CN112841019A - Method for breeding new species of flowering Chinese cabbage - Google Patents
Method for breeding new species of flowering Chinese cabbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN112841019A CN112841019A CN202011561437.4A CN202011561437A CN112841019A CN 112841019 A CN112841019 A CN 112841019A CN 202011561437 A CN202011561437 A CN 202011561437A CN 112841019 A CN112841019 A CN 112841019A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of bolting breeding, in particular to a method for breeding a new bolting variety by using a high-tillering cabbage mutant. The method includes hybridizing the obtained high tillering cabbage mutant as female parent with excellent multi-generation selfing line rape seed material as male parent, harvesting F1 generation seed, sowing, selecting high tillering single plant in reproductive period after F1 generation seed sowing, backcrossing with excellent multi-generation selfing line male parent rape seed material, collecting seed, backcrossing with excellent multi-generation selfing line rape seed material as male parent in 4 generation, directional selection to transfer the high tillering character into rape seed material stably, so as to breed excellent high tillering rape seed and raise the yield of rape seed greatly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bolting breeding, in particular to a method for breeding a new bolting variety by using a high-tillering cabbage mutant.
Background
A flowering stalk (Brassica campestris L.ssp. chinensis var. perperea Hort.) is a Brassica brassicaceae Brassica vegetable, is a main leaf vegetable in the south of the autumn and winter, and takes the flowering stalk as a main edible organ. After the main bolt of the bolting is harvested, the side bolts generally develop from leaf axils or shortened stems at the base of plant stems, the size and the number of the side bolts determine the main economic yield of the bolting, the size and the number of the side bolts of the existing bolting variety are small and small, and the yield and the development of the bolting are severely restricted, so that the cultivation of the bolting variety with large number and strong bolting variety is one of the main directions of the current bolting breeding.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems that the existing bolting species has small size and small quantity and seriously restricts the yield of the bolting, the invention discloses a method for cultivating a new bolting species of the bolting by utilizing the obtained super-tillering Chinese cabbage mutant and transferring the super-tillering character of the Chinese cabbage mutant into the bolting through hybridization, backcrossing and multi-generation directional selective breeding.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
selecting a high tillering Chinese cabbage mutant as a female parent and selecting an excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material as a male parent, comprising the following steps of:
(1) hybridizing a high tillering Chinese cabbage mutant serving as a female parent and an excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material serving as a male parent, and harvesting seeds of the F1 generation;
(2) after the seeds of the hybrid F1 generation in the step (1) are sown, selecting the tillering single plant in the reproductive period to continue backcross with the male parent of the excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material to obtain backcross first-generation seeds BC1F 1;
(3) obtaining backcross generation seeds BC2F1 of a first hybridization generation by taking the first backcross generation BC1F1 with strong tillering property as a female parent and taking an excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material as a male parent;
(4) obtaining a first-filial generation backcross second-generation seed BC3F1 by taking a first-filial generation backcross second-generation BC2F1 with strong tillering property as a female parent and taking an excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material as a male parent;
(5) backcross four-generation seeds BC4F1 of the first filial generation are obtained by taking the backcross three-generation BC3F1 of the first filial generation with strong tillering property as a female parent and taking the excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material as a male parent;
(6) the backcross five-generation seed BC5F1 of the first filial generation is obtained by taking the first-filial generation backcross four-generation seed BC4F1 with strong tillering property as a female parent and taking the excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material as a male parent, and the BC5F1 seed is a new species of bolting seed.
Preferably, the excellent multi-generation inbred line bolt material is a bolt multi-generation inbred line material which is weak in tillering but excellent in comprehensive properties.
The present invention utilizes high tillering Chinese cabbage mutant as female parent and excellent multi-generation selfing line flower stalk material as male parent to make hybridization, after the F1 generation seed is harvested, the tillering single plant is selected in the growth period of reproduction after the F1 generation seed is seeded, and is continuously backcrossed with excellent multi-generation selfing line male parent flower stalk material, and the seeds are collected, then 4 generations all select the single plant with strong tillering property and excellent multi-generation selfing line flower stalk material as male parent to make backcrossing, and the high tillering property can be stably inherited and transferred into the flower stalk material by means of directional selection, so that the main flower stalk number and side flower stalk number of the flower stalk can be obviously raised, and the size of the side flower stalk also can be obviously raised, and the yield of the flower stalk can be directly and obviously raised.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for breeding new varieties of flowering Chinese cabbage.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of normal cabbage.
FIG. 3 is a picture of tillering.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of normal bolting.
FIG. 5 is a picture of a bolting.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The yellow flowering stalk No. 21 is from vegetable research institute in Hunan province;
materials source description of tillering Chinese cabbage: the inventor collects a local resource of loose leaf Chinese cabbage in suburb areas of Changsha county, when the local resource of the loose leaf Chinese cabbage is selfed and purified for more than 10 generations, the obtained mutant single plant, namely the high tillering Chinese cabbage material is different from the single main stem of a normal plant, a plurality of main stems are formed from partial tillering of stem base, each main stem is provided with a short stalk disc, after the material enters a reproductive growth period, each main stem can be independently extracted, and a plurality of excellent secondary side stems can grow from the short stalk position, so that the number of the secondary side stems is obviously increased compared with the number of the normal Chinese cabbage;
the excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material in the invention has weak tillering property but excellent comprehensive properties, and the bolting material is the existing normal variety.
The specific process of the technical scheme of the invention is shown in figure 1, and the obtained tillering cabbage mutant is used as a female parent and an excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material is used as a male parent to be hybridized, so that F1 generation seeds are harvested. After F1 sowing, selecting the tillering single plant in the reproductive period to continue backcross with the excellent multi-generation inbred line male parent, then selecting the single plant with strong tillering and excellent bolting material for backcross in each generation, and transferring the stable inheritance of the tillering Chinese cabbage character into the bolting material through directional selection, thereby cultivating the excellent new germplasm of the tillering Chinese cabbage, wherein the new germplasm of the tillering Chinese cabbage is planted as shown in figure 5; normal cabbage is shown in fig. 2, and super-tillering cabbage is shown in fig. 3; the normal bolting is shown in fig. 4.
A method for breeding a new bolting species specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) seeding the tillering cabbage mutant directly in the greenhouse in 2013 for 12 months, wherein the area of a cell is 3 square meters, and the seedlings are 25; directly seeding excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material in a greenhouse 2 months in 2014, wherein the area of a cell is 3 square meters, and performing final singling for 25 plants; selecting 8 tillering single plants from the tillering Chinese cabbage mutant in the 4-month flowering period of 2014 to remove stamens as female parents, selecting 8 excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material single plants which grow robustly as male parents for pollination and hybridization in the bolting, and mixing and harvesting in the seed maturation period to obtain a first-filial generation seed F1;
(2) seeding the tillering Chinese cabbage mutant directly in a greenhouse in 12 months in 2014, wherein the area of a small area is 3 square meters, and 25 seedlings are fixed; directly seeding hybrid first-generation seeds F1 in a greenhouse 2 months in 2015, wherein the area of a cell is 3 square meters, and performing final singling for 25 plants; selecting 8 tillering single plants from the tillering Chinese cabbage mutant in a flowering period of 4 months in 2015 to remove stamens as female parents, selecting 8 excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material single plants which grow robustly as male parents for pollination backcross in the bolting, and mixing and harvesting in a seed maturation period to obtain BC1F1 seeds;
(3) seeding the tillering cabbage mutant directly in the greenhouse 12 months in 2015, wherein the area of a cell is 3 square meters, and performing final singling for 25 strains; directly sowing BC1F1 seeds in a greenhouse in 2016 for 2 months, wherein the area of a cell is 3 square meters, and performing final singling for 25 plants; selecting 8 tillering single plants from the tillering Chinese cabbage mutant in a 4-month flowering period of 2016 to remove stamens as female parents, selecting 8 excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material single plants which grow robustly as male parents for pollination backcross in the bolting, and mixing and harvesting in a seed maturation period to obtain BC2F1 seeds;
(4) seeding the tillering Chinese cabbage mutant directly in a greenhouse for 12 months in 2016, wherein the area of a small area is 3 square meters, and 25 seedlings are fixed; directly seeding BC2F1 seeds in a greenhouse in 2017 for 2 months, wherein the area of a cell is 3 square meters, and performing final singling for 25 plants; selecting 8 tillering single plants from the tillering Chinese cabbage mutants in the 4-month flowering period of 2017 to remove stamens as female parents, selecting 8 excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material single plants which grow robustly as male parents for pollination backcross in the bolting, and mixing and harvesting in the seed maturation period to obtain BC3F1 seeds;
(5) seeding the tillering cabbage mutant directly in the greenhouse in 2017 for 12 months, wherein the area of a cell is 3 square meters, and the seedlings are 25; directly seeding BC3F1 seeds in a greenhouse in 2018 for 2 months, wherein the area of a cell is 3 square meters, and performing final singling for 25 plants; selecting 8 tillering single plants from the tillering Chinese cabbage mutants in the 4-month flowering period of 2018 to remove stamens as female parents, selecting 8 excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material single plants which grow robustly as male parents for pollination backcross in the bolting, and mixing and harvesting in the seed maturation period to obtain BC4F1 seeds;
(6) seeding the tillering cabbage mutant directly in the greenhouse in 2018 for 12 months, wherein the area of a cell is 3 square meters, and the seedlings are 25; directly seeding BC4F1 seeds in a greenhouse in 2019 for 2 months, wherein the area of a cell is 3 square meters, and performing final singling for 25 plants; selecting 8 tillering single plants from the tillering Chinese cabbage mutant in the 4-month flowering period of 2019 to remove stamens as female parents, selecting 8 excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material single plants which grow robustly as male parents for pollination backcross in the bolting, and obtaining BC5F1 seeds by mixed harvesting in the seed maturation period to obtain new-variety seeds of the bolting.
The sample ratio test is carried out in the test place of vegetable research institute in Hunan province, sowing seeds on 8-25 months in 2019, and the yellow flower shoots No. 21 (normal flower shoots) andthe seeds of the new species of the tillering-resistant bolting flower shoots are planted in a field by adopting a floating seedling raising mode within 9 months and 15 days, and each material is planted for 2m2Setting 6 repetitions, collecting the shoots normally and normally when the shoots are 30cm long, recording the main shoot collecting period, the main shoot number, the main shoot weight, the side shoot collecting period, the side shoot weight and the total yield data of the single plant of the new species of the yellow shoot No. 21 and the tillering bolting, and obtaining the results shown in Table 1
TABLE 1 comparison of yield of tillering-resistant bolting vegetables bolts with bolting yellow bolt No. 21 (normal bolt)
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the number of the tillering bolting site is significantly improved compared with the main bolt number No. 21 of the bolting site, and the average main bolt weight is improved by 250.9%; after the main bolt is picked, the number of the side bolts of the tillering bolting table is also improved obviously compared with the number of the side bolts of the golden bolt 21, the average side bolt weight is improved by 69.2 percent, finally, the total yield of the single plant of the tillering bolting table is improved by 304.7 percent compared with the number of the golden bolt 21, and the yield of the bolting is greatly improved.
The present invention utilizes the tillering Chinese cabbage mutant as female parent and excellent multi-generation selfing line bolt material as male parent to make hybridization, after F1 generation seed is harvested, the F1 generation seed is sowed, in the reproductive growth period of F1 generation the tillering single plant can be selected, and continuously backcrossed with excellent multi-generation selfing line male parent bolt material, and the seeds are collected, then 4 generations all select the single plant with strong tillering property and excellent multi-generation selfing line bolt material as male parent to make backcross, and the directional selection can stably and genetically transfer the tillering property into the bolt material, so that the main bolt number and side bolt number of the bolt can be obviously raised, and the size of the side bolt also can be obviously raised, and the yield of the bolt can be directly obviously raised.
Claims (2)
1. A method for selectively culturing the new variety of Chinese cabbage features that the tillering cabbage mutant is chosen as female parent and the excellent multi-generation selfing line Chinese cabbage is chosen as male parent, and includes such steps as:
(1) hybridizing a high tillering Chinese cabbage mutant serving as a female parent and an excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material serving as a male parent, and harvesting seeds of the F1 generation;
(2) after the seeds of the hybrid F1 generation in the step (1) are sown, selecting the tillering single plant in the reproductive period to continue backcross with the male parent of the excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material to obtain backcross first-generation seeds BC1F 1;
(3) obtaining backcross generation seeds BC2F1 of a first hybridization generation by taking the first backcross generation BC1F1 with strong tillering property as a female parent and taking an excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material as a male parent;
(4) obtaining a first-filial generation backcross second-generation seed BC3F1 by taking a first-filial generation backcross second-generation BC2F2 with strong tillering property as a female parent and taking an excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material as a male parent;
(5) backcross four-generation seeds BC4F1 of the first filial generation are obtained by taking the backcross three-generation BC3F1 of the first filial generation with strong tillering property as a female parent and taking the excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material as a male parent;
(6) the backcross five-generation seed BC5F1 of the first filial generation is obtained by taking the first-filial generation backcross four-generation seed BC4F1 with strong tillering property as a female parent and taking the excellent multi-generation inbred line bolting material as a male parent, and the BC5F1 seed is a new variety of bolting seeds with strong tillering property.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the superior multi-generation inbred line bolt material is a bolt multi-generation inbred line material that is poor in tillering but superior in comprehensive traits.
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| CN202011561437.4A CN112841019A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Method for breeding new species of flowering Chinese cabbage |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115669532A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-02-03 | 宁波微萌种业有限公司 | Cultivation method of safflower flowering cabbage |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115669532A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-02-03 | 宁波微萌种业有限公司 | Cultivation method of safflower flowering cabbage |
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