CN110573712B - 用于识别皮带打滑的方法 - Google Patents
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- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
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- F16H7/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
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- F16H2007/0865—Pulleys
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- F16H7/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
- F16H7/08—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
- F16H2007/0876—Control or adjustment of actuators
- F16H2007/0885—Control or adjustment of actuators the tension being a function of engine running condition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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- F16H7/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
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- F16H2007/0889—Path of movement of the finally actuated member
- F16H2007/0891—Linear path
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H7/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
- F16H7/08—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
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Abstract
本发明提出一种用于识别驱动内燃机的发电机的皮带传动装置的皮带打滑的方法,皮带传动装置具有可以操作方式调节的皮带张紧器(5),皮带张紧器根据已知的皮带打滑调节皮带(4)的预紧力,其中,‑在曲轴的m·360°的角度窗口(11)期间检测曲轴的转速曲线,并且由该转速曲线形成曲轴转速的平均值(14),‑在时间上与曲轴的转速曲线检测无关地,在发电机轴的n·ü‑1·360°的角度窗口(12)期间检测发电机轴的转速曲线,并且由该转速曲线形成发电机轴转速的平均值(15),‑检查曲轴转速的平均值和发电机轴转速的平均值之间的转速比是否在理论范围内,‑在转速比位于理论范围外的情况下,调节皮带张紧器,‑并且其中,m和n是实数,且ü是曲轴皮带盘(1)和发电机皮带盘(2)之间的传动比。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于识别驱动内燃机的发电机的皮带传动装置的皮带打滑的方法,皮带传动装置的皮带缠绕布置在内燃机的曲轴上的曲轴皮带盘和布置在发电机的发电机轴上的发电机皮带盘,并且皮带传动装置具有可以以操作方式调节的皮带张紧器,皮带张紧器根据已知的皮带打滑调节皮带的预紧力。
背景技术
在内燃机的辅助设备-皮带传动装置中参与皮带起停功能的发电机在内燃机的起动或增压运行中作为可驱动的发动机运行,其起动内燃机或以额外驱动的扭矩辅助内燃机。在动力回收运行模式下,发电机能够吸收制动能量。由于相比于无电动机模式运行的发电机的运行性能,起动机发电机具有高扭矩负载和强交变力矩,可能会发生不允许的高的皮带打滑。如由EP 2 491 235 B1已知,这可以通过可主动调节的皮带张紧器和对皮带打滑进行调控来防止。为了识别出皮带打滑,在此使用曲轴和发电机轴之间的转速差。若转速差高于理论值,则通过调节皮带张紧器提高皮带预紧。
然而,在一方面,如果曲轴和发电机轴的两个转速信号在时间上彼此独立地被检测且进行处理,以及在另一方面,如果转速的变化趋势如在具有曲轴转速的高度不均匀性的内燃机的情况下不均匀地波动,那么调控的精确性则可能不足。因为此时基于在不同时间点检测且进行比较的当前转速值而形成的转速差导致相比于实际的皮带打滑失真的结果。尤其对于内燃机和发电机是在单独的且时间上相位偏移的异步作业的控制设备中对转速信号彼此独立地进行检测,其中,这些控制设备下面简称为发动机ECU以及发电机ECU。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,提供开头所述类型的用于识别皮带打滑的方法,该方法具有皮带打滑识别的较高的精确性。
该目的的实现方案如下:
-在曲轴的m·360°的角度窗口期间检测曲轴的转速曲线,并且由该转速曲线形成曲轴转速的平均值,
-在时间上与曲轴的转速曲线检测无关地,在发电机轴的n·ü-1·360°的角度窗口期间检测发电机轴的转速曲线,并且由该转速曲线形成发电机轴转速的平均值,
-检查曲轴转速的平均值和发电机轴转速的平均值之间的转速比是否在理论范围内,
-在转速比位于理论范围外的情况下,调节皮带张紧器,
-并且其中,m和n是实数,且ü是在曲轴皮带盘和发电机皮带盘之间的传动比。
由于分别在一个或多个也可非整数倍的曲轴转数或发电机转数的时间上检测在曲轴上和发电机上的单独的转速信息、并且形成平均值、并且将平均转速转换为比例,所以在处理转速信息时出现的相移不再重要。形成平均值理解为所有已知的使得借此形成平均值的计算方法。典型的平均值是算术、几何和二次平均值。
数字m和n优选是自然数且尤其优选相等,其中,他们在四冲程发动机的一般情况下为m=n=2。
转速比不仅是指商,而且还指转换成比例的转速的差或数学上的等价关系。
附图说明
从下面的说明和附图中得到本发明的其他特征。其中示出:
图1示出了具有起动发电机的内燃机的辅助设备-皮带传动装置的示意图,
图2示出了根据本发明识别在根据图1的皮带传动装置中皮带打滑的主要部分。
具体实施方式
在图1示出的辅助设备-皮带传动装置包括布置在内燃机的曲轴上的曲轴皮带盘1、布置在构造成起动发电机的发电机的发电机轴上的发电机皮带盘2、作为另一辅助设备的空调压缩机的皮带盘3、缠绕皮带盘1、2和3的皮带4以及可调节的皮带张紧器5,皮带张紧器包括根据皮带打滑以操作方式调节皮带4的预紧的致动器6。皮带张紧器5在对应于曲轴皮带盘1上绘出的沿顺时针的转动方向的发电机回行段中张紧皮带4。在曲轴皮带盘1和发电机皮带盘2之间的传动比为ü且在此为1/3.5。
曲轴转速由曲轴传感器来检测并且作为信号被输送至操控内燃机的发动机ECU7。发电机轴转速由发电机轴传感器、在此由发电机的霍尔传感器来检测并且作为信号被输送至操控发电机的发电机ECU 8。皮带张紧器5通过皮带张紧器ECU 9操控。发动机ECU 7、发电机ECU 8和皮带张紧器ECU 9彼此经由数据总线系统通信,数据总线系统在此为CAN总线10。
图2示出了曲轴和发电机轴随时间波动的转速曲线,如其通常用于具有曲轴的较高的旋转不均匀性的现代内燃机的情况。曲轴传感器在曲轴转动一整圈的角度窗口11、即曲轴的360°角、简称KW期间检测曲轴的转速曲线。发电机轴传感器检测发电机轴在角度窗口12期间的转速曲线,该角度窗口在时间上相应于所检测的曲轴角度窗口,并且由于传动比包括发电机轴的1·ü-1=3.5圈,即发电机轴的1260°,简称GW。两个角度窗口11和12的相互错位13相应于发电机ECU 8和发动机ECU 7的前面提及的相移,该相移在转角值不同的情况下作为参考,且因此作为在时间上错开的转速值而引起在曲轴和发电机轴之间的错误评估的转速差。
由检测到的曲轴和发电机轴的转速曲线在发动机ECU 7中形成曲轴转速的平均值14或在发电机ECU 8中形成发电机轴转速的平均值15。平均值14、15作为信号经由CAN总线传输给皮带张紧器ECU 9,其中,经由CAN总线10的传输可伴随有额外的未知的信号相移。
皮带张紧器ECU 9确定在曲轴转速的平均值14和发电机轴转速的平均值15之间的转速比并且检查:该转速比在预设理论范围内或外。在皮带打滑的情况下,转速比位于理论范围外,然后皮带张紧器ECU 9操控皮带张紧器5的致动器6,以提高皮带预紧力。
替代的或可选的方法步骤:
-在皮带张紧器ECU 9外、例如通过发动机ECU 7或通过发电机ECU 8检查曲轴转速的平均值14和发电机轴转速的平均值15之间的转速比
-检测曲轴和发电机轴在预定时间段的转速曲线并且对其积分,且分别积分成曲轴的转角和发电机轴的转角
-检查曲轴角度和发电机轴角度之间的转角比例是否在理论范围内
-在具有发电机的、没有电动机式的起动机/增压运行的辅助设备-皮带传动装置中应用该方法。
Claims (5)
1.用于识别驱动内燃机的发电机的皮带传动装置的皮带打滑的方法,所述皮带传动装置的皮带(4)缠绕布置在所述内燃机的曲轴上的曲轴皮带盘(1)和布置在所述发电机的发电机轴上的发电机皮带盘(2),并且所述皮带传动装置具有能以操作方式调节的皮带张紧器(5),所述皮带张紧器根据已知的皮带打滑调节所述皮带(4)的预紧力,其中,
-在所述曲轴的m·360°的角度窗口(11)期间检测所述曲轴的转速曲线,并且由所述转速曲线形成曲轴转速的平均值(14),
-在时间上与所述曲轴的转速曲线检测无关地,在所述发电机轴的n·ü-1·360°的角度窗口(12)期间检测所述发电机轴的转速曲线,并且由所述转速曲线形成发电机轴转速的平均值(15),
-检查所述曲轴转速的平均值(14)和所述发电机轴转速的平均值(15)之间的转速比是否在理论范围内,
-在所述转速比位于所述理论范围外的情况下,调节所述皮带张紧器,
-并且其中,m和n是实数,且ü是所述曲轴皮带盘(1)和所述发电机皮带盘(2)之间的传动比。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,m和n是自然数。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,对于m和n适用:m=n=2。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,通过发动机ECU(7)操控所述内燃机,通过发电机ECU(8)操控所述发电机,且通过皮带张紧器ECU(9)操控所述皮带张紧器(5),其中,所述发动机ECU(7)、所述发电机ECU(8)和所述皮带张紧器ECU(9)经由数据总线系统彼此通信。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述曲轴转速的平均值(14)通过所述发动机ECU(7)形成,且所述发电机轴转速的平均值(15)通过所述发电机ECU(8)形成,其中,所述皮带张紧器ECU(9)形成所述曲轴转速的平均值(14)和所述发电机轴转速的平均值(15)之间的转速比,检查所述转速比是否位于所述理论范围内,且在所述转速比位于所述理论范围外的情况下,操控所述皮带张紧器(5),以便对其进行调节。
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CN111426471B (zh) * | 2020-04-17 | 2022-04-19 | 浙江省三门县王中王电机焊接设备有限公司 | 一种节能环保型橡胶传动带自动疲劳寿命试验机 |
CN112431102B (zh) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-04-12 | 三一汽车制造有限公司 | 铣刨机传动检测系统、铣刨机和铣刨机传动检测方法 |
CN112555405B (zh) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-06-28 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 诊断前端轮系的皮带打滑的方法、前端轮系及发动机 |
CN112781902A (zh) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-11 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 冷却塔检测方法、装置及系统 |
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2017
- 2017-05-11 DE DE102017110192.6A patent/DE102017110192B3/de active Active
-
2018
- 2018-04-10 WO PCT/DE2018/100325 patent/WO2018206035A1/de active Application Filing
- 2018-04-10 US US16/610,945 patent/US11220956B2/en active Active
- 2018-04-10 CN CN201880028361.3A patent/CN110573712B/zh active Active
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CN110573712A (zh) | 2019-12-13 |
DE102017110192B3 (de) | 2018-10-31 |
WO2018206035A1 (de) | 2018-11-15 |
US20200056536A1 (en) | 2020-02-20 |
US11220956B2 (en) | 2022-01-11 |
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