CN102742497A - Breeding method for yellow skin edible burdock - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a breeding method for a yellow skin edible burdock. According to the present invention, a natural wild yellow skin edible burdock is adopted as a female parent, TM2001-3 is adopted as a male parent, hybridization is performed, and then a systematic breeding method is adopted to obtain the finished product. The method of the present invention has the following advantages that: a fleshy root epidermal surface of an edible part of the resulting variety is golden yellow and smooth, root hairs are less, a beautiful outlook characteristic is provided, commodity value is high, water content is high, no hollowness is generated, yield is high, adaptability is wide, leaf area is large, and nine leaf veins exist so as to easily perform photosynthesis and absorption conversion.

Description

A kind of selection of Calusena lansium burdock

Technical field

The present invention is a field of plant breeding, particularly the producing method for seed of Calusena lansium burdock.

Background technology

Burdock another name Great Burdock Achene is feverfew, and nutritious is a kind of health vegetables.All there is wild distribution in China from northeast to southwest, import Japan before and after Christian eras 94 zero years into, and Japan, Korea S's market demand are very big at present, are ascendant trend year by year.The pre-peaceful liberation period, just there was the history of cultivation burdock in China; Really be nineteen ninety as special vegetable plantation outlet, the principal item of burdock has at present: glutinous rehmannia, white muscle greatly enhance, white muscle early life, Liu Chuan ideal etc., after these kinds are planted year after year; The edible original color and luster of part fleshy root, fragrance and nutrition are degenerated; Color of the leather is dim, and proportion reduces, and does not reach the requirement of client to quality.With a kind of color and luster of fleshy root of burdock obstructed variation of soil according to cultivation, clayed soil shows as to be talked yellowly, and see Fig. 1: the blackland in northeast shows as white, and the sandy loam of the Huanghe valley shows as brown, sees Fig. 2:

The blackland planting cost in clayed soil and northeast is higher relatively; The most general with the sandy loam plantation at present; Yet the bad image of burdock color of the leather of sandy loam plantation is attractive in appearance; Outlet, sale all receive certain influence, and the new varieties of breeding out storage endurance, output height, epidermis color and luster wide adaptability are particularly important.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, provide a kind of burdock new varieties to learn kind of a method, carry out as follows at sandy loam plantation burdock golden yellow color look, high yield storage endurance:

(1) parent cultivation, that natural wild species Calusena lansium burdock is done is woody, TM2001-3 is a male parent, and the length of male parent burdock is more than 50 centimetres; Diameter is selected fertile soil in late September more than 2.5 centimetres, uses sufficient base manure; Isolate respectively and vertically plant ground, winter is antifreeze with plastic mulching, and spring is along with temperature gos up; Burdock begins to germinate, turn green, and sends out young leaves, is suitable for the beginning of March to remove mulch film.Impose multi-elements composite fertilizer mid-March, waters big flood immediately one time, promotes the overground part growth, behind the bolting, when high 1.0 meters of tongue, pinches, and purpose is the growth that promotes branch, increases effective fruit bearing shoot number.Notice that the whole florescence will keep ground moistening, prevents arid, after spending eventually; Spray 1% urea and add 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, weekly, totally three times; Support part to replenish, prevent early ageing, diseases and pests controlling; Aphid: the whole growth phase can take place, and can select 5000 times of liquid of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder for use, or is used alternatingly with chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals; Powdery mildew: the fertility middle and later periods possibly take place, and should select 1500 times of liquid of 15% trazodone wettable powder for use, or 150 times of liquid of 30% solid lime-sulphur mixture, and per 10 days once, connects and controls 3 days; Angular leaf spot: late growth stage, the hot and humid stage takes place easily, should select 500 times of liquid of DT bactericide for use, but or 300 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin warm nature pulvis, per 7 days are once, connect to control 3 times;

(2) hybrid seeding; Beggar's buttons is seen Fig. 3: mid-June, the maternal ripe bouquet of at 4 o'clock in afternoon to 6 point selection carries out artificial emasculation, castrates and wants light, wants thoroughly; Gather the stamen of the ripe bouquet of male parent simultaneously and process pollen; The bouquet that removed male female parent was pollinated with the pollen of male parent 6 o'clock to 7 o'clock the next morning, mark is carried out to the bouquet of awarding powder in the pollination back, and isolation pocket took off in order to growth after three days on the cover;

(3) receive kind, in the last ten-days period in July, it is constantly ripe to plant ball, meets overcast and rainy causing and goes mouldy for preventing the ripe in advance ball of planting, should gather in batches, plant ball concentrate dry after, use the manual operation threshing, defect is removed in impurity elimination, shines 2 days again, fully dry back is put storage in storage,

(4) breed breeding, the F1 crossbreed to results carries out composite test then, plants F1 combination 8-September, observes record since seedling stage; Select robust plant, it is vigorous to grow, and the anti-opposite sex is strong; After the plant that vein the is many registration of listing, 7-August of next year burdock maturation, select mainly eating the part fleshy root; Select smooth surface, color and luster better, plant 10 strains of little, the anosis worm of root hair, no side shoot, make up and carry a kind, plant is observed record; Received selfed seed on the 3rd year, and with plant in carrying out the F2 kind 9-October then, further select since seedling stage; After burdock was gathered in the 4th year edible part is screened, select the 6th individual plant to keep, be the basis with this strain; Bad individual plant is eliminated in mixed planting, in population mixture, selects the fine individual plant of 10 neat and consistent to mix, and carries out the new varieties that variety test of lines promptly gets burdock; Effect: this kind eats part, and fleshy root epidermis color and luster shows as faint yellow at clayed soil, and the sandy loam in the Huanghe valley shows as golden yellow, and is smooth; The root hair is few, and is attractive in appearance, and commodity value is high; Moisture is high, the chaff heart not, and output is high; Wide adaptability, leaf area is big, and 9 of veins help photosynthesis and absorb transforming.

The Figure of description explanation

Fig. 1 epidermis is yellow burdock;

Fig. 2 epidermis is the burdock of brown;

Fig. 3 beggar's buttons

Fig. 4 production of hybrid seeds flow chart.

Claims (1)

1. the selection of a Calusena lansium burdock comprises that the parent cultivates, maternal castration, cross method; The seed collection method; It is characterized in that with natural wild Calusena lansium burdock be female parent, is that male parent has hybridization with TM2001-3, and hybridization is after the Calusena lansium burdock that the seed selection of systematic breeding method forms.

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