) collecting potato seedlings
Selecting sweet potato seedlings which are free from diseases and insect pests and grow vigorously (the seedling age of the test is 60 days, the types of the sweet potatoes are respectively edible types: Nicotiana tabacum 25, Longshu No. 9 and watermelon red) from a suining sweet potato seedling breeding base in Xuzhou city of Jiangsu province on cloudy days or in the evening of sunny days, and cutting seedlings (comprising top buds and side buds, wherein the cutting position is 25 ~ 35cm away from the top buds) with the cutting length of 25 ~ 35cm to serve as the sweet potato seedlings.
(2) Sweet potato seedling package
All old leaves on the sweet potato seedlings are cut off, and the sweet potato seedlings are bundled into one bundle by using plastic ropes according to 100 plants per bundle. At the moment, the vehicle can be immediately loaded and transported, if the vehicle is not immediately transported, the vehicle can be spread and placed in a temporary storage place to wait for transportation, and the temporary storage place requires a shady, ventilated, dry and lightproof place.
(3) Transporting and transporting potato seedlings
If a small amount (less than 50 bundles) of potato seedlings are packed and delivered in an express delivery manner, the sheared part of each bundle of potato seedlings can be dipped with the muddy water mixture for preservation treatment during loading and delivery, the volume ratio of the muddy water mixture to the soil is 2:1, and meanwhile, each bundle of potato seedlings is wrapped by the preservative film at the bottom of the dipped mud and then delivered.
(4) When large batches of potato seedlings are loaded and transported, wet cotton is paved at the bottom of the vehicle before loading, roots are not dipped firstly, and the head and the tail of the potato seedlings are connected according to the shape structure of the carriage and are stacked and loaded on the vehicle in sequence for transportation.
The distance of transportation from Xuzhou city of Jiangsu province to Shanxi jin is 760 km, which is about 12 ~ 15 hours.
(5) And seedling preservation
Within 5 ~ 6 hours after the potato seedlings arrive at the destination, the potato seedlings are unloaded and placed under a 100% sunshade net or a shady and damp place, soil pits with the height of 15 ~ 20cm are dug under the sunshade net according to the number of the potato seedlings, or plastic pots with the height of 15 ~ 20cm are placed in the shady place, and the soil pits are required to be flat in bottom and small in leakage.
(6) And putting water with the height of 10 ~ 15cm into a soil pit or a plastic basin, and preferably spreading the water over the roots of each bundle of potato seedlings.
(7) Inserting roots of each bundle of potato seedlings into an aqueous solution containing a composition of rooting powder, bacillus subtilis, captan, imidacloprid, fipronil and the like to dip roots for 5 ~ 7s, wherein the weight percentage of each component in the composition is 0.05 percent of rooting powder, 13 percent of bacillus subtilis preparation, 12 percent of captan, 14 percent of imidacloprid, 4 percent of fipronil and the balance of water to 100 percent.
The specific purchase manufacturers: (Zhengzhou rain-moistening agriculture, strong rooting powder; Ultrablue biotechnology, Bacillus subtilis preparation; Andao mai brand, 80% captan, Bayer brand, 70% imidacloprid; Jinan York agro chemical Co., Ltd., 8% fipronil), the above percentages are the effective components of the respective medicaments.
(8) Taking the amount of water as a standard, putting soil into a pit or a container according to the volume ratio of water to soil of 2.5:1, fully mixing the soil with water, and stirring the mixture into a slurry.
(9) And placing the potato seedlings dipped with the roots in a soil pit or a container with the bottoms of the bundles of the potato seedlings vertically downward, wherein the bottoms of the potato seedlings can fully contact the muddy water mixture.
(10) And supplementing water to the bottoms of the potato seedlings in the soil pits or containers, keeping the potato seedlings in a shady and cool condition, and planting the potato seedlings after the potato seedlings are strong and root in 1 ~ 2 days.
(11) If the processed potato seedlings are not planted in a short period, the water at the bottoms of the potato seedlings is supplemented in time, and the preservation period reaches 10 ~ 15 days.
Note: collecting potato seedlings, and storing in mud-water mixture in earthen bed or container for no more than 48 hr.
The method can reduce the water loss of the sweet potato seedlings, relieve wilting states, quickly recover growth vigor and prolong the storage time by shade and cool conditions and the root moisturizing treatment of the sweet potato seedlings, can promote the sweet potato seedlings to be rejuvenated and root-rooted between basal sections by carrying out the root dipping treatment of the compound medicament on the sweet potato seedlings, can also comprehensively prevent common diseases and insect pests in the sweet potato fields, ensures the survival rate of the sweet potato seedlings to be more than 98 percent, promotes the regional allocation and transportation of the sweet potato seedlings, greatly improves the storage time and the transplanting survival rate, and effectively reduces the economic loss by 15 ~ 20 percent compared with the prior method.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A preservation method of sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting a high-shear potato seedling with the length of 25 ~ 35cm from a sweet potato seedling without plant diseases and insect pests in a sweet potato seedling breeding base to obtain a sweet potato seedling, wherein the sweet potato seedling comprises a top bud and a side bud, and the cutting position is 25 ~ 35cm away from the top bud;
(2) removing old leaves of the sweet potato seedlings, binding every 100 sweet potato seedlings, and if the sweet potato seedlings are not transported immediately, spreading the sweet potato seedlings and placing the sweet potato seedlings in a temporary storage place for transportation, wherein the temporary storage place is a shady, ventilated, dry and light-resistant place;
(3) if boxing express delivery is adopted, the cut part of each bundle of potato seedlings is dipped in the muddy water mixture, and then the bottom of each bundle of potato seedlings is wrapped by a preservative film and then transported; the water-soil volume ratio of the mud-water mixture is 2: 1;
(4) if the large-batch potato seedlings are loaded on the truck for transportation, the potato seedlings are not dipped with roots, and the head and the tail of the potato seedlings are connected according to the shape of the carriage and are sequentially stacked and stacked on the truck for transportation;
(5) within 5 ~ 6 hours after the potato seedlings reach the destination, unloading the potato seedlings, putting the potato seedlings under a 100% sunshade net or in a shady and damp place, digging soil pits with the height of 15 ~ 20cm under the sunshade net according to the number of the potato seedlings, or putting the potato seedlings in a container with the height of 15 ~ 20cm in the shady and damp place;
(6) putting water with the height of 10 ~ 15cm into a soil pit or a container, and preferably spreading the water over the roots of each bundle of potato seedlings;
(7) inserting the root of each bundle of potato seedlings into an aqueous solution containing rooting powder to dip the root for 5 ~ 7 s;
(8) putting soil into a pit or a container according to the water-soil volume ratio of 2.5:1 by taking the amount of the put water as a standard, fully mixing the soil with water, and stirring the mixture into a slurry;
(9) placing the potato seedlings dipped with roots in a soil pit or a container in a manner that the bottoms of the bundles of potato seedlings are downward and vertical, wherein the bottoms of the potato seedlings can fully contact the muddy water mixture;
(10) supplementing water to the bottoms of the potato seedlings in the soil pits or containers, keeping the potato seedlings in a cool condition, and planting the potato seedlings after the potato seedlings are strong and root in 1 ~ 2 days;
(11) if the processed potato seedlings are not planted in a short period, the water at the bottoms of the potato seedlings is supplemented in time, and the preservation period reaches 10 ~ 15 days.
2. The method for preserving the sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (7), the aqueous solution containing the rooting powder comprises the rooting powder, bacillus subtilis, captan, imidacloprid and fipronil.
3. The method for preserving the sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the water solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.05% of rooting powder, 13% of bacillus subtilis preparation, 12% of captan, 14% of imidacloprid, 4% of fipronil and 57% of water.
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| CN201911013972.3A CN110720368A (en) | 2019-10-23 | 2019-10-23 | Preservation method of sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation |
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Citations (6)
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| CN103314754A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-09-25 | 山东省农业科学院 | Sweet potato cultivation method using whole-course chemical control |
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| CN107439178A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-08 | 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | A kind of sweet potato sprout long distance transportation method |
| CN108513880A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-09-11 | 徐州郁金香农业发展有限公司 | A kind of cultivation processing method of sweet potato seedling |
| CN109422597A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-03-05 | 青岛生鲜馆电子商务有限公司 | Chemical fertilizer |
| CN110301314A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-10-08 | 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | A kind of field acquisition Sweet Potato Germplasm processing method |
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2019
- 2019-10-23 CN CN201911013972.3A patent/CN110720368A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103314754A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-09-25 | 山东省农业科学院 | Sweet potato cultivation method using whole-course chemical control |
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| CN107439178A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-08 | 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | A kind of sweet potato sprout long distance transportation method |
| CN109422597A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-03-05 | 青岛生鲜馆电子商务有限公司 | Chemical fertilizer |
| CN108513880A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-09-11 | 徐州郁金香农业发展有限公司 | A kind of cultivation processing method of sweet potato seedling |
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