CN110301314A - A kind of field acquisition Sweet Potato Germplasm processing method - Google Patents
A kind of field acquisition Sweet Potato Germplasm processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110301314A CN110301314A CN201910531556.6A CN201910531556A CN110301314A CN 110301314 A CN110301314 A CN 110301314A CN 201910531556 A CN201910531556 A CN 201910531556A CN 110301314 A CN110301314 A CN 110301314A
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- sweet potato
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- sprout
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of field acquisition Sweet Potato Germplasm processing methods.The present invention saves from the research field acquisition of seedling, seedling process with packaging, the water planting of seedling, the transport of seedling, transplanting be isolated and plants after the links such as management start with, a kind of field acquisition Sweet Potato Germplasm processing method is invented, greatly improve the survival rate of field acquisition Sweet Potato Germplasm, the diffusion sprawling for effectively avoiding sweet potato pest and disease damage realizes that the field of Sweet Potato Germplasm is collected and handled.Horn of plenty Sweet Potato Germplasm of the present invention, breeding sweet potato breakthrough varieties are laid a good foundation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology fields, and in particular to a kind of field acquisition Sweet Potato Germplasm processing method.
Background technique
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is grain important in the world, feed, the raw material of industry and New Energy
Source root crop, China are maximum sweet potato producing country in the world, long-term 5500000 hm of cultivated area2, fresh tuber yield about 1.2
×108T accounts for the 60% and 85% of world's sweet potato total cultivated area and total output respectively.Sweet potato hereditary basis is narrow, pest and disease damage,
Virosis harm is serious, seriously constrains the genetic improvement of sweet potato variety.Domestic and international many results of study show core parent lines
Excessive use causes genetic diversity between sweet potato variety low, and hereditary basis is narrow, and the breakthrough varieties selected are less.
China is one of agriculture country most ancient in the world, there is cultivation abundant and wild plant resource, it is considered to be is planted
Cultivate one of object Genetic Diversity Centers.But due to being increased rapidly etc. population, China's agricultural plant resource is by serious
Artificial destruction and erosion；Denizen invasion reduce indigenous floristics, in addition the reduction of a large amount of disease pest natural enemies, makes to make
Object pest and disease damage aggravates；The plantation that is widely applied of mechanization of agriculture and breeding results in a large amount of local varieties and is eliminated.
Germplasm Resources of Farm Crop is to ensure the key war of national food security, biological industry development and Ecological Civilization Construction
Slightly resource.To carry out " national Germplasm Resources of Farm Crop protection plans (2015-2030) with using Long-and Medium-term Development " (agriculture
Kind hair (2015) 2), in the case where the Ministry of Finance supports, from 2015, the Ministry of Agriculture organized Third National crops germplasm money
Source generaI investigation is taken action with collection.Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Chongqing take the lead in starting resource investigation and collection and system investigation with it is rescue
Collection work, Hubei Prov. Acdemy of Agricutural Sciences are responsible for completing the investigation of Hubei Province's resource system and rescue collection work.Sweet potato sprout
It is frequently encountered field during collection to introduce a fine variety, and the area introduced a fine variety has inconvenient traffic mostly in remote mountain areas.It is transported from collecting
Transport to destination, it is often necessary to pass through many times.Field acquisition sweet potato sprout and to carry out processing method be one extremely important
Link, and obtain field successful introduction key.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of field acquisition Sweet Potato Germplasm processing methods.
The present invention protects the field acquisition and processing method of a kind of sweet potato, field acquisition and transporter including sweet potato first
Method；After the field acquisition and transportation resources of the sweet potato include the following steps: field acquisition sweet potato sprout, old leaf is all cut
It removes, and is wrapped in sweet potato sprout lower part 9-11cm using the sterilizing water imbibition towel or its substitute of half wet condition and is transported.
The 9-11cm concretely 10cm.
Sweet potato sprout ventilative kind seedling box is put into when transport to transport.
When field acquisition sweet potato sprout, from clip in no disease and pests harm, the sweet potato seedling of robust growth apart from top length 30-
The part of 40cm is as sweet potato sprout.
The field acquisition of the sweet potato and processing method further include the short-term preservation method of sweet potato sprout, the sweet potato sprout
Short-term preservation can be used for after field acquisition or transport to a certain place after；The short-term preservation method of the sweet potato sprout includes such as
Lower step: sweet potato sprout is placed in the container containing suitable quantity of water, and the total volume of water is the 25%-35% (tool of container volume
Body can be for 30%), sweet potato sprout be inserted into 5-10cm in water, and the part being inserted into water cuts off blade；It is rinsed with water seedling leaching daily
The part ducked in drink is to remove decayed portion or microorganism above, while the water in more new container.
Mineral water, tap water or cold boiled water water specifically can be used in the water.
Total plate count in the water requires to be lower than every milliliter of 50 units.
The field acquisition of the sweet potato and processing method further include sweet potato sprout transplanting and cultivation after management method, it is described sweet
Management can be used for transporting the sweet potato sprout of field acquisition to transplanting definite value ground after the transplanting and cultivation of potato seedling；The sweet potato kind
The method for transplanting of seedling includes the following steps: to plant transplantation of seedlings into soil and carries out shading treatment 9-11 days (concretely 10
It).
Soil within 2 kilometers of transplant planting location not sweet potato planting.
Direct sunlight is avoided when transplanting.Avoid direct sunlight can be by realizing in the dusk or cloudy day transplanting.
It is sprinkled profoundly water in time after transplanting, guarantees that planting seedling survives.When meeting day drought, optionally water.
Growth period continues routine observation, immediately by entire plant when discovery or suspection are with quarantine harmful organisms
It destroys.
The present invention also protects a kind of transportation resources of sweet potato seedling, includes the following steps: to absorb water using the sterilizing of half wet condition
Property towel or its substitute are wrapped in sweet potato seedling lower part 9-11cm and are transported.
The 9-11cm concretely 10cm.
Sweet potato sprout ventilative kind seedling box is put into when transport to transport.
The present invention also protects a kind of short-term preservation method of sweet potato seedling, include the following steps: for sweet potato seedling to be placed in containing
In the container of suitable quantity of water, the total volume of water is about the 25%-35% of container volume (concretely 30%), and sweet potato sprout is inserted into water
Middle 5-10cm, the part being inserted into water cut off blade；It is rinsed with water the part of seedling immersion in water daily to remove corruption above
Rotten part or microorganism, while the water in more new container.
Mineral water, tap water or cold boiled water water specifically can be used in the water.
Total plate count in the water requires to be lower than every milliliter of 50 units.
The present invention also protects management method after the transplanting and cultivation of a kind of sweet potato seedling, includes the following steps: that transplantation of seedlings will be planted extremely
In soil and carry out shading treatment 9-11 days (concretely 10 days).
Soil within 2 kilometers of transplant planting location not sweet potato planting.
Direct sunlight is avoided when transplanting.Avoid direct sunlight can be by realizing in the dusk or cloudy day transplanting.
It is sprinkled profoundly water in time after transplanting, guarantees that planting seedling survives.When meeting day drought, optionally water.
Growth period continues routine observation, immediately by entire plant when discovery or suspection are with quarantine harmful organisms
It destroys.
Half wet condition of any description above can be the state wrung out to not dripping.
Any description above towel or its substitute are by disinfection treatment.
The sterilization method concretely boils 10 minutes in micro-wave oven in high fire operation 5 minutes or boiling water.
The short-term preservation method of any description above sweet potato seedling can be such that sweet potato seedling saves 10-30 days.
The present invention also protects application of the method for any description above in Sweet Potato Germplasm protection.
The present invention also protects application of the method for any description above in sweet potato breeding.
Any description above sweet potato concretely Hubei Province potato 11.
The present invention saves from research field acquisition, seedling process and the packaging of seedling, the water planting of seedling, the transport of seedling,
The links such as management are started with after isolation transplanting and cultivation, have been invented a kind of field acquisition Sweet Potato Germplasm processing method, have greatly been mentioned
The high survival rate of field acquisition Sweet Potato Germplasm, effectively avoids the diffusion sprawling of sweet potato pest and disease damage, realizes sweet potato kind
The field of matter resource is collected and processing.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: 1, by the application of this method, ensure that a kind of field acquisition sweet potato germplasm
Resource processing survival rate reaches 95% or more；2, the material for wrapping up seedling has carried out sterilization processing, reduces what seedling infection was rotted
Risk.3, the raising of survival rate is collected in Sweet Potato Germplasm field, and it is sweet for being conducive to abundant Sweet Potato Germplasm genetic diversity
Potato breed improvement and resource innovation provide basis.4, sweet potato disease pest can be lowered to greatest extent by the way that the detection planted experimentally with epidemic situation is isolated
The risk that evil is propagated, effectively prevents the propagation of sweet potato pest and disease damage.Horn of plenty Sweet Potato Germplasm of the present invention, breeding sweet potato break through
Property kind is laid a good foundation.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment below facilitates a better understanding of the present invention, but does not limit the present invention.Experiment in following embodiments
Method is unless otherwise specified conventional method.Test material as used in the following examples is unless otherwise specified certainly
What routine biochemistry reagent shop was commercially available.Quantitative test in following embodiment is respectively provided with three repeated experiments, as a result makes even
Mean value.
Hubei Province potato 11: bibliography: Wang Lianjun, Lei Jian, Su Wenjin wait .2015.2005-2014 sweet potato variety country to reflect
Determine situation analysis hubei agricultural science, 54 (12): 2844-2849.；The public can be from Hubei Prov. Acdemy of Agricutural Sciences cereal crops
Research institute obtains.
Embodiment 1, the method for field acquisition Sweet Potato Germplasm processing
Hubei Province's agricultural is planted in after the Hu Jiashan field acquisition sweet potato sprout of Hubei Province, Yingshan County, Huanggang City stone nozzle town
Cereal crops research institute, academy of sciences Experimental Base.
1, the field acquisition of seedling
It is sweet that no disease and pests harm, Hubei Province potato 11 of robust growth are chosen outside Hubei Province, Yingshan County, Huanggang City stone nozzle town Hu man hill
Potato seedling growth, clip length is 30-40cm (distance apart from top), as sweet potato sprout.
It requires scene to carry out GPS positioning according to generaI investigation, digital photographing, arrange, tie up, be listed.And the germplasm of collection is provided
Raw file is established in source, in detail record title material, essential characteristic characteristic, collecting location and time, collecting quantity, acquisition people
Deng.
2, seedling process, packaging and transport
The sweet potato sprout that step 1 is acquired is handled as follows:
(1) old leaf in sweet potato sprout is all wiped out to reduce moisture transpiration；
(2) towel (other water imbibition cotton goods substitution, such as cotton can also be used) cleaned up is taken, in micro-wave oven
High fire operation 5 minutes or boil in boiling water 10 minutes carries out disinfection, and semi-moist (wring out to not dripping is held the towel in after disinfection
Water) state；
(3) towel for taking step (1) treated sweet potato sprout and step (2) treated half wet condition, using plastics
Towel is wrapped in sweet potato sprout lower part 10cm left-right position by rope or rubber band；
(4) by step (3), treated that seedling is put into ventilative kind seedling box takes back base.
If seedling needs mostly are transporting, handled when transport according to above-mentioned steps every time.
3, the water planting of seedling saves
If seedling needs to carry out short-term preservation before taking back base, can be carried out according to this step.
After completing step 2, sweet potato sprout is taken out from towel, is placed in the container containing suitable quantity of water (the totality of water
Product is about 30% or so of container volume), sweet potato sprout is inserted into 5-10cm in water, and the part being inserted into water needs to cut off blade.
It is rinsed with water the part of seedling immersion in water daily to remove decayed portion or microorganism above, while updating in bottle
Water.
Seedling can be reserved for 10-30 days in this way.
Mineral water, tap water or cold boiled water water specifically can be used in above-mentioned water.
The above-mentioned total plate count in water requires to be lower than every milliliter of 50 units.
It after short-term preservation, transports, can be handled according to the method for step 2 if you need to continue.
4, it is managed after isolation transplanting and cultivation
After seedling takes back base, seedling in transplant planting is transplanted.
Soil within 2 kilometers of transplant planting location not sweet potato planting, realizes isolation implant.
Seedling is transplanted in the dusk or cloudy (avoiding direct sunlight) into soil, is carried out after transplanting using shading net
Shading treatment (for the transpiration for reducing plant moisture) 10 days, after 10 days, seedling root is grown substantially, removes shading net.
It is sprinkled profoundly water in time after transplanting, guarantees that planting seedling survives.When meeting day drought, optionally water.
Growth period continues routine observation, immediately by entire plant when discovery or suspection are with quarantine harmful organisms
It destroys.
Statistics transplanting seedling after transplanting 10 days, setting repeats three times altogether, acquires 10 plants of seedlings, through counting, survival rate every time
Reach 100%.
Comparative example 1,
Collect and handle according to the method for embodiment 1 sweet potato sprout, wherein step 2 does not carry out old leaf removal, and in step
In rapid 2, replace towel to wrap up seedling using newspaper or polybag, setting repeats three times altogether, acquire 10 plants of seedlings every time, statistics at
Motility rate.
It the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
It is counted, after field planting transplanting 10 days, the sweet potato leaf and stem that do not remove old leaf and wrapped up using newspaper or polybag
Section has been rotted, and Sweet Potato Germplasm survival rate is only 6.7-43.3%.
Claims (10)
1. the field acquisition and processing method of a kind of sweet potato, field acquisition and transportation resources including sweet potato；The open country of the sweet potato
After outer acquisition and transportation resources include the following steps: field acquisition sweet potato sprout, old leaf is all wiped out, and uses half wet condition
Sterilizing water imbibition towel or its substitute be wrapped in sweet potato sprout lower part 9-11cm and transported.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: when field acquisition sweet potato sprout, from no disease and pests harm, robust growth
Sweet potato seedling on part of the clip apart from top length 30-40cm as sweet potato sprout.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the field acquisition of the sweet potato and processing method further include
The short-term preservation method of sweet potato sprout, the short-term preservation of the sweet potato sprout can be used for after field acquisition or transport to a certain place
Afterwards；The short-term preservation method of the sweet potato sprout includes the following steps: for sweet potato sprout to be placed in the container containing suitable quantity of water,
The total volume of water is the 25%-35% of container volume, and sweet potato sprout is inserted into 5-10cm in water, and the part being inserted into water cuts off leaf
Piece；It is rinsed with water the part of seedling immersion in water daily to remove decayed portion or microorganism above, while updating appearance
Water in device.
4. the method as described in claims 1 to 3 is any, it is characterised in that: the field acquisition of the sweet potato and processing method are also
Management method after transplanting and cultivation including sweet potato sprout, management can be used for field acquisition after the transplanting and cultivation of the sweet potato sprout
Sweet potato sprout transport to transplanting definite value ground after；The method for transplanting of the sweet potato sprout includes the following steps: that transplantation of seedlings will be planted extremely
In soil and carry out shading treatment 9-11 days.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that:
Soil within 2 kilometers of transplant planting location not sweet potato planting；
And/or
Direct sunlight is avoided when transplanting.
6. a kind of transportation resources of sweet potato seedling includes the following steps: using the sterilizing water imbibition towel of half wet condition or its substitution
Object is wrapped in sweet potato sprout lower part 9-11cm and is transported.
7. a kind of short-term preservation method of sweet potato seedling, includes the following steps: for sweet potato seedling to be placed in the container containing suitable quantity of water,
The total volume of water is about the 25%-35% of container volume, and sweet potato sprout is inserted into 5-10cm in water, and the part being inserted into water cuts off leaf
Piece；It is rinsed with water the part of seedling immersion in water daily to remove decayed portion or microorganism above, while more new container
In water.
8. management method after the transplanting and cultivation of a kind of sweet potato seedling includes the following steps: that transplantation of seedlings will be planted into soil and hides
Yin processing 9-11 days.
9. application of any method of claim 1 to 8 in Sweet Potato Germplasm protection.
10. application of any method of claim 1 to 8 in sweet potato breeding.
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| CN201910531556.6A CN110301314A (en) | 2019-06-19 | 2019-06-19 | A kind of field acquisition Sweet Potato Germplasm processing method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110720368A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-24 | 山西省农业科学院高粱研究所 | Preservation method of sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110720368A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-24 | 山西省农业科学院高粱研究所 | Preservation method of sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation |
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