CN106508362A - Seedling-raising method for increasing seeding germination rate and seedling transplanting preservation rate of axillary choerospondias fruits - Google Patents
Seedling-raising method for increasing seeding germination rate and seedling transplanting preservation rate of axillary choerospondias fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN106508362A CN106508362A CN201610951129.XA CN201610951129A CN106508362A CN 106508362 A CN106508362 A CN 106508362A CN 201610951129 A CN201610951129 A CN 201610951129A CN 106508362 A CN106508362 A CN 106508362A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling-raising method for increasing the seeding germination rate and the seedling transplanting preservation rate of axillary choerospondias fruits. According to the method, female parents of the axillary choerospondias fruits growing robustly in a full fruiting period serve as materials, the fruits are ripened on the way by instant picking and ripening or by a breathable woven bag, peel and pulp are removed, and pulp and pectin are thoroughly removed by fine sand to obtain clean seeds. The seeds are treated by warm water until natural cooling before seeding, and the seed germination rate can be remarkably increased. Transplanted seedlings are raised by a container bag and a mixed medium and easily carried, parts of diseased seedlings are easily treated and isolated and not easily infected, germination conditions are rapidly counted after seeding, and after-culture is easily performed. By the method, high seed germination rate, the seedling transplanting preservation rate and sufficient growth of the seedlings can be realized, and enough materials are prepared and technical basis is laid for healthy growth of the seedlings, increase of plantation survival rate, cultivation promotion and economic values of tree species.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Forest tree cultivation field, more particularly to a kind of raising Spondias axillaris sowing germination rate and storage rate of transplanting seedlings
Method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
Spondias axillaris（Choerospondias axillaries）For Anacardiaceae（Anacardiaceae）Spondias axillaris belong to single
Plant important multipurpose indigenous tree.In addition to China, it is also distributed in India, South East Asia Mainland and Japan in the world.Due to which
Rudiment power is strong, compared with fast-growing, thus extensively cultivated in China, autumn its leaf or changeable colour into " red autumnal leaves ", produce as Forestry Ecological
Product, increased the ecoscape of planting area, " afforest " by particularly suitable flower garden and four.Again because its environment resistant pollution capacity is strong,
It is the good seeds for preventing municipal pollution.
Spondias axillaris whole body is precious, and extensively, leaf can make fertilizer to wood usage, and bark and fruit can be used as medicine, fruit edible, bark and branch
Mimosa extract etc. can be obtained through refining.Spondias axillaris are one of fast-growing indigenous trees of the torrid zone and south subtropicses, and its growth is fast, and fallen leaves amount is big, has
The important function for improve soil fertility, conserving water and soil.Its timber is filbert, flexible, and moderate strength, texture are straight.Density of wood
For 0.596g/cm3, easy processing is the material such as first-class furniture, compartment, war products, building, interior decoration, and fine first
The ideal material of the handicrafts such as decorations box, with very high economic worth；Timber omits corrosion resistant, and sapwood is easily damaged by worms and stain fungus are invaded
Dye.Leaf can treat indigestion and medical treatment boil.Leaf and bark can obtain through refining tannin extract.Bark, root skin and fruit are used as medicine, and have anti-inflammatory
Removing toxic substances, the effect of hemostasis and pain-relieving, external application control large area burn.It is sour-sweet edible during fruit maturation, with the effect that promotes the production of body fluid to quench thirst, can
Preserved fruit, cake etc. are fabricated to, the fruit tree maturity period, per mu of annual output surpassed 1500 kg；Bark, dry, branch double-layer fur are dried and grind tune tea oil,
Outer painting scald, has removing pattogenic heat from the blood and toxic material from the body, antipruritic analgesic efficacy.Seed oil content 30% or so, can make soap system raw material.Jujube core can
The commemorative handicrafts such as production beads.Become plantation in current ecological public welfare forests and commodity economy woods and transform the southern each of focus
Save, indigenous tree Spondias axillaris become important selection seeds, therefore its afforestation technique is worth further investigation.
When the Spondias axillaris of " seeing that fruit is just adopted " and " see to plant and just broadcast " adopt common seeding in nursery bed nursery, its germination rate does not typically surpass
50% is crossed, storage rate is less than 80%, and easily causes the generation of after planting pest and disease damage.
The optimization seeding growing seedlings method that the present invention passes through can improve germination rate to 82-87%, storage rate of transplanting seedlings more than 94%,
While increasing nursery stock quantity, standing forest after nursery stock healthy growth and popularizing planting is become a useful person significant.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the existing shortcoming for adopting seeding and seedling raising technology and deficiency, by practice to various
The integrated application and innovation of seeding and seedling raising technology, sums up the nursery side for improving Spondias axillaris sowing germination rate and storage rate of transplanting seedlings
Method, provides the qualified nursery stock of high-quality for breeding and afforestation and popularizing planting has established technical foundation.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Spondias axillaris, comprises the following steps：
1) collect seed：During Spondias axillaris fructescence, in robust growth and in fruit picking collection kind on the elite stand in the best fruiting period；
2) collection and preparation of seed：Now adopt and now macerate or ripe fruit is macerated in road using ventilative woven bag transport, macerate it is ripe after
Fruit obtains seed through process；
3) seedbed prepares：Seedbed is carried out disinfection using potassium permanganate and Acetochlor, prevent weeds and pest and disease damage harm；
4) seed sowing pre-treatment：It is soaked in water before clean seed sowing；
5) seedbed nursery：Seed is seeded on seedbed, to nursery bed disinfection and permeable bonnet last layer straw is poured；
6) container bag nursery：Transplantation of seedlings is cultivated in container bag after emerging；Container bag seedling medium include peat soil,
Perlite, coconut palm chaff and/or yellow soil.
Preferably, step 1）In, best fruiting period of Spondias axillaris generally referred to as refer to the age in 10 years and more than.If tree is not good for
The fruit of tree that is strong and gathering less than 10 years, its seed germination rate are low, and seed is immature, can also cause seedling growth not to be good for
It is strong.
Preferably, step 1) in, annual September～November, fruit and seed it is ripe, now pericarp and the easy stack retting of pulp
Remove, it is more convenient near brook flowing water cleaning seed.
Preferably, the seed of collection must be ripe, full, preferably removes the pulp and colloid of clean the surface of the seed, in order to avoid
The material such as after planting pulp detritus acid and colloid affects to sprout.General 1600～2500 g of mature seed mass of 1000 kernel, every seed
1～3 plant can be emerged.
Preferably, step 2）In now adopt that now to macerate be stack retting fruit in the cool, fruit heap plastic foil covers 3～5 days；Or profit
With ventilative woven bag transport ripe fruit is macerated in road, macerate it is ripe after fruit directly remove pericarp, pulp and colloid, in flowing water
Rinse and obtain seed.
Macerating ripe standard, to be that fruit is picked up completely mashed once pinching, and most of pulp and pericarp can be pinched.
The present invention is adopted now to adopt and is now macerated, and seed is impacted little, and after handling well, sowing germination rate is high at once.
It is not in seed death condition that the present invention can allow fruit kind to be breathed freely in transit using ventilative woven bag, such as with modeling
Air-locked bag such as pocket can then have a strong impact on germination rate.
Preferably, step 2）Macerate it is ripe after fruit directly remove pericarp, pulp and colloid, rinse well, rubbed by fine sand
Wipe, fully remove pulp and colloid, washing and obtain clean seed after filtering, collected, dry after preserve stand-by.
Further by fine sand friction, fully remove pulp and colloid obtains the innovative point that clean seed is the present invention, make
Pulp or colloid are reduced to minimum to the impact that after planting seed is sprouted so as to which average germination rate is greatly improved.
Preferably, the average grain diameter of fine sand is 0.1-0.3mm.
Filtration is to remove pulp and colloid and other impurity（Rotten leaf, sprig or sand grains）.If pulp and colloid
Sow together, and around seed forming acid environment can affect seed to sprout.Additionally, pulp etc. may be mixed with sand, need by
Sand and impurity are filtered out in the lump.Of the present invention is microlith sand, little more than seed, and all fine sand sieves can be light
Filter out.
Insemination and emergence rate is affected to prevent seed standing time oversize, after seed collection, sowing immediately or low-temperature cold store are protected
Deposit, temperature setting is 4 DEG C, 2～3 years seeds still have higher vigor, but need to carry out sprouting test before sowing.
Preferably, step 3）In, select Horizon without grass, sowing in bed kind is done in the land for growing field crops or nursery at the good and nearly water source of illumination of divulging information,
Suitable sandy loam, soil avoid viscous weight and ponding.
Preferably, step 3）The working concentration of middle nursery bed disinfection potassium permanganate is 0.4～0.6%, and the work of Acetochlor is dense
Spend for 0.5～1ppm.
Preferably, seedbed is sterilized with 0.5% potassium permanganate, presses 750 ml/ hm with 50% Acetochlor2It is watered 750 kg equal
It is even to spray in seedbed, prevent Weed infestation.
Potassium permanganate is combined with Acetochlor and is sowed for Spondias axillaris by the present invention first, and pest and disease damage incidence is low, is being transplanted
Seedling is sprouted before container bag does not have a condition of morbidity death, and after seed is sprouted before transplanting no weed growth.This side unused in the past
During method, weeds and seed grow simultaneously and produce competition, and before transplanting seedlings, nursery stock reaches more than 5% with the pest and disease damage reason death rate because competing.
Preferably, step 3）Middle seedbed edge prevents soil and water in the middle of bed to be quickly lost in higher than in the middle part of seedbed.
Preferably, step 3）In, seedbed is generally greater than 10～15 cm of ground or pavement, if bed surface is relatively low, to large seed
Sprout for son and be vulnerable to restriction, root system can not reach full growth；As root inserts ground, nursery stock can be affected again to move bag effect, caused
Transplant seedlings be completely cured the death rate increase.Bed height of preferably emerging of the invention is 10～15 cm, can reach good sprouting and growth effect
Really, be hurt before transplanting minimum.Seedbed edge prevents water Hou Shui and the quick stream of soil higher than 1～2cm of other positions in the middle of bed
Lose.
Preferably, step 3）Before middle sowing on seedbed herbicide spraying and bactericide etc., prevent seed in germination process
In be subject to grass and the harm such as bacterium to cause to sprout limited, infection pest and disease damage etc..
Preferably, step 4）In clean seed broadcast before be dipped to natural cooling with 40-55 DEG C of warm water, and when continuing one section
Between, immersion total time is controlled in 22-26 h.
Preferably, step 4）In clean seed broadcast before with 45-55 DEG C of warm water immersion.
After the surface of the seed is even processed totally, pulp or colloid of residual etc. can produce acid at seeding time to be affected
Seed is sprouted, and totally can fully remove pulp and colloid etc. with fine sand process.Additionally, the present invention is pioneering, using warm water pair
Clean seed carries out immersion treatment, and preferably goes out 45-55 DEG C of temperature, after process, seed internal hormone can be promoted more preferable
Play a role, the germination rate of seed is also accordingly improved.
It is preferred that select, step 4）Seed soaks 24 h, 50 DEG C of degree hot water treatment best results.At 40 DEG C of process and other
Reason method, can more promote hormonal action, improve sprouting ability.
Preferably, step 5) seed is seeded on seedbed, seed is clapped into consolidation with soil, it is even thereon to spill 1～2cm thickness fine sands
Soil；To nursery bed disinfection and pour permeable bonnet last layer straw.
Preferably, step 5）Before middle sowing, the liquor potassic permanganate of 1 day spray 0.5～1wt ‰ is to medium of seedling bed and upper lid
Straw carries out disinfection, by 500～1000/m2Application rate is uniformly elaborated on seedbed, with square brick or plank seed is patted into
Enter in seedbed soil, it is even thereon to spill 1～2cm thickness thin sand and soils, expose seed；After planting continue the Gao Meng of spray 0.5～1wt ‰
Sour potassium solution on thin sand and soil is moistened as degree completely with soil, then covers one layer of straw on thin sand and soil, in case seedbed table is native
Hardened, holding moistening, insulation and a certain degree of reduction weeds, straw also spray same concentration potassium permanganate.
Preferably, described seeding in nursery bed amount, generally 500～1000/m2, disclosure satisfy that seed it is uniform it is non-overlapping,
Easily sprout and the fully requirement of growth, more suitable for two family numbers of per square of sowing of family trial, seedling amount meets seedling
Phase determines, stays the pilot forest construction seedling amount in garden seedling measure and at least three places.It is big that this thickness of sowing is also suitable for application rate
In the case of, if do not move into during container can classification seedling stay garden to continue culture to seedlings, until afforestation, can reduce between nursery stock competition and
Reduce artificial.
Preferably, step 5）In, the described sowing time be with fruit maturation season while, using 9～November sow；
The liquor potassic permanganate for sowing first 1 day spray 1wt ‰ carries out disinfection to seedbed, by broadcasting sowing 250～300 same strain seeds；
The liquor potassic permanganate for after planting still spraying 1wt ‰ carries out disinfection in seedbed and straw, until seedbed and straw moisten completely and be
Only.
Step 5）, seed is uniformly sowed on seedbed, one layer of 1～2 cm thin sand and soil of overlying after tight seed is clapped.Do so
Benefit is that seed is easily breathed freely, and is easily sprouted；And seed is clapped and also seed water suction can tightly easily and easily sprouted, after taking root, seedling is difficult
Lodging.
The seed also include the same year collect also do not sow, the seed collected on different maternal plant is respectively used to different tests.
Preferably, step 5）One layer of straw of lid on middle seedbed, recession in 1 week are removed in order to avoid affecting to sprout and causing sprout term disease.
Preferably, step 5）In after planting seedbed is sprayed water in good time, with keep bed surface moistening not ponding as degree, treat that seed goes out
3～4 cm of seedling height of seedling, 2～3 pairs of time shifts of true leaf enter nutrient bag, add support and lid shading screen above container bag seedling.
Preferably, container seedling top adopts support, and upper covering degree of shading is 50% shading screen, with insulation, moisturizing and anti-
Protective function, rainwater-proof, strong sunlight or low temperature etc. are damaged to transplanted plantlet growth early stage.
Preferably, step 5）With 6）Incubation in using 0.5～1wt ‰ the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution, 0.5～
The carbendazim aqueous solution of the liquor potassic permanganate or 0.5～1wt ‰ of 1wt ‰ is alternately sterilized.
Preferably, step 6）In, cultivated during nutrient bag is transplanted to after 3～4cm of emerging；Container bag seedling medium is
Peat soil, perlite, coconut palm chaff and yellow soil are by volume（1～1.5）：（1～1.5）：2：2 are mixed to get；By nutritional bag
Matrix loads in bag, and matrix is less than 0.4～0.6 cm of bag face, per 1 seedling of pocket planting.
Preferably, step 6）Middle container bag seedling medium is peat soil, perlite, coconut palm chaff and yellow soil by volume 1：1：
2：2 are mixed to get.
Preferably, step 6）The size of container bag used be front width 10cm, side width 8cm, the black of high 10cm or
White plastic bag, ponding when lower section has aperture to prevent nursery.This is the most suitable sack specification of 120 days Spondias axillaris cultivating seedlings, no
Can be little again.
Preferably, step 6）Transplant seedlings per bag of 0.15～0.20kg of weight of container bag seedling of cultivation（Container bag equipped with the present invention
Seedling medium）, easily transport or packaging, cost-effective.This is the most suitable pouch specification of Spondias axillaris container nursery, the specification
Under, same car useful load is just more.By with minimum bag（Container bag seedling medium equipped with the present invention）Reach same life
Long effect, and transport and pack relatively easy, while identical product seedling amount freight charges are reduced, reduced with soil amount, then produced when cost is identical
Seedling amount increases, and reaches cost-effective purpose.
In prior art, people are generally seeded on seedbed, and because sowing is too close, seedling easily contaminates root rot and grey mold, easily by miscellaneous
Grass and insect affect；Additionally, its grow tall 20cm or even 80～100cm seedlings is after planting treated on seedbed directly, on transplanting seedlings
When mountain is afforested, nursery stock differentiation and the destruction of bare-root seeding root system can be caused, the surrival rate of afforestation is easily affected.
The present invention using seedbed nursery with reference to the advantage of container bag nursery is：It is independent of each other between strain or strain；It is easy to disease
Pest management；Container bag root system it is intact and can moisturizing, be readily transported, so as to improve plant percent 32% and storage rate of transplanting seedlings
14%。
The time for moving bag operation, Raoping, Guangdong Province was transplanted seedlings preferably in annual late October to mid-November；Guangzhou or Buddhist
Mountain is preferably in annual early October to early November；Due to sunny, the fruit maturation time is fast in Hainan, morning sowing time,
It is preferred that in annual mid-May to mid-June；After transplanting 1 week, seedling starts to give birth to new root, and now seedling has been enter into stationary phase, after 2 weeks
Take root in a large number or nursery stock root of hair is complete, now think transplant survival, afterwards root elongation, lateral root increases, gradually form ripe complete
Whole root system.
Preferably, one layer of shading screen of lid thereon after bag is moved into, fine day needs water spray 2～3 times, the respectively morning 9 daily
Point, 6 pm, can according to circumstances be scheduled on 1 point or so of noon another 1 time, to keep seedling leaves moistening not wilt as degree；Sunshine
When being higher than 30 DEG C according to strong, temperature, need to again plus one layer of sunshade net, 10～17 points every the outer water spray of 1 hour net 1 time, the cloudy day can be in
Spray 1 time at 5 points in afternoon is not sprayed according to the growth of cereal crop seedlings, and the rainy day does not spray.Recession is except shading screen within 30～40 days.
Preferably, step 6）Transplanting container bag seedling culture recession in 30～40 days is poured and applies 1～1.5 wt, ‰ urea except shading screen
Or 1～1.5 wt ‰ composite fertilizer's aqueous solution.
Preferably, after transplanting 50～60 days, thimerosal concentration can increase to ‰～5wt of 4wt ‰, and applying fertilizer solution concentration can increase to
‰～6wt of 4wt ‰.
Preferably, aqueous solution of urea of the aqueous solution of urea for 1wt ‰.
Preferably, the composite fertilizer aqueous solution of composite fertilizer's aqueous solution for 1wt ‰.
Described composite fertilizer is preferably the composite fertilizer containing 1.5 wt% N, 1.5 wt% P and 1.5 wt% K.
Preferably, step 6）In, most heights of seedling carry out seedling sorting after reaching 20～30cm, and nursery stock up to specification is used
Afforestation or seedling management in more bulk container bag is moved in going up a hill, treat that 1～2 year height of seedling to the big after seedlings of 80～100cm are gone up a hill afforestation.
Seedling sorting is the regulation afforested in code, removes inferior grade seedling, and this raising to Afforestation Quality has a major impact.
The inferior grade seedling for falling short of specifications after classification can continue to cultivate in small container；And high-grade seedling up to specification is moved into greatly
Cultivating large seedling in container bag.Former processing method can be saved money with less manpower, but latter processing method can cultivate more high-quality
Nursery stock, fully grow.Two methods can be selected according to actual needs.
Preferably, nursery stock moves into container bag culture 2～6 months, in addition it is also necessary to determines seedling growth and biomass traits, compares
The nursery stock difference of different seedling raising mannerses.
Described seedling growth and biomass traits are after the method for culturing seedlings using the present invention, flat with other method for culturing seedlings
Result compares, as a result as follows：Plant height is changed into 19.91～34.81 cm from 10.28～19.72 cm, ground diameter by 3.38～
4.43 mm are changed into 5.51～5.72 mm；Compound leaf length is changed into 24.92～27.94 cm from 15.34～18.22 cm；Compound leaf width from
7.72～8.12 cm are changed into 10.00～10.84 cm；Single compound leaf dry weight is changed into 0.069～0.090 from 0.028～0.039 g
g；Ground individual plant weight in wet base is changed into 9.24～20.69 g from 2.64～7.34 g；Ground total dry weight is changed into from 1.27～3.31 g
3.38～9.41 g；Final sowing germination rate is changed into 62.04～100.00% from 6.00～52.20%, after transplanting seedlings storage rate by
66.67～80.19% are changed into 91.45～100.00%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
（1）Spondias axillaris maternal plant produced seed of the present invention with robust growth and in the best fruiting period as material, with other type maternal plants
（It is thin and weak or be less than life in 9 years）Collection seed is compared, and average seed germination rate and Seedling survival rate improve a lot, respectively
82.00% and 94.00%, 32% and 14% is respectively increased than other types of maternal plant seed germination rate and storage rate；
（2）In seed collection and preparation in the present invention, now adopt and now macerate or ripe fruit is macerated in road using ventilative woven bag transport
It is real, fruit pulp is removed, it is by the cleared pulp of fine sand, colloid, helpful to improving germination rate and storage rate, wherein now adopt now macerating
8% is improved than compareing germination rate, the nursery stock germination rate of cleared pulp is improved more than 25% than control；
（3）Seed in the present invention processes seed by 50 DEG C of warm water until natural cooling, soaks seed than 40 DEG C of warm water of early stage
Germination rate 8% can be improved, germination rate 23% is improved than not soaking seed, it can be seen that the collection processing method of seed is sprouted to improving
Rate has considerable influence, is remarkably improved seed germination rate；
（4）In the present invention, 10～15 cm of seedbed is high, is easy to Spondias axillaris large seed to sprout, moreover it is possible to prevent ponding；Seed and lower floor
The degree of being adjacent to of soil can promote seed water suction to sprout；Fine sand 1～2cm of soil thickness that seed upper strata covers is easy to permeable, seed to breathe freely
With absorption luminous energy；Above thin sand and soil cover one layer of straw, can anti-soil compaction, can also heat and moisture preserving pressure grass；
（5）Adopt container bag and mixed-matrix to cultivate nursery transplant in the present invention, it is easy to carry, be easily handled after the Seedling Diseases of part every
From, not infectivity, after planting express statistic emerge situation, easy after-culture；Per bag of 0.15～0.20kg of weight of nutrient bag seedling of transplanting,
Easily transport or packaging, cost-effective；Preferred substrate and container bag seedling raising mannerses carry out nursery cultivation；
（6）The present invention in container bag upper bracket, 30～40 days inner caps, 1～2 layer of 50% shading screen after conveniently transplanting seedlings, with preventing children
Tender seedling is directly injured by high light, wind and rain, also has effect to reducing moisture evaporation, with the effect for improving storage rate of transplanting seedlings；
（7）The inventive method also needs once to transplant seedling as cultivated the qualified seedlings of 80～100 cm, can will be small container bag straight
Connect in embedment sack, root can penetrate pouch bottom outlet and root injury is few, make to transplant seedlings storage rate than bare-root seeding raising 15%, be easy to seedlings
Afforestation forest form is neat of going up a hill and survival rate height.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 30 years raw seed collecting maternal plants；
Fig. 2 is Spondias axillaris pure seed；
Fig. 3 is that Spondias axillaris sow seedbed；
Fig. 4 be sow seedbed on seed sprout 2 weeks after figure；
Fig. 5 is nutrient bag under support；
Fig. 6 is the yongyangmo growth figure after transplanting 4 weeks；
Fig. 7 is transplanted seedling semi-annual（A）The raw seedling with 1 year（B）；
Fig. 8 stays garden seedling for life in 2 years.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but is not limited thereto.
First, maternal plant selects and collects seed
In East Guangdong and well-grown distributed areas fruit picking sowing, annual September～November is carried out：
（1）Choose seed collecting maternal plant
The seed collecting maternal plant of selection is robust growth and the Spondias axillaris in the best fruiting period.Compare and mix for other strains for removing seed collecting maternal plant
Close.The age of tree excellent maternal plant of more than 30 years sees Fig. 1.
（2）The collection and process of seed
In annual September～November, be Spondias axillaris fructescence, and now suitable collection and process fruit obtain seed.Fruit needs to use
Stack retting method removes pulp and acquisition seed is cleaned with flowing water, and the remaining pulp and colloid on seed is sufficiently stirred for after need to adding fine sand
Removed using friction, make the humic acid that after planting pulp is produced minimum is reduced to the impact that seed is sprouted.
（3）Plant subtype
Arrange the seed that four kinds of processing methods prepare altogether to be contrasted in the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example.
The first is collected fruit in original producton location and macerates ripe rear fleshing（Pulp is not removed totally）Directly sow.
Second is collecting fruit transport（With container traffics such as polybag, bucket, woven bags, using various means of transportation）Arrive
Unit need to be planted, fruit is macerated into ripe fleshing（Pulp is not removed totally）After sow.In prior art, transport seed may use volume
Knit bag, it is also possible to will not.During transport, most people simply considers to act convenient, without from respiration of fruits or macerating ripe seed side
Face accounts for.And the present invention emphasizes that transporting seed is considered based on ripe seed is macerated in transit with woven bag.
The third is the present invention now macerates or ripe fruit is macerated in road using ventilative woven bag transport by now adopting, macerate it is ripe after
Fruit Jing mechanical presses can remove major part pulp, rinse well, then by fine sand friction, fully erased pulp and colloid,
Sow after clean seed is obtained after washing and filtration.
4th kind is using not the same year（1 year to for many years）The stored seedses sowing of collection.
Wherein above two kinds of processing methods are prior arts, are used as control.The third is the innovation mode of the present invention, the
Four kinds, be that the seed of first three processing mode is preserved, in case certain annual seed underproduction.Spondias axillaris are usually adopted then then
Broadcast, but popularizing area is expanded then is also required for the seed that the same year does not adopt in the future.The present invention removes all impurity to collecting seed,
Pure seed is obtained, Fig. 2,1600～2500 g of mass of 1000 kernel is seen.
（4）The storage of seeds
The seed that former years collect is typically maintained in 4 DEG C of low temperature drying environment, and acquisition time is usually no more than 3 years.
2nd, seedbed makes
Seed collecting ground, Guangzhou and Foshan are carried out respectively, and annual September～November is carried out：
（1）Seedbed condition and making
Nursery lot is smooth, divulge information, hydro-thermal is sufficient and the road is clear.Seedbed is above the ground level or 10～15cm of pavement, prevents water from stagnating
Seedbed, but seedbed edge is higher than 1～2cm in the middle part of bed, then be prevent from watering after water be comparatively fast lost in；9～October of sowing time is also
Annual fruit mature period；Seedbed basic condition is shown in Fig. 3.
（2）Other conditions of seedbed
The gentle moisturizing in ground that one layer of straw of lid can improve germination period on seedbed, beneficial to sprouting, must remove straw in 1 week in order to avoid shadow
Ring and sprout and cause seedling stage diseases and pests.
In following embodiments and comparative example, seed and seedbed process and carry out according to the method described above.
A kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving Spondias axillaris sowing germination rate and storage rate of transplanting seedlings of embodiment 1
Using strange land fruit picking using ventilative woven bag transport, ripe fruit is macerated in road, macerate it is ripe after fruit Jing mechanical presses go
Except most of pulp, then pulp is removed completely by fine sand friction, after washing and filtration, obtain clean seed（Above-mentioned the third class
The seed of type）.
Fruit collection is carried out in Raoping, using ventilative woven bag transport to Foshan seeding and seedling raising, October～November is carried out：
（1）Seeding in nursery bed
The liquor potassic permanganate for sowing first 1 day spray 1wt ‰ carries out disinfection to seedbed, by 250～300 seeds of same family；
Seed is uniformly sowed on seedbed, the seed for being uniformly put in seedbed with fragment of brick or spade is beated in soil, makes seed tight with soil
With reference to, then thereon cover one layer of 1～2 cm thin sand and soil.Advantage of this is that, seed is easily breathed freely, easily sprout；And plant
Son is clapped tightly makes root prevent from causing seedling root not tight with soil close contact, causes lodging.The permanganic acid of 1wt ‰ is sprayed immediately again after planting
Potassium solution carries out disinfection in seedbed and straw, till seedbed and straw moisten completely.
（2）After planting seedbed is managed and protected
1～2 clear water is sprayed with gondola water faucet to the seedbed daily morning and evening, with keep moistening not ponding as degree, treat seed sprouting height of seedling 3～
When 4 cm, true leaf 2～3 pairs, nutrient bag is moved into.Move statistical result showed before bag：The average germination rate of seed is 82%.Seed goes out
Seedling was shown in Fig. 4 after 2 weeks.
（3）The selection of container bag
The size of the container bag is front width 10cm, side width 8cm, the white plastic bag of high 10cm, and lower section has aperture to prevent
Ponding during nursery.See Fig. 5.
（4）The preparation of seedling medium
By peat soil, perlite, coconut palm chaff and yellow soil by volume 1：1：2：2 are well mixed, and obtain seedling medium.
（5）Transplant seedlings
Transplanting seedlings first 1 day also needs the liquor potassic permanganate for spraying 1wt ‰ to carry out disinfection seedbed, while irrigating container matrix with water.
Container seedling top adopts the high 50 cm supports of container, and upper covering degree of shading is 50% shading screen, with insulation, moisturizing and protection
Function, rainwater-proof, strong sunlight or low temperature etc. are damaged to transplanted plantlet growth early stage.
（6）Transplant
Transplant seedlings into container bag at cloudy day or rainy day.By step（5）In middle sowing vinyl disc, the high seedling of 3～4cm is risen from seedbed, then
With the acuminous bamboo chip of band in slotting 1 aperture in every nutrition bag as substrate central authorities, 1.5～2.0cm of hole depth, by seedling gently implant holes,
The compacting of seedling side is in the flat of bamboo chip again, after having transplanted, spray clear water determines root, then with the liquor potassic permanganate of 1 wt ‰
Spraying disinfection, finally covers 1～2 layer of shading screen on support, obtains the container seedling transplanted；Under its medium-height trestle, nutrient bag is shown in figure
5；Transplant the yongyangmo growth figure after 4 weeks and see Fig. 6.
（7）Container seedling management
After the transplanting the 3rd day to shading screen under seedling carry out second sterilization, sterilize 1 time weekly afterwards；Sterilization adopts 1
The carbendazim aqueous solution of the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution of wt ‰, the liquor potassic permanganate of 1 wt ‰ or 1 wt ‰ is alternately sterilized；It is fine
Its water spray 2～3 time, respectively at 9 points in the morning daily, 6 pm, fine day noon temperature is high to note water spray, to keep seedling leaves wet
Profit is not wilted and is defined, and solar irradiation is strong, and when temperature is higher than 30 DEG C, needs add 1 layer on 1 layer of shading screen again, 10 points～17 points
Spray water 1 time outside 2 hours films, keep the condition of degree of shading 50～70%；Cloudy day can be in spray 1 time at 5 points in afternoon or according to the growth of cereal crop seedlings not
Spray, rainy day are not sprayed；Shading screen is removed after transplanting 30～40 days, the urea for applying 1.5 wt ‰ can be poured；After transplanting 50～60 days, sterilization
Concentration rises to 4 wt ‰, and concentration of topdressing rises to 4 wt ‰.
（8）Growing state after transplanting
Transplant and start within 1 week to take root, now seedling has been enter into stationary phase, taken root after 2 weeks in a large number or nursery stock root of hair is complete, now recognized
For transplant survival, root elongation afterwards, lateral root increase, and gradually form ripe complete root system, and storage rate of transplanting seedlings reaches 94.0%
（Count during 20～30cm of height of seedling）.In 20～30cm of height of seedling to seedling sorting, nursery stock up to specification is used for into afforestation of going up a hill
Or seedling management in more bulk container bag is moved into, treat that 1～2 year height of seedling to the big after seedlings of 80～100cm are gone up a hill afforestation.Now container is selected
Front width 17cm, side width 16cm, the white plastic bag of high 16cm, nursery stock can be cultivated 1～2 year, and 80～100cm of height of seedling afforests more
Easily survive and grow into forest.Fig. 7 is that seedling moves into the life of container bag later six months（A）The raw figure with 1 year（B）；Fig. 8 stays garden height of seedling 80 in 2 years to transplant
～100 cm, seedlings to be afforested.
A kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving Spondias axillaris sowing germination rate and storage rate of transplanting seedlings of embodiment 2
Macerate ripe fruit using the method now macerated now is adopted, macerate it is ripe after fruit Jing mechanical presses remove most of pulp, then by thin
Sand friction removes pulp completely, after washing and filtration, obtains clean seed（The seed of above-mentioned the third type）.Carry out in Raoping
Fruit is gathered, and directly in Raoping locality seeding and seedling raising, September～October is carried out：
（1）Seeding in nursery bed
The liquor potassic permanganate for sowing first 1 day spray 1wt ‰ carries out disinfection to seedbed, by 250～300 seeds of same family；
Seed is uniformly sowed on seedbed, the seed for being uniformly put in seedbed with fragment of brick or spade is beated in soil（Common yellow soil, contains
Certain sandy composition）In, allow seed to combine closely with soil, then cover one layer of 1～2 cm thin sand and soil thereon.Do so it is good
Place is that seed is easily breathed freely, and is easily sprouted；And seed is clapped and tightly makes root prevent from causing seedling root not tight with soil close contact, cause lodging.
The liquor potassic permanganate for after planting spraying 1wt ‰ immediately again carries out disinfection in seedbed and straw, until seedbed and straw are completely wet
Till profit.
（2）After planting seedbed is managed and protected
1～2 clear water is sprayed with gondola water faucet to the seedbed daily morning and evening, with keep moistening not ponding as degree, treat seed sprouting height of seedling 3～
When 4 cm, true leaf 2～3 pairs, nutrient bag is moved into.Move statistical result showed before bag：The average germination rate of seed is 87%.
（3）The selection of container bag
The size of the container bag is front width 10cm, side width 8cm, the white plastic bag of high 10cm, and lower section has aperture to prevent
Ponding during nursery.
（4）The preparation of seedling medium
By peat soil, perlite, coconut palm chaff and yellow soil by volume 1.5：1.5：2：2 are well mixed, and obtain seedling medium.
（5）Transplant seedlings
Transplanting seedlings first 1 day also needs the liquor potassic permanganate for spraying 1wt ‰ to carry out disinfection seedbed, while irrigating container matrix with water.
Container seedling top adopts the high 50 cm supports of container, and upper covering degree of shading is 50% shading screen, with insulation, moisturizing and protection
Function, rainwater-proof, strong sunlight or low temperature etc. are damaged to transplanted plantlet growth early stage.
（6）Transplant
Transplant seedlings into container bag at cloudy day or rainy day.By step（5）In middle sowing vinyl disc, the high seedling of 3～4cm is risen from seedbed, then
With the acuminous bamboo chip of band in slotting 1 aperture in every nutrition bag as substrate central authorities, 1.5～2.0cm of hole depth, by seedling gently implant holes,
The compacting of seedling side is in the flat of bamboo chip again, after having transplanted, spray clear water determines root, then with the liquor potassic permanganate of 1 wt ‰
Spraying disinfection, finally covers 1～2 layer of shading screen on support, obtains the container seedling transplanted.
（7）Container seedling management
After the transplanting the 3rd day to shading screen under seedling carry out second sterilization, sterilize 1 time weekly afterwards；Sterilization adopts 1
The carbendazim aqueous solution of the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution of wt ‰, the liquor potassic permanganate of 1 wt ‰ or 1 wt ‰ is alternately sterilized；It is fine
Its water spray 2～3 time, respectively at 9 points in the morning daily, 6 pm, fine day noon temperature is high to note water spray, to keep seedling leaves wet
Profit is not wilted and is defined, and solar irradiation is strong, and when temperature is higher than 30 DEG C, needs add 1 layer on 1 layer of shading screen again, 10 points～17 points
Spray water 1 time outside 2 hours films, keep the condition of degree of shading 50～70%；Cloudy day can be in spray 1 time at 5 points in afternoon or according to the growth of cereal crop seedlings not
Spray, rainy day are not sprayed；Shading screen is removed after transplanting 30～40 days, the urea for applying 1.5 wt ‰ can be poured；After transplanting 50～60 days, sterilization
Concentration rises to 4 wt ‰, and concentration of topdressing rises to 4 wt ‰.
（8）Growing state after transplanting
Transplant and start within 1 week to take root, now seedling has been enter into stationary phase, taken root after 2 weeks in a large number or nursery stock root of hair is complete, now recognized
For transplant survival, root elongation afterwards, lateral root increase, and gradually form ripe complete root system, and storage rate of transplanting seedlings reaches 95.0%
（Count during 20～30cm of height of seedling）.In 20～30cm of height of seedling to seedling sorting, nursery stock up to specification is used for into afforestation of going up a hill
Or seedling management in more bulk container bag is moved into, treat that 1～2 year height of seedling to the big after seedlings of 80～100cm are gone up a hill afforestation.Now container is selected
Front width 17cm, side width 16cm, the white plastic bag of high 16cm, nursery stock can be cultivated 1～2 year, and 80～100cm of height of seedling afforests more
Easily survive and grow into forest.
Comparative example 1
Now adopt now to macerate now to broadcast and contrasted, East Guangdong Raoping is collected seed, in East Guangdong Raoping locality seeding and seedling raising, 9～October of time.
（1）Collection grows the fruit mixed seeding for being not higher than breeder mother's strain in 10 years at the thin and weak and age of stand, the same embodiment of other methods
2, then proceed to be cultivated using the method for embodiment 2.Germination rate is less than 25%, and most seeds are not sprouted.
（2）Pulp and colloid remove whether clean contrast test.The same embodiment of fruit picking maternal plant, seeding and seedling raising and management method
2。
As a result it is as follows：The seed that pulp is not substantially removed, after planting germination rate be less than 10%, remove substantially clean sprouting
Rate reaches 65%, and is rubbed by fine sand and remove the seed of pulp and colloid, and germination rate can reach more than 82%.
Comparative example 2
East Guangdong Raoping is collected seed, seeding and seedling raising point：Guangzhou, seeding and seedling raising were carried out in October～November, and continuing nursery is carried out always：
（1）Seed Type Test
To 3 a variety of subtypes after planting, by counting discovery, the first：Collect seed in original producton location（Pulp is not removed totally）Directly
Seeding and seedling raising is connect, germination rate is 68%；Second：Transported with gas-impermeable plastics bag after collecting fruit, ripe arrival mesh is macerated by road
Ground remove pulp（Pulp is not removed totally）After sow, germination rate is 37%；The third：It is to be existed using ventilative woven bag transport
Ripe fruit is macerated in road, macerate it is ripe after fruit Jing mechanical presses remove most of pulp, rinse well, then by fine sand friction,
Sow after clean seed is obtained after fully erased pulp and colloid, washing and filtration, average germination rate is 82%.
（2）Whether mulching straw is tested
One layer of straw is covered on thin sand and soil after planting, is contributed to seedbed insulation, moisturizing and pressure weeds, is promoted seed to sprout.
Lid straw then easily do not do by seedbed, and water easy to leak, make seed dry and wet it is improper be difficult sprout.Cover the Spondias axillaris seed germination rate of straw
Than non-covering person's mean height more than 15%.The straw that seedbed is covered in the case of not raining within 1 week should be removed.
（3）Sow front 50 DEG C of hot-water treated seed
By sowing front 50 DEG C of hot-water treated seed, then seed is soaked in hot water up to natural cooling, when seed soaks
Between 24 h, seed can be promoted to include hormone activity by the method makes seed be more easy to sprout, and germination rate is high.Do not soak and soak with 40 DEG C
The effect of bubble is not such.50 DEG C of hot-water treated seed of optimization process method distinguish high with cold water soak germination rate than 40 DEG C respectively
8% and 23%, the average germination rate of seed is not soaked less than 20%.
（4）Seedbed continues nursery and container nursery contrast test
Nursery stock grows too high easy generation wind-fall in seedbed, and seedling spacing is little to make nutrient competition cause growth thin and delicate, and eats Ye Hegen
The pest and disease damages such as corruption harm weight, therefore seedbed continues the Seedling survival rate of nursery far below container nursery, storage rate highest gap reaches
40%。
（5）Seed and 1 year, collection seed contrast sowing before 2 years then
Collection then is sowed simultaneously with former years collection seed after obtaining seed.Conclusion：It is optimal, germination rate to adopt sowing then then
More than 82% is reached, and the seed germination rate for preserving 1 year and 2 years is respectively 61% and 36.5%.
（6）Seed after planting whether test by the degree of packing
The seed brick being evenly distributed or spade are clapped to seedbed to the reasonable degree of packing after planting, combined closely with soil, then
Cover 1～2cm fine sands.Compared by germination rate, seed is combined consolidation and is easy to sprout with seedbed soil, and moisture supply is sufficient, and not
The method seed is taken because of long-time water shortage or waterflooding and germination rate is relatively low.Seed is combined the average germination rate of consolidation with seedbed soil
It is higher by 24% than the average germination rate of non-consolidation, the germination rate only 0% of worst family.
（7）Transplant seedlings morning and evening contrast test
1～2cm of height, 2～3cm, 3～4cm and 4～5cm are sprouted according to nursery stock to be moved in container bag respectively, unite after 30～40 days
Count storage rate of transplanting seedlings, respectively 65%, 75%, 94% and 88%, with transplanting during 3～4cm as best period.
（8）The preparation of seedling medium
Peat soil, perlite, coconut palm chaff and yellow soil 1122 are well mixed by volume, seedling medium is obtained.By this proportioning
Container seedling growth can be promoted fully, good permeability, water holding fertilizer ability are strong, while recovery to growth of transplanting seedlings and take root preferably,
Storage rate of transplanting seedlings is improve correspondingly, wherein by this proportion optimizing, yellow soil+peat soil（1：1）With three class matrix of yellow soil
Container seedling averagely transplant seedlings storage rate be respectively 94%, 86% and 78%.
（9）Container nursery is tested with support overlying shading screen
Coverage shading net after transplanting seedlings, can be to children tender transplanted seedlings insulation, moisturizing and safeguard function, rainwater-proof, strong sunlight or low temperature etc.
To transplanted plantlet rooting inhibition of cuttings or damage.Count after transplanting seedlings 30～40 days, plus the container seedling of shading screen is more flat than what is do not added
Storage rate of transplanting seedlings is high by 23%.
（10）Sachet containers and big bag container cultivate 1～2 year growth fraction compared with
As small container seedling is cultivated always to 1～2 life, then seedling easily grows up to thin and delicate shape and easily lodges, and trunk is not obvious.Sack is moved in time
Container can make root and dry fully growth, be difficult lodging, and seedling quality is good, and the surrival rate of afforestation is high.In the case where the seedling-raising techniques such as fertilising are consistent,
Although storage rate is only higher by 5% than sachet containers in front of the mountains on big bag container seedling, in sack, seedling growth is sturdy, upright and root system is sent out
Reach, and pouch seedling it is then very thin, it is curved fall, root system it is undeveloped, most seedling trunks are not obvious, and seedling quality is preferred with sack nursery.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention not by above-described embodiment
Limit, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention and the change, modification, replacement made under principle, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of Spondias axillaris, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Collect seed：During Spondias axillaris fructescence, in robust growth and in fruit picking collection kind on the elite stand in the best fruiting period；
2）The collection and preparation of seed：Now adopt and now macerate or ripe fruit is macerated in road using ventilative woven bag transport, macerate it is ripe after
Fruit obtains seed through process；
3）Seedbed prepares：Seedbed is carried out disinfection using potassium permanganate and Acetochlor, prevent pest and disease damage and Weed infestation；
4）Seed sows pre-treatment：It is soaked in water before clean seed sowing；
5）Seedbed nursery：Seed is seeded on seedbed, to nursery bed disinfection and permeable bonnet last layer straw is poured；
6）Container bag nursery：Transplantation of seedlings is cultivated in container bag after emerging；Container bag seedling medium include peat soil,
Perlite, coconut palm chaff and/or yellow soil.
2. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 2）Macerate it is ripe after fruit directly remove pericarp,
Pulp and colloid, rinse well, by fine sand friction, fully remove pulp and colloid, obtain clean seed after washing and filtration,
Collected, dry after preserve stand-by.
3. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 3）The work of middle nursery bed disinfection potassium permanganate
Concentration is 0.4～0.6%, and the working concentration of Acetochlor is 0.5～1ppm.
4. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 4）In clean seed broadcast before with 40-55 DEG C it is warm
Water is dipped to natural cooling, and continues for some time, and immersion total time is controlled in 22-26 h.
5. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 5) seed is seeded on seedbed, by seed
Consolidation is clapped with soil, it is even thereon to spill 1～2cm thickness thin sand and soils；To nursery bed disinfection and pour permeable bonnet last layer straw.
6. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 6）In treat 3～4 cm of seed sprouting height of seedling, very
2～3 pairs of time shifts of leaf enter nutrient bag, add support and lid shading screen above container bag seedling.
7. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 6）Middle container bag seedling medium be peat soil,
Perlite, coconut palm chaff and yellow soil are by volume（1～1.5）：（1～1.5）：2：2 are mixed to get.
8. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 5）With 6）Incubation in using 0.5～
The carbendazim aqueous solution of the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution, the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.5～1wt ‰ or 0.5～1wt ‰ of 1wt ‰
Alternately sterilize.
9. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 6）After transplanting container bag seedling culture 30～40 days
Remove shading screen, pour the composite fertilizer's aqueous solution for applying 1～1.5 wt, ‰ urea or 1～1.5 wt ‰, reach most heights of seedling 20～
Seedling sorting is carried out after 30cm, nursery stock up to specification is used to go up a hill afforestation or seedling management in more bulk container bag is moved into, 1 is treated
～2 years heights of seedling to the big after seedlings of 80～100cm are gone up a hill afforestation.
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