CN107494256B - ' cultivation of strong wing ' begonia and cultural method - Google Patents

' cultivation of strong wing ' begonia and cultural method Download PDF

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CN107494256B
CN107494256B CN201710883630.1A CN201710883630A CN107494256B CN 107494256 B CN107494256 B CN 107494256B CN 201710883630 A CN201710883630 A CN 201710883630A CN 107494256 B CN107494256 B CN 107494256B
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begonia
plant
cultivation
blade
wing
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CN107494256A (en
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李景秀
李爱荣
管开云
崔卫华
隋晓琳
薛瑞娟
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Kunming Institute of Botany of CAS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers

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Abstract

' strong wing ' begonia (Begonia ' Jianchi ') is using B hemsleyana J. (B.hemsleyana) as female parent, and begonia longialata (B.longialata) carries out artificial pollination hybridization as male parent, from the F obtained1It is cultivated for selection in group.Its specificity is that petiole breen, aubergine striped are unobvious.Fruit tool does not wait 3 wings, and tapel is deep pink.There is the double drastic crack of blade palmate simultaneously, acrospire has silvery white spot, female tapel 5, Hua great, the stronger merit of the adaptability such as mildew-resistance.Its specificity and merit are kept using vegetative propagations such as blade cuttages.With humus soil: perlite: the fibers such as sphagna: PK fertilizer=40: 3: 3: 0.5 cooperation nutrient matrix cultivation, 20 DEG C of average room temperature, air humidity 50%, illumination 15000-20000Lx cultivation condition under robust growth.Florescence suitably increases skew ray photograph, and increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer improves plant lodging tolerance, more, the large flower and brilliant color of number of blooming.

Description

' cultivation of strong wing ' begonia and cultural method
Technical field:
The invention belongs to field of biotechnology, and in particular to a kind of breeding method of Begonia new variety of plant, and New varieties ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') obtained is cultivated using this method；It is ' strong to be related to the begonia new varieties simultaneously Wing ' cultural method.
Background technique:
The Begonia plant whole world (Begonia L.) blazons subtropical and tropical zones, temperate zone there are about more than 1600 It is distributed.China is one of Begonia floristics NATURAL DISTRIBUTION country more abundant, the type 224 known and delivered Kind, wherein 197 kinds are the distinctive topological classes of China, account for about the 87.9% of distribution in China type.Yunnan is located in the southwest of China Border area, floristics is extremely abundant, and Begonia plant is especially prominent, it is known that and 110 kinds of the type delivered, account for about Chinese natural The 49.1% of topological classes, wherein 74 kinds are the distinctive topological classes in Yunnan.
Begonia plant flower is gorgeous, it is leaf it is multifarious, almost contain all leaf, leaf mottlings of plant kingdom It is rich and varied, color is magnificent, have very high ornamental value, be a kind of superfine draft ornamental flower.As indoor sight Leaf plant, Begonia plant potted flower have gained great popularity in recent years, and evaluate it is higher and higher, Japan by it is famous for ' potted flower it King '.Either botanical garden, park, public lawn or private savings flower garden, as long as have ready conditions build greenhouse as long as have Begonia plant Collection and exhibition, only originally have the labeled plants park of 22 begonias that can attend the show day.Practitioner, fan are with Japan Begonia association be center heroes assemble, numerous and confused breeding, with watch blade based on about 2224 product of the B.rex series of products whole world Kind, wherein kind 198 be bred as in Japan, 315 kind of introducing and planting.
Many countries take much count of always the research to Begonia plant, the autumn of Glasgow, United Kingdom botanical garden introducing and planting Malus spectabilis platymiscium is up to more than 500 kinds, the also more wild species of Collection and conservation such as Holland, the U.S., Japan and Australia.Hybridizing In terms of breeding, from 1857 Bolivia begonia (B.boliviensis) be found since, foreign scholar as center, 7 wild species such as pyriform begonia (B.pearcei) using original South America Andes carry out complicated crossbreeding Research, cultivates numerous colourful world's famous flowers between about 150 years --- Begonia tuberhybrida series of products.Currently, with ornamental Begonia tuberhybrida, Impatiens Hybriden and coltsfoot begonia series of products based on flower and the B.rex series of products based on ornamental blade It Deng the fashionable whole world, is recorded according to the improved variety of Japanese begonia association distribution in 2001, the whole world has been cultivated so far more than 15000 A begonia garden-variety, many kinds have been commercialized production, and obtain very high economic benefit.
It is the form and speckle of blade, colorful in the novel species that the ground such as Yunnan, Guangxi, the Guizhou in China are delivered in recent years Unique type is much, and morphotype that is unknown and surmounting the imagination is it is possible to occurring or delivering, to see leaf begonia The cultivation of new varieties adds endless glamour and expectation.The Begonia plant breeding in China starts to walk relatively late, Chinese section The also once introducing and planting begonia of early 1970s where institute Kunming plant research, but the quantity collected and saved is seldom. Until begonia seminar is set up in Kunming at beginning of the nineties botanical garden, extensive introducing and planting Begonia plant is undertaken and complete At applied basic research project 12 relevant to begonia, preferable achievement is achieved, is completed cultivation greenhouse at present about 1600m2, more than introducing and planting 400 (or kind), cultivation more than 12000 basin of scale.
At the same time, the Begonia new variety of plant expanded based on sexual hybridization from 1996 is cultivated, with nature The first stage improved variety that variation selection and sexual hybridization combined, laid particular emphasis on sight leaf was planted in 2001 by Yunnan Province's gardening The registration of object new varieties, second stage sexual hybridization improved variety is in 2003 by registration, and the phase III is to see leaf, see Hua Xiangjie In 2005 by identification registration, fourth stage is combined the fragrant flower kind of conjunction with fancy points such as leaf mottling color, bristles New varieties registered in authorization in 2011.
So far in registered 27 improved variety for possessing independent intellectual property right, ' plant bird ' begonia (B. ' Plant Bird '), ' in big ' begonia (B. ' Zhongda ') and ' great Bai ' begonia (B. ' Dabai ') in technology transfer in 2003 give cloud The green the earth biotech inc Nan Sheng, more than 20 kinds such as ' white clouds show ' begonia (B. ' Baiyunxiu ') are successively thrown Enter Beijing garden Sheng Fang flower and plant base, Zhejiang Jiaxing Ling Xiu gardening Co., Ltd carries out exemplary cultivation production.No matter south is northern, Inland is coastal, still needs suitably to reinforce cultivar under Protected Cultivation to resistance such as temperature and humidity, illumination and pest and disease damages Breeding, enhance the adaptability of improved variety, widen application range, suitably mitigate or reduce cultivation production facility equipment throwing Enter.The germplasm innovation of new varieties, which needs to combine cultivation practices and promotes and applies demand, integrates Breed dirction, in the form of blade, spot The ornamental values such as line color are seen Ye Guanhua and are combined, and winter-spring season is bloomed, and focus on slightly lower temperature and humidity, the slightly cultivation adaptability of intense light irradiation, And the resistivity breeding of powdery mildew, from sexual hybridization F1And F2For breeding goal new varieties in group.Currently, in begonia The existing breeding methods of platymiscium and technical field, without the identical sexual hybridization combination of the present invention and its rearing new variety and cultivation The report of technical method.
Summary of the invention:
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide with B hemsleyana J. (B.hemsleyana Hook.) as maternal, begonia longialata (B.longialata Guan et Tian) as male parent into Row artificial pollination hybridization, from the F obtained1New varieties ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') is cultivated for selection in group Cultivation and cultural method.Improved variety specificity is that petiole breen, aubergine striped are unobvious.Fruit tool does not wait 3 wings, flower It is deep pink (RED PURPLE N66B) by piece.There is the double drastic crack of blade palmate simultaneously, acrospire has silvery white spot, female Tapel 5, Hua great, the not stronger merit of the cultivation adaptabilities such as easy infection powdery mildew.' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') vegetative propagations such as proposed adoption blade cuttage keep its specificity and merit.With humus soil: perlite: water The fibers such as tongue fur: the cooperation nutrient matrix cultivation of fertilizer=40: 3: 3: 0.5 PK, in average room temperature 20 DEG C of (- 2-34 DEG C), average airs Relative humidity 50% (4-74%), intensity of illumination 15000-20000Lx cultivation condition under robust growth.The plant blossom phase is appropriate Increase skew ray to shine, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer improves the lodging tolerance of plant, and plant blossom number is more, Hua great, bright in luster.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The breeding method of ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi '): Selecting Parents of Hybrid Combination Based apolegamy is stronger in annidation, Fully consider the color of Parent petiole, tapel, the principle that the characters such as fruit morphology have complementary advantages.Select B hemsleyana J. (B.hemsleyana Hook.) is built as female parent, begonia longialata (B.longialata Guan et Tian) as male parent Vertical cross combination carries out artificial pollination hybridization.Remove the male flower of maternal plant, the male flower pollen of paternal plant is taken gently to scatter In maternal female chapiter, artificial pollination is carried out in morning 9-10 point, and each cross combination carries out 3 and repeats, each to repeat pollination 2-3 times. F is taken from maternal plant1Generation hybridization fruit carries out the seeding and seedling raising of seed, in F1For carrying out character observation in large quantities in group And cultivation, the consistent target new varieties of selection traits.F after pollination hybridization1For plant in slightly lower temperature and humidity, and it is slightly strong Selection and breeding forms under illumination condition.Improved variety ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') petiole breen, aubergine striped It is unobvious.Fruit tool does not wait 3 wings, and tapel is deep pink (RED PURPLE N66B).There is the double depth of blade palmate simultaneously It splits, acrospire tool silvery white spot, female tapel 5, Hua great, not the stronger Optimality of the cultivation adaptabilities such as easy infection powdery mildew Shape.
The specific traits of ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') are cultivated: using distribution Chinese yunnan south, the southeast and The B hemsleyana J. (B.hemsleyana Hook.) and begonia longialata (B.longialata Guan et Tian) in the west and south Sexual hybridization breeding forms, this two kinds of cross combination F1In generation, is bred as registration for the first time, and foreign countries have no close kind report.' strong wing ' the autumn The Partial Feature of Malus spectabilis (B. ' Jianchi ') is close with male parent begonia longialata (B.longialata Guan et Tian), but Following specific traits are completely mutually distinguishable with his father's eigen:
1. petiole: ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') breen, aubergine striped are unobvious；Begonia longialata (B.longialata Guan et Tian) green, aubergine striped are obvious.
2. fruit: ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') tool does not wait 3 wings；Begonia longialata (B.longialata Guan et Tian) only 1 wing.
3. tapel: ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') is deep pink (RED PURPLE N66B)；Long wing autumn sea Chinese bush cherry (B.longialata Guan et Tian) baby pink (RED PURPLE 62C).
By to plant cultivation in 8 years, observation and the cuttage vegetative propagation of 3 generations, ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') above-mentioned specific traits and good characteristic keep stablize.
The cutting propagation of ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi '): ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') belongs to F1Generation, Asexual nourish and generate such as plant division, blade and stem cuttage, excised cotyledon, which can be used, keeps character to stablize.Skewer of the present invention Vegetative propagation is inserted based on blade and stem cuttage.Wherein, blade cuttage is easy to get a large amount of cuttings, is most common cutting propagation Method can take the band cuttage of handle blade and the cuttage of Wedge blade containing arteries and veins.Cutting medium is best with perlite, can also be mixed into a small amount of corruption Matter soil is grown, the nutrient growth of plant after root of hair is promoted.Petiole with handle blade cuttings or the wedge base of stockless blade cuttings omit oblique cutting Enter matrix 3-4cm, and the vein base portion with handle blade cuttings is made to enter matrix 0.5-1cm, keeps 22-28 DEG C of cuttage bed tempertaure, base 18-22 DEG C of matter temperature, the relative air humidity 60-75% of slotting machine, shading rate 70-75%, water spray keeps cuttings moisture to fill in due course Foot.15-20 days cuttings base portion root of hairs, 60-75 days sprouting adventitious bud formation new plants, to new plant well developed root system, tool after 90 days 2-3 piece flat leaves, when plant height 8-12cm, basin in transplanting.
The cultural method of ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi '): ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') F1The cultivation in generation It trains breeding and is completed in slightly lower temperature and humidity, and slightly under high light conditions, cultivation adaptability is stronger.At 20 DEG C of average room temperature (- 2-34 DEG C), average air relative humidity 50% (4-74%), intensity of illumination 15000-20000Lx cultivation condition under it is healthy and strong Growth.The kind category rhizomes type, rhizomes are crawled, sometimes slightly oblique ascension.Cultivation matrix should be rich in organic matter, breathe freely, draining Well, humus soil is preferably selected: perlite: the fibers such as sphagna: the cooperation nutrient matrix cultivation of fertilizer=40: 3: 3: 0.5 PK, never It is too deep, in case rhizome rots.Since plant leaf quantity is more, dense, cultivation matrix, which is poured water, to be sprayed into from hypophyll.Plant blossom Phase suitably increases skew ray photograph, and increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer improves the lodging tolerance of plant, and plant blossom number is more, and Hua great, color are fresh It is gorgeous.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1: ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') nutrient growth plant；
Fig. 2: Figure of abstract --- bloom ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') plant；
Fig. 3: ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') inflorescence；
Fig. 4: maternal --- B hemsleyana J. (B.hemsleyana Hook.)；
Fig. 5: male parent --- begonia longialata (B.longialata Guan et Tian)；
Fig. 6: ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') cutting propagation seedling and the plant that blooms；
Fig. 7: ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') cutting propagation seedling and Flowering Plants group；
Fig. 8: ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') is compared with close species specificity shape.
Specific embodiment:
With reference to the accompanying drawing, essentiality content of the invention is further illustrated with the embodiment of the present invention, but not with This limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The cultivation and cultivation of ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi '):
1. material and pedigree
Begonia (Begonia L.), B hemsleyana J. (B.hemsleyana Hook.) × begonia longialata The F of (B.longialata Guan et Tian)1Generation.
In the breeding parent of use, B hemsleyana J. (B.hemsleyana Hook.) quoted from south of Yunnan Xishuangbanna, Begonia longialata (B.longialata Guan et Tian) is quoted from the Yunnan west and south county Geng Ma, during Original materials for breeding is The academy of sciences, state Kunming Institute of Zoology begonia germ plasm resource collects the plant that blooms of cultivation domestication many years in child care cultivating chamber.
The breed of variety method of ' 2. strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ')
Using B hemsleyana J. (B.hemsleyana Hook.) as female parent, begonia longialata (B.longialata Guan Et Tian) it is used as male parent, it is received in October, 2006 in Kunming Inst. of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences's Begonia plant germplasm resource Collect and carries out artificial pollination hybridization in child care cultivating chamber.Concrete operation method is: removing the male flower of maternal plant, takes paternal plant Male flower pollen gently scatter in maternal female chapiter, artificial pollination is carried out in morning 9-10 point, and each cross combination carries out 3 weights It is multiple, it is each to repeat pollination 2-3 times.The 2 months 2007 harvest F from maternal plant1Generation hybridization fruit, carries out F April1Grow directly from seeds for seed and grows It is numerous, the F of in September, 20081It blooms for the first time in cultivation greenhouse for plant.By to F1For plant cultivation in 8 years observation and selection and 3 For cuttage vegetative propagation, the double drastic crack of blade palmate of improved variety ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi '), petiole aubergine By linear striped, the merits such as tapel depth pink are stablized, moreover, cultivation adaptability is stronger, robust growth, and not easy infection Powdery mildew.
VarietY specificity, consistency and the stability of ' 3. strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ')
The specificity of specific ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') is: petiole breen, aubergine striped are unknown It is aobvious.Fruit tool does not wait 3 wings, and tapel is deep pink (RED PURPLE N66B).
Consistency ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') original plant population and its cuttage vegetative propagation plant, through cultivating It observes and compares, observed by 30 plants of potted plants, specific traits performance is consistent.
Stability is through the cuttage vegetative propagation of 3 generations and its observation of group, petiole breen, and aubergine striped is unobvious. Fruit tool does not wait 3 wings, and the specific traits such as tapel deep pink (RED PURPLE N66B) keep stablizing.
4. the specific traits of ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') are compared with close kind
' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') southern, the southeast and the west and south palm Ye Qiuhai by distribution Chinese yunnan Chinese bush cherry (B.hemsleyana Hook.) and begonia longialata (B.longialata Guan et Tian) sexual hybridization breeding and At this two kinds of cross combination F1In generation, is bred as the first time, and foreign countries have no close kind.The portion of ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') Dtex sign is close with male parent, but following specific traits are completely mutually distinguishable with his father's eigen:
1. petiole: ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') breen, aubergine striped are unobvious；Begonia longialata (B.longialata Guan et Tian) green, aubergine striped are obvious.
2. fruit: ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') tool does not wait 3 wings；Begonia longialata (B.longialata Guan et Tian) only 1 wing.
3. tapel: ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') is deep pink (RED PURPLE N66B)；Long wing autumn sea Chinese bush cherry (B.longialata Guan et Tian) baby pink (RED PURPLE 62C).
The name and morphological feature of ' 5. strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ')
' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') be using B hemsleyana J. (B.hemsleyana Hook.) as female parent, Begonia longialata (B.longialata Guan et Tian) carries out artificial pollination hybridization as male parent, from the F obtained1Dai Qun Selection is cultivated in body.B hemsleyana J. (B.hemsleyana Hook.) is distributed in south of Yunnan, the southeast and the west and south, Cultivation adaptability is stronger.Begonia longialata (B.longialata Guan et Tian) is distributed in the Yunnan west and south, not easy infection Powdery mildew.Improved variety tapel is deep pink, the double drastic crack of blade palmate, has a stronger cultivation adaptability, robust growth, Be not easy it is susceptible, therefore take its male parent Chinese name tagged word ' wing ' name ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ').
' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') is perennial evergreen draft, plant height 25-45cm.Belong to rhizomes type, root Shape stem is crawled, sometimes slightly oblique ascension.Blade profile is oblate, long 10.5-13.5cm, wide 11.5-18.5cm, blade Glabrous, Sometimes by the dotted speckle of silvery white, front green, back side brown purple.Petiole breen has unknown displaing amaranth striped.Tapel Deep pink, complete cyme is blossomed several 6-12, and strain is bloomed several more.Male flower diameter 3.2-3.5cm, tapel 4, outside Wheel is by piece 2, and oval, lubrication groove 2 are polymerized to spherical shape by piece oval, stamen majority, anther orange colour；Female flower diameter 4.5- 5.0cm, tapel 5, foreign steamer 2 do not wait 3 wings by piece long inverted ovoid, style 2, tool by piece oval, lubrication groove 3, and larger wing is long 2.5cm, wide 1.7cm.The full-bloom stage 8-10 month, March in fruit mature period November to next year.
The reproduction technique of ' 6. strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ')
It is numerous that the nutrition such as plant division, blade and stem cuttage, excised cotyledon can be used in ' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') It grows.Wherein, blade cuttage is easy to get a large amount of cuttings, is most common cuttage breeding method, can take band the cuttage of handle blade and The cuttage of Wedge blade containing arteries and veins.Cutting medium is best with perlite, can also be mixed into a small amount of humus soil, promotes the battalion of plant after root of hair Health is long.Petiole with handle blade cuttings or the wedge base of stockless blade cuttings omit oblique cutting and enter matrix 3-4cm, and insert band handle blade The vein base portion of fringe enters matrix 0.5-1cm, keeps 22-28 DEG C of cuttage bed tempertaure, and 18-22 DEG C of substrate temperature, the air phase of slotting machine To humidity 60-75%, shading rate 70-75%, water spray keeps cuttings moisture sufficient in due course.15-20 days cuttings base portion root of hairs, 60- 75 days sprouting adventitious bud formation new plants have a 2-3 piece flat leaves to new plant well developed root system after 90 days, when plant height 8-12cm, move Basin in plant.
The Cultural technique of ' 7. strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ')
' strong wing ' begonia (B. ' Jianchi ') F1The selection and breeding in generation is in slightly lower temperature and humidity, and slightly strong light It is completed according under the conditions of, cultivation adaptability is stronger.In 20 DEG C of average room temperature (- 2-34 DEG C), 50% (4- of average air relative humidity 74%), robust growth under the cultivation condition of intensity of illumination 15000-20000Lx.The kind category rhizomes type, rhizomes are crawled Crawl, sometimes slightly oblique ascension.Cultivation matrix should be rich in organic matter, breathe freely, drain well, preferably select humus soil: perlite: sphagna etc. Fiber: the cooperation nutrient matrix cultivation of fertilizer=40: 3: 3: 0.5 PK, it is never too deep, in case rhizome rots.Due to Plant Leaf the piece number Amount is more, dense, and cultivation matrix, which is poured water, to be sprayed into from hypophyll.The plant blossom phase suitably increases skew ray photograph, and increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer mentions The lodging tolerance of high plant, and plant blossom number is more, it is Hua great, bright in luster.

Claims (4)

  1. Cultivation and the cultural method of ' 1. strong wing ' begonia B. ' Jianchi ', it is characterised in that: the breeding method is logical Sexual hybridization breeding approach is crossed, using artificial pollination method, using B hemsleyana J. B. hemsleyana Hook. as female parent, Begonia longialata B.longialata Guan et Tian carries out artificial pollination hybridization as male parent, from the F obtained1For group Middle selection is cultivated；
    The cultural method be ' strong wing ' begonia using blade cuttage vegetative propagation keep its specificity and merit, with Humus soil: perlite: sphagna: the cooperation nutrient matrix cultivation of fertilizer=40: 3: 3: 0.5 PK, in 20 DEG C of average room temperature, averagely Relative air humidity 50%, intensity of illumination 15000-20000Lx cultivation condition under grow, the plant blossom phase suitably increases oblique fire Illumination, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer improve the lodging tolerance of plant, and plant blossom number is more, Hua great, bright in luster；
    Described ' strong wing ' the begonia varietY specificity is petiole breen, and aubergine striped is unobvious, and fruit tool does not wait 3 Wing, tapel is deep pink, while having the double drastic crack of blade palmate, acrospire tool silvery white spot, female tapel 5, Hua great, Not easy infection powdery mildew, the stronger character of cultivation adaptability.
  2. 2. ' cultivation of strong wing ' begonia and cultural method, it is characterised in that the artificial pollination as described in claim 1 Hybridization is the male flower for removing maternal plant, the male flower pollen of paternal plant is taken gently to scatter in maternal female chapiter, is manually awarded Powder is carried out in morning 9-10 point, and each cross combination carries out 3 and repeats, each to repeat pollination 2-3 times；The harvest F from maternal plant1For miscellaneous Fruit is handed over, F is carried out1Growing directly from seeds for seed, it is numerous to grow, next year F1It blooms for the first time in cultivation greenhouse for plant, by F1For plant 8 years Selection and breeding and cutting propagation select the double drastic crack of blade palmate, and petiole aubergine is by linear striped, tapel depth pink Shape is stablized, and cultivation adaptability is stronger, robust growth, and the plant of easy infection powdery mildew is not ' strong wing ' begonia kind.
  3. 3. ' cultivation of strong wing ' begonia and cultural method, it is characterised in that the cultural method as described in claim 1 In, its specificity is kept using blade cuttage vegetative propagation and merit, cutting medium are perlite, is mixed into a small amount of humus Soil, promotes the nutrient growth of plant after root of hair, and the wedge base of the petiole with handle blade cuttings or stockless blade cuttings omits oblique cutting and enters base Matter 3-4cm, and the vein base portion with handle blade cuttings is made to enter matrix 0.5-1cm, keep 22-28 DEG C of cuttage bed tempertaure, matrix temperature 18-22 DEG C, the relative air humidity 60-75% of slotting machine, shading rate 70-75% of degree, water spray keeps cuttings moisture sufficient in due course； 15-20 days cuttings base portion root of hairs, 60-75 days sprouting adventitious bud formation new plants have 2-3 to new plant well developed root system after 90 days Piece flat leaves, when plant height 8-12cm, basin in transplanting.
  4. 4. ' cultivation of strong wing ' begonia and cultural method, it is characterised in that the cultural method as described in claim 1 Middle cultivation condition and technical measures are: in 20 DEG C of average room temperature, average air relative humidity 50%, intensity of illumination 15000- It is grown under the cultivation condition of 20000Lx, ' strong wing ' begonia kind category rhizomes type, rhizomes is crawled, sometimes slightly oblique ascension, is avoided Too deep, in order to avoid rhizome rots, cultivation matrix, which is selected, is rich in organic matter, breathes freely, well-drained humus soil: perlite: sphagna: The cooperation nutrient matrix cultivation of fertilizer=40: 3: 3: 0.5 PK；Since plant leaf quantity is more, dense, cultivation matrix is poured water from leaf Lower part sprays into, and the plant blossom phase increases skew ray and shines, and increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer improves the lodging tolerance of plant, and plant blossom number It is more, it is Hua great, bright in luster.
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CN115039654B (en) * 2022-07-18 2023-03-31 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 Cultivation method for keeping leaf color and hair quilt color of red-hair Begonia

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