CN113100055B - Breeding method of cold-resistant cut flower type water lily across subgenus Australia - Google Patents
Breeding method of cold-resistant cut flower type water lily across subgenus Australia Download PDFInfo
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- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides a breeding method of cold-resistant cut flower type water lily across subgenus Australia, comprising obtaining inbred lines In, Gn and Bn; in is a Australia water lily inbred line with good upright scape; gn is a big flower type Australia water lily inbred line; bn is a Guangzhizoi subgenus water lily inbred line with good cold resistance and abundant flowers; in is taken as a male parent, Gn is taken as a female parent, and hybrid seeds F1 generation seeds are obtained; f1 generation seeds are sowed to obtain a single plant F1-x with good upright property of flower stems and large flower types; backcrossing F1-x with parent In to obtain NY1 generation seeds; seeding NY1 generation seeds to obtain single plant NY1-x with high flower stem and large flower shape, backcrossing NY1-x single plant with parent In to obtain NY2 generation seeds, and backcrossing for multiple generations to obtain NYn generation seeds; seeding NYn seeds to obtain NYn colonies, and obtaining individual plants NYn-x with good upright stems and large flower types; crossing NYn-x single strains and parent Bn to obtain F2 generation hybrid seeds; the F2 hybrid seeds are selfed for multiple generations to obtain the cold-resistant cut flower type across subgenus Australia water lily with stable characters, large flower type, good erectness, plump flower and good cold resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water lily breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of cold-resistant cut flower type water lily in Australia across subgenus.
Background
Nymphaeaceae (Nymphaeaceae) is a generic name of Nymphaeaceae (Nymphaea) plants, is a worldwide ornamental and economic horticultural crop, has various varieties, specific postures and rich colors, is elegant or gorgeous, is known as 'wonderful water in water' and 'palette in pond', and is a holy, clean and beautiful avatar. The Nymphaeaceae plant has the capability of adsorbing rich nutrients and harmful substances in water while creating economic benefit and beautifying the environment, is an excellent water quality purification material, is widely applied to wetland resource development, and has the history of 5000 years.
Nymphaea comprises 5 subgenera of Nymphaea, Coymphaea mangostana, Archaea tropica, Lotosphaea archaea, Australia and New Tropica, with more than 50 species (including varieties) distributed all over the world except Antarctica, and more than 1000 species of garden variety. The breeding research of water lily originates from Europe in the middle of 19 th century, the first time of water lily crossbreeding is Mr. Joseph Paxton of English, but the most successful is Mr. Joseph Bory Lartour-Marliac of French prawns known as the father of world cold-resistant water lily, and more than 100 cold-resistant water lily varieties are successively cultivated by the first time, and a plurality of varieties are still widely applied at present. Since this century, the breeding of water lily in thailand has been rapidly developed, and a lot of excellent varieties such as 'Wanvisa', 'Siam blue hardy' have been cultivated as represented by doctor nopchaisha n. The research on the breeding of the water lily in China starts late. With the increase of international communication and the development of ecological civilization construction in China, waterscape gardens emerge like bamboo shoots in spring after rain, and a large number of water lily varieties are introduced and widely applied. In 2000, the breeding of Chinese water lily just starts, mostly in the grope learning stage, aims at rich flower color and specific character, and in nearly ten years, the achievements of the genetic breeding research of Chinese water lily are recognized by international coworkers, such as new water lily varieties 'blue sword' ('Lan Jian') and 'red flame' ('HongYan Yan') cultivated by Mr. Huang, and the first international water lily exhibition of lotus flower in 2011 obtains 'white gold prize' (Platinum Award).
The Australia water lily (Subgen. Anecphya) is an Australia protospecies water lily, has the characteristics of large flower type and high pedicel, and is a local very distinctive cut flower type with high market share. In recent years, a plurality of Australia water lily original varieties are introduced and planted in China, and the Australia water lily original varieties are used as wetland landscape configuration varieties and cut flower materials, so that the Australia water lily artificial wetland has a good market prospect. However, because the original environment of the Australian water lily is in a moist and rainy region in the south of Australia, the annual average temperature is 14-21 ℃, and the Australian water lily is hot-loving and extremely cold-resistant, the water lily is only planted in tropical regions such as Hainan and Guangdong, and the popularization and application of the large cut flower water lily variety in China are seriously hindered. Therefore, the breeding work of the cut flower special cold-resistant cross-subgeneric water lily variety by cross-subgeneric hybridization and introduction of the stress-resistant gene is of great significance. In 2015, plum jun takes good strains of cold-resistant water lily (Subgen. Nymphaea) and broad-band water lily (Subgen. Brachyceras) as parents, and through cross subgenera hybridization and multi-band backcross, a new cross subgenera water lily variety 'detective Ailika' with blue-purple flowers and cold resistance is cultivated. Until now, no special cold-resistant cross-subgeneric water lily variety for cut flowers exists in China.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows: at present, the original-seed water lily of the Australia is introduced and planted in China, namely the Nelumbo nucifera of the Nelumbo nucifera, the planting area is high in limitation, the cut flower yield and overwintering breeding have high risks, and no cut flower type water lily variety with abundant flowers and cold resistance exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a breeding method of cold-resistant cut flower type water lily across subgenus Australia, and aims to provide a breeding method of water lily for cut flower type with good cold resistance.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the disclosure is as follows:
a breeding method of cold-resistant cut flower type water lily across Australia, comprises the following steps:
step 1: respectively selecting the Australia water lily with good erectility, the Australia water lily with large flower type and the Guangzhong subgenus water lily with good cold resistance and abundant flowers for sowing and seedling raising to obtain three water lily plants; after the three water lily plants bloom, continuously carrying out multi-generation selfing on the three water lily plants, and selecting selfing lines In, Gn and Bn In a flowering period; wherein In is a Australia water lily inbred line with good stem uprightness; gn is a big flower type Australia water lily inbred line; bn is a Guangzhizoi subgenus water lily inbred line with good cold resistance and abundant flowers;
step 2: taking In as a male parent and Gn as a female parent to obtain hybrid seeds F1 generation seeds; after sowing seeds of the F1 generation, selecting a single plant F1-x with good stem erectility, large flower shape and biased comprehensive characters to the parent Gn from the population of the F1 generation;
and step 3: backcrossing F1-x with parent In to obtain NY1 generation seeds; seeding NY1 generation seeds to obtain NY1 generation group, selecting a single plant NY1-x which has high flower stem and large flower shape and has the comprehensive character biased to the parent Gn, and backcrossing the NY1-x single plant and the parent In to obtain NY2 generation seeds; step 3 is circulated and multiple generations of backcross are continuously carried out to obtain NYn generations of seeds;
and 4, step 4: sowing NYn seeds to obtain NYn colonies, and selecting individual plants NYn-x with good stem erectility and large flower shape from the NYn colonies; crossing the NYn-x single plant with the parent Bn across subgenera to obtain F1 generation hybrid seeds;
and 5: after sowing the F1 hybrid seeds, selfing for multiple generations to obtain the cold-resistant cut flower type across subgenus Australia water lily with stable characters, large flower type, good erectility, plump flower and good cold resistance.
The further improved scheme is as follows: in the step 1, sowing and seedling in a greenhouse in 1 month, transplanting 5-leaf-aged seedlings to outdoor planting in the middle ten days of 5 months, carrying out artificial pollination and selfing in the last ten days of 8 months to the last ten days of 9 months, and collecting seeds after fruits are mature; during selfing, the flower buds are bagged to isolate exogenous pollen, when the flower blooms and the pollen is mature, the pollen is collected and soaked in stigma solution to obtain suspension, and the suspension is dripped into the stigma of the self-flower.
The further improved scheme is as follows: when the inbred line In is selected In the flowering phase, the Australian water lily with good stem erectness, height of not less than 30cm, neat flower type and flower diameter of not less than 12cm is selected.
The further improved scheme is as follows: when the inbred line Gn is selected in the flowering phase, the Australian water lily with large flower shape, the diameter of not less than 25cm and the blue-purple flower color is selected.
The further improved scheme is as follows: when the inbred line Bn is selected in the flowering phase, the Guangzhong subgenus water lily which is easy to sleep, good in cold resistance, purple in stamen and abundant in flowers is selected.
The further improved scheme is as follows: in step 5, when selecting the cold-resistant cut flower type Australia water lily in the genus Australia, the cold-resistant cut flower type Australia water lily in the genus Australia with large flower type, good erectness, high flower stem, abundant flower, good cold resistance, easy dormancy propagation, purple stamens and purple white flower color is selected.
The further improved scheme is as follows: in step 2 and step 3, the comprehensive traits comprise at least one of flower color, flower type and plant type.
The further improved scheme is as follows: in step 1, three kinds of water lily plants are continuously selfed for 2-3 generations.
The further improved scheme is as follows: in step 3, backcrossing is carried out for 3-4 generations in succession.
The further improved scheme is as follows: in step 5, F1 hybrid seeds are sown and then selfed for 2-3 generations.
The beneficial effect of this disclosure does:
the breeding method of cold-resistant cut flower type across subgenus Australia water lily provided by the disclosure utilizes breeding means such as multi-generation selfing, backcrossing and multi-parent polymerization hybridization to transfer different subgenus water lily germplasm resource characteristics such as flower type, plump flower, stress resistance and the like into the upright high-flower-stem Australia water lily, and can cultivate water lily with large flower type, good upright property, plump flower and good cold resistance; due to good uprightness, flower plumping and cold resistance, the flower bud can be used as excellent cut flower, and has high economic value and good ornamental value. In addition, the high-resistance cut-flower type across subgenus Australia water lily cultivated by the method overcomes the defects of poor stress resistance, low yield, poor reproduction and the like of the existing Australia cut-flower water lily.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present disclosure and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings may be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a breeding method of anti-cold cut flower type Nymphaea besseudata in the genus of Australia according to the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 is a graph of cold-resistant cut flower type across Australian Water lily of the Sundaea with stable properties, large flower type, good erectness, plump flower and good cold resistance obtained by the breeding method of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the disclosure and are not intended to limit the disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the disclosure without inventive step, are within the scope of the disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1, a breeding method of cold-resistant flower-cut type water lily across subgenus australia comprises the following steps:
step 1: respectively selecting the Australia water lily with good erectility, the Australia water lily with large flower type and the Guangzhong subgenus water lily with good cold resistance and abundant flowers for sowing and seedling raising to obtain three water lily plants; after the three water lily plants bloom, continuously carrying out multi-generation selfing on the three water lily plants, and selecting selfing lines In, Gn and Bn In a flowering period; wherein In is a Australia water lily inbred line with good stem uprightness; gn is a big flower type Australia water lily inbred line; bn is a Guangzhou subgenus water lily inbred line with good cold resistance and abundant flowers.
The term "water lily australis" means that a species with a high erectility ranking is selected from the species of water lily australis.
The water lily of Australia with large flower patterns refers to the selection of the variety with larger flower patterns and the top rank among the varieties of the water lily of Australia.
The water lily with good cold resistance has the characteristics of cold resistance and overwintering, and the abundant flowers are grafted on the single water lily.
Wherein, the inbred line means: under the condition of artificially controlling self-pollination, poor ear rows are continuously eliminated through a plurality of generations, and a single plant with better agronomic characters is selected for selfing, so that a line with more regular and consistent agronomic characters and simpler genetic basis is obtained and is called a selfing line.
Wherein n In the inbred lines In, Gn and Bn is an inbred line obtained after n generations of inbreeding, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
The cut flower is a material of a flower arrangement cut from a plant body, and is used for arranging the flower or making a bouquet.
Step 2: taking In as a male parent and Gn as a female parent to obtain hybrid seeds F1 generation seeds; after F1 seeds are sown, a single plant F1-x with good stem erectility, large flower shape and biased comprehensive characters to the parent Gn is selected from F1 population.
Wherein, the comprehensive shape comprises flower color, flower type and plant type.
And step 3: backcrossing F1-x with parent In to obtain NY1 generation seeds; seeding NY1 generation seeds to obtain NY1 generation group, selecting a single plant NY1-x which has high flower stem and large flower shape and has the comprehensive character biased to the parent Gn, and backcrossing the NY1-x single plant and the parent In to obtain NY2 generation seeds; and (5) circulating the step 3 and continuously carrying out multiple-generation backcrossing to obtain NYn-generation seeds. Namely: NY2-x single plants are obtained from NY2 generation seeds, the NY2-x single plants are backcrossed with parent In to obtain NY3 generation seeds, and the like to obtain NYn generation seeds.
And 4, step 4: sowing NYn seeds to obtain NYn colonies, and selecting individual plants NYn-x with good stem erectility and large flower shape from the NYn colonies; crossing the NYn-x single strain with the parent Bn across subgenus to obtain F1 generation hybrid seeds.
And 5: after sowing the F1 hybrid seeds, performing multi-generation selfing (selfing homozygosis) to obtain the cold-resistant cut flower type across subgenus Australia water lily with stable characters, large flower type, good erectility, abundant flower and good cold resistance.
In step 1, the breeding process of selfing is as follows: sowing and seedling in a greenhouse in 1 month, transplanting 5-leaf-aged seedlings to outdoor planting in the middle ten days of 5 months, carrying out artificial pollination and selfing in the last ten days of 8 months to the last 9 months, and collecting seeds after fruits are mature; during selfing, the flower buds are bagged to isolate exogenous pollen, when the flower blooms and the pollen is mature, the pollen is collected and soaked in stigma solution to obtain suspension, and the suspension is dripped into the stigma of the self-flower.
On the basis of any scheme, In the step 1, when the inbred line In is selected In the flowering phase, the Australian water lily with good stem erectness, height of not less than 30cm, neat flower type and flower diameter of not less than 12cm is selected.
On the basis of any scheme, in the step 1, when the inbred line Gn is selected in the flowering phase, the Australian water lily with large flower shape, the diameter of not less than 25cm and blue-purple flower color is selected.
On the basis of any scheme, in the step 1, when the inbred line Bn is selected in the flowering phase, the Guangzhi subgenus water lily which is easy to sleep, good in cold resistance, purple in stamen and abundant in flowers is selected.
On the basis of any scheme, in the step 5, when the coldness-resistant cut flower type australia cross subgenus water lily is selected, coldness-resistant cut flower type australia cross subgenus water lily which is large in flower type, good in erectility, high in flower stem, plump in flower, good in cold resistance, easy to sleep and reproduce, purple in stamen and purple white in flower color is selected.
On the basis of any one of the schemes, in the step 2 and the step 3, the comprehensive traits comprise at least one of flower color, flower type and plant type.
On the basis of any scheme, in the step 1, three water lily plants are continuously subjected to 2-3 generations of selfing;
on the basis of any scheme, in the step 3, 3-4 generations of backcross are continuously carried out;
on the basis of any scheme, in step 5, F1 hybrid seeds are sown and then selfed for 2-3 generations.
The disclosure is further illustrated below by statistical data:
table one:
as can be seen from the table I, the cold-resistant cut flower type water lily ImGB-x cultured by the method disclosed by the invention is compared with the existing water lily variety: the plant type is large, the flower type is multi-petal, the flower is large, the upright property of the flower stem is good, the length of the flower stem is long, the plump flower property (the number of flowers grown by a single-plant water lily every year) is good, and the flower stem is rare purple stamen and purple white flower color; for the cut flower industry, all indexes reach higher standards, the comprehensive performance is superior to that of each existing water lily variety, and the market economic value is high.
Table two:
in addition, as can be seen from the second table, the cold-resistant cut flower type water lily imGB-x cultured by the method has longer flowering phase, is suitable for cutting flowers and can be supplied to the market for a long time; the heat resistance is good, the cold resistance is certain, and the method can be popularized and planted in most domestic areas; compared with the existing Australia water lily, the propagation capacity is stronger; the cut flower yield (the number of flowers of a single water lily which can be used as a cut flower per year) is obviously higher than other water lily varieties, and the market economic value is high.
The present disclosure is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and any other various forms of products may be obtained by anyone in the light of the present disclosure, but any changes in shape or structure thereof fall within the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined by the claims of the present disclosure.
Claims (5)
1. A breeding method of cold-resistant cut flower type water lily across Australia, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: respectively selecting the Australia water lily with good erectility, the Australia water lily with large flower type and the Guangzhong subgenus water lily with good cold resistance and abundant flowers for sowing and seedling raising to obtain three water lily plants; after the three water lily plants bloom, continuously carrying out multi-generation selfing on the three water lily plants, and selecting selfing lines In, Gn and Bn In a flowering period; wherein In is a Australia water lily inbred line with good stem uprightness; gn is a big flower type Australia water lily inbred line; bn is a Guangzhizoi subgenus water lily inbred line with good cold resistance and abundant flowers;
when an inbred line In is selected In the flowering phase, selecting the Australian water lily with good stem erectness, height of not less than 30cm, neat flower type and flower diameter of not less than 12 cm;
selecting Australia water lily with large flower shape, diameter not less than 25cm and blue-purple flower color when selecting the inbred line Gn in the flowering period;
when the inbred line Bn is selected in the flowering phase, the Guangzhini subgenus water lily which is easy to sleep, good in cold resistance, purple in stamen and abundant in flowers is selected;
sowing and seedling in a greenhouse in 1 month, transplanting 5-leaf-aged seedlings to outdoor planting in the middle ten days of 5 months, carrying out artificial pollination and selfing in the last ten days of 8 months to the last 9 months, and collecting seeds after fruits are mature; during selfing, bagging the buds to isolate exogenous pollen, collecting the pollen and soaking the pollen in stigma solution to obtain suspension when the flower blooms and the pollen is mature, and dripping the pollen suspension into stigma of the self-flowering buds;
step 2: taking In as a male parent and Gn as a female parent to obtain hybrid seeds F1 generation seeds; after sowing seeds of the F1 generation, selecting a single plant F1-x with good stem erectility, large flower shape and biased comprehensive characters to the parent Gn from the population of the F1 generation;
and step 3: backcrossing F1-x with parent In to obtain NY1 generation seeds; seeding NY1 generation seeds to obtain NY1 generation group, selecting a single plant NY1-x which has high flower stem and large flower shape and has the comprehensive character biased to the parent Gn, and backcrossing the NY1-x single plant and the parent In to obtain NY2 generation seeds; step 3 is circulated and multiple generations of backcross are continuously carried out to obtain NYn generations of seeds;
and 4, step 4: sowing NYn seeds to obtain NYn colonies, and selecting individual plants NYn-x with good stem erectility and large flower shape from the NYn colonies; crossing the NYn-x single plant with the parent Bn across subgenera to obtain F1 generation hybrid seeds;
and 5: sowing the F1 hybrid seeds, and then selfing for multiple generations to obtain the cold-resistant cut flower type across subgenus Australia water lily with stable characters, large flower type, good erectility, abundant flower and good cold resistance;
when selecting the cold-resistant cut flower type Australian water lily in the genus Australian, the cold-resistant cut flower type Australian water lily in the genus Australian with large flower type, good uprightness, high flower stem, abundant flower, good cold resistance, easy dormancy propagation, purple stamen and purple white flower color is selected.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in step 2 and step 3, the comprehensive traits comprise at least one of flower color, flower type and plant type.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein three plants of Nymphaea candida presl are selfed for 2-3 consecutive generations in step 1.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein 3-4 backcrosses are performed in step 3 in a sequential manner.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 5, F1 hybrid seeds are sown and then selfed for 2-3 generations.
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| CN114631470B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-08-25 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Method for inducing Australian water lily to sleep in field |
| CN116326475B (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2024-05-28 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Hybrid combination method for obtaining cross subgenera purple red-heart water lily |
| CN116267589B (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2024-01-26 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Cross breeding method of full-petal wide-tropical water lily |
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| USPP9676P (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 1996-10-29 | Slocum; Perry D. | Water lily, plant name: `Peaches and Cream` |
| USPP26530P3 (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2016-03-22 | Florida Aquatic Nurseries, Inc. | Water lily plant named ‘Purple Fantasy’ |
| CN107384845B (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2020-09-04 | 浙江人文园林股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating cold-resistant tropical water lily by pollen tube channel conversion method |
| CN109757357B (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2021-10-29 | 南京农业大学 | Water lily hybridization method |
| CN111387046A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-10 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Water lily breeding method |
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2021
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