CN104823834B - Utilize epigenetics principle and the method for distant hybridization seed selection cockscomb new varieties - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes a kind of using epigenetics principle and the method for distant hybridization seed selection cockscomb new varieties, and its step is that the coronal cultigens of a. obtain filial generation F with feather cockscomb distant hybridization and HORMONE TREATMENT_1‑1；B. coronal cultigen hybridizes to obtain filial generation F with Vietnam Red_1‑2；C. F is taken_1‑1And F_1‑2Carry out compound friendship and obtain filial generation CCF₁；D. by CCF₁It is returned with coronal cultigen cockscomb；E. using temperature and the different manual control spikes of illumination, coronal, three kinds of inflorescence types of phoenix tail shape different growths, hybrid generation is selected to be oriented cultivation；F. Longitude 5 is commissioned to train to educate and stablizes into while have spike, coronal, three kinds of inflorescence types cockscomb new varieties of phoenix tail shape.The ornamental type cockscomb new varieties with multiple inflorescence can be cultivated using the present invention.

Description

Utilize epigenetics principle and the method for distant hybridization seed selection cockscomb new varieties

Technical field

The present invention relates to Biotechnology in Genetic Breeding, particularly one kind to utilize epigenetics principle and distant hybridization technology seed selection The method of cockscomb new varieties, belong to the technical field of flower breeding of modern agriculture.

Background technology

In the Breeding Process of improved seeds, intraspecific hybridization compatibility is high, in the absence of reproduction isolation phenomenon, so breeding is special Family always mainly utilizes genetic resources in cultigen.But with the increase of intraspecific hybridization algebraically, the dilution of one side excellent genes；Separately One side inter-species gene is relatively limited, and genetic resources is more and more deficienter in intraspecific hybridization cultigen, it is difficult to select breakthrough new Kind, and wild species preserve and have accumulated abundant genetic resources and excellent spy under the struggle for existence of cruelty and natural conditions Property.

Distant hybridization material hereditary basis is enriched, and the potentiality of creation plant new type are big, to expanding and enriching germ plasm resource Storehouse is significant, and [present Research and Analysis on Prospect .2006 northwests agriculture and forestry science and technology of the refined Reproduction of Interspecific Hybrid Cotton breedings of Rao Hui are big Learn], the beneficial traits of heterologous plant can be introduced, create plant new type.

Cockscomb and feather cockscomb belong to feather cockscomb category.By long-term artificial cultivation and selection, it is bright that cockscomb forms stem It is aobvious, branch is few, blade is long and wide and the ornamental feature such as coronal inflorescence, but its resistance and disease resistance have been decreased obviously, simultaneously Inflorescence types is single, limits the exploitation of ornamental value.In order to improve the sight and disease resistance of cultivation cockscomb, present invention profit With epigenetics principle and distant hybridization technology seed selection cockscomb new varieties (being).

The content of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is the distant hybridization by cultivating cockscomb and feather cockscomb, is spent using special inflorescence types cockscomb The epigenetics principle of sequence development selects the cockscomb new varieties with new inflorescence types.

The technical scheme is that：A. coronal cultigen and feather cockscomb distant hybridization and HORMONE TREATMENT；B. coronal cultigen Hybridize with Vietnam Red；C. above-mentioned F is taken_1-1And F_1-2Cockscomb carries out compound friendship；D. CCF is selected₁Coronal cultigen cockscomb backcrossing； E. hybrid generation is selected；F. kind is stablized into

The present invention detailed process be：

A. coronal cultigen and feather cockscomb distant hybridization and HORMONE TREATMENT

Choose coronal cultivation cockscomb and make female parent, feather cockscomb makees male parent.Hybridized in their season of flowers July~September. Hybridization step is：In the morning 6:00~9:00, the excessively tender little Hua in the coronal cultigen top bloomed 2~3 days is removed with tweezers The little Hua opened with base portion, chooses the flower pesticide for the little Hua that will be bloomed except the same day, bagging after continuous 20~30 little Hua of emasculation； The morning 10:30~12:00, take out uncracked flower pesticide in the feather cockscomb just bloomed with tweezers and in small culture dish, take 30~40 After piece spending, the ratio of 4~5 feather cockscomb flower pollen amounts of painting is averagely needed according to 1 cockscomb flower, with clean writing brush it is viscous take it is appropriate Feather cockscomb pollen, it is evenly coated on the cockscomb chapiter of emasculation, bagging, marks hybrid strain and date；In the afternoon 2:00~4: 00, by laryngeal spray against spraying 3~5 times 50mg/L gibberellin (GA3)+5mg/L~10mg/L2,4- dichloros in hybridization bag Phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) hormone mixed liquor, to drench column cap as standard；Continuous spray 5 days.Obtained filial generation F_1-1Phenotype is spike Inflorescence.

B. coronal cultigen hybridizes with Vietnam Red

Choose the Vietnam Red cockscomb that coronal cultivation cockscomb makees maternal, to be introduced from Vietnam coronary band branchlet and make father This.Hybridized by step in " a ", but do not have to HORMONE TREATMENT.Obtained filial generation phenotype F_1-21 is spent to be coronal.

C. above-mentioned F is taken_1-1And F_1-2Cockscomb carries out compound friendship

The hybrid generation F obtained after a that learns from else's experience processing_1-1As female parent, the hybrid generation F obtained after b is handled_1-2It is father This, carries out compound friendship, but do not spray hormone by step in " a ".Obtain filial generation CCF₁, it shows as a variety of inflorescence types.

D. CCF is selected₁It is returned with coronal cultigen cockscomb

Select CCF₁Middle morphology upper end is coronal inflorescence, and lower end is that paniculate inflorescence types cockscomb makees female parent, hat Shape cultigen cockscomb makees male parent, is returned by step in " a ", but without HORMONE TREATMENT.

E. hybrid generation is selected

Grown using temperature and the different manual control spikes of illumination, coronal, three kinds of inflorescence types of phoenix tail shape difference, so Selection hybrid generation is oriented cultivation afterwards；

F. kind is stablized into

After 5 generations selected and remain plantation, new character all tends to stable, according to breeding objective, new varieties of the seed selection into stabilization.

The cockscomb new varieties (being) of institute's seed selection of the present invention have following several effects：

1st, the merit hybridization of wild species feather cockscomb is attached in new varieties, forms the new varieties of more inflorescence types, Such as transformer.

2nd, new varieties (being) not only view and admire feature with new, and have stronger disease resistance.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the photo for the transformer cockscomb new varieties cultivated with the present invention,

Embodiment

With embodiment, the present invention is further described below

Embodiment：Seed selection that is a kind of while showing spike, coronal and three kinds of inflorescence types of phoenix tail shape cockscomb

A. remote edge parent and hybridization and HORMONE TREATMENT are selected

Using coronal cultigen cockscomb as female parent, with Hubei Province feather cockscomb 1 for male parent.Coronal cockscomb plant height 60cm~75cm, it is single The individual coronal inflorescence of red, red blade, pale red stalk；No. 1 plant height 138cm~170cm of Hubei Province feather cockscomb, multi-branched, panicled spike, flower Sequence tip is lilac red, leaf green, stalk green.

In the morning 6 of late July to the mid-September in Wuhan:00~9:00, to coronal cultigen cockscomb carry out flower thinning and Emasculation is handled, and covers paper bag；10:30~12:00 takes the flower pesticide of feather cockscomb 1 to be glued in small culture dish with clean writing brush with tweezers Pollen is coated on the column cap of cultigen cockscomb emasculation, the every cockscomb pollen amount of the feather cockscomb 1 of 4~5, Ran Houtao Bag.That afternoon 4:30~6:30 are equipped with 50mg/l GA with laryngeal spray sprinkling₃+ 5mg/l~10mg/l 2,4-D's swashs It is advisable under plain liquid 3 with drenching column cap, continuous processing 5 days.

B. coronal cultigen hybridizes with Vietnam Red

Choose the Vietnam Red cockscomb that coronal cultivation cockscomb makees maternal, to be introduced from Vietnam coronary band branchlet and make father This.Hybridized by step in " a ", but do not have to HORMONE TREATMENT.Obtained filial generation phenotype F_1-2For coronal inflorescence.

C. above-mentioned F is taken_1-1And F_1-2Cockscomb carries out compound friendship

The hybrid generation F obtained after a that learns from else's experience processing_1-1As female parent, the hybrid generation F obtained after b is handled_1-2It is father This, carries out compound friendship, but do not spray hormone by step in " a ".Obtain filial generation CCF₁, it shows as a variety of inflorescence types.

D. CCF is selected₁It is returned with coronal cultigen cockscomb

Select CCF₁Middle morphology upper end is coronal inflorescence, and lower end is that paniculate inflorescence types cockscomb makees female parent, hat Shape cultigen cockscomb makees male parent, is returned by step in " a ", but without HORMONE TREATMENT.

E. hybrid generation is selected

Occur the cockscomb of the morphological features such as different inflorescence types and branch in hybrid generation after d is handled, according to Recorded according to epigenetics principle and Field observation, there are spike, coronal, three kinds of inflorescences of phoenix tail shape simultaneously on the same plant of picking The cockscomb of type collects seed.Seed plantation emergence normal growth, to when just blooming, it is 30 ± 2 DEG C, light to set environment temperature It is 11h/d according to the time, cultivates 30~50d, until when most of this batch of plant shows spike, temperature is lowered to 25 ± 2 DEG C, light application time is adjusted to 10.5h/d, cultivates 30~40d, until spike apex development turns into coronal inflorescence, makes two kinds Inflorescence types is stabilized on same plant, is further continued for lower temperature regulating to 18 ± 2 DEG C, light application time 9h/d, and cultivation 30~ 40d, coronal inflorescence apex development turn into phoenix tail locusta.Finally occur occurring spike, coronal and phoenix tail shape three on same plant The cockscomb of kind inflorescence types, selects and remain offspring and is oriented cultivation.To prevent insect pollination, often to be put for the inflorescence for selecting and remain kind Big hybridization bag.

F. kind (being) is stablized into

After continuous 5 generation self cross and selection, new character all tends to stable, according to breeding objective, seed selection into stable new varieties, Choose one plant and be presented with spike, coronal and phoenix tail locusta cockscomb simultaneously from bottom to top, plant height 75cm~110cm it Between, there is reddish yellow stalk, green drapes over one's shoulders needle-like blade, cockscomb new lines (kind) stable molding of the short bar of few branch, is named as " transformer " (accompanying drawing 1).

Claims (1)

1. a kind of utilize epigenetics principle and the method for distant hybridization seed selection cockscomb new varieties, it is characterised in that step For：

A. coronal cultigen and feather cockscomb distant hybridization and HORMONE TREATMENT

Choose coronal cultivation cockscomb and make maternal, feather cockscomb makees male parent, is hybridized in their season of flowers July~September, obtained Filial generation F_1-1Phenotype is spike；50mg/L gibberellin (GA3)+5mg/L~10mg/L2,4- Dichlorophenoxies are sprayed during hybridization Acetic acid (2,4-D) hormone mixed liquor；

B. coronal cultigen hybridizes with Vietnam Red

Choose the Vietnam Red cockscomb that coronal cultivation cockscomb makees maternal, to be introduced from Vietnam coronary band branchlet and make male parent progress Hybridization, without HORMONE TREATMENT, obtained filial generation F_1-2Phenotype is coronal inflorescence；

C. above-mentioned F is taken_1-1And F_1-2Cockscomb carries out compound friendship

The hybrid generation F obtained after a step process of learning from else's experience_1-1As female parent, the hybrid generation F obtained after b step is handled_1-2Do Male parent, compound friendship is carried out, but do not spray hormone, obtain filial generation CCF₁, it shows as a variety of inflorescence types；

D. CCF is selected₁It is returned with coronal cultigen cockscomb

Select CCF₁Middle morphology upper end is coronal inflorescence, and lower end is that paniculate inflorescence types cockscomb makees female parent, coronal cultivation Kind cockscomb makees male parent, is returned, but without HORMONE TREATMENT；

E. grown using temperature and the difference of illumination, manual control spike, coronal, three kinds of inflorescence types of phoenix tail shape difference, so Selection hybrid generation is oriented cultivation afterwards；

Occurs the cockscomb of different inflorescence types and the morphological feature of branch in hybrid generation after d is handled, according to apparent Genetics principle, simultaneously there is spike, coronal, three kinds of inflorescence types of phoenix tail shape cockscomb to collect kind on the same plant of picking Son；Seed plantation emergence normal growth, to just blooming, it is 30 ± 2 DEG C, light application time 11h/d to adjust temperature in duration of flowering, 30~50d is cultivated, until when most of this batch of plant shows spike, temperature is lowered to 25 ± 2 DEG C, light application time is adjusted Whole is 10.5h/d, cultivates 30~40d, until spike apex development turns into coronal inflorescence, makes two kinds of inflorescence types same It is stabilized on plant, is further continued for lower temperature regulating to 18 ± 2 DEG C, light application time 9h/d, cultivates 30~40d, coronal inflorescence top End buds into phoenix tail locusta, finally occurs spike, coronal and three kinds of inflorescence types of phoenix tail shape cockscomb on same plant Flower；Cultivation is oriented, to prevent insect loose powder, often to put big hybridization bag for the inflorescence for selecting and remain kind；

F. kind is stablized into

After 5 generations selected and remain plantation, new character all tends to stable, according to breeding objective, new varieties of the seed selection into stabilization.