CN100466898C - Bitter cucurbit seed, and its bitter cucurbit cultivation production method, and pharmaceutical use - Google Patents
Bitter cucurbit seed, and its bitter cucurbit cultivation production method, and pharmaceutical use Download PDFInfo
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- CN100466898C CN100466898C CNB2005100680383A CN200510068038A CN100466898C CN 100466898 C CN100466898 C CN 100466898C CN B2005100680383 A CNB2005100680383 A CN B2005100680383A CN 200510068038 A CN200510068038 A CN 200510068038A CN 100466898 C CN100466898 C CN 100466898C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses calabash gourd seed, it culture production method and its application in preparation of medicine. Said invention can culture the edible calabash gourd, and can culture the medicinal seed. Its seed preservation number is CGMCC NO.0639. Said seed contains several alkaloids, glycoside and trace elements. Besides, said invention also provides the concrete steps of its seed treatment technique.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bitter cucurbit seed and bitter a kind of edible gourd cultivation production method thereof and the application aspect the preparation medicine.
Background technology
Gourd vegetables is various in style at present, most melon can only eating, but also do not have a kind of melon to eat, again can be medicinal.Compendium of Material Medica is released an a kind of edible gourd, bottle gourd.Bitter (flesh, son) is bitter, cold, poisonous.Cure mainly: jaundice turgor, oedema, the whole body oedema, anemophlegmatic headache, toothache, evil sore tinea leprosy, hemorrhoid gall, ear come to a head etc.A bitter a kind of edible gourd is poisonous, so normal directly edible poisoning easily, but because a bitter a kind of edible gourd has medical value, and the bitter a kind of edible gourd of discovered in recent years has good preventing and therapeutic action to diabetes, angiocardiopathy, and a bitter a kind of edible gourd wild or cultivation at present all has tangible toxicity, and the drug utilization that has influenced a bitter a kind of edible gourd is worth.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new bitter cucurbit seed and bitter a kind of edible gourd cultivation production method thereof and the application aspect the preparation medicine, draw bitter Peponidium reality by processing and cultivation method with medical value to bitter cucurbit seed, and directly edible tangible toxicity useless, the real pharmaceutical preparation that is widely used in of the bitter Peponidium that this cultivation method obtains, wherein contain multiple alkaloid, glucoside and trace element etc., the function of taking body-building for a long time.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention gathers wild bitter cucurbit seed, it is real medicinal to obtain bitter Peponidium after raising and train cultivation, and the bitter cucurbit seed of Huo Deing can be used for cultivating once more simultaneously, and the present invention cultivates the bitter cucurbit seed of acquisition, it is characterized in that: preserving number is CGMCC NO.0639, son is light yellow, lanceolar, long 16-18 millimeter, wide 7-10 millimeter, thousand kernel weight 120-200 gram, germinateing at normal temperatures is limited to 4-5 in year, and be 2-3 service life.
The present invention also provides wild bitter cucurbit seed to obtain the cultivation production method of the bitter a kind of edible gourd of avirulence and bitter cucurbit seed, may further comprise the steps: with 70-80 ℃ the wild bitter cucurbit seed of water logging, when water temperature drops to 25-30 ℃, continued bubble 4-6 hour, dry after pulling out.
Described bitter a kind of edible gourd cultivation production method, further comprising the steps of: after planting seal the seedbed, day temperature 28-32 ℃, nocturnal temperature 20-22 ℃.
Above-mentioned steps also further comprises:
Sow preceding 3-5 days, after seed is selected, be placed under the sun and shone 1-2 days, then with mud seed selection, Ti Chu Of-thin kind and viruliferous seed;
With 75-80 ℃ water seed soaking, ceaselessly stir towards a direction, drop to 25-30 ℃ to water temperature and continued bubble 4-6 hour, pull out and use flushing with clean water repeatedly, squeeze and remove excessive moisture, it is dry to kind of skin to dry in the air, and wraps with clean wet cloth and carries out vernalization; Germination temperature is 25-30 ℃, during the vernalization every day with warm water towards 1-2 time, after dry in the air to the dry vernalization again of kind of skin, 2-3 days begin to sprout, 3-4 days most of balconies of planting, long 0.5 centimetre of bud can be sowed;
The raw material of nutrition soil divides major ingredient and auxiliary material, major ingredient is one of following two kinds or mixes, and a kind of is vegetable garden soil or the beans ground surface soil of the melon and solanberry class crop of gutless mistake, another kind be the mule and horse donkey class of fully becoming thoroughly decomposed just or bacterium chaff etc., soil, excrement ratio are seed bed 6:4, transplant bed 7:3; Auxiliary material is chicken brid guano or big argol, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, 15 kilograms of every square metre of nutrition soil adding chicken brid guano or big argol, each 1 kilogram of ammonium nitrate and superphosphate or replace above-mentioned two kinds of fertilizer with 1.5 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, other adds 30 kilograms of ash or replaces ash with 1 kilo sulfuric acid potassio, mixing after auxiliary material sieves, the nutrition soil for preparing is packed in the nutritive cube, put the seedbed, watering before broadcasting runs through it.Central authorities insert a pitting at nutritive cube, the radicle of vernalization seed is vertically unfolded put into the hole, and be attached on the cliff, gather around soil from opposite side and choke bud, seal seed with the wet soil that sieves, and earthing can be about 1.5 centimetres, mu field seed 1000-1100 grain.
After planting seal the seedbed, 28-32 on daytime ℃ of temperature, 20-22 ℃ of night; The seedling back of being unearthed suitably reduces temperature, daytime 22-25,16-18 ℃ of night, be deployed into field planting preceding about 10 days from rough leaf, reduced temperature again in 7-10 days before the foot value, strengthen ventilation, carry out the seedling seedling and temper 18-22 ℃ of daytime, 10-14 ℃ of night, by the 2-3 that closes on field planting days, can also give 4-6 ℃ low temperature, when 2 true leaves of rice shoot launched, expansion can stick together seedling, make it fully accept sunlight, will beat vola water at seeding time; Take temperature control not control the growth rate and the growing way that control temperature, particularly nocturnal temperature are regulated rice shoot of passing in principle of water after emerging;
A kind of edible gourd well developed root system, it is darker to bury, and meticulous whole ground is wanted in field planting, and per hectare is executed quality fertilizer 7.5 kilograms, and the fertilising of ditching can be watered in ditch after having executed and be made moisture in the soil, and water oozes back ridging on dressing furrow, and the ridge is high 20 centimetres, plays weed killer herbicide, covering film;
Plantation density is that average seeding row spacing is 0.8 * 1 centimetre, and the dark 8-10 in cave centimetre, mu is planted seedling 835-850 strain, plants the back earthing, and Tu Tuo and ridge face maintain an equal level;
5-7 after field planting days seal temperature, nocturnal temperature are not less than 14-17 ℃, and leaf begins growth, and the slow seedling of sign finishes, can suitably reduce temperature, remain on 25-30 ℃ daytime, remain on 12-15 ℃ night, to blooming the phase of bearing fruit, remain on 25-27 ℃ daytime, remain on 15-18 ℃ night.
Water seedling recovering water after field planting water one time, in the time of climing long 30-40 centimetre, the suitably slow seedling that do not water after the climing long 30-40 centimetre restraining the growth of seedlings of plant, waters one time water in conjunction with topdressing, after melon is sat, chase after disposable fertilizer again in conjunction with watering;
Between breeding time in early spring, be in the low temperature and less sunshine stage at a bitter a kind of edible gourd, select that printing opacity is good, dedusting, nothing drip film to increase intensity of illumination, under the prerequisite that does not reduce indoor temperature, careless tongue is taken off late lid as early as possible, to prolong light application time.
The bitter Peponidium of pruning adopts continuous pinching pruning method, at main climing the 5th joint second or the 3rd first melon of female bow structure, side shoots all before the melon is extractd, and after melon, stay 2 leaves to connect, after treating the lateral bine seat melon on the melon joint, melon knot all side shoots are in addition extractd in still 2 leaf pinching after this melon, 1-2 melon of every strain knot;
Artificial pollination and stay melon: a bitter a kind of edible gourd stays second or the 3rd female flower, tie first melon, the method of staying melon is that main climing going up removed first female flower, stay later second or the 3rd female flower, on open same day during 7-10, take the male flower bloomed, its corolla is taken, smear gently on each female chapiter to be pollinated with flower pesticide, a male flower is awarded 2-3 female flower, if the male flower deficiency is smeared holder and column cap with 2-4, after female flower is inseminated by pollination, ovary begins to expand, and is sagging naturally when its carpopodium that increases weight, after formation " is bent neck ", inferior melon is sat substantially, strengthens water and fertilizer management this moment.
Gather: 3 week after the pollination of blooming are the fastest time of fruit development, and after this growth rate begins to slow down, and the growth rate of melon sees from the outside and be tending towards stopping that the fine hair on the metal surface is returned gradually, the atrophy gradually of melon handle, and bitter bottle gourd maturation can be gathered.
The bitter a kind of edible gourd that the present invention also provides described bitter cucurbit seed cultivation production method to obtain, the application that is used to prepare medicine preparation aspect.
The present invention has the following advantages:
The bitter cucurbit seed of the maturation that the inventive method obtains and bitter bottle gourd, no overt toxicity gets melon rate height, and individual big, medical value is obvious, and the back of gathering is made several formulations according to edible, pharmaceutical usage after processing, as electuary, capsule.
The present invention cultivates the bitter cucurbit seed of acquisition, and preserving number is CGMCC NO.0639, and preservation date is August 1 calendar year 2001.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The cultivation production method of bitter cucurbit seed, a bitter a kind of edible gourd
The present invention gathers wild bitter cucurbit seed, and it is real medicinal to obtain bitter Peponidium after raising and train cultivation, and the bitter cucurbit seed of Huo Deing can be used for cultivating once more simultaneously, and the present invention cultivates the bitter cucurbit seed of acquisition, and preserving number is CGMCC NO.0639, and preservation date is August 1 calendar year 2001.It is characterized in that: seed is light yellow, lanceolar, and long 16-18 millimeter, wide 7-10 millimeter, thousand kernel weight 120-200 gram, germinateing at normal temperatures is limited to 4-5 in year, and be 2-3 service life.Seedling phase and germination period need about 30 days altogether, and gathering to fruit maturation from the apparent flower bud of plant is the phase of yielding positive results, because a bitter a kind of edible gourd is to be used as medicine with ripe melon, so the result is longer, generally at 40-60 days.
Wild bitter cucurbit seed obtains the cultivation production method of the bitter a kind of edible gourd of avirulence and bitter cucurbit seed:
The present invention gathers wild bitter cucurbit seed, sows preceding 3-5 days, after the seed process is selected, be placed under the sun and shone 2 days, then with mud seed selection, Ti Chu Of-thin kind and viruliferous seed, use water seed soaking, seed is put into the basin of clean no greasy dirt, pour 80 ℃ warm water into, ceaselessly stir towards a direction, drop to 30 ℃ to water temperature and continued bubble 6 hours, pull out and use flushing with clean water repeatedly, squeeze and remove excessive moisture, it is dry to kind of skin to dry in the air, and wraps with clean wet cloth and carries out vernalization.Vernalization needs to carry out under 30 ℃ environment, and need to dash 2 times with warm water every day during the vernalization, after dry in the air to the dry vernalization again of kind of skin, 2-3 days begin to sprout, 3-4 days most of balconies of planting, long 0.5 centimetre of bud can be sowed.
The preparation of nutritive cube is with 9 * 9 centimetres of plastics nutritive cubes.
The raw material of nutrition soil divides major ingredient and auxiliary material, and major ingredient is divided into two kinds, and a kind of is vegetable garden soil or the beans ground surface soil of the melon and solanberry class crop of gutless mistake over 3 years; Another kind be the mule and horse donkey class of fully becoming thoroughly decomposed just or the bacterium chaff, soil, the excrement ratio is seed bed 6:4, transplant bed 7:3, auxiliary material is chicken brid guano or the big argol that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer and potash fertilizer, 15 kilograms of every square metre of nutrition soil need adding chicken brid guano or big argol, each 1 kilogram of ammonium nitrate and superphosphate or replace above-mentioned two kinds of fertilizer with 1.5 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, other adds 30 kilograms of ash or replaces ash with 1 kilo sulfuric acid potassio, abundant mixing after auxiliary material will sieve, the nutrition soil for preparing is packed in the nutritive cube, making it reach eighty per cant after dress is real expires, and then puts the seedbed, and watering before broadcasting runs through it.In the morning that choosing is fine, at central straight cutting one pitting of nutritive cube, the radicle of vernalization seed vertically unfolded put into the cave with little bamboo chip, and be attached on the cliff, gather around soil from opposite side and choke bud, seal seed with the wet soil that sieves, earthing is too not thick, generally about 1.5 centimetres, and 1100 of mu field kinds.
After planting seal the seedbed, 28-32 on daytime ℃ of temperature at 20-22 ℃ of night, emerged as early as possible with assurance, seedling will suitably reduce temperature after being unearthed, on 22-25 ℃ of daytime, at 16-18 ℃ of night, be deployed into field planting preceding 10 days from rough leaf, the foot value reduced temperature in preceding 10 days again, strengthen ventilation, carry out the seedling seedling and temper 18-22 ℃ of daytime, 10-14 ℃ of night, by the 2-3 that closes on field planting days, give 4-6 ℃ low temperature, when 2 true leaves of rice shoot launch, expansion can stick together seedling, make it fully accept sunlight, will beat vola water at seeding time, can open up gesture according to plant after emerging, color, weather condition in time keeps the skin wet, take temperature control not control the principle of water, under the prerequisite that satisfies rice shoot moisture, by controlling growth rate and the growing way that temperature, particularly nocturnal temperature are regulated rice shoot, make rice shoot blade viridescent, plump, healthy and strong intact, hypocotyl is short and thick, and root drives pure white, well developed root system.
Site preparation and fertilization, bitter a kind of edible gourd well developed root system, it is darker to bury, and wants meticulous whole ground before the field planting, and per hectare is executed quality fertilizer 7.5 kilograms, and the fertilising of ditching can be watered in ditch after having executed and be made moisture in the soil, and water oozes back ridging on dressing furrow, and the ridge is high 20 centimetres, plays weed killer herbicide then, covering film.
It is 0.8 * 1 centimetre that plantation density makes average seeding row spacing, and the dark 8-10 in cave centimetre, mu is planted seedling 835-850 strain, plants the back earthing, and Tu Tuo and ridge face maintain an equal level and be as the criterion.
Temperature treatment is that seal temperature is wanted in 5-7 days after field planting, improve temperature as far as possible, be that nocturnal temperature is not less than 14-17 ℃, leaf begins growth, and the slow seedling of sign finishes, can suitably reduce temperature, remain on 25-30 ℃ daytime, remain on 12-15 ℃ night, to blooming the phase of bearing fruit, remain on 25-27 ℃ daytime, remain on 15-18 ℃ night.
Water seedling recovering water one time after field planting water, in the time of climing long 30-40 centimetre, do not water, suitably slow seedling after the climing long 30-40 centimetre restraining the growth of seedlings of plant, waters one time water in conjunction with topdressing, after melon is sat, chase after disposable fertilizer again in conjunction with watering.
Illumination is between breeding time in early spring, to have longer a period of time to be in the low temperature and less sunshine stage at a bitter a kind of edible gourd, and film selects that printing opacity is good, dedusting, nothing are dripped film to increase intensity of illumination, and under the prerequisite that does not reduce indoor temperature, careless tongue is taken off late lid as early as possible, to prolong light application time.
The bitter Peponidium of pruning adopts continuous pinching pruning method, at main climing the 5th joint second or the 3rd first melon of female bow structure, side shoot all before the melon is extractd, and after melon, is stayed 2 leaves to connect, treat that lateral bine on the melon joint is sat melon after, still 2 leaf pinching after this melon, extract melon knot all side shoots in addition, every strain only allows and connects a melon, thereby guarantees the inherent quality of melon, if conditions such as light, water, temperature, nutrition all possess, can tie two melons.
Artificial pollination and stay melon, a bitter a kind of edible gourd stays second or the 3rd first melon of female bow structure, the method of staying melon is that main climing going up removed first female flower, stay later second or the 3rd female flower,, take the male flower of blooming on open same day during 7-10, its corolla is taken, smear gently on each female chapiter to be pollinated with flower pesticide, a male flower is awarded 2-3 female flower, if the male flower deficiency, smear holder and column cap with 2-4, after female flower was inseminated by pollination, ovary began to expand, when it increases weight to a certain degree, carpopodium is sagging naturally, after forming " curved neck ", inferior melon is sat substantially, strengthens water and fertilizer management this moment, if first melon energy and ground, can be on the melon underlay plank, tile to prevent high humidity, causes mashed melon or is subjected to the underground food of stinging of posting worm.
Gather generally bloom the pollination after 3 week be the fastest time of fruit development, after this growth rate begins to slow down, the growth rate of melon is seen from the outside and is tending towards stopping, fine hair on the metal surface is returned gradually, the atrophy gradually of melon handle, bitter bottle gourd maturation can be gathered, and the back of gathering processes according to edible, pharmaceutical usage.
The bitter Peponidium that this method is cultivated is real not to have tangible toxicity, with the real chip drying of bitter Peponidium, and 50 gram boiling water bubble drink 50ml, through 100 people test, age 20-65 year, the men and women half and half, takes continuously 2 months, do not have and poisons or other obvious toxic-side effects.
Embodiment 2
The cultivation production method of bitter cucurbit seed, a bitter a kind of edible gourd
Adopt the wild bitter cucurbit seed of embodiment 1, sow preceding 3 days, after the seed process is selected, be placed under the sun and shone 1 day, then with mud seed selection, Ti Chu Of-thin kind and viruliferous seed, use water seed soaking, seed is put into the basin of clean no greasy dirt, pour 75 ℃ warm water into, be stirred to water temperature and drop to 25 ℃ and continued bubble 4 hours, pull out and use flushing with clean water repeatedly, squeeze and remove excessive moisture, it is dry to kind of skin to dry in the air, and wraps with clean wet cloth and carries out vernalization.Vernalization needs to carry out under 25 ℃ environment, and dash 1 time with warm water every day during the vernalization, after dry in the air to the dry vernalization again of kind of skin, 2-3 days begin to sprout, 3-4 days most of balconies of planting, long 0.5 centimetre of bud can be sowed.
Use the plastics nutritive cube, the raw material of nutrition soil divides major ingredient and auxiliary material, and major ingredient is two kinds, and a kind of is vegetable garden soil or the beans ground surface soil of the melon and solanberry class crop of gutless mistake; Another kind be the mule and horse donkey class of fully becoming thoroughly decomposed just or the bacterium chaff, soil, the excrement ratio is seed bed 6:4, transplant bed 7:3, auxiliary material is chicken brid guano or the big argol that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer and potash fertilizer, 15 kilograms of every square metre of nutrition soil need adding chicken brid guano or big argol, each 1 kilogram of ammonium nitrate and superphosphate or replace above-mentioned two kinds of fertilizer with 1.5 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, other adds 30 kilograms of ash or replaces ash with 1 kilo sulfuric acid potassio, abundant mixing after auxiliary material will sieve, the nutrition soil for preparing is packed in the nutritive cube, making it reach eighty per cant after dress is real expires, and then puts the seedbed, and watering before broadcasting runs through it.In the morning that choosing is fine, at central straight cutting one pitting of nutritive cube, the radicle of vernalization seed vertically unfolded put into the cave with little bamboo chip, and be attached on the cliff, gather around soil from opposite side and choke bud, seal seed with the wet soil that sieves, earthing about 1.5 centimetres, 1000 in mu field seed.
After planting seal the seedbed, 28-32 on daytime ℃ of temperature at 20-22 ℃ of night, emerged as early as possible with assurance, after being unearthed, reduces seedling temperature, daytime, 22-25 at 16-18 ℃ of night, was deployed into field planting preceding about 10 days from rough leaf, the foot value reduced temperature in preceding 7-10 days again, strengthen ventilation, carry out the seedling seedling and temper 18-22 ℃ of daytime, 10-14 ℃ of night, by the 2-3 that closes on field planting days, give 4 ℃ low temperature, when 2 true leaves of rice shoot launch, expansion can stick together seedling, make it fully accept sunlight, beat vola water at seeding time, the back of emerging is according to plant exhibition gesture, color, weather condition in time keeps the skin wet, take temperature control not control the principle of water, under the prerequisite that satisfies rice shoot moisture, by controlling growth rate and the growing way that temperature, particularly nocturnal temperature are regulated rice shoot, make rice shoot blade viridescent, plump, healthy and strong intact, hypocotyl is short and thick, and root drives pure white, well developed root system.
Site preparation and fertilization, bitter a kind of edible gourd well developed root system, it is darker to bury, and wants meticulous whole ground before the field planting, and per hectare is executed quality fertilizer 7.5 kilograms, and the fertilising of ditching can be watered in ditch after having executed and be made moisture in the soil, and water oozes back ridging on dressing furrow, and the ridge is high 20 centimetres, plays weed killer herbicide then, covering film.
It is 0.8 * 1 centimetre that plantation density makes average seeding row spacing, and the dark 8-10 in cave centimetre, mu is planted seedling 835-850 strain, plants the back earthing, and Tu Tuo and ridge face maintain an equal level and be as the criterion.
Temperature treatment is 5 days seal temperatures after field planting, improves temperature, and nocturnal temperature is not less than 14-17 ℃, leaf begins growth, and the slow seedling of sign finishes, and temperature remains on 25-30 ℃ daytime, remain on 12-15 ℃ night, to blooming the phase of bearing fruit, remain on 25-27 ℃ daytime, remain on 15-18 ℃ night, daytime temperature is lower than 15 ℃ or be higher than 35 ℃, all can influence the normal development of flowers and fruits when being lower than 10-12 ℃ for a long time night, and the pollination that is unfavorable for blooming finally causes fallen flowers and changes melon.
Moisture is to water seedling recovering water after field planting water one time, in the time of climing long 30-40 centimetre, does not water, and can suitably delay seedling, after the climing long 30-40 centimetre restraining the growth of seedlings of plant, waters one time water in conjunction with topdressing, and after melon is sat, chases after disposable fertilizer again in conjunction with watering.
Illumination is between breeding time in early spring, to have longer a period of time to be in the low temperature and less sunshine stage at a bitter a kind of edible gourd, film select printing opacity good, dedusting, nothing drip film to increase intensity of illumination, under the prerequisite that does not reduce indoor temperature, careless tongue is taken off late lid as early as possible, to prolong light application time.
The bitter Peponidium of pruning adopts continuous pinching pruning method, at main climing the 5th joint second or the 3rd first melon of female bow structure, side shoot all before the melon is extractd, and after melon, is stayed 2 leaves to connect, treat that lateral bine on the melon joint is sat melon after, still 2 leaf pinching after this melon, extract melon knot all side shoots in addition, every strain only allows and connects a melon, thereby guarantees the inherent quality of melon, if conditions such as light, water, temperature, nutrition all possess, can tie two melons.
Artificial pollination and stay melon, a bitter a kind of edible gourd generally all stays second or the 3rd first melon of female bow structure, the method of staying melon is that main climing going up removed first female flower, stay later second or the 3rd female flower, on open same day during 7-10, take the male flower bloomed, its corolla is taken, on each female chapiter to be pollinated, smear gently with flower pesticide, a male flower can be awarded 2-3 female flower, after female flower was inseminated by pollination, ovary began to expand, when it increases weight to a certain degree, carpopodium is sagging naturally, after forming " curved neck ", inferior melon is sat substantially, strengthens water and fertilizer management this moment, if first melon energy and ground, can be on the melon underlay plank, tile to prevent high humidity, causes mashed melon or is subjected to the underground food of stinging of posting worm.
Gather generally bloom the pollination after 3 week be the fastest time of fruit development, after this growth rate begins to slow down, the growth rate of melon is seen from the outside and is tending towards stopping, fine hair on the metal surface is returned gradually, the atrophy gradually of melon handle, bitter bottle gourd maturation can be gathered, and the back of gathering processes according to edible, pharmaceutical usage.
The bitter Peponidium that this method is cultivated does not have tangible toxicity in fact, and the real chip drying of bitter Peponidium is ground powder, warm boiled water, each 5 grams, every day 2 times, sooner or later each once, through 50 people test, age 24-60 year, the men and women half and half, takes continuously 1 month, do not have and poisons or other obvious toxic-side effects.
Embodiment 2
Bitter a kind of edible gourd electuary and the application aspect the preparation medicine thereof
The bitter bottle gourd of embodiment 1, formulation method routinely, the dry powder that grinds is crossed 60 mesh sieves, pack, sterilization, packing gets final product.
But this electuary prevent diabetes, angiocardiopathy, especially heart disease.
Embodiment 3
Bitter a kind of edible gourd capsule and the application aspect the preparation medicine thereof
The bitter bottle gourd of embodiment 1, formulation method routinely, the dry powder that grinds is crossed 100 mesh sieves, and is encapsulated, sterilization, packing gets final product.
But this capsule prevent diabetes, angiocardiopathy, especially heart disease.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of cultivation production method of bitter cucurbit seed may further comprise the steps:
Preceding 3-5 days of sowing, seed selection;
With 75-80 ℃ water seed soaking, stir, drop to 25-30 ℃ to water temperature and continued bubble 4-6 hour, pull out and use flushing with clean water, squeeze and remove excessive moisture, it is dry to kind of skin to dry in the air, and wraps vernalization with wet cloth; Germination temperature is 25-30 ℃, during the vernalization every day with warm water towards 1-2 time, after dry in the air to the dry vernalization again of kind of skin, 2-3 days begin to sprout, 3-4 days most of balconies of planting, long 0.5 centimetre of bud can be sowed;
The raw material of nutrition soil divides major ingredient and auxiliary material, major ingredient is one of following two kinds or mixes, and a kind of is vegetable garden soil or the beans ground surface soil of the melon and solanberry class crop of gutless mistake, another kind be the mule and horse donkey class of fully becoming thoroughly decomposed just or the bacterium chaff, soil, excrement ratio are seed bed 6:4, transplant bed 7:3; Auxiliary material is chicken brid guano or big argol, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, 15 kilograms of every square metre of nutrition soil adding chicken brid guano or big argol, each 1 kilogram of ammonium nitrate and superphosphate or replace above-mentioned two kinds of fertilizer with 1.5 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, other adds 30 kilograms of ash or replaces ash with 1 kilo sulfuric acid potassio, mixing after auxiliary material sieves, the nutrition soil for preparing is packed in the nutritive cube, put the seedbed, watering before broadcasting runs through it; Central authorities insert a pitting at nutritive cube, the radicle of vernalization seed is vertically unfolded put into the hole, and be attached on the cliff, gather around soil from opposite side and choke bud, seal seed with the wet soil that sieves, mu field seed 1000-1100 grain;
After planting seal the seedbed, 28-32 on daytime ℃ of temperature, 20-22 ℃ of night; Seedling is unearthed, and the back is suitable to reduce temperature, 22-25 ℃ of daytime, 16-18 ℃ of night, be deployed into field planting preceding 10 days from rough leaf, reduced temperature again in 7-10 days before the definite value, strengthen ventilation, carry out the seedling seedling and temper 18-22 ℃ of daytime, 10-14 ℃ of night, by the 2-3 that closes on field planting days, give 4-6 ℃ low temperature, when 2 true leaves of rice shoot launch, with the seedling expansion that sticks together, make it fully accept sunlight, will beat vola water at seeding time; That takes after emerging that temperature control do not control water passes the control temperature in principle, and nocturnal temperature is regulated the growth rate and the growing way of rice shoot;
A kind of edible gourd well developed root system, it is darker to bury, and meticulous whole ground is wanted in field planting, and per hectare is executed quality fertilizer 7.5 kilograms, and the fertilising of ditching can be watered in ditch after having executed and be made moisture in the soil, and water oozes back ridging on dressing furrow, and the ridge is high 20 centimetres, plays weed killer herbicide, covering film;
Plantation density is that average seeding row spacing is 0.8 * 1 centimetre, and the dark 8-10 in cave centimetre, mu is planted seedling 835-850 strain, plants the back earthing, and Tu Tuo and ridge face maintain an equal level;
5-7 after field planting days seal temperature, nocturnal temperature are not less than 14-17 ℃, and leaf begins growth, and the slow seedling of sign finishes, temperature is suitably reduced, remain on 25-30 ℃ daytime, remain on 12-15 ℃ night, to blooming the phase of bearing fruit, remain on 25-27 ℃ daytime, remain on 15-18 ℃ night;
Water seedling recovering water after field planting water one time, in the time of climing long 30-40 centimetre, the suitably slow seedling that do not water after the climing long 30-40 centimetre restraining the growth of seedlings of plant, waters one time water in conjunction with topdressing, after melon is sat, chase after disposable fertilizer again in conjunction with watering;
Between breeding time in early spring, be in the low temperature and less sunshine stage at a bitter a kind of edible gourd, select that printing opacity is good, dedusting, nothing drip film to increase intensity of illumination, under the prerequisite that does not reduce indoor temperature, careless tongue is early taken off late lid, to prolong light application time;
The bitter Peponidium of pruning adopts continuous pinching pruning method, at main climing the 5th joint second or the 3rd first melon of female bow structure, side shoots all before the melon is extractd, and after melon, stay 2 leaves to connect, after treating the lateral bine seat melon on the melon joint, melon knot all side shoots are in addition extractd in still 2 leaf pinching after this melon, 1-2 melon of every strain knot;
Artificial pollination and stay melon: a bitter a kind of edible gourd stays second or the 3rd female flower, tie first melon, the method of staying melon is that main climing going up removed first female flower, stay later second or the 3rd female flower, on open same day during 7-10, take the male flower bloomed, its corolla is taken, smeared gently on each female chapiter to be pollinated with flower pesticide, a male flower is awarded 2-3 female flower, after female flower is inseminated by pollination, ovary begins to expand, and is sagging naturally when its carpopodium that increases weight, after formation " is bent neck ", inferior melon is sat substantially, strengthens water and fertilizer management this moment;
Gather: 3 week after the pollination of blooming are the fastest time of fruit development, and after this growth rate begins to slow down, and the growth rate of melon sees from the outside and be tending towards stopping that the fine hair on the metal surface is returned gradually, the atrophy gradually of melon handle, and bitter bottle gourd maturation can be gathered.
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