CN114747484A - Breeding method of long-flowering-period ornamental-edible dual-purpose type lotus seed variety - Google Patents
Breeding method of long-flowering-period ornamental-edible dual-purpose type lotus seed variety Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000831652 Salinivibrio sharmensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000209445 Nelumbonaceae Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000213382 Nymphaea lotus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010710 Nymphaea lotus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 claims 4
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- IAKHMKGGTNLKSZ-INIZCTEOSA-N (S)-colchicine Chemical compound C1([C@@H](NC(C)=O)CC2)=CC(=O)C(OC)=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(OC)C(OC)=C1OC IAKHMKGGTNLKSZ-INIZCTEOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011299 Brassica oleracea var botrytis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000003259 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005807 Nelumbo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 240000005926 Hamelia patens Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000048199 Hibiscus mutabilis Species 0.000 description 1
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- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
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Abstract
The invention provides a breeding method of a long-flowering and edible lotus seed variety, and aims to solve the problem that a lotus seed variety which is long in flowering period, high in ornamental value and high in edible quality is lacking in the prior art. The breeding method of the long-flowering season food-appreciation dual-purpose type lotus seed variety comprises the following steps: sowing and seedling raising the seed lotus of the seed lotus strain M, the seed lotus of the seed lotus strain B and the seed lotus of the tropical ecotype lotus strain L; hybridizing by using the strain M lotus root as a male parent and the strain B lotus root as a female parent; selfing the strain L of the lotus root; obtaining MB hybrid F1 and L inbred L1; sowing F1 and L1, and continuously selfing for multiple generations to obtain a multi-generation inbred line population, and selecting excellent inbred lines MB-nx and Ln; performing hybridization by taking Ln as a female parent and MB-nx as a male parent to obtain hybrid seeds F2 generation seeds; after F2 generation seeds are sown, selecting a single MBL-X from F2 generation population; carrying out multi-generation backcross by taking MBL-X as a female parent and MB-nX as a male parent to obtain MBL-nX seeds; and sowing MBL-nX seeds to obtain a new variety MBL-nX with longer flowering phase, high ornamental value, high edible quality and stable character.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hybridization breeding of lotus seedpod, and particularly relates to a breeding method of a lotus seedpod variety with the functions of long flowering phase and appreciation and dual use.
Background
The lotus is a perennial herb, is the only aquatic flower in ten traditional famous flowers in China, and is also named as lotus, hibiscus mutabilis, Lingbaoxianzi and the like. There are two species of Nelumbo, Chinese lotus (Nelumbo uciferagaertn.) and American goldthread (Wind) Pers.). China, which is the world distribution center and cultivation center of Chinese lotuses, is very rich in variety resources, can be divided into two subspecies of temperate lotuses (Chinese lotuses) and tropical lotuses from regions, and can be divided into flowering lotuses and lotus root-forming lotuses from cultivation types. The lotus root shaped lotus has tall and big plant, luxuriant branches and leaves with little or no flowers, and can form an expanded underground stem, namely the lotus root, for people to eat. The flowering lotus has three plant types of big, middle and small, and flowers are plentiful and can be fruited; the lotus seeds can be divided into the lotus seeds and the lotus flowers according to the application, the lotus seeds have strong fructification capability, and the lotus seeds can be provided for people to eat; the flower lotus is mainly viewed, the flower type has few petals, double platforms, thousand petals and the like, and different flower colors such as white, red, pink and the like, and the number of the recorded variety reaches more than 1000; the most obvious difference between the American goldthread root and the Chinese lotus is unique yellow flower, which makes up the defect that the Chinese lotus has no yellow flower, greatly enriches the genetic diversity of the lotus, and the species are mainly distributed in northern American and northern American, northern Canada, and southern to Brazil, wherein the United states is the world distribution center of the American goldthread root. In the early 20 th century, in the aspect of lotus breeding, Wuhan botanical garden in Chinese academy of sciences and the research center of lotus in China bred a large number of new lotus varieties. 3 excellent strains are bred by sexual hybridization breeding of Huangyihua (1983) and are popularized and applied as new bowl lotus varieties. Huang Guo Zheng et al (1983) applied colchicine to treat red thousand leaves and discuss the method for obtaining polyploid cauliflower. Wangchinao (1985) and the like adopt methods of selective breeding, crossbreeding, radiation breeding and the like to breed 37 lotus varieties with novel flower types and bright colors for potted ornamental of people. Since then, breeders have begun to breed new varieties of cauliflower having higher ornamental value one after another. At the beginning of the 21 st century, Wang's super-equal (2003) was examined in Yunnan and Guangdong, and 7 unique varieties or variants were discovered in succession, namely ' Yilian thousand petals ', ' common black and white lotus ', ' common black and red lotus ', ' Xiaoshanjin ', ' Zhongshan lotus ', ' Zhongshan red platform ' and ' red head towel ', aiming at exploring the lotus variety resources in China. Zhang Bing et al (2006) compared the external morphology and growth habit of tropical and temperate lotuses, bred 'Hongdao' and 'Tai Qing', and advocated breeders to cross-breed using tropical lotuses. The eugenic plants (2013) breed pure yellow double-petal lotus flower 'fodder autumn' and compound single-petal lotus flower 'ai Jiangnan' by taking the intermediate-American hybridized and hybridized lotus progeny as parents.
The lotus seed as another main agricultural cultivation type except lotus root has also achieved huge achievements in breeding, and in the early 90 s, Guangchang white lotus research institute, Jianning lotus department and our unit support local traditional planting, so that the technological level of lotus seed industry such as lotus seed releasing and lotus seed building is improved, and researches such as lotus classification, germplasm resource creation and new variety breeding are carried out. For example, research such as space breeding, ion implantation and the like are successively carried out by Guangchang white lotus scientific research institute, and a batch of new varieties such as 'space lotus' and the like are bred; the new seed varieties of the seed lotus, which are characterized by high yield and large grain, are bred in Jianning Nelumbonaceae, namely 'selection No. 17' and 'selection No. 35'; the unit takes the lotus seeds 'Xiang lotus seeds' and the lotus seeds 'space No. 3' as parents to breed a first new species 'jin lotus seeds No. 1' of the edible and compatible lotus seeds.
The lotus seed has large cultivation area and large flower quantity, can improve lotus seed picking, and has huge development potential as sightseeing agriculture at present. 2010, except for the traditional Chinese lotus production area, the lotus flower and lotus seed picking industry which combines agriculture sightseeing and agriculture travel is rapidly developed, and the whole country is developed by more than ten thousand mu. As the flowering period and the picking period of the lotus seed are from 6 months to 9 months, the flowering period and the picking period are about 90 days, the full flowering period and the full production period are only 40 days, the requirements of people on lotus ornamental and tender lotus seed picking and eating are difficult to meet, particularly, the development momentum of the industry is greatly struck due to no flower and no lotus during the long holiday period in the national celebration, and the further development and the growth of the lotus industry in our country are hindered. Therefore, the introduction of the gene of the long-flowering phase through interspecific hybridization has important significance in the breeding work of new species of the lotus seed which can be used as both food and long-flowering phase. So far, no long-flowering-period lotus variety is reported in China.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are: at present, the florescence and the picking period can not meet the requirements of industrial development and market, and no report of the seed lotus variety with both florescence, appreciation and edible quality exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a breeding method of a long-flowering and edible lotus seed variety, and aims to solve the problem that a lotus seed variety which is long in flowering period, high in ornamental value and high in edible quality is lacking in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a breeding method of a long-flowering ornamental-edible dual-purpose type lotus seed variety comprises the following steps:
s100, planting lotus seeds in a multi-flower type lotus seed (N.nucifera.Nelumbonaceae A.Space 3) strain M, lotus seeds in a high-maturing-rate and large-fruit type lotus seed (N.nucifera.Nelumbonaceae A.Jx35) strain B and lotus seeds in a tropical ecological type lotus (N.nucifera.Nelumbonaceae A.) strain L of a new skin genus in a long flowering period in a greenhouse of a worker, and transplanting 1-2 leaf-erecting seedlings to outdoor planting in late 4 months;
s200, performing artificial pollination and hybridization by taking the strain M lotus roots as male parents and the strain B lotus roots as female parents in the last ten days of July to September; carrying out artificial pollination and selfing on the L lotus roots of the strain; MB hybrid F1 and L inbred L1;
S300, combining breeding target characters, sowing MB hybrid F1 and L inbred L1 in an artificial greenhouse in one month in the next year, continuously and selfing for multiple generations to obtain a multi-generation inbred line group, and selecting excellent inbred lines MB-nx and Ln in a flowering period and a picking period respectively;
the selection conditions of the excellent inbred line are as follows:
MB-nx has bright color, the maturing rate is higher than 90%, the heart skin number is not lower than 30, the fruit diameter is not lower than 12cm, and not less than 10 flowers per square meter;
ln has bright color, the fruit diameter is not less than 9cm, the setting percentage is not less than 50 percent, the heart skin number is not less than 20, and the flowering phase can be continued to the beginning of 11 months;
s400, hybridizing the selected excellent inbred line MB-nx and the excellent inbred line Ln by taking Ln as a female parent and MB-nx as a male parent to obtain hybrid seeds F2 generation seeds;
s500, sowing seeds of F2 generations, selecting single plant MBL-X with bright color, high maturing rate, large flower type, large fruit, maturing rate not less than 80%, heart skin number not less than 25, flowering period as long as 10 th of month and comprehensive character superior to that of parents from F2 generations of colonies
S600, backcrossing the selected MBL-X single plant serving as a female parent and the selected MB-nx serving as a male parent to obtain F3 generation hybrid seeds;
s700, sowing F3 generation hybrid seeds to obtain a breeding group, and selecting F3 generation hybrid seeds according to the selection conditions in the step S500 to obtain the breeding group; repeating the action of backcrossing with the parent MB-nX in the step S600, and carrying out continuous multi-generation backcrossing and selection to obtain MBL-nX seeds;
S800, sowing MBL-nX seeds to obtain an MBL-nX population, and screening to obtain a new appreciative and edible seed lotus variety with beautiful and flowery, high maturing rate, large fruit, long flowering phase and stable character by combining flower color, resistance and agronomic character selection.
The further improved scheme is as follows: in step 300, the L species of lotus root is inbred for 3-4 generations.
The further improved scheme is as follows: in step 300, the line MB lotus root hybrid F1 is self-crossed for 1-2 generations.
The further improved scheme is as follows: in step 300, the L species of lotus root is self-bred for 3-4 generations.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the continuous multiple backcross in step 700 is a 2-3 generation backcross.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the artificial pollination selfing method comprises the following steps: bagging the opened flower buds to isolate exogenous pollen, collecting mature pollen of another flower of the same plant on the next day, and smearing the flower buds of the bagged flowers on the flower buds by using a writing brush;
the artificial pollination hybridization method comprises the following steps: bagging the opened flower bud of the female parent to isolate exogenous pollen, collecting mature pollen of the male parent on the next day, and smearing the flower bud on the stigma of the female parent with a writing brush.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the lotus seed (N.nucifera.Nelumbaceae A.Space 3) strain M lotus root is space No. 3 from the institute of white lotus science in Guangchang county.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the lotus seed (n.nucifera.nelumbonaceae a.jxc35) strain B is jiangchong No. 35 from the lotus institute of jiangning county, fujiangjian province.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the tropical ecotype lotus (N.nucifera. Nelumboona A.) line L is a lotus root which is taken from Hainan Haikou and the seed source is Thailand.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, based on the M lotus roots of a lotus seed (N.nucifera.Nelumbaceae A.Space 3) strain, the B lotus roots of a lotus seed (N.nucifera.Nelumbaceae A.Jx35) strain and the L lotus roots of a tropical ecotype lotus (N.nucifera.Nelumbaceae A.) strain, the genetic recombination is carried out by breeding means such as multi-generation selfing, backcrossing and multi-parent polymerization hybridization, and a novel method for cultivating the lotus seeds with long flowering periods and appreciation and eating functions by utilizing different ecotype flowering type lotus varieties in a hybridization way is created; the long-flowering-period edible-enjoying dual-purpose lotus seed variety cultivated by adopting the parent and the cultivation method overcomes the defects of short flowering period and short picking period of the existing lotus seed variety, and inherits the advantages of multiple flowers, high fruiting rate, large fruit type and the like of the parent.
The new variety cultivated by the method has the characteristics of long flowering period, long picking period, multiple flowers, high maturing rate and big fruit type, and is very used as a variety for sightseeing and tourism; the florescence is longer, the florescence is still in the florescence in the period of eleven small and long holidays, and the florescence is characterized by multiple flowers, so that the new variety cultivated by the method has higher ornamental value; in addition, the new variety cultivated by the method has the advantages of high flowering, high maturing rate and large fruit type, and the yield and the quality of the lotus seeds are improved, so that the new variety cultivated by the method has high edible value; the new variety cultivated by the method has higher economic value due to the high ornamental value and the high edible value of the new variety cultivated by the method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other relevant drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a breeding method according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a new cultivar of a fruit lotus for appreciation and eating obtained by the breeding method of the present invention taken at day 10, month 8.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of a lotus of a new cultivar of a dietetic and edible lotus taken at day 10, month 8 and using the breeding method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a novel cultivar of a dietetic lotus seed taken at day 10, month 8 and obtained by the breeding method of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the breeding method of comparative example 1.
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a breeding method of comparative example 2.
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a breeding method in comparative example 3.
FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a breeding method of comparative example 4.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the invention without inventive step, are within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a breeding method of a long-flowering and diet-enjoying type lotus seed variety comprises the following steps:
s100, planting lotus seeds in a multi-flower type lotus seed (N.nucifera.Nelumbonaceae A.Space3) strain M, lotus seeds in a high-maturing-rate and large-fruit type lotus seed (N.nucifera.Nelumbonaceae A.Jx35) strain B and lotus seeds in a tropical ecological type lotus (N.nucifera.Nelumbonaceae A.) strain L of a new skin genus in a long flowering period in a greenhouse of a worker, and transplanting 1-2 leaf-erecting seedlings to outdoor planting in late 4 months;
wherein, the seed lotus of the seed lotus (N.nucifera.Nelumboinaceae A.Space3) is space No. 3 from the research institute of white lotus science in Guangchang county.
Wherein the lotus seed (N.nucifera.Nelumboinaceae A.Jx35) strain B is Jianchong No. 35 from Nelumbonaceae, Jianning county, Fujian province.
Wherein the tropical ecotype lotus (N.nucifera. Nelumbonaceae A.) strain L is lotus root, which is obtained from Hainan Haikai, and the seed source is Thailand.
S200, performing artificial pollination and hybridization by taking the strain M lotus roots as male parents and the strain B lotus roots as female parents in the last ten days of July to September; carrying out artificial pollination and selfing on the L lotus roots of the strain; MB hybrid F1 and L inbred L1;
s300, combining breeding target characters, sowing MB hybrid F1 and L inbred L1 in an artificial greenhouse in one month in the next year, continuously and selfing for multiple generations to obtain a multi-generation inbred line group, and selecting excellent inbred lines MB-nx and Ln in a flowering period and a picking period respectively;
The selection conditions of the excellent inbred line are as follows:
MB-nx has bright flower color, the maturing rate is higher than 90%, the heart skin number is not lower than 30, the fruit diameter is not lower than 12cm, and not less than 10 flowers per square meter;
ln has bright color, the fruit diameter is not less than 9cm, the setting percentage is not less than 50 percent, the heart skin number is not less than 20, and the flowering phase can be continued to the beginning of 11 months;
wherein, the multi-generation selfing of the strain L lotus roots is 3-4 generation selfing; the multi-generation selfing of the strain MB lotus root hybrid F1 is 1-2 generation selfing; the multi-generation selfing of the L lotus roots is 3-4 generation selfing.
S400, hybridizing the selected excellent inbred line MB-nx and the excellent inbred line Ln by taking Ln as a female parent and MB-nx as a male parent to obtain hybrid seeds F2 generation seeds;
s500, sowing seeds of F2 generations, selecting single plant MBL-X with bright color, high maturing rate, large flower type, large fruit, maturing rate not less than 80%, heart skin number not less than 25, flowering period as long as 10 th of month and comprehensive character superior to that of parents from F2 generations of colonies
S600, backcrossing the selected MBL-X single plant serving as a female parent and the selected MB-nx serving as a male parent to obtain F3 generation hybrid seeds;
s700, sowing F3 generation hybrid seeds to obtain a breeding group, and selecting F3 generation hybrid seeds according to the selection conditions in the step S500 to obtain the breeding group; repeating the action of backcrossing with the parent MB-nX in the step S600, and carrying out continuous multi-generation backcrossing and selection to obtain MBL-nX seeds;
Wherein the continuous multiple backcross is 2-3 backcross.
S800, sowing MBL-nX seeds to obtain an MBL-nX population, and screening to obtain a new edible and dual-purpose lotus seed variety which is beautiful in flower color, multiple in flower, high in maturing rate, large in fruit, long in flowering phase and stable in character by combining flower color, resistance and agronomic character selection.
After the MBL-nX seeds obtained by the cultivation method are planted, the MBL-nX seeds refer to the figures 2 to 4, and have the characteristics of long flowering period, long picking period, multiple flowers, high fruiting rate and large fruit type.
On the basis of the scheme: the artificial pollination selfing method comprises the following steps: bagging the opened flower buds to isolate exogenous pollen, collecting mature pollen of another flower of the same plant on the next day, and smearing the flower buds of the bagged flowers on the flower buds by using a writing brush;
the artificial pollination hybridization method comprises the following steps: bagging the opened flower bud of the female parent to isolate exogenous pollen, collecting mature pollen of the male parent on the next day, and smearing the flower bud on the stigma of the female parent with a writing brush.
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to test data:
comparative example 1:
referring to fig. 5, the strain M lotus root is taken as a male parent and the strain B lotus root is taken as a female parent for hybridization, F1 generation is obtained, and a single strain F1-x which is expected to be sown and screened is obtained, so that the stable-character, flowery, large-fruit and high-maturing-rate MB-nx is obtained.
Comparative example 2:
referring to fig. 6, the strain L lotus root is used as male parent and the strain B lotus root is used as female parent for hybridization, F1 generation is obtained, and single strain F1-x which meets the expectation is sowed and screened, and the multi-flower type, the flowering phase is prolonged by 10 days, the maturing rate is 73.3%, and the LB-nx of medium fruit type is obtained.
Comparative example 3:
referring to fig. 7, strain M lotus roots are used as male parents and strain L lotus roots are used as female parents for hybridization, F1 generation is obtained, and single strain F1-x which meets the expectation is sowed and screened, so that multi-flower type ML-nx with a flowering period prolonged by 42 days, a maturing rate of 72.5% and small fruit type is obtained.
Comparative example 4:
referring to fig. 8, the hybridization process is the same as the present invention, but the high-maturing variety B is changed to the high-maturing variety F, and the tropical ecotype lotus line L is changed to the long-flowering white-flower tropical lotus G (long-flowering red-flower tropical lotus); finally obtaining the multi-flower type, prolonging the florescence for 35 days, white flower color, setting percentage of 68.2 percent and small fruit type MFG-nx.
The variety MBL-nX obtained by the breeding method is shown in the table 1 in comparison with comparative examples 1 to 3 and the existing varieties.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the table 1, the current lotus seed variety No. 36 and No. 17 of the space has shorter florescence, and in addition, the flower quantity of No. 17 of the selection is less, and the diameter of No. 36 fruit of the space is smaller; the existing lotus seeds can not simultaneously have the characteristics of long flowering phase, high ornamental value and high edible quality, and brings great limitation to sightseeing and traveling.
It can be seen from comparative examples 1 to 4 that no matter the hybridization process or variety is changed, the comparative examples can not obtain the seed lotus variety which has the characteristics of long flowering period, long picking period, multiple flowers, high maturing rate and large fruit type. Only based on the lotus seed strains M, B and L of the tropical ecotype lotus strains can the lotus seed varieties which have the characteristics of long flowering period, long picking period, multiple flowers, high fruiting rate and large fruit shape by matching the process method provided by the invention be obtained.
The invention is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and any other various forms of products can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in shape or structure thereof, which fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims, fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A breeding method of a long-flowering ornamental and edible seed lotus variety is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, planting lotus seeds in a multi-flower type lotus seed (N.nucifera.Nelumbonaceae A.Space 3) strain M, lotus seeds in a high-maturing-rate and large-fruit type lotus seed (N.nucifera.Nelumbonaceae A.Jx35) strain B and lotus seeds in a tropical ecological type lotus (N.nucifera.Nelumbonaceae A.) strain L of a new skin genus in a long flowering period in a greenhouse of a worker, and transplanting 1-2 leaf-erecting seedlings to outdoor planting in late 4 months;
S200, performing artificial pollination and hybridization by taking the strain M lotus roots as male parents and the strain B lotus roots as female parents in the last ten days of July to September; carrying out artificial pollination and selfing on the L lotus roots of the strain; MB hybrid F1 and L inbred L1;
s300, combining breeding target characters, sowing MB hybrid F1 and L inbred L1 in an artificial greenhouse in one month in the next year, continuously and selfing for multiple generations to obtain a multi-generation inbred line group, and selecting excellent inbred lines MB-nx and Ln in a flowering period and a picking period respectively;
the selection conditions of the excellent inbred line are as follows:
MB-nx has bright color, the maturing rate is higher than 90%, the heart skin number is not lower than 30, the fruit diameter is not lower than 12cm, and not less than 10 flowers per square meter;
ln has bright color, the fruit diameter is not less than 9cm, the setting percentage is not less than 50 percent, the heart skin number is not less than 20, and the flowering phase can be continued to the beginning of 11 months;
s400, hybridizing the selected excellent inbred line MB-nx and the excellent inbred line Ln by taking Ln as a female parent and MB-nx as a male parent to obtain hybrid seeds F2 generation seeds;
s500, sowing seeds of F2 generations, selecting single plant MBL-X with bright color, high maturing rate, large flower type, large fruit, maturing rate not less than 80%, heart skin number not less than 25, flowering period as long as 10 th of month and comprehensive character superior to that of parents from F2 generations of colonies
S600, backcrossing the selected MBL-X single plant serving as a female parent and the selected MB-nx serving as a male parent to obtain F3 generation hybrid seeds;
s700, sowing F3 generation hybrid seeds to obtain a breeding group, and selecting F3 generation hybrid seeds according to the selection conditions in the step S500 to obtain the breeding group; repeating the action of backcrossing with the parent MB-nX in the step S600, and carrying out continuous multi-generation backcrossing and selection to obtain MBL-nX seeds;
s800, sowing MBL-nX seeds to obtain an MBL-nX population, and screening to obtain a new appreciative and edible seed lotus variety with beautiful and flowery, high maturing rate, large fruit, long flowering phase and stable character by combining flower color, resistance and agronomic character selection.
2. The breeding method of the long-flowering ornamental-edible lotus seed variety according to claim 1, wherein the breeding method comprises the following steps: in step 300, the L species of lotus root is inbred for 3-4 generations.
3. The breeding method of the long-flowering ornamental-edible lotus seed variety according to claim 1, wherein the breeding method comprises the following steps: in step 300, the line MB lotus root hybrid F1 is self-crossed for 1-2 generations.
4. The breeding method of the long-flowering ornamental-edible lotus seed variety according to claim 1, wherein the breeding method comprises the following steps: in step 300, the L species of lotus root is self-bred for 3-4 generations.
5. The breeding method of the long-flowering and diet combined type lotus seed variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: the continuous multiple backcrossing in step 700 is 2-3 generations of backcrossing.
6. The breeding method of the long-flowering and diet combined type lotus seed variety according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the artificial pollination selfing method comprises the following steps: covering the opened flower buds with bags to isolate exogenous pollen, collecting mature pollen of another flower of the same plant on the next day, and smearing the mature pollen on the stigma of the bagged flower with a writing brush;
the artificial pollination hybridization method comprises the following steps: and (3) bagging the opened flower buds of the female parent to isolate exogenous pollen, collecting mature pollen of the male parent on the next day, and smearing the pollen on the stigma of the female parent flower by using a writing brush.
7. The breeding method of the long-flowering and diet combined type lotus seed variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lotus seed (N.nucifera.Nelumbaceae A.Space 3) strain M lotus root is space No. 3 from the institute of white lotus science in Guangchang county.
8. The breeding method of the long-flowering ornamental-edible lotus seed variety according to claim 1, wherein the breeding method comprises the following steps: the lotus seed (n.nucifera.nelumbonaceae a.jxc35) strain B is jiangchou No. 35 from the julianaceae of jiangning county of fujiangprovince.
9. The breeding method of the long-flowering and diet combined type lotus seed variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: tropical ecotype lotus (n.nucifera. nelumbonaceae a.) line L was used to breed lotus roots, which were obtained from hainan estuary and originated in thailand.
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| CN113100055A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-13 | 金华市农业科学研究院(浙江省农业机械研究院) | Breeding method of cold-resistant cut flower type water lily across subgenus Australia |
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| CN109452163A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-12 | 贵州省油料研究所 | A kind of method that ornamental type is selfed the pale reddish brown new lines initiative of high setting percentage sunflower |
| CN113100055A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-13 | 金华市农业科学研究院(浙江省农业机械研究院) | Breeding method of cold-resistant cut flower type water lily across subgenus Australia |
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