CN110352877A - A kind of method of the full season artificial propagation of Micropterus salmoides - Google Patents
A kind of method of the full season artificial propagation of Micropterus salmoides Download PDFInfo
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- CN110352877A CN110352877A CN201910790640.XA CN201910790640A CN110352877A CN 110352877 A CN110352877 A CN 110352877A CN 201910790640 A CN201910790640 A CN 201910790640A CN 110352877 A CN110352877 A CN 110352877A
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- 241001125889 Micropterus salmoides Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000026109 gonad development Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ORTYMGHCFWKXHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethadione Chemical compound CCC1(CC)COC(=O)NC1=O ORTYMGHCFWKXHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003675 diethadione Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000006 pectoral fin Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000723298 Dicentrarchus labrax Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000276618 Perciformes Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000269817 Centrarchidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001596950 Larimichthys crocea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001125875 Micropterus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000269800 Percidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000010824 fish disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of the full season artificial propagation of Micropterus salmoides, it selection including perch parent and puts in a suitable place to breed, low temperature stimulation, parent population reinforced cultivating, heating stimulation gonad development, injection of hormone and Seedling production and etc., the present invention carries out the non-breeding season artificial breeding under manual control condition to Micropterus salmoides for the first time, breach the limitation that can only be bred in spring in the past, realize the full season breeding of perch, the method of the present invention can control Micropterus salmoides seed output and adult fish Time To Market, alleviate because of market indigestion caused by concentrating listing, the problems such as selling price is low, the present invention breaches season and temperature limiting, large size seedling seed is provided in cultivation season, shorten Culture Techniques of Micropterws Salmoides and deposits the pool time, it solves the problems, such as to deposit the old mouth fish susceptible disease in the pool for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a kind of method of the full season artificial propagation of Micropterus salmoides.
Technical background
Micropterus salmoides (Micropterus salmoides) also known as largemouth bass, big mouth perch belong to Perciformes
(Perciformes), Sunfishes (Centrarchide), snakeheaded fish category (Micropterus), originates in the Mississippi of North America
River valley is that one kind is Fresh & Tender in Texture, full of nutrition, premunition is strong, grows rapidly high-quality carnivorous freshwater fish, there is " fresh water
The laudatory title of yellow croaker " has been introduced to countries in the world and has been cultivated.After introducing the country from nineteen eighty-three, researchers are just to big mouth
Sea bass has carried out further investigation, and in the success of artificial propagation in 1985.With the continuous improvement and promotion efficiency of cultural technique
It increases, the annual output of Micropterus salmoides is in obvious ascendant trend, and market demand also obviously increases, good market prospect, industry
Development potentiality and space are larger.
Micropterus salmoides spawning season is the 2-7 month, and April is spawning period, is mainly spring breeding in conventional production practices.
With the development of fish production and the change of production model, being only now far from satisfying fish production in spring breeding fry is needed
It wants, and will lead to marketable fish in same time breeding and concentrate listing, cause Micropterus salmoides on the low side.In addition, single cropping section is raw
The aquaculture cost that can also increase raiser is produced, while also increasing the risk that old mouth fish disease rate is promoted, therefore according to market need
It asks and carries out full season Micropterus salmoides fish breeding work, help to break through the limitation that Micropterus salmoides can only breed in spring, be big
Mouthful sea bass gradually moves towards full season artificial propagation and accumulates experience, to meet Micropterus salmoides in fish production the needs of.
Summary of the invention
Present invention mainly solves the problem of be to provide the method for full season artificial propagation of Micropterus salmoides a kind of, this method can
Breaking Micropterus salmoides can only keep its whole year fertile in the limitation that spring breeds to control the breeding time of seed, to meet
Demand of the market in Micropterus salmoides yield.
Technical solution
A kind of method of the full season artificial propagation of Micropterus salmoides, includes the following steps:
(1) selection of perch parent and put in a suitable place to breed: picking individual is physical strong, without sick and wounded Micropterus salmoides in 0.6kg or more
As perch parent；Prepare parent fish pond, parent fish pond is equipped with culvert system and water temperature control system, and parent population bottom of pond portion is equipped with micropore
Perch parent is put into parent fish pond by ooxygenation facility, and breeding density is 1.0~1.2kg/m3；
(2) low temperature stimulation: perch parent rests two days later in parent fish pond, using cooling down-rising again-by the way of cooling down again gradually
Water temperature is reduced, until stopping cooling down and keeping the temperature when water temperature is down to 16 DEG C；
(3) parent population reinforced cultivating: parent fish pond nurturing period, overall process are fed using fresh fish or chilled trash fish, are fed
Amount is that fish weighs 5%~10%, is fed daily 2 times；
(4) heating stimulation gonad development: after water temperature reaches 16 DEG C, 15 days is kept the temperature, water temperature is stepped up, to stimulate California
Perch sexual gland starting development, until stopping heating up and keeping the temperature when being warming up to 25 DEG C；
(5) injection of hormone: after being warming up to 25 DEG C, continue reinforced cultivating 15 days, then carry out injection of hormone, injection system is
The injection of pectoral fin root, raun dosage are 5 mg/kg of dioxone, and HCG1000 units/kg, milter injection volume halves；
(6) Seedling production: after injection of hormone, female milter being put in a suitable place to breed in spawning pond with the ratio of 1:1, density be 1 pair/
Square metre, spawning pond arranges that palm piece as fish nest, can lay eggs for 3~5 days, and palm piece progress seed is collected after laying eggs and is incubated
Change, obtains Micropterus salmoides seedling.
Further, in step (2), it is described using cool down-rising again-method of water temperature is gradually reduced by the way of cooling down again are as follows:
Cooling is since 7 points of morning, and cooling front and back water temperature difference is no more than after 3 DEG C, 2 DEG C of temperature recovery every time, continues to cool down, together
When, daily average temperature fall is controlled no more than 2 DEG C.Such as: 30 DEG C of water temperature before cooling down, continuous cooling to water temperature reaches 27
DEG C when stop cooling；When water temperature is restored to 29 DEG C, cool down again, until then stopping cooling down when water temperature is down to 26 DEG C；It is returned to water temperature
When rising to 28 DEG C, cool down again, when water temperature is down to 25 DEG C, then rises again, then cool down again, and so on, until water temperature
It is down to 16 DEG C.
Further, in step (2), the micro-pore oxygenation facility of parent population bottom of pond portion is opened during reducing water temperature simultaneously, it can
It is sufficiently mixed water, stress reaction caused by reducing because of water temperature delamination.
Further, in step (4), water temperature ramp-up rate is daily 1 DEG C.
Further, in step (6), when hatching, 22-25 DEG C of water temperature is controlled.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the present invention for the first time to Micropterus salmoides carry out manual control under condition non-breeding season artificial breeding, breach with
Toward the limitation that can only be bred in spring, the full season breeding of perch is realized.
2, the present invention can control Micropterus salmoides seed output and adult fish Time To Market, alleviate because of city caused by concentrating listing
Indigestion, the problems such as selling price is low.
3, the present invention can break through season and temperature limiting, provides large size seedling seed in cultivation season, shortens Micropterus salmoides
The pool time is cultivated and deposited, solves the problems, such as to deposit the old mouth fish susceptible disease in the pool for a long time.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific example, the present invention is further elaborated, makes feature and advantage of the invention more can be by this field
Technical staff understands.The design parameter being related in example is that should not be construed as protecting the present invention needed for inventive technique scheme
The limitation of range.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of the full season artificial propagation of Micropterus salmoides, includes the following steps:
(1) it the selection of perch parent and puts in a suitable place to breed: at the beginning of 7 months, selecting 400 tails from Sihong height and cross thousand mu of ecological perches cultivation bases
Physical strong, the individual big, Micropterus salmoides that body colour is good, not damaged, disease-free on ground is as perch parent, parent population average weight
0.7kg, until being put in a suitable place to breed in the parent fish pond of 4, the base Nanjing Inst. of Aquatic Products Science Lu Kou, average each parent fish pond is put in a suitable place to breed close
Spend 1.0kg/m3.Parent fish pond using both cooling and heating air can cold (heat) water dispenser progress water temperature control, equipped with into draining and be circulated throughout
Filter system, parent population bottom of pond portion are equipped with using Roots blower as gas source, rubber nano Guan Weiqi micro-pore oxygenation facilities；
(2) low temperature stimulation: perch parent rests two days in parent fish pond, after parent population shakes down using cool down-rise again-
The mode to cool down again gradually reduces water temperature, and cooling system is the cold and hot double purpose blower of outer rotor shaft stream, breeds water temperature 31 at this time
DEG C, 7 points of morning start to cool down, and blower cryogenic temperature is first arranged to 29 DEG C, observes thermometer at regular intervals, when water temperature drops
When to 29 DEG C, kept for one day, second by temperature setting at 27 DEG C, water temperature is reduced by 2 DEG C by the same manner, and parent population goes out during cooling
Stress reaction is showed, has stopped cooling at this time, continued to cool down after parent population is stablized, last water temperature has reached 16 DEG C, stops cooling simultaneously
Heat preservation；
(3) parent population reinforced cultivating: parent fish pond nurturing period, overall process are fed using chilled trash fish, and feeding volume is fish
Weigh 7%, feed 2 times, respectively morning 8:00~9:00 daily, afternoon 5:00 or so；
(4) heating stimulation gonad development: after water temperature reaches 16 DEG C, 15 days is kept the temperature, water temperature is stepped up, increases 1 daily
DEG C, to stimulate largemouth bass sexual gland to start development, until stopping heating up and keeping the temperature continuing parent's reinforcing training when being warming up to 25 DEG C
It educates, bait is based on chilled fish block；
(5) injection of hormone: after being warming up to 25 DEG C, continuing reinforced cultivating 15 days, and largemouth bass gonad development is gradually mature at this time,
Male and female can be told, then carry out injection of hormone, injection system is the injection of pectoral fin root, raun dosage be 5 milligrams of dioxone/
Kilogram, HCG1000 units/kg, the two is mixed and made into injection and is injected, and milter injection volume halves；Injection process is kept
Fish body is clean, while to hold fish body, prevents fish injured during struggle, injection needle carries out adequate disinfection；
(6) Seedling production: after injection of hormone, female milter being put in a suitable place to breed in spawning pond with the ratio of 1:1, density be 1 pair/
Square metre, spawning pond arranges that palm piece as fish nest, can lay eggs for 3~5 days, and palm piece progress seed is collected after laying eggs and is incubated
Change, after 36~72 hours, obtains Micropterus salmoides seedling, in the present embodiment, hatchability of fertile eggs 95%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of the full season artificial propagation of Micropterus salmoides, includes the following steps:
(1) it the selection of perch parent and puts in a suitable place to breed: " excellent perch No. 3 " of the perch parental source in Jiangsu Shuai Feng group from numerous self-fertile
Parents, the parent population as breeding is physical strong, without disease, scar and deformity.Parent population average weight 0.74kg/ tail, to parent
After fish reaches breeding specification, Shuai Feng group seed breeding workshop is transported to from Gaochun little Hua bridge culture pond mouth with transportation of live fish bucket
Parent population breeding pond temporarily supported, breeding density 1.0kg/m3, keep continuing oxygenation during temporarily supporting, and pulled out in time because of transport
Stress, disease, dead fish caused by the reasons such as disease.
(2) low temperature stimulation: perch parent rests two days later in parent fish pond, using cooling down-rising again-by the way of cooling down again gradually
Reduce water temperature, specific practice are as follows: cooling processing is first carried out to water using freezing machine, starts to cool down 7 points of morning, reduces by 2 DEG C daily,
It keeps Current Temperatures constant when temperature drops to required temperature, reduces by 2 DEG C again in the same way on the original basis within second day, such as
This is repeated, and stops cooling when water temperature is dropped to 16 DEG C, and keep temperature-resistant.
(3) parent population reinforced cultivating: parent fish pond nurturing period, overall process are fed using chilled trash fish, and feeding volume is fish
The 7%~8% of weight, feeds 2 times, respectively 8:00 in morning or so daily, and 4:00 or so, fed half an hour after and fished out in time afternoon
Out not by the residual fish block of feeding, prevents from deteriorating water quality, during which observe the situation of parent population at any time；
(4) heating stimulation gonad development: under 16 DEG C of water temperatures, continuing reinforced cultivating 15 days, during which keeps chilled miscellaneous
Fish feeds abundance, starts to heat up with daily 1 DEG C after 15 days, until being warming up to 25 DEG C, and continues reinforced cultivating.
(5) injection of hormone: after reinforced cultivating 15 days, start to carry out injection of hormone, injection system is the injection of pectoral fin root, female
Fish dosage is 5 mg/kg of dioxone, and HCG1000 units/kg, the two is mixed and made into injection and injected, milter injection
Amount halves；
(6) Seedling production: after injection of hormone, female milter being put in a suitable place to breed in spawning pond with the ratio of 1:1, density be 1 pair/
Square metre, spawning pond arranges that palm piece and cobblestone block as fertilized eggs attachment, obtain Micropterus salmoides seedling after spawning and hatching,
When hatching, water temperature is controlled at 22-25 DEG C.In the present embodiment, hatchability of fertile eggs 90%.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method of the full season artificial propagation of Micropterus salmoides, which comprises the steps of:
(1) selection of perch parent and put in a suitable place to breed: picking individual is physical strong, without sick and wounded Micropterus salmoides conduct in 0.6kg or more
Perch parent；Prepare parent fish pond, parent fish pond is equipped with culvert system and water temperature control system, and parent population bottom of pond portion is equipped with micro-pore oxygenation
Perch parent is put into parent fish pond by facility, and breeding density is 1.0~1.2kg/m3；
(2) low temperature stimulation: perch parent rests two days later in parent fish pond, and using cooling down ,-rising again-gradually reduces by the way of cooling down again
Water temperature, until stopping cooling down and keeping the temperature when water temperature is down to 16 DEG C；
(3) parent population reinforced cultivating: parent fish pond nurturing period, overall process are fed using fresh fish or chilled trash fish, and feeding volume is
The 5%~10% of fish weight is fed 2 times daily；
(4) heating stimulation gonad development: after water temperature reaches 16 DEG C, 15 days is kept the temperature, water temperature is stepped up, to stimulate largemouth bass
Gland starting development, until stopping heating up and keeping the temperature when being warming up to 25 DEG C；
(5) injection of hormone: after being warming up to 25 DEG C, injection of hormone is carried out after continuing reinforced cultivating 15 days, injection system is pectoral fin root
Portion's injection, raun dosage are 5 mg/kg of dioxone, and HCG1000 units/kg, milter injection volume halves；
(6) Seedling production: after injection of hormone, female milter being put in a suitable place to breed in spawning pond with the ratio of 1:1, and density is 1 pair/square
Rice, spawning pond arrange that palm piece as fish nest, can lay eggs for 3~5 days, palm piece are collected after laying eggs and carries out hatching, is obtained
To Micropterus salmoides seedling.
2. the method for the full season artificial propagation of Micropterus salmoides as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to adopt in step (2)
With cooling down ,-rising again-mode to cool down again gradually reduces water temperature, method particularly includes: cooling cools down every time since 7 points of morning
Water temperature difference in front and back is no more than after 3 DEG C, 2 DEG C of temperature recovery, continues to cool down, meanwhile, control daily average temperature fall
No more than 2 DEG C.
3. the method for the full season artificial propagation of Micropterus salmoides as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), reduce water
The micro-pore oxygenation facility of parent population bottom of pond portion is opened in the process of temperature simultaneously.
4. the method for the full season artificial propagation of Micropterus salmoides as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4), water temperature liter
It is at high speed daily 1 DEG C.
5. the method for the full season artificial propagation of the Micropterus salmoides as described in any one of Claims 1-4, which is characterized in that step (6)
In, when hatching, control 22-25 DEG C of water temperature.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN110800655A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-02-18 | 苏州金澄福渔业科技有限公司 | Indoor factory full-season breeding method for micropterus salmoides |
| CN112219758A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-15 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Method for controlling sexual maturity of siganus oramin |
| CN112640819A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-04-13 | 邵龙均 | Breeding method of pollution-free fresh water weever |
| CN112741024A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-04 | 华中农业大学 | Out-of-season micropterus salmoides breeding and large-scale fry breeding method |
| CN113693001A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-11-26 | 苏州澳聚生物科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating cold-resistant seedlings of red crayfish |
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