CN110546192A - 减振吸音发泡体的制造方法 - Google Patents

减振吸音发泡体的制造方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN110546192A
CN110546192A CN201880025209.XA CN201880025209A CN110546192A CN 110546192 A CN110546192 A CN 110546192A CN 201880025209 A CN201880025209 A CN 201880025209A CN 110546192 A CN110546192 A CN 110546192A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
foam
vibration
fine particles
sound
producing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN201880025209.XA
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
伊东邦夫
日比野委茂
可知孝启
浅井伸介
村谷圭市
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Technological Co Ltd
Sumitomo Riko Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Technological Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Technological Co Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Technological Co Ltd
Publication of CN110546192A publication Critical patent/CN110546192A/zh
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B29C67/20—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 for porous or cellular articles, e.g. of foam plastics, coarse-pored
    • B29C67/202—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 for porous or cellular articles, e.g. of foam plastics, coarse-pored comprising elimination of a solid or a liquid ingredient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/3442—Mixing, kneading or conveying the foamable material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/56—After-treatment of articles, e.g. for altering the shape
    • B29C44/5627—After-treatment of articles, e.g. for altering the shape by mechanical deformation, e.g. crushing, embossing, stretching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/16—Catalysts
    • C08G18/18—Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof
    • C08G18/1833—Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof having ether, acetal, or orthoester groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/16—Catalysts
    • C08G18/18—Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof
    • C08G18/20—Heterocyclic amines; Salts thereof
    • C08G18/2081—Heterocyclic amines; Salts thereof containing at least two non-condensed heterocyclic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C08G18/4829—Polyethers containing at least three hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
    • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
    • C08G18/7607—Compounds of C08G18/7614 and of C08G18/7657
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
    • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
    • C08G18/7614—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
    • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
    • C08G18/7614—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring
    • C08G18/7621—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring being toluene diisocyanate including isomer mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
    • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
    • C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
    • C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
    • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
    • C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
    • C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
    • C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/009—Use of pretreated compounding ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/125—Water, e.g. hydrated salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/26—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/36—After-treatment
    • C08J9/38—Destruction of cell membranes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/08—Metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/40—Glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/16—Solid spheres
    • C08K7/18—Solid spheres inorganic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
    • C08L75/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/165—Particles in a matrix
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0001—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular acoustical properties
    • B29K2995/0002—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular acoustical properties insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/0091—Damping, energy absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0008—Foam properties flexible
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2350/00—Acoustic or vibration damping material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
    • C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
    • C08J2201/046—Elimination of a polymeric phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2323/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2423/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2475/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2475/04—Polyurethanes
    • C08J2475/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/08—Metals
    • C08K2003/0856—Iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/002—Physical properties
    • C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

通过依次进行下述的[I]～[III]中所示的工序来制造由发泡体和微粒子所构成的减振吸音发泡体，所述微粒子被内含于上述发泡体内以在上述发泡体内构成铃铛状结构。由此，能够良好地制造能够实现振动对策和声音对策的兼顾、且能够进行针对从低频到高频的大频宽的声音的对策的减振吸音发泡体。工序[I]：制造表面由能够通过水以及溶剂中的至少一方的液体而溶出的涂层材料进行涂布后的微粒子的工序。工序[II]：将上述涂布后的微粒子混合在发泡体的材料中并由其混合物制造发泡体的工序。工序[III]：将上述发泡体浸渍在水以及溶剂中的至少一方的液体中并通过上述液体来溶出去除上述发泡体内的微粒子的涂层的工序。

Description

减振吸音发泡体的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种减振吸音发泡体的制造方法，具体而言涉及用作住宅用减振吸音发泡体、汽车用减振吸音发泡体、OA设备用减振吸音发泡体、铁路用减振吸音发泡体、道路/桥梁用减振吸音发泡体等的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法。
背景技术
以往，在住宅建筑物中，上下楼层的声音的传递被视为问题而受到关注。在住宅建筑物中被视为问题而受到关注的声音由于其产生源涉及多方面，因此难以通过一个构件来进行针对所有声音的对策。因此，通常情况下，目标是为减少各频带声音而兼用特制的构件来实施针对整个可听区域的对策。例如，在10～1000Hz的低频区域，由于基于吸音材料的声音减少效果较低，因此主要实施振动对策，而在1000Hz以上的高频区域，则实施基于吸音材料、隔音材料的声音对策。
作为上述振动对策，具体而言有(1)提高主体的刚性、(2)增加混凝土等的重量、(3)设置不传递振动的防振橡胶、(4)安装减振材料等。
另一方面，作为上述的基于吸音材料、隔音材料的减少声音对策，具体而言有(1)贴附隔音片、(2)设置声音封闭箱、(3)布设玻璃棉等。
而且，通常，通过进行基于上述各构件的组合的、振动对策和声音对策来进行在住宅建筑物中的对策。
不过，近年来，作为进行上述那样的振动对策和声音对策双方的构件，提出有具备在内部具有多个独立空孔、且该空孔内包含能独立运动的无机微粒子的铃状结构的隔音板(参照专利文献1以及专利文献2)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本专利第2818862号公报
专利文献2：日本特开2006-335918号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的问题
具有上述那样的铃铛状结构的隔音板通过由上述空孔内的无机微粒子的振动、碰撞所带来的减振效果(冲击阻尼效果)、由构成隔音板的树脂等因上述无机微粒子的重量而发生变形所带来的减振效果(配重阻尼效果)，能够获得一定的减振效果。另外，通过将上述隔音板制成发泡体，也能够获得一定的吸音效果。因此，公认具有上述那样的铃铛状结构的隔音板作为进行振动对策和声音对策双方的构件而发挥了一定的效果。
然而，在上述专利文献1、2中，由于上述铃铛状结构的形成是通过在无机微粒子表面涂布发泡剂后，将该无机微粒子混合到作为隔音板材料的树脂中，进而使上述无机微粒子表面的发泡剂进行发泡而制成的，因此难以调整铃铛状结构中的空孔径。因此，在其制造方法中，难以形成均匀的铃铛状结构，从而会对实现振动对策和声音对策的兼顾造成阻碍。
另一方面，由于仅单纯地通过在发泡体的材料中混合无机微粒子而无法很好地形成上述那样的铃铛状结构，因此难以利用该方法来实现所期望的振动对策和声音对策的兼顾。
本发明是鉴于这样的情况而完成的，提供能够良好地制造减振吸音发泡体的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法，所述减振吸音发泡体能够实现振动对策和声音对策的兼顾，且能够进行针对从低频到高频的大频宽的声音的对策。
用于解决问题的手段
本发明的要旨为一种减振吸音发泡体的制造方法，其是由发泡体和微粒子所构成的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法，所述微粒子被内含于上述发泡体内以在上述发泡体内构成铃铛状结构，所述减振吸音发泡体的制造方法的特征在于，依次具备下述的[I]～[III]所示的工序，
工序[I]：制造表面由能够通过水以及溶剂中的至少一方的液体而溶出的涂层材料进行涂布后的微粒子的工序；
工序[II]：将上述涂布后的微粒子混合在发泡体的材料中并由其混合物制造发泡体的工序；以及
工序[III]：将上述发泡体浸渍在水以及溶剂中的至少一方的液体中并通过上述液体来溶出去除上述发泡体内的微粒子的涂层的工序。
本发明人为了解决上述问题而反复进行了潜心研究。在该研究的过程中，本发明人得到了如下见解，即，若为了在发泡体内构成铃铛状结构而将微粒子内含于上述发泡体内并且均匀地形成上述铃铛状结构，则使振动对策和声音对策的兼顾变得良好。而且，本发明人潜心研究了能够良好地制造具有那样的铃铛状结构的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法。其结果是，想到了如下方法，即制造表面由能够通过水等液体而溶出的材料(能够溶出的橡胶、树脂、离子性无机材料等)进行涂布后的微粒子，并将该微粒子混合到上述发泡体的材料中来制造发泡体后，将上述发泡体浸渍在水等液体中，一边适当地对上述发泡体反复进行压缩，一边溶出去除上述发泡体内的微粒子的涂层。本发明人发现，通过规定上述微粒子的粒径以及规定涂施在上述微粒子表面的涂层的厚度，从而像这样得到的减振吸音发泡体容易具备均匀的铃铛状结构，其结果是，能够达成预期的目的。
发明效果
如此，本发明的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法具备制造表面由能够通过水等液体而溶出的材料进行涂布后的微粒子的工序(工序[I])、将上述涂布后的微粒子混合在发泡体的材料中并由其混合物制造发泡体的工序(工序[II])、以及将上述发泡体浸渍在水等液体中并通过上述液体来溶出去除上述发泡体内的微粒子的涂层的工序(工序[III])。因此，能够良好地制造发泡体内具备均匀的铃铛状结构、能够实现振动对策和声音对策的兼顾、并且能够进行针对从低频到高频的大频宽的声音的对策的减振吸音发泡体。
特别是，若作为上述发泡体的材料而使用醚系聚氨酯以及酯系聚氨酯中的至少一者，则能够更良好地制造进行振动对策和声音对策双方的减振吸音发泡体。
另外，若作为上述微粒子而使用从由金属微粒子、树脂微粒子以及无机微粒子所构成的群组中选出的至少一者，则能够更良好地制造进行振动对策和声音对策双方的减振吸音发泡体。
进一步地，若作为上述液体而使用水，则能够更良好地制造进行振动对策和声音对策双方的减振吸音发泡体。
另外，若作为上述涂层材料而使用从由能够通过水以及溶剂中的至少一方的液体而溶出的橡胶、树脂以及离子性无机材料所构成的群组中选出的至少一者，则能够更良好地制造进行振动对策和声音对策双方的减振吸音发泡体。
若在上述工序[II]和上述工序[III]之间增加在上述发泡体表面喷吹空气而进行破碎的工序，则会使发泡体表面容易出现向上述铃铛状结构连通的连通通道的入口，进而能够更顺利地进行上述工序[III]。
另外，若通过在液体内反复进行上述发泡体的压缩来进行上述工序[III]，则能够更顺利地进行上述工序[III]。
附图说明
图1是示意性的表示本发明所涉及的减振吸音发泡体中的铃铛状结构的说明图。
图2是本发明所涉及的减振吸音发泡体样品剖面的扫描式电子显微镜(SEM)照片，且是在发泡体内形成铃铛状结构的微粒子的照片。
具体实施方式
接下来，详细说明本发明的实施方式。
本发明的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法具备：制造表面由能够通过水以及溶剂中的至少一方的液体而溶出的涂层材料进行涂布后的微粒子的工序(工序[I])；将上述涂布后的微粒子混合在发泡体的材料中并由其混合物制造发泡体的工序(工序[II])；以及将上述发泡体浸渍在水以及溶剂中的至少一方的液体中并通过上述液体来溶出去除上述发泡体内的微粒子的涂层的工序(工序[III])。因此，能够良好地制造发泡体内具备均匀的铃铛状结构、能够实现振动对策和声音对策的兼顾、并且能够进行针对从低频到高频的大频宽的声音的对策的减振吸音发泡体。此外，从振动对策和声音对策的兼顾的观点出发，如上述那样得到的减振吸音发泡体比起构成独立空孔中内含微粒子的铃铛状结构，而优选为构成具有与发泡体表面连通的连通通道的铃铛状结构。另外，从有效地进行上述工序[III]的观点出发，也优选为构成具有与发泡体表面连通的连通通道的铃铛状结构。
此外，示意性地表示上述减振吸音发泡体中的铃铛状结构，如图1所示，在图中，附图标记1表示发泡体，附图标记1a表示发泡体表面，附图标记1b、1c表示单元，附图标记2表示微粒子。另外，例如可以通过利用扫描式电子显微镜(SEM)对上述减振吸音发泡体剖面的观察来进行对这样的铃铛状结构的识别。图2是本发明所涉及的减振吸音发泡体剖面的实际的扫描式电子显微镜(日立公司制造、SEMEDX TYPE N、倍率：100倍)照片。在图2中，根据发泡体中形成有与通常的发泡单元形状不同且以溶出的微粒子的涂层的形状形成的孔，能够确认通过上述溶出而形成了发泡体内包含微粒子的铃铛状结构。
作为图1所示的发泡体1内的单元，存在构成内含微粒子2的铃铛状结构的单元(单元1b)、以及不内含微粒子2的单元(单元1c)。其中，不内含微粒子2的单元1c是主要由发泡体1本身的发泡而形成的单元，内含微粒子2的单元1b是主要通过溶出去除微粒子2的涂层而形成的单元。而且，如图1所示的那样，内含微粒子2的单元1b形成为与发泡体表面1a连通(具有连通通道)。此外，单元1b向发泡体表面1a进行连通的模式有：(1)单元1b直接连接于发泡体表面1a的情况；(2)单元1b经由单元1c而连接于发泡体表面1a的情况；以及(3)对发泡体1反复进行压缩从而使单元间相连、或者对发泡体表面1a喷吹空气从而进行破碎来形成连通通道的情况。通过规定上述微粒子2的粒径的规定以及规定涂施在上述微粒子2表面的涂层的厚度，能够使上述铃铛状结构形成均匀的铃铛状结构。
而且，通过如图1所示的铃铛状结构发挥由该铃铛状结构内的微粒子2的振动、碰撞所带来的减振效果(冲击阻尼效果)、由发泡体1因上述微粒子2的重量而发生变形所带来的减振效果(配重阻尼效果)，能够提高减振效果。进一步地，由于上述铃铛状结构中的单元1b、其他单元1c连通于发泡体1表面，因此还能够提高吸音效果。
从进行振动对策和声音对策双方的观点出发，本发明所涉及的减振吸音发泡体中的、发泡体1与微粒子2的重量比率优选为微粒子2的重量/发泡体1的重量＝0.1～200。另外，从上述观点出发，单元1b的单元径优选为50μm～5000μm，更优选为100μm～800μm的范围，上述单元1c的单元径优选为50μm～1000μm，更优选为100μm～800μm的范围。此外，上述单元径为从相应的气泡中自较大的气泡起依次采集20个左右的样本而算出的该气泡径的平均值，而针对椭圆的气泡，将其最长直径与最短直径之和除以2而得的值来作为上述气泡径。
接下来，依次对本发明的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法中的各工序进行说明。
＜工序[I]＞
上述工序[I]是制造表面由能够通过水以及溶剂中的至少一方的液体而溶出的涂层材料进行涂布后的微粒子的工序。上述溶剂是指如下溶剂：环己烷、正己烷、甲苯、二甲苯等烃系溶剂；甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、环己醇等醇系溶剂；丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮、环己酮等酮系溶剂；乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸异丁酯、乙酸戊酯、丙二醇单乙醚乙酸酯、乙二醇单乙醚乙酸酯等酯系溶剂；丙二醇单甲醚、溶纤剂、丁基溶纤剂、四氢呋喃(THF)等醚系溶剂；二甲基甲酰胺等酰胺系溶剂。
另外，作为上述涂层材料例如可举出能够通过水以及溶剂中的至少一方的液体而溶出的橡胶、树脂、离子性无机材料等。它们可以单独使用或者两种以上并用。作为上述那样的橡胶，具体而言可举出天然橡胶、丁苯橡胶、异戊二烯橡胶、丁二烯橡胶、氯丁橡胶、丙烯腈丁二烯橡胶、丁基橡胶、乙丙橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶、聚氨酯橡胶、硅橡胶、氟橡胶、丙烯酸橡胶、表氯醇橡胶、氯磺化聚乙烯、氯化聚乙烯等。另外，作为上述那样的树脂，具体而言可举出丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂、氟树脂、聚酯树脂、硅树脂、聚碳酸酯树脂、聚酰胺树脂、尼龙树脂、聚醚酯酰胺、氯乙烯、偏二氯乙烯、聚乙烯醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚苯乙烯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚树脂(ABS)、聚异丁烯树脂、酚醛树脂等。另外，作为上述那样的离子性无机材料，具体而言可举出氯化钠、硫酸钠、硝酸钠等。另外，作为除此以外的涂层材料，例如可举出纤维素、蔗糖、蛋白质、淀粉类、肽类、聚酚醛类等。此外，上述涂层材料是否能够溶出取决于与所使用的液体的组合。
而且，作为上述微粒子，可以单独使用或两种以上并用金属微粒子、树脂微粒子以及无机微粒子等。作为上述金属微粒子而使用由铁、锌、不锈钢、铝、铜、银等构成的微粒子。作为上述树脂微粒子而使用：由聚丙烯、聚乙烯、丙烯酸、聚氨酯、聚酰胺(尼龙)、三聚氰胺等构成的微粒子；氟树脂微粒子；苯乙烯橡胶微粒子。作为上述无机微粒子而使用：玻璃、锆石、氧化锆、碳化硅、二氧化硅、以及氧化镁、碳酸钙；由氧化钛、氧化锌等金属氧化物构成的微粒子。作为除此以外的微粒子而使用核桃壳粉碎物等植物性微粒子。在上述微粒子中，从耐锈蚀性、高比重的观点出发，优选由不锈钢构成的微粒子、玻璃珠。
另外，从减振吸音性的观点出发，上述微粒子的比重优选为0.9～12，更优选为2～8。进一步地，从减振吸音性的观点出发，上述微粒子的粒径优选为10μm～5000μm，更优选为100μm～1000μm。此外，上述粒径表示基于粒径解析-激光衍射/散射法(JIS Z 8825)的中位径。另外，后述的实施例中使用的粒子的粒径也是通过相同的方法测定的。
而且，例如在粉体用的造粒机中投入上述微粒子、和涂层材料(适当地以水等液体进行了稀释的材料)，搅拌而混合均匀，进而在烘箱中进行干燥，由此进行对上述微粒子的涂布。而且，通过以研钵等对如这样得到的造粒物进行粉碎，并使其通过规定的孔径的筛来使粒径齐整，能够得到涂布后的微粒子。而且，在如这样得到的微粒子中，从更良好地制造进行振动对策和声音对策双方的减振吸音发泡体的观点出发，其涂层的厚度优选为1μm～1000μm，更优选为10μm～500μm。另外，从良好地制造涂施了这样的厚度的涂层的微粒子的观点出发，优选将涂层材料中的树脂成分等的体积和微粒子的体积设为树脂成分等的体积/微粒子的体积＝1～10的范围。
＜工序[II]＞
上述工序[II]是将上述涂布后的微粒子混合在发泡体的材料中并由其混合物制造发泡体的工序。作为上述发泡体的聚合物材料，可以举出聚醚聚氨酯、聚酯聚氨酯、天然橡胶、氯丁橡胶、乙丙橡胶、丁腈橡胶、硅橡胶、丁苯橡胶、聚苯乙烯、聚烯烃、酚醛树脂、聚氯乙烯、脲醛树脂、聚酰亚胺、三聚氰胺树脂等。它们可以单独使用或两种以上并用。其中，从能够更良好地制造能够较多地形成向发泡体表面连通的连通通道、并进行振动对策和声音对策双方的减振吸音发泡体的观点出发，优选使用醚系聚氨酯、酯系聚氨酯。
作为上述聚氨酯，若使用其NCO指数为0.8～1.5的聚氨酯，则能够更良好地制造减振吸音性能优异的减振吸音发泡体。
此外，在上述发泡体的材料中，例如在是聚氨酯的情况下，除了其多元醇成分、异氰酸酯成分以外，根据需要还配合有水等发泡剂、扩链剂、催化剂、稳泡剂、防水解剂、阻燃剂、降粘剂、稳定剂、填充剂、交联剂、着色剂等。
另外，虽然可以通过加热由对上述发泡体的材料进行混炼等而成的产物而获得上述发泡体，但是由于当在制造上述发泡体时进行模具成形的情况下会在上述发泡体表面形成表皮层，因此有时发泡体表面并不出现与上述铃铛状结构相连的连通通道的入口。在这样的情况下，通过在上述发泡体表面喷吹空气来进行破碎，会使发泡体表面容易出现向上述铃铛状结构连通的连通通道的入口，从而能够更顺利地进行下述的工序[III]。
＜工序[III]＞
上述工序[III]是将上述发泡体浸渍在水以及溶剂中的至少一方的液体中并通过上述液体来溶出去除上述发泡体内的微粒子的涂层的工序。作为上述溶剂，可以举出：环己烷、正己烷、甲苯、二甲苯等烃系溶剂；甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、环己醇等醇系溶剂；丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮、环己酮等酮系溶剂；乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸异丁酯、乙酸戊酯、丙二醇单乙醚乙酸酯、乙二醇单乙醚乙酸酯等酯系溶剂；丙二醇单甲醚、溶纤剂、丁基溶纤剂、四氢呋喃(THF)等醚系溶剂；二甲基甲酰胺等酰胺系溶剂等。它们可以单独使用或者两种以上并用。另外，若作为上述液体而使用水，则能够良好地制造进行振动对策和声音对策双方的减振吸音发泡体，因此优选。进一步地，若通过在液体内反复进行上述发泡体的压缩来进行上述那样的溶出去除工序，则能够顺利地进行上述溶出去除工序，因此为优选。进一步地，若在液体内反复进行上述发泡体的压缩，则单元间变得容易连接，从而能够期待在吸音性能方面变得更加优异的效果。
对如上述那样完成了微粒子的涂层的溶出去除后的发泡体进行适当干燥，由此能够得到作为目标的减振吸音发泡体(参照图1)。
如上述那样得到的减振吸音发泡体适合用作为住宅用减振吸音发泡体、OA设备用减振吸音发泡体、铁路用减振吸音发泡体、道路/桥梁用减振吸音发泡体等。
【实施例】
接下来，结合对比例来对实施例进行说明。其中，本发明只要不超出其要旨就不受上述实施例限定。
首先，准备聚乙烯粒子(住友精化公司制造、CL2507、粒径180μm、比重0.9)、玻璃珠(尤尼吉可公司制造、UB-1618LNM、粒径600μm、比重2.5)、球状不锈钢粒子(新东工业公司制造、SUS50B、粒径300μm、比重7.9)。接下来，以下述表1所示的比例在粉体用的造粒机(川田公司制造、SUPERMIXER SMV10B)中投入上述准备的粒子的任意一者、水溶性树脂(东丽公司制造、AQ尼龙T-70、固含量50％)、以及离子交换水，搅拌10分钟而混合均匀后，在烘箱中以110℃干燥两小时。以研钵粉碎如这样得到的造粒物，并使其通过孔径700μm的筛来使粒径齐整，由此制备树脂包覆造粒粒子A～C。此外，下述的表1所示的比例是调整为树脂包覆造粒粒子A～C的任意一者都满足水溶性树脂体积/粒子体积＝2后的比例(即，调整为包覆有粒子体积的2倍量的水溶性树脂后的比例)。
【表1】
(重量份)
A B C
聚乙烯粒子 100 - -
玻璃珠 - 100 -
球状不锈钢粒子 - - 100
水溶性树脂 450 150 50
离子交换水 230 80 25
接下来，准备下述所示的材料来作为发泡体材料。
〔多元醇〕
聚醚多元醇(GL3000、三洋化成公司制造)。
〔稳泡剂〕
SRX274DL，道康宁东丽公司制造。
〔发泡剂〕
离子交换水。
〔催化剂(1)〕
TEDA L33，东曹公司制造。
〔催化剂(2)〕
TOYOCAT ET，东曹公司制造。
〔异氰酸酯(TDI)〕
Coronate T80，东曹公司制造。
〔异氰酸酯(MDI)〕
Millionate MR200，东曹公司制造。
[实施例1]
事先预混合100重量份的多元醇、2重量份的稳泡剂、1.6重量份的发泡剂、0.5重量份的催化剂(1)、以及0.1重量份的催化剂(2)。在其中投入118重量份的树脂包覆造粒粒子A、19.29重量份的异氰酸酯(TDI)、以及9.65重量份的异氰酸酯(MDI)，搅拌并注模后，以80℃进行热处理20分钟，由此使聚氨酯发泡固化。之后，进行脱模，在得到的发泡体的表面喷吹空气而进行破碎，由此得到作为目标的、发泡倍率为10倍的发泡体(尺寸：40mm×160mm×厚度30mm)。
[实施例2]
替代树脂包覆造粒粒子A而使用147重量份的树脂包覆造粒粒子B。除此以外与实施例1相同地从而得到发泡倍率为10倍的发泡体。
[实施例3]
替代树脂包覆造粒粒子A而使用240重量份的树脂包覆造粒粒子C。除此以外与实施例1相同地从而得到发泡倍率为10倍的发泡体。
[对比例1]
未配合树脂包覆造粒粒子A。除此以外与实施例1相同地得到发泡倍率为10倍的发泡体。
一边将如这样得到的实施例以及对比例的发泡体浸渍在水中，一边反复进行上述发泡体的压缩。之后，将使上述发泡体在烘箱中干燥60℃×12小时而得的发泡体作为样品。
依据下述的基准对如这样得到的实施例以及对比例的样品进行各特性的评估。将其结果一并表示在后述的表2中。此外，表中的“粒子重量/聚氨酯重量”为由配合比率算出粒子的重量并将其与聚氨酯重量进行比较而得的数值。
《振动量》
固定40mm×220mm×厚度1.2mm的铁板的一侧端部，在非固定侧安装市售的加速度计。然后，在将上述样品贴附于上述铁板后，进行锤击以对铁板形成一定的力，进而测定加速度计的振动频率为400Hz、800Hz时的振动量(dB)。
《吸音率》
将上述样品冲裁成直径30mm、厚度20mm的圆筒状，进而依据JIS A 1405(2007)对其测定500Hz、1000Hz、2000Hz的透过吸音率(％)。
【表2】
从上述表的结果来看，与对比例的样品相比，实施例的样品的振动量较低，吸音率较高。因此，可知实施例的样品能够实现振动对策和声音对策的兼顾，且能够进行针对从低频到高频的大频宽的声音的对策。此外，尽管此处对振动和声音分别进行了测定，且在500Hz的吸音率中，实施例的样品与对比例的样品之间并无大的差异，但是实际上确认到若如实施例这样，则500Hz的声音对策能够通过振动对策成立。
此外，通过扫描式电子显微镜(日立公司制造、SEMEDX TYPE N、倍率：100倍)观察实施例的样品的剖面而确认到在去除了发泡体内的粒子的涂层的状态下发泡体内有多个铃铛状结构(参照图2)。另外，确认到上述铃铛状结构的空孔径反映了该材料中所使用的树脂包覆造粒粒子的粒径，且上述铃铛状结构向样品表面连通。
进一步地，对实施例的样品的剖面拍摄扫描式电子显微镜照片，从未形成上述铃铛状结构的气泡中自大的气泡起依次采集20个气泡样本，算出所述气泡径的平均值来作为发泡单元径，从而得出任一样品的发泡单元径都为400μm～500μm。此外，在测定上述气泡径时，针对椭圆的气泡，将其最长直径与最短直径之和除以2而得的值来作为上述气泡径。
此外，在上述实施例中示出了本发明中的具体方式，但是上述实施例仅是单纯的示例，不作限定性的解释。可想而知，对本领域技术人员而言显而易见的各种变形均在本发明的范围内。
【工业实用性】
本发明的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法适合于用作住宅用减振吸音发泡体、汽车用减振吸音发泡体、OA设备用减振吸音发泡体、铁路用减振吸音发泡体、道路/桥梁用减振吸音发泡体等的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法。
附图标记说明
1：发泡体；
1a：发泡体表面；
1b、1c：单元；
2：微粒子。

Claims (7)

1.一种减振吸音发泡体的制造方法，其是由发泡体和微粒子所构成的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法，所述微粒子被内含于上述发泡体内以在上述发泡体内构成铃铛状结构，所述减振吸音发泡体的制造方法的特征在于，依次具备下述的[I]～[III]所示的工序，
工序[I]：制造表面由能够通过水以及溶剂中的至少一方的液体而溶出的涂层材料进行涂布后的微粒子的工序；
工序[II]：将上述涂布后的微粒子混合在发泡体的材料中并由其混合物制造发泡体的工序；以及
工序[III]：将上述发泡体浸渍在水以及溶剂中的至少一方的液体中并通过上述液体来溶出去除上述发泡体内的微粒子的涂层的工序。
2.根据权利要求1所述的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法，其中，作为上述发泡体的材料而使用醚系聚氨酯以及酯系聚氨酯中的至少一者。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法，其中，作为上述微粒子而使用从由金属微粒子、树脂微粒子以及无机微粒子所构成的群组中选出的至少一者。
4.根据权利要求1～3中任一项所述的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法，其中，作为上述液体而使用水。
5.根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法，其中，作为上述涂层材料而使用从由能够通过水以及溶剂中的至少一方的液体而溶出的橡胶、树脂以及离子性无机材料所构成的群组中选出的至少一者。
6.根据权利要求1～5中任一项所述的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法，其中，在上述工序[II]和上述工序[III]之间增加在上述发泡体表面喷吹空气而进行破碎的工序。
7.根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的减振吸音发泡体的制造方法，其中，通过在液体内反复进行上述发泡体的压缩来进行上述工序[III]。
CN201880025209.XA 2017-12-27 2018-12-25 减振吸音发泡体的制造方法 Withdrawn CN110546192A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017-250735 2017-12-27
JP2017250735A JP2019116546A (ja) 2017-12-27 2017-12-27 制振吸音発泡体の製造方法
PCT/JP2018/047541 WO2019131622A1 (ja) 2017-12-27 2018-12-25 制振吸音発泡体の製造方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110546192A true CN110546192A (zh) 2019-12-06

Family

ID=67067544

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201880025209.XA Withdrawn CN110546192A (zh) 2017-12-27 2018-12-25 减振吸音发泡体的制造方法

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20200005754A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2019116546A (zh)
CN (1) CN110546192A (zh)
WO (1) WO2019131622A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115210308A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2022-10-18 日东电工株式会社 复合材料

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230131295A1 (en) * 2020-03-31 2023-04-27 Nitto Denko Corporation Composite material

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4061701A (en) * 1972-12-20 1977-12-06 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Manufacture of soft and resilient foams
JPH04228949A (ja) * 1990-12-27 1992-08-18 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd 制振材料及びその製造方法
JP2006335917A (ja) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-14 Toyota Motor Corp 成形体、防音材料及びその製造方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57123942A (en) * 1981-01-22 1982-08-02 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Manufacture of microporous metallic body having cellular structure
JPH10287764A (ja) * 1997-04-11 1998-10-27 Shin Etsu Polymer Co Ltd 高分子多孔質体およびその製造方法
JP5057701B2 (ja) * 2006-05-30 2012-10-24 フタムラ化学株式会社 封入物を有する連通多孔構造体の製法
JP2008255222A (ja) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-23 Teijin Engineering Ltd 成形体およびその製造方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4061701A (en) * 1972-12-20 1977-12-06 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Manufacture of soft and resilient foams
JPH04228949A (ja) * 1990-12-27 1992-08-18 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd 制振材料及びその製造方法
JP2006335917A (ja) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-14 Toyota Motor Corp 成形体、防音材料及びその製造方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115210308A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2022-10-18 日东电工株式会社 复合材料

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20200005754A1 (en) 2020-01-02
JP2019116546A (ja) 2019-07-18
WO2019131622A1 (ja) 2019-07-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5538556B2 (ja) 微小中空球を含有する樹脂発泡体
Rastegar et al. Sound-absorbing porous materials: a review on polyurethane-based foams
CN110546192A (zh) 减振吸音发泡体的制造方法
JP3040117B2 (ja) 電気伝導性発泡体を生成させる方法
JP4167673B2 (ja) 膜状吸音構造
EP1158035B1 (en) Acrylic sol for a sound insulating underbody coating
US20150376324A1 (en) Polyurethane foam and production method for the same
EP3375813A1 (en) Flame retardant particle, manufacturing method therefor, and flame retardant styrofoam using same
WO2008075604A1 (ja) 有機減衰材料
JP2014520920A (ja) 発泡系遮断材における吸音の改善
Sung et al. Morphological, acoustical, and physical properties of free-rising polyurethane foams depending on the flow directions
JP2006335917A (ja) 成形体、防音材料及びその製造方法
JP4465023B2 (ja) 有機減衰材料
US20120156469A1 (en) Process for producing flameproof (rigid) pur spray forms
JPH11256720A (ja) 吸音材
JP2006335918A (ja) 樹脂組成物、塗料組成物、塗膜、及び塗膜形成方法
WO2019131623A1 (ja) 制振吸音発泡体の製造方法
WO2020003593A1 (ja) 吸音材
JP4549917B2 (ja) ポリウレタン発泡体からなる止水材
CN205448075U (zh) 压缩机组件、室外机及空调器
EP3360127B1 (en) Spray applied sound barrier compositions over absorption materials
JP2000294978A (ja) 不燃性電波・音波吸収体
JP5768034B2 (ja) 銅スラグに発泡ウレタン層を形成した被覆粒状体の製造方法
JP2005331562A (ja) 遮音壁
DE202008003522U1 (de) Schalldämmstoff

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WW01 Invention patent application withdrawn after publication
WW01 Invention patent application withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20191206