CN110651701B

CN110651701B - Shaping cultivation method and application of single-rod spherical flower of rhododendron anthopogonoides variety' red coral

Info

Publication number: CN110651701B
Application number: CN201911104271.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘晓青; 苏家乐; 李畅; 肖政; 周惠民; 孙晓波; 何丽斯
Original assignee: Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2019-11-13
Filing date: 2019-11-13
Publication date: 2021-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-13
Also published as: CN110651701A

Abstract

The invention discloses a shaping cultivation method and application of a single-rod spherical flower of rhododendron anthopogonoides, belonging to the technical field of plant cultivation and shaping. The method is characterized in that chlormequat chloride with proper concentration is sprayed on plant leaf surfaces, and only one branch and proper external factors such as fertilizer, water and light are reserved in a matched manner for coordinated regulation, so that more than 5 flower buds can be formed at the top end of the branch of the rhododendron anthopogonoides variety, the number of blossoms at the top end of each branch is more than 15, and a large flower ball is formed at the top, so that a unique single-rod spherical shape is formed, a new ornamental effect is brought to the eyes of people, the ornamental value and the economic value of the rhododendron anthopogonoides variety 'rhododendron anthopogonoide' are greatly improved, a new cultivation mode and a product of the rhododendron anthopogonoide variety 'rhododendron anthopogonoide' are created, the operation is simple, the cost is low, the method can be used for batch cultivation, and the method can be popularized.

Description

Shaping cultivation method and application of single-rod spherical flower of rhododendron anthopogonoides variety' red coral

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, particularly relates to the field of woody ornamental plant cultivation methods, and particularly relates to a shaping cultivation method and application of a single-rod spherical flower of rhododendron anthopogonoides.

Background

The flos Rhododendri Simsii is of Rhododendron of Ericaceae (Ericaceae)Rhododendron) The famous ornamental plant is one of ten traditional famous flowers in China, is praised as being applied to all the people in the middle and the west and is popular with the people due to the characteristics of various postures, colors, varieties, long flower period and the like. The rhododendron cultivar in China can be divided into four populations of rhododendron anthopogonoides, rhododendron simsii, rhododendron pulchrum, rhododendron palustre and the like according to sources, parents, flowering phases and the like, wherein the rhododendron pulchrum is applied to municipal greening for beautifying and greening urban environment; east cuckoo, west cuckoo and summerThe rhododendron is mainly used for potted plant supply markets and beautifying and decorating hall, restaurant and home environment. The development of the azalea industry in China begins in the 80 th 20 th century, Belgium azalea introduced from two parties is one of the leading industries for promoting the economic development of local rural areas and increasing the income of farmers through the continuous excellence of cultivation technologies such as screening, breeding, flowering phase control and the like.

The common east azalea in the market is cultivated in batches to form a traditional multi-branch round-head-shaped potted plant, branches are promoted to form a crown surface with a certain area mainly by trimming in the cultivation process, the diameter of the crown is generally 20-60cm, 1-3 flowers are planted on the top of each branch, the flowers are basically evenly distributed on the crown surface, the common east azalea is a common shape and is generally only used for garden greening and common potted plants.

In recent years, with the rise of creative agriculture, leisure agriculture and e-commerce and the generation of aesthetic fatigue of people to common conventional cultivation products, the traditional cultivation mode of rhododendrons is impacted, small-sized rhododendron products which can bring a new feeling to people are more and more popular, and in the cultivation mode, the traditional rhododendron cultivation needs manual repeated pruning in order to enable plants to achieve a certain ornamental effect, cannot adapt to the industrial mass production and the automatic control mode of modern greenhouses, and has certain limitation in the application range.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of single shape, limited application range and low commercial value of the existing azalea, and provides a method for cultivating the single-rod spherical flower of the rhododendron anthopogonoides variety 'Hongshou', wherein the 'Hongshou' plant cultivated by the method can form a unique micro single-rod spherical shape.

A method for cultivating a single-rod spherical flower of rhododendron anthopogonoides includes the following steps: selecting and potting seedlings, namely selecting robust east azalea variety 'red coral' half-life cutting seedlings in 1 to 1 year, replacing the seedlings in the middle and last ten days of 2 months into flowerpots with proper sizes, and watering one seedling in each pot thoroughly and fully irradiating;

(2) after at least 7 days and before 3 months, applying a proper amount of balance fertilizer to roots for the first time;

(3) cutting to about 2cm of the soil surface in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, and performing full light management;

(4) carrying out root application of the balance fertilizer for the second time after the new leaves are flattened, carrying out root application of the balance fertilizer for the second time after at least 20 days, and carrying out root application of the balance fertilizer once every 20 days and at least once again;

(5) when the new branches are drawn to 3-5cm, one strongest branch is reserved, all other branches are wiped off, and shading treatment with shading degree of 0-70% is carried out at noon of each sunny day;

(6) binding and fixing the branches by using a rod-shaped object with certain supporting strength when the new branches grow to 8-10cm, so as to facilitate the vertical growth of the branches, and then shading treatment with shading degree of 0-70% is carried out at noon on each sunny day;

(7) spraying leaf surfaces with chlormequat chloride of 400-1600 PPm when branches grow to about 15cm at the bottom of 7 months at the beginning of 6 months, spraying for 1 time after 20 days, wherein the amount is the same as that of the first time, and shading treatment with shading degree of 0-70% is carried out at about 10 am and half to 3 pm in clear weather;

(8) applying fertilizer to all samples from 8 late to 9 early months, and applying appropriate amount of high-phosphorus high-potassium fertilizer;

(9) after 9 months, carrying out full-light treatment, and spraying 0.1% monopotassium phosphate on leaf surfaces for 2 times in the middle and last ten days of 9 months and 10 middle and last ten days of months, wherein the number of days between fertilization is about 30 days;

(10) the single-stalk spherical plant is formed at the bottom of about 10 months and at the beginning of 11 months.

Preferably, the pot-changing substrate in the step (1) is formed by mixing peat and perlite in a volume ratio of 3: 1;

preferably, the balance fertilizer in the step (1) and the step (4) is a balance fertilizer with the concentration of 0.2% (N20 + P20+ K20) and the application amount is about 200ml per pot.

Preferably, shading treatment with 30% shading degree is performed in the step (5);

preferably, the method for spraying the leaf surfaces in the step (5) takes the branch tops as the central points, and the dense fog is preferably applied to the water drops on the whole leaf surfaces.

Preferably, shading treatment with a shading degree of 30% is performed in the step (6);

preferably, shading treatment with a shading degree of 30% is performed in the step (7);

preferably, the chlormequat chloride with the concentration of 500-1200 PPm is used for carrying out leaf surface spraying treatment in the step (7);

more preferably, the chlormequat chloride with the concentration of 800PPm is used for carrying out leaf surface spraying treatment in the step (7);

preferably, the high-phosphorus high-potassium fertilizer in the step (8) is a high-phosphorus high-potassium fertilizer with the concentration of 0.1% (N10 + P30+ K20);

preferably, in the whole cultivation process, the usage frequency of the ferrous sulfate throughout the year is 1 time per month, the concentration is 1000 times of dilution, except that the water is immediately watered after the pot is changed, and the watering is carried out when the water content of the soil reaches about 15 percent.

An application of a single-rod spherical flower shaping cultivation method of a rhododendron anthopogonoides variety 'red coral' is as follows:

1. the method is applied to potted plant viewing: at the end of about 10 months and at the beginning of 11 months, the flower bud differentiation is completely completed, the plant does not perform reproductive growth any more, and the maintenance management at the moment is as follows: shading is not needed, and full light is provided; no fertilizer is applied; the watering principle is that the water is thoroughly dried and watered, the natural flowering phase greenhouse lasts for about 30 days at the bottom of 3 months and at the beginning of 4 months, and the watering is not applied to the leaf surfaces in the flowering phase; if the single-rod spherical product with the ornamental effect is formed in the next year, the flower withering is still carried out according to the technical scheme, otherwise, the management is carried out according to the conventional common pot culture pruning.

2. Application to cut flowers: if the flower ball is cut off to be used as a flower arrangement, the flower branch is cut off in the open color period and inserted into clear water, the depth is 2/3 of the length of the flower branch, the clear water is replaced once every 2-3 days, and the whole bottle insertion period is about 25 days.

The technical effects are as follows:

1. the cultivation method only needs 10 months from the cutting of the seedlings to the formation of the single-rod spherical plants, and the cultivated single-rod spherical plants have consistent height, better growth vigor, concentrated flower buds and proper quantity and have higher ornamental value;

2. the cultivation method disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient to operate in the cultivation process, and can be suitable for large-scale batch cultivation, such as a modern automatic greenhouse, and the labor is saved, so that the deep and rapid development of the azalea industry is promoted;

3. the single-rod spherical plant cultivated by the cultivation method can be applied to traditional greening and potted plant appreciation, can also be made into cut flowers, is far lower in cost than the traditional cut flowers such as roses, is longer in flowering period than the traditional cut flowers such as roses, can generally keep a flowering state for 25 days, and breaks through the traditional cognition of people on the rhododendron modeling.

Drawings

FIG. 1: the conventional east rhododendron variety cultivated by the prior art is potted;

FIG. 2: the full plant photo of the single-rod spherical plant entity formed by the best embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3: the best embodiment of the invention forms a top view picture of a single-rod spherical plant object.

Detailed Description

Test example 1: effect of different hormone treatments on growth and development of rhododendron anthopogonoides variety' Red coral

The purpose of the test is as follows: primarily screening and processing the suitable hormone types of the rhododendron, and observing and judging mainly from the aspects of flower bud differentiation rate, leaf deformity rate, plant injury and the like;

the test process comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting 200 semi-grown cutting seedlings of 1-1 year of east rhododendron variety 'red coral' with strong growth vigor and no plant diseases and insect pests, dividing the cutting seedlings into four treatment groups, setting labels for marking 50 seedlings in each treatment group, simultaneously changing the cutting seedlings into 12 × 14cm flowerpots in the middle and late ten days of 2 months, mixing peat and perlite according to the volume ratio of 3:1 to form a pot matrix, and watering the seedlings thoroughly and fully illuminating the pots in each pot;

(2) after 7 days, the first root is applied with a balanced fertilizer (N20 + P20+ K20) with the concentration of 0.2 percent, and the application amount is 200ml per pot;

(3) cutting to 2cm of the soil surface in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, and performing full light management;

(4) after the new leaves are flattened, applying fertilizer to roots for the second time, still adopting balance fertilizer (N20 + P20+ K20) with the concentration of 0.2 percent, wherein the application amount is 200ml per pot, and after 20 days and 50 days, respectively applying the balance fertilizer to roots for the third time and the fourth time, wherein the application amounts are 200ml respectively;

(5) when the new branches are drawn to 3-5cm, one strongest branch is reserved, all other branches are wiped off, and then shading treatment is carried out on a shading net with shading degree of 30% from 11 am to 2 pm on each fine day;

(6) when the new branch grows to 8-10cm, binding and fixing the branch by using a steel chisel so as to facilitate the vertical growth of the branch, and then shading by using a shading net with shading degree of 30% from 11 am to 2 pm on each fine day;

(7) when the branches grow to about 15cm, carrying out leaf surface spraying treatment on the four treatment groups by respectively using equal amount of clear water, CCC (chlormequat chloride) with the concentration of 500PPm, PP333 (paclobutrazol) with the concentration of 500PPm and Qingxian with the concentration of 500PPm, spraying for 1 time after 20 days, and then carrying out shading treatment for 30% from 10 am to 3 pm in clear weather till 8 late ten days;

(8) applying fertilizer to all samples from 8 Laetia to 9 Laetia, and applying high-phosphorus high-potassium fertilizer (N10 + P30+ K20) with concentration of 0.2%;

(9) after 9 months, the leaves are treated by full light, and 0.1 percent of monopotassium phosphate is sprayed on the leaves 2 times in the middle and last ten days of 9 months and 10 months, wherein the number of the fertilizing interval days is about 30 days.

(10) And at the end of 10 months, observing all samples, recording related test data, and sorting the data to obtain a test result condition table shown in the table 1.

TABLE 1 Effect of different hormones on growth and development of Rhododendron anthopogonoides

The results in table 1 show that CCC and PP333 with certain concentrations have a significant promotion effect on flower bud differentiation of rhododendron anthopogonoides ' of the rhododendron anthopogonoides ' variety, but PP333 has a higher rate of teratogenic effect on leaves at the top of the plant and has a certain influence on ornamental value, while the cynanchum has a high rate of damage to leaves of the plant, so that not only is the ornamental value greatly reduced, but also the growth potential is seriously influenced, and no flower bud differentiation is caused, therefore, the CCC is considered to be a suitable hormone for treating the rhododendron anthopogonoide ' micro single-rod spherical product through comprehensive comparison.

Test example 2: effect of CCC at different concentrations on flower bud differentiation and ornamental value of red coral

The purpose of the test is as follows: on the basis of the results obtained in test example 1, test 2 was conducted to determine the optimum concentration of CCC

Test materials: 1-1 year half-life cutting seedling of red coral

The test method comprises the following steps: the test method and procedure were the same as in test example 1, except for the following steps:

selecting 250 semi-grown cutting seedlings of a rhododendron anthopogonoides variety 'red coral' with strong growth vigor and no diseases and insect pests for 1 to 1 year, dividing the cutting seedlings into five treatment groups, setting labels for marking 50 seedlings in each treatment group, simultaneously changing the cutting seedlings into flowerpots of 12 x 14cm in the middle and late ten days of 2 months, mixing peat and perlite according to the volume ratio of 3:1 to form a pot matrix, and watering thoroughly and fully illuminating one pot;

and (7) when the branches grow to about 15cm, carrying out leaf surface spraying treatment by using the same amount of clear water and CCC with the concentrations of 400PPm, 800PPm, 1200PPm and 1600PPm respectively.

And (10) observing all samples at the end of 10 months, recording related test data, and sorting the data to obtain a test result condition table shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 Effect of CCC on growth of Rhododendron dauricum' at different concentrations

Note: "Tv" indicates the extent to which the content is achieved.

The results in table 2 show that different concentrations of CCC have significant differences in plant height, flower bud differentiation and flowering number of the rhododendron anthopogonoides 'variety, wherein the 1200PPm and 1600PPm treatments all form regular and large flower balls at the top, but the 1600PPm treatment has excessive flower amount and excessively close flower arrangement, and the flower arrangement is not better than the 1200PPm treatment and is more natural from the perspective of real ornamental effect, so that the optimal hormone treatment concentration of CCC with 1200PPm for the cultivation of the miniature single-rod spherical plant of the rhododendron anthopogonoides' variety is considered.

Verification example 1: influence of CCC on growth and development of rhododendron varieties ' Red coral ', ' blue cherry ' Red moon ' and the like

The purpose is as follows: based on the results of tests 1-2, a verification example 1 was conducted to verify the selection of "red coral" as the best cultivar, mainly using 1200PPm CCC for the cultivation of miniature single-stalk spherical plants of other rhododendron varieties.

The verification method comprises the following steps: the verification method and the steps are the same as those of the experimental example 2, except that the following steps are adopted:

respectively selecting 50 semi-grown cuttage seedlings of east cuckoo varieties 'red coral', 'blue cherry' and 'red month' which are strong in growth and free of diseases and insect pests for 1-1 year, dividing the cuttage seedlings into three control groups, setting labels for marking, simultaneously potting the cuttage seedlings in the late ten days of 2 months into flowerpots of 12 x 14cm, mixing peat and perlite according to the volume ratio of 3:1 to form a potting matrix, and watering and fully illuminating each pot;

when the branches grow to about 15cm in the step (7), carrying out leaf surface spraying treatment on all sample plants by using a proper amount of CCC (common control center) of 1200 PPm;

and (10) observing all samples at the end of 10 months, recording related test data, and sorting the data to obtain a test result condition table shown in the table 3.

TABLE 3 effectiveness of CCC on micro single-stalk spherical plants of 'Red coral', 'blue cherry', 'Red moon' and other varieties

The results in Table 3 show that 1200PPm of CCC significantly promoted the plant height, the differentiation amount of the apical bud and the flowering number of three varieties of 'Hongshou' and 'Hongyue', but the flower bud differentiation of the 'blue cherry' and 'red moon' varieties is improved less than that of the 'red coral', therefore, the effectiveness and the ornamental effect of forming the flower ball for the 2 varieties of 'blue cherry' and 'red month' are not as good as 'red coral', and the upper leaves of the 'blue cherry' and the 'red month' have higher rate of teratogenicity, therefore, the CCC of 1200PPm does not have good ornamental effect on the cultivation of miniature single-rod spherical plants of all rhododendron varieties, can only play a role in improving ornamental value for 'red coral', the principle of the method is shown inversely through test results, and the principle is related to the characteristics of the red coral varieties such as strong growth, round petals, sleeves and the like.

Verification example 2 influence of the number of balanced fertilizer applications on the cultivation of miniature single-stalk spherical plants of Rhododendron anthopogonoides' species

The purpose is as follows: based on the results of test 1-test 2, test example 2 was conducted to verify the optimum number of applications of the balanced fertilizer

The verification method comprises the following steps: the test method and procedure were the same as in test example 2, except for the following steps:

selecting 250 semi-grown cutting seedlings of a rhododendron anthopogonoides variety 'red coral' with strong growth vigor and no plant diseases and insect pests, dividing the cutting seedlings into five treatment groups, wherein each group comprises 50 seedlings, setting labels for marking, dividing the cutting seedlings into a blank treatment group, a treatment group 1, a treatment group 2, a treatment group 3 and a treatment group 4, simultaneously potting the cutting seedlings into flowerpots of 12 x 14cm in the middle and last ten days of 2 months, mixing peat and perlite according to the volume ratio of 3:1 to form a pot matrix, and watering and lighting thoroughly one pot;

after 7 days in the step (2), applying a proper amount of clear water to roots of the blank treatment group, applying fertilizers with the same amount as the clear water to roots of the other treatment groups for the first time, and applying a balance fertilizer (N20 + P20+ K20) with the concentration of 0.2% in each pot by 200 ml;

after the new leaves are flattened, applying a proper amount of clear water to the roots of the blank group and the treatment group 1, applying fertilizers with the same amount as the clear water to the roots of the treatment group 2, the treatment group 3 and the treatment group 4 for the second time, and still adopting balance fertilizers (N20 + P20+ K20) with the concentration of 0.2 percent, wherein the application amount is 200ml per pot; after 20 days, a proper amount of clear water is applied to the blank group, the treatment group 1 and the treatment group 2, and a fertilizer with the same amount as the clear water is applied to the treatment group 3 and the treatment group 4 for the third time, and a balance fertilizer (N20 + P20+ K20) with the concentration of 0.2 percent is still adopted; after 50 days, appropriate amount of clear water is applied to the blank group, the treatment group 1, the treatment group 2 and the treatment group 3, the fourth time, the fertilizer with the same amount as the clear water is applied to the treatment group 4, and the balance fertilizer (N20 + P20+ K20) with the concentration of 0.2% is still adopted;

and (10) observing all samples at the end of 10 months, recording related test data, and sorting the data to obtain a test result condition table shown in table 4.

TABLE 4 influence of Balanced fertilizer application times on cultivation of miniature single-stalk spherical plants of Rhododendron anthopogonoides' Rhododendron pulchrum

The results in table 4 show that the fertilization times have significant promotion effects on the plant height, the top flower bud differentiation amount and the flowering number of the red coral, wherein the flower bud differentiation amount is 0 after the fertilization times all year round, the flower bud differentiation amount and the flowering number are significantly increased along with the increase of the fertilization times, the branch top balling effect is significant, the ornamental value is optimal, when the fertilization times are 4, the flowering number reaches more than 15, a large flower ball can be formed at the top of each branch, the flower arrangement is proper, and the ornamental effect is natural.

Verification example 3 Effect of different shade degrees on cultivation of miniature single-stalk spherical plants of east Azalea' Hongyao

The purpose is as follows: based on the results of test 1 to test 2, verification example 3 was performed to verify that the optimum light-shielding degree was 30% in test 1 to test 2.

The verification method comprises the following steps: the verification method is the same as the experimental example 2 in all steps, and only comprises the following steps:

selecting 200 semi-grown cutting seedlings of 1-1 year of east rhododendron variety 'red coral' with strong growth vigor and no plant diseases and insect pests, dividing the cutting seedlings into four treatment groups, setting labels for marking 50 seedlings in each group, simultaneously potting the cutting seedlings into 12 x 14cm flowerpots in the middle and late ten days of 2 months, mixing peat and perlite according to the volume ratio of 3:1 to form a potting matrix, and watering thoroughly and fully irradiating one pot;

step (5), the processing group 1 does not use a sunshade net, namely, the sunshade net used by the processing group 2 has the shading degree of 0 percent, the sunshade net used by the processing group 2 has the shading degree of 30 percent, the sunshade net used by the processing group 3 has the shading degree of 50 percent, and the sunshade net used by the processing group 4 has the shading degree of 70 percent;

step (6), the processing group 1 does not use a sunshade net, namely, the sunshade net used by the processing group 2 has the shading degree of 0 percent, the sunshade net used by the processing group 2 has the shading degree of 30 percent, the sunshade net used by the processing group 3 has the shading degree of 50 percent, and the sunshade net used by the processing group 4 has the shading degree of 70 percent;

step (7), the processing group 1 does not use a sunshade net, namely, the sunshade net used by the processing group 2 has the shading degree of 0 percent, the sunshade net used by the processing group 2 has the shading degree of 30 percent, the sunshade net used by the processing group 3 has the shading degree of 50 percent, and the sunshade net used by the processing group 4 has the shading degree of 70 percent;

and (10) observing all samples at the end of 10 months, recording related test data, and sorting the data to obtain a test result condition table shown in the table 5.

TABLE 5 Effect of different shade degrees on the cultivation of miniature single-stalk spherical plants of east Azalea' Hongshou

The results in table 5 show that different shades have significant influence on the flower bud flowering number, wherein the treatment flowering number of shades 0 and 30% is the highest, the top end balling effect is obvious, but the leaf in summer with 0 shade has sunburn and burning spots, while the top end flowering number of treatments 50% and 70% is obviously reduced, the effect of forming flower balls at the top of branches is poor, and the shading treatment effect of 30% is the best from the overall viewing effect.

Based on the above test examples and verification examples, the best embodiment of the present invention can be obtained:

a method for cultivating a single-rod spherical flower of rhododendron anthopogonoides includes the following steps:

(1) selecting and potting the seedlings, namely selecting 1-1 year half-life cutting seedlings of a rhododendron anthopogonoides variety 'red coral' which is strong in growth and free of diseases and insect pests, simultaneously potting the cutting seedlings into 12 x 14cm flowerpots in the middle and late ten days of 2 months, mixing peat and perlite according to the volume ratio of 3:1 to form a potting matrix, and watering and fully illuminating one pot;

(4) after the new leaves are flattened, applying fertilizer for the second root, still adopting a balance fertilizer (N20 + P20+ K20) with the concentration of 0.2 percent, applying the balance fertilizer for the third and fourth roots after 20 days and 50 days, wherein the application amount is respectively 200ml and 200 ml;

(7) spraying leaf surface with appropriate amount of CCC (chlormequat chloride) with concentration of 1200PPm when the branches grow to about 15cm, spraying for 1 time after 20 days, and shading for 30% from 10 am to 3 pm in clear weather till late 8 months;

(10) the micro single-rod spherical plant can be formed at the bottom of about 10 months and at the beginning of 11 months.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-rod spherical flower shaping cultivation method for east azalea variety 'red coral' is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) selecting and pot changing seedlings, namely selecting 1-1 year half-life cutting seedlings of east azalea variety 'red coral' which is strong in growth and free of diseases and insect pests, changing pots in the middle and last ten days of 2 months to flowerpots with proper sizes, and watering and fully illuminating one pot;

(4) after the new leaves are flattened, carrying out root application of the balance fertilizer for the second time, carrying out root application of the balance fertilizer for the third time at least 20 days later, and carrying out root application of the balance fertilizer once every 20 days later and at least once again;

(7) spraying leaf surfaces with chlormequat chloride of 400-1600 PPm when branches grow to about 15cm at the bottom of 7 months at the beginning of 6 months, spraying for 1 time after 20 days, wherein the amount is the same as that of the first time, and shading treatment with shading degree of 0-70% is carried out at 10 am and half to 3 pm in clear weather;

(10) the miniature single-rod spherical plant can be obtained at the bottom of 10 months and at the beginning of 11 months.

2. The method for cultivating the single-rod globular flower of the east azalea variety 'Hongshui' as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pot-changing substrate in step (1) is a mixture of peat and perlite in a volume ratio of 3: 1.

3. The method for shaping and cultivating the single-rod globular flower of east Azalea variety 'Hongshou' as claimed in claim 1, wherein the balanced fertilizer in steps (1) and (4) is 0.2% in concentration and is applied in an amount of about 200ml per pot.

4. The method for shaping and cultivating single-stem spherical flowers of east Azalea variety 'Hongshou' according to claim 1, wherein shading treatment with shading degree of 30% is performed in the steps (5), (6) and (7).

5. The method for cultivating the single-rod spherical flower of east azalea variety 'Hongshui' as claimed in claim 1, wherein the leaf surface spraying method in step (5) is to spray the mist until the whole leaf surface drops, preferably with the branch top as the center.

6. The method for shaping and cultivating the single-stem spherical flowers of the east Azalea variety 'Hongshou' as claimed in claim 1, wherein the leaf surface spraying treatment is carried out by using 500-1200 PPm chlormequat chloride in the step (7).

7. The method for cultivating the single-stem globular flower of east Azalea 'Hongshou' as claimed in claim 6, wherein the leaf surface spraying treatment is carried out with 800PPm chlormequat chloride in step (7).

8. The method for shaping and cultivating the single-rod spherical flower of rhododendron anthopogonoides as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-phosphorus high-potassium fertilizer in the step (8) is a high-phosphorus high-potassium fertilizer with a concentration of 0.1%.

9. The method for cultivating the single-rod globular flower of east Azalea variety 'Hongshou' according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is applied to cut flower appreciation.

10. The method for cultivating the single-rod globular flower of east Azalea variety 'Hongshou' according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is applied to potted ornamental.