CN104255242B - The selection of a kind of early blossoming coreopsis - Google Patents

The selection of a kind of early blossoming coreopsis Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104255242B
CN104255242B CN201410465828.4A CN201410465828A CN104255242B CN 104255242 B CN104255242 B CN 104255242B CN 201410465828 A CN201410465828 A CN 201410465828A CN 104255242 B CN104255242 B CN 104255242B
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coreopsis
parent
seed
pollination
plant
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CN104255242A (en
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姚悦梅
毛忠良
潘跃平
戴忠良
潘永飞
吴国平
张振超
秦文斌
王建华
肖燕
刘小风
孙春青
马志虎
孙国胜
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Wuhe Jieshuo breeding professional cooperative
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Zhenjiang Ruifan Agricultural Gardening Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the selection of a kind of early blossoming coreopsis, comprise the selection of parent's breeding material, field planting, pollination, acquisition AF 1and BF 1for hybrid seed, hybrid seed seeding and seedling raising, at AF 1and BF 1in respectively choose individual plant that pattern is bright yellow, obtain AF 2and BF 2for hybrid seed, the 3rd year spring with AF 2female parent, BF 2for paternal hybrid pollination, obtain crossbreed AF 3, AF 3seeding and seedling raising, field planting selfing obtain F 4for seed, F 4for planting seed, plant height is less than 4.5cm lower than 60cm, Hua Jing, blooms early, seed production height is breeding goal continuous selfing 3-4 generation, obtains the bright yellow coreopsis new varieties of stable early blossoming.The new varieties growth potential that the method obtains is prosperous, and fancy points is excellent, and viewing period is long, and plant type is plentiful, and seed production is higher.Select the bright yellow coreopsis of early blossoming by the method, added the variety type of coreopsis, enriched the kind of ornamental horticulture plant, improve the effect of afforesting and viewing and admiring.

Description

The selection of a kind of early blossoming coreopsis
Technical field
The present invention relates to the selection of a kind of ornamental plants, especially in order to obtain the selection of coreopsis new varieties, belonging to technical field of plant cultivation.
Background technology
Coreopsis (Cosmosbipinnatus) is composite family cosmos annual herb plant, plant height 30 ~ 120cm, and thin stem is upright, and branch is more, smooth stem or tool microtriche.Single leaf is to life, and two times pinniform is totally cleaved, and capitulum raw on elongated bennet, and top is raw or armpit is raw, Hua Jing 3 ~ 8cm.Floral disc edge ligulate flower l takes turns, and petal tip is in dentation, and 7 ~ 8 pieces, petal, have white, powder, the different pattern such as red, yellow, purple, tubular flower occupies floral disc middle body and is yellow.Achene has rafter, seed longevity 3 ~ 4 years, and thousand kernel weight is about 5-7 gram, summer at florescence, autumn.Garden-variety divides early flower pattern and late flower pattern two Iarge-scale system, also has dividing of list, polyphyll.Coreopsis strain shape is tall and big, leaf grace, and pattern enriches, and is suitable for arranging presbyopic glasses, and at edge, meadow, planting beautification and greening in flakes in around grove and roadside, quite has rustic charm.Double variety can make cut-flower material.Be applicable to making flower border background material, also can plant by hedge limit, mountain stone, escarpment, tree altar or residence.Coreopsis garden-variety type is enriched, cultivation management is simple, and gardens effect is better, and bright yellow coreopsis is in the market late flowering variety, plant is tall and big, branch is many, and flower is comparatively large, and Hua Jing is greater than 5.5cm, longer from being seeded into flowering time, and fall flowering is more late, in numerous system with sell in the process of coreopsis seed, client wishes to select the bright yellow coreopsis new varieties of the less early blossoming of flower always.Inspection information, finds that various types of coreopsises that market is sold at present are conventional variety, finds no the report of seed selection coreopsis new varieties.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is on the basis of enriching existing ornamental horticulture plant variety type, proposes the selection of the bright yellow coreopsis of a kind of early blossoming, thus seed selection fancy points is good, bright yellow coreopsis new varieties early of blooming.
The present invention is by following technical method technical solution problem, and the selection of a kind of early blossoming coreopsis, comprises
Following steps:
1, the selection of parent's breeding material: sow on June about 25 and spend bright yellow coreopsis kind evening, sows the yellowish coreopsis kind of early blossoming on July about 10.Two kinds are conventional variety, and then after fall flowering, each kind chooses 15-20 individual plant bagging selfing (individual plant chosen requires to have the obvious feature of this kind, and plant type grace is plentiful, and disease-free, seed production is higher).Mix after the seed cleaning of the coreopsis individual plant results of each kind, stay the parent material doing Second Year, obtaining respectively lately spending bright yellow coreopsis kind, is parent A; The yellowish coreopsis kind of early blossoming is parent B.
2, nursery in Second Year two coreopsis parent booths in March, evening about 5 days March spends bright yellow coreopsis seeding and seedling raising, the yellowish coreopsis seeding and seedling raising of early blossoming in about 15 days March, by the end of March bright yellow coreopsis shading treatment 10-14 days, and every day processes 9-10h.Mid-April two parents coreopsis field planting seed farm in, during field planting, the mixing that interlocks of two kinds is planted.
3, at the beginning of 5 months, two parent materials are bloomed successively, 15-20 individual plant chosen by each parent material, the paired combo of adjacent two kinds of planting obtains 15-20 to combination, two strain plant of same combination are nested together with large grenadine bag, every morning about 10, in each combination, two parent's flowers are pollinated mutually, during pollination, the tubular flower part of flower is collided gently, make the flower tubular flower part of each pollination significantly can see pollen, mutual pollination terminates rear bagging mark and lists, mid-afternoon repeats the pollination of above step, again repeat (the selection of first time pollination parent flower: maternal flower is newly opened the same day of pollinating in the next morning 10 and at 3 in afternoon, male parent is the flower of blooming second day, two parents are reciprocal cross when pollinating, Parent each other).In each combination, the flower of parent is pollinated as stated above, on May about 20 terminated pollination, after pollination terminates, the flower that the upper continuation of two parents is newly opened is pinched every 2-3 days, ensure the solid quality of pollination flower, the seed of the pollination result that late June gathers on parental plant respectively in time obtains AF respectively 1and BF 1for hybrid seed.
4, then at the beginning of 7 months respectively by AF 1and BF 1hybrid seed seeding and seedling raising, that sows also has parent material A and B simultaneously, respectively more than field planting 4 kinds of coreopsis materials at the beginning of 8 months, and at the beginning of by the end of August to 9 month, parent material B is bloomed, and parent material A is bloomed by the end of September.Mid or late September AF 1and BF 1plant also start to bloom successively, at AF 1and BF 1in respectively choose the individual plant 15-20 strain that pattern is bright yellow, the standard chosen is: the plant that relatively early blossoming footpath is relatively little that blooms of comparing with parent A.
5, respectively with AF 1and BF 1in the individual plant chosen for maternal, dip with the pollen after the mixing of parent material A and B with hairbrush, spread upon maternal flower tubular flower part uniformly, hybridize, it is the same that pollination time and the same step 3 of number of times are mentioned, and terminates pollination mid-October, the flower that the upper continuation of two parents is newly opened is pinched every 2-3 days, ensure the solid quality of pollination flower, 30-35 days seeds of gathering after pollination, obtain AF 2and BF 2for hybrid seed.
6, AF at the beginning of the 3rd year 3 months spring 2and BF 2seeding and seedling raising in booth respectively, parent A also sows simultaneously, and late March is shading treatment 3 coreopsis materials simultaneously, and shading treatment 10 days, every day processes 9-10h, field planting mid-April, and at the beginning of 5 months, 3 materials are bloomed, successively at AF 2and BF 2in respectively choose the individual plant 15-20 strain that pattern is bright yellow, the standard chosen is: the plant that relatively early blossoming footpath is relatively little that blooms of comparing with parent A.With AF 2in the individual plant chosen for maternal, with BF 2in the individual plant chosen be male parent, carry out hybridization pollination, Pollination Modes is the same, after pollination terminates, pinches the flower that the upper continuation of two parents is newly opened, ensures the solid quality of pollination flower, gather in the crops the seed on female parent by the end of June, obtain crossbreed AF every 2-3 days 3.
7, then at the beginning of 7 months, by AF 3seeding and seedling raising, field planting at the beginning of 8 months, the bright yellow individual plant bagging selfing of blooming choose September 10 in seed farm before, and then according to plant height lower than 60cm and plant type grace is plentiful, disease-free, individual plant is bloomed several more, and flower diameter is less than 4.5cm, seed production is higher is breeding goal, retains 15-20 individual plants.Gather in time after seed maturity.Obtain F 4for seed.
8, F at the beginning of the 4th year 3 months 4after planting seed, with the bright Huang of pattern, Hua Jing is less than 4.5cm, plant height is lower than 60cm and plant type grace is plentiful, disease-free, and individual plant is bloomed several more, sow the florescence spring early than May 5, the Summer-sowing florescence, seed production is higher was breeding goal continuous selfing 3-4 generation early than September 10, obtained the bright yellow coreopsis new varieties of stable early blossoming.
The new varieties growth potential that the method obtains is prosperous, and fancy points is excellent, and viewing period is long, and plant type is plentiful, and seed production is higher.Select the bright yellow coreopsis of early blossoming by the method, added the variety type of coreopsis, enriched the kind of ornamental horticulture plant, improve the effect of afforesting and viewing and admiring.The method booth in spring seeding and seedling raising, and shading treatment parent material, make its Blooming, add the quantity of blooming of late colored parent, can be that parent's florescence is consistent, improve pollination quality and quantity, ensure that biannual breeding, add numerous algebraically processed, effectively reduce the cultivation time of new varieties.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Parent material: in flower coreopsis in evening (490Q-36Q), pattern is bright Huang, Hua Jing 5.5-6.0cm;
Parent material: early blossoming coreopsis (603-MH4), pattern is yellowish, Hua Jing 4.0-4.5cm
The specifically breeding according to the following steps of the Breeding Process of the present embodiment.
1, the selection of parent's breeding material: on June 25th, 2006, evening was spent bright yellow coreopsis kind in sowing, the yellowish coreopsis kind of sowing early blossoming on July 10.Two kinds are conventional variety, and then after fall flowering, each kind chooses 15-20 individual plant bagging selfing (individual plant chosen requires to have the obvious feature of this kind, and plant type grace is plentiful, and disease-free, seed production is higher).Mix after the seed cleaning of the coreopsis individual plant results of each kind, stay the parent material doing Second Year, obtaining respectively lately spending bright yellow coreopsis kind, is parent A; The yellowish coreopsis kind of early blossoming is parent B.
2, nursery in two coreopsis parent booths March in 2007, March 5 parent A (evening spends bright yellow coreopsis) seeding and seedling raising, March 15 parent B (the yellowish coreopsis of early blossoming) seeding and seedling raising, March 25 bright yellow coreopsis shading treatment 12 days, every day processes 9-10h.April 16 two parents coreopsis field planting seed farm in, during field planting, the mixing that interlocks of two kinds is planted.
3, started two parent materials May 5 to bloom successively, 15-20 individual plant chosen by each parent material, the paired combo of adjacent two kinds of planting obtains 15-20 to combination, two strain plant of same combination are nested together with large grenadine bag, every morning about 10, in each combination, two parent's flowers are pollinated mutually, during pollination, the tubular flower part of flower is collided gently, make the flower tubular flower part of each pollination significantly can see pollen, mutual pollination terminates rear bagging mark and lists, mid-afternoon repeats the pollination of above step, again repeat (the selection of first time pollination parent flower: maternal flower is newly opened the same day of pollinating in the next morning 10 and at 3 in afternoon, male parent is the flower of blooming second day, two parents are reciprocal cross when pollinating, Parent each other).In each combination, the flower of parent is pollinated as stated above, and end of day pollination in May 20, after pollination terminates, the flower that the upper continuation of two parents is newly opened is pinched every 2-3 days, ensure the solid quality of pollination flower, seed of gathering in time for 30-35 days after pollination, obtains AF respectively 1and BF 1for hybrid seed.
4, then July 5 respectively by AF 1and BF 1hybrid seed seeding and seedling raising, that sows also has parent material A and B simultaneously, and more than difference field planting on August 54 kinds of coreopsis materials, August 30, parent material B was bloomed, and September 28, parent material A was bloomed.September 18 AF 1and BF 1plant also start to bloom successively, at AF 1and BF 1in respectively choose the individual plant 15-20 strain that pattern is bright yellow, the standard chosen is: the plant that relatively early blossoming footpath is relatively little that blooms of comparing with parent A.
5, started respectively with AF September 30 1and BF 1in the individual plant chosen for maternal, dip with the pollen after the mixing of parent material A and B with hairbrush, spread upon maternal flower tubular flower part uniformly, hybridize, it is the same that pollination time and the same step 3 of number of times are mentioned, and on October about 10 terminated pollination, the flower that the upper continuation of two parents is newly opened is pinched every 2-3 days, ensure the solid quality of pollination flower, 30-35 days seeds of gathering after pollination, obtain AF 2and BF 2for hybrid seed.
6, on March 5th, 2008 AF 2and BF 2seeding and seedling raising in booth respectively, parent A also sows simultaneously, and March 25 is shading treatment 3 coreopsis materials simultaneously, and shading treatment 10 days, every day processes 9-10h, field planting on April 15, and at the beginning of 5 months, 3 materials are bloomed, successively at AF 2and BF 2in respectively choose the individual plant 15-20 strain that pattern is bright yellow, the standard chosen is: the plant that relatively early blossoming footpath is relatively little that blooms of comparing with parent A.With AF 2in the individual plant chosen for maternal, with BF 2in the individual plant chosen be male parent, carry out hybridization pollination, Pollination Modes is the same, pinches the flower that the upper continuation of two parents is newly opened, ensure the solid quality of pollination flower every 2-3 days, gather in the crops the seed on female parent by the end of June, obtain crossbreed AF 3.
7, then at the beginning of 7 months, by AF 3seeding and seedling raising, field planting at the beginning of 8 months, the bright yellow individual plant bagging selfing of blooming choose September 10 in seed farm before, and then according to plant height lower than 60cm and plant type grace is plentiful, disease-free, individual plant is bloomed several more, and flower diameter is less than 4.5cm, seed production is higher is breeding goal, retains 15-20 individual plants.Gather in time after seed maturity.Obtain F 4for seed.
8, F at the beginning of 2009 3 months 4for seeding and seedling raising in seed booth, field planting at the beginning of 4 months, bloom successively at the beginning of 5 months, with the bright Huang of pattern, Hua Jing is less than 4.5cm, plant height is lower than 60cm and plant type grace is plentiful, disease-free, individual plant is bloomed several more, and seed production is higher, bloomed for breeding goal selects individual plant before May 5, the F obtained after individual plant selfing 5seed, then F at the beginning of 7 months 5sowing, same by above-mentioned standard seed selection individual plant selfing, and the individual plant of seed selection requires to bloom before September 10, and the selfing of target individual plant bagging, gathers after seed maturity in time.Obtain F 6for seed.In continuous selfing 2-3 generation more as stated above, the bright yellow coreopsis new product of stable early blossoming can be obtained.
9, the bright yellow coreopsis new varieties of early blossoming and parent's fancy points relatively in table 1.
On average to bloom number: refer to that plant average effective is bloomed number, on average to bloom number from the individual plant before first flower to October 20, the kernel maturing of later blossoming and bearing fruit is bad, affects seed output and quality.
Table 1

Claims (5)

1. a selection for early blossoming coreopsis, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of parent's breeding material: June 25, evening was spent bright yellow coreopsis kind in sowing, the yellowish coreopsis kind of sowing early blossoming on July 10, mix after the seed cleaning of the coreopsis individual plant results of each kind, stay the parent material doing Second Year, obtaining respectively lately spending bright yellow coreopsis kind, is parent A; The yellowish coreopsis kind of early blossoming is parent B;
(2) nursery in Second Year two coreopsis parent booths in March, evening March 5 spends bright yellow coreopsis seeding and seedling raising, the yellowish coreopsis seeding and seedling raising of early blossoming on March 15, bright yellow coreopsis shading treatment 10-14 days by the end of March, every day processes 9-10h, mid-April two parents coreopsis field planting seed farm in, during field planting, the mixing that interlocks of two kinds is planted;
At the beginning of (3) 5 months, two parent materials are bloomed successively, 15-20 individual plant chosen by each parent material, the paired combo of adjacent two kinds of planting obtains 15-20 to combination, two strain plant of same combination are nested together with large grenadine bag, every morning 10 point, in each combination, two parent's flowers are pollinated mutually, during pollination, the tubular flower part of flower is collided gently, make the flower tubular flower part of each pollination significantly can see pollen, mutual pollination terminates rear bagging mark and lists, repeat the pollination of above step at 3 in afternoon, the next morning 10 and at 3 in afternoon repeat pollination again, end of day pollination in May 20, the seed of the pollination result that late June gathers on parental plant respectively in time obtains AF respectively 1and BF 1for hybrid seed,
(4) then at the beginning of 7 months respectively by AF 1and BF 1hybrid seed seeding and seedling raising, that sows also has parent material A and B simultaneously, respectively more than field planting 4 kinds of coreopsis materials at the beginning of 8 months, and at the beginning of by the end of August to 9 month, parent material B is bloomed, and parent material A is bloomed by the end of September, mid or late September AF 1and BF 1plant also start to bloom successively, at AF 1and BF 1in respectively choose the individual plant 15-20 strain that pattern is bright yellow;
(5) respectively with AF 1and BF 1in the individual plant chosen for maternal, dip the pollen after mixing with parent material A and B with hairbrush, spread upon maternal flower tubular flower part uniformly, hybridize, pollination time and the same step of number of times (3), terminate pollination mid-October, 30-35 days seeds of gathering after pollination, obtain AF 2and BF 2for hybrid seed;
AF at the beginning of (6) the 3rd year 3 months spring 2and BF 2seeding and seedling raising in booth respectively, parent A also sows simultaneously, and late March is shading treatment 3 coreopsis materials simultaneously, and shading treatment 10 days, every day processes 9-10h, field planting mid-April, and at the beginning of 5 months, 3 materials are bloomed, successively at AF 2and BF 2in respectively choose the individual plant 15-20 strain that pattern is bright yellow; With AF 2in the individual plant chosen for maternal, with BF 2in the individual plant chosen be male parent, carry out hybridization pollination, Pollination Modes is the same, gathers in the crops the seed on female parent by the end of June, obtains crossbreed AF 3;
(7) then at the beginning of 7 months, by AF 3seeding and seedling raising, field planting at the beginning of 8 months, the bright yellow individual plant bagging selfing of blooming choose September 10 in seed farm before, and then according to plant height lower than 60cm and plant type grace is plentiful, disease-free, individual plant is bloomed several more, flower diameter is less than 4.5cm, and seed production is higher is breeding goal, retains 15-20 individual plants, gather in time after seed maturity, obtain F 4for seed;
(8) the 4th years F at the beginning of 3 months 4after planting seed, with the bright Huang of pattern, Hua Jing is less than 4.5cm, plant height is lower than 60cm and plant type grace is plentiful, disease-free, and individual plant is bloomed several more, sow the florescence spring early than May 5, the Summer-sowing florescence, seed production height was breeding goal continuous selfing 3-4 generation early than September 10, obtained the bright yellow coreopsis new varieties of stable early blossoming.
2. the selection of early blossoming coreopsis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described parent two kinds are conventional variety, then after fall flowering, each kind chooses the selfing of 15-20 individual plant bagging, and the individual plant chosen requires to have the obvious feature of this kind, and plant type grace is plentiful, disease-free, seed production is high.
3. the selection of early blossoming coreopsis according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, during pollination, the selection of first time pollination parent flower is maternal flower is newly opened the same day, male parent is the flower of blooming second day, two parents are reciprocal cross, each other Parent when pollinating, and in each combination, the flower of parent is according to said method pollinated.
4. the selection of early blossoming coreopsis according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, after hybridization pollination terminates, pinches the flower that the upper continuation of two parents is newly opened every 2-3 days, the solid quality of the flower that ensures to have pollinated.
5. the selection of early blossoming coreopsis according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the selection standard of the individual plant of the bright yellow described in step (4) is: compare with parent A bloom comparatively early, plant that Hua Jing is less.
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CN105027879A (en) * 2015-06-23 2015-11-11 柳州市天姿园艺有限公司 Coreopsis planting method
CN105165358B (en) * 2015-09-29 2017-08-01 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 A kind of Shasta daisy is downgraded and extends the cultural method of viewing period
CN114667925A (en) * 2022-04-15 2022-06-28 甘肃省农业工程技术研究院 Northern area stevia rebaudiana hybrid combination matching and hybrid seed production method

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USPP20609P2 (en) * 2008-09-25 2009-12-22 Itsaul Plants, LLC. Coreopsis plant named ‘Route 66’
USPP21931P2 (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-05-24 Walters Gardens Inc. Coreopsis plant named ‘Moonray’
CN103181293A (en) * 2013-04-07 2013-07-03 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 Seed collecting and cultivating method for interplanting radix tetrastigme with coreopsis
CN103238443B (en) * 2013-05-17 2015-04-15 句容市白兔镇妙干蔬菜种子专业合作社 Seed reproduction method for over-wintering-spring cabbage, summer fresh-eating sweet corn and autumn coreopsis

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