CN105746406B - A method of control fancy carp is bred in annual random time - Google Patents
A method of control fancy carp is bred in annual random time Download PDFInfo
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- CN105746406B CN105746406B CN201610179519.XA CN201610179519A CN105746406B CN 105746406 B CN105746406 B CN 105746406B CN 201610179519 A CN201610179519 A CN 201610179519A CN 105746406 B CN105746406 B CN 105746406B
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- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000026109 gonad development Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000002196 ecbolic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000252210 Cyprinidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002149 gonad Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000130 stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001671870 Carpiodes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032823 cell division Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012173 estrus Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000019100 sperm motility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method for being bred in annual random time of control fancy carp, the method includes：Select fancy carp parent population, parent population sexual gland is set to enter dormant state to establish in " the quick response fancy carp parent population library " that can call at any time to 12 DEG C~15 DEG C by reducing water temperature, the process of water temperature was improved by 10~15 days makes water temperature rise to 25~26 DEG C to make parent population sexual gland revive, and then carries out artificial propagation.The method of the present invention has the characteristics that the simple easy to implement, technically reliable of technical operation flow, accurate, the applicable region of time control is wide, applicable object is expansible.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of control fancy carp breeding, and in particular to a kind of control fancy carp is numerous in annual random time
The method grown.
Background technology
Fancy carp (Cryprinus carpiod) English name Koi carp, are biologically belonging to Cyprinidae
(Cyprinidae) carp category (Cryprinus) belongs to same biological species with common carp, has similar biological property
And habit.Fancy carp has become global fancy fishes at present, and is occupied an important position in fancy fishes.International outlook in recent years
It is in great demand to appreciate fish market, development is swift and violent, and fancy carp is one of China's cultured area and the maximum ornamental fish kind of the output value, year production and marketing
Scale has reached 2,000,000,000 yuan~3,000,000,000 yuan of level, accounts for 1/3 or so of national ornamental fish industry size.Due to fancy carp have it is very high
Economic value is also required to more deeply and comprehensively, and since fancy carp is used frequently as fish basic research the research of fancy carp
Material, therefore random time has the demand to fancy carp fertilized eggs and fry.But fancy carp belongs to annually Type of Spawning,
At the beginning of its natural propagation season concentrates on spring to summer, other seasons will not breed substantially, in the case of manual intervention, winter
It can also be controlled by temperature and realize artificial propagation, but in addition to this period at the beginning of winter to summer, even if the manually control of other seasons
Temperature processed, the successful probability of artificial propagation are also very small.
The above-mentioned breeding regulation Producing reason of fancy carp is its gonad development and periodically variable physiology rule.Female
The gonad of fancy carp --- ovary is reached maturity in autumn end to the winter of birth second year, is full of interim section of IV in ovary at this time
Ovum, in addition also a small amount of III phases ovum, the egg cell of II phases and I phases, in winter, 15 DEG C of water temperature or less will for this state
It is always maintained at, when spring water temperature rises to 15 DEG C or more, ovary is revived from " suspend mode " state, (is suitble to attached in milter, breeding fish nest
The object of other similar forms in the object of the fish fertilized egg, such as water plant, tree root and water body), flow, go up to water temperature
Under the stimulations of conditions such as induction, the ovum of interim section of IV can be developed to IV end of term section, fish rapidly in 1 day to several days in ovary
Body surface reveals estrus behavior, then ovulates.The ovary after ovum was produced, the IV phases ovum of non-output will inactivate, the object in ovum
Matter is absorbed by fish body, and then, the III phases, egg cell below germinated, and egg mother cell division growth, by 2 months or so
Time ovary reenters the IV phases (state i.e. based on IV phase ovums).The gonad of male fancy carp --- spermary is in birth the
2 years middle and later periods in autumn reached maturity, and were full of sperm in spermary at this time, from now on, general in spermary to have ripe essence
Son exist, but its number, vigor can with breeding activity, nutrition condition, water temperature and it is different because milter ejaculation after, spermary
It is sperm that interior spermatoblast need to be developed through a few days, and sperm mother cell needs longer time splitting to be proliferated, and supplements the essence of consumption
Daughter cell.When 30 DEG C of water temperature or more, sperm motility declines, in spermary the development of each phase cell also stagnate, 35 DEG C of water temperature or more,
Sperm loses activity.Guild stimulation spermary lays in sperm under water temperature, and when 15 DEG C of water temperature or less, a large amount of sperm is laid in spermary,
And it is always maintained at this state.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention in order to meet the needs of the unconventional time is to fancy carp fertilized eggs and fry, and provide
A method of control fancy carp is bred in annual random time, can be when arbitrary by the method in the case that prepared
Between fancy carp fertilized eggs and fry are provided.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution taken：A method of control fancy carp is bred in annual random time,
It the described method comprises the following steps：
(1), parent population is selected：Select 2~4 ages in winter male fancy carp and the female fancy carp in 3~6 ages in winter as parent population；
(2), regulate and control parent population gonad development to " quick response " state：By the selected female parent population of step (1) and male
First stage cultivation is carried out after parent population mixing, feeds feed in breeding process daily in the first stage 1-2 times, and according to daily
No more than 3 DEG C, the every 5 days amplitude reduction temperature of cultivation for being no more than 10 DEG C, until water temperature drop to 12 DEG C~15 DEG C, then maintains
Water temperature is formed in " quick response fancy carp parent population library " at 12 DEG C~15 DEG C；
(3), the revival of parent population sexual gland and breeding：The female parent population of extraction in " quick response fancy carp parent population library " from step (2)
And male parent population, second stage cultivation, wherein second stage are carried out respectively after the female parent population of extraction and male parent population are separated
Initial water temperature is cultivated than " quick response fancy carp parent population library " in step (2) within water temperature is 3 DEG C high, in second stage breeding process with
Water temperature is promoted to 25 DEG C~26 DEG C, maintains this water temperature 2~3 days, respectively obtain sexual gland by amplitude of the heating no more than 3 DEG C daily
Then the male parent population of revival and female parent population carry out the male parent population of sexual gland revival and female parent population numerous according to a conventional method
It grows.
Preferably, the form of male fancy carp and development are normal in the step (1)；Female fancy carp in the step (1)
Form and development are normal, and the female fancy carp is laid eggs experience at least once, the female fancy carp last time lay eggs after
Normally cultivate 3 months or more.
Preferably, first the male and female parent population is cultivated before carrying out first stage cultivation in the step (2).Because
Parent population used in the present invention is all that parent population is had in fish farm by oneself, has been cultivated before entering first stage cultivation.Here it cultivates
Purpose be in order to the unknown parent population of the state for promoting newly to buy in a short time gonad development to better state.
Preferably, the cultivation time is 10 days, and breeding condition is：Feed feed 3 times daily, the feed fed daily is total
Amount is the 2%~3% of fish body weight, and the mass percent of protein is 35%~40% in feed.
Preferably, cultivation is water-storage depth is 1m~2.5m, area is not less than 5m in the step (2)2And water temperature
It is carried out in controllable cement pit, cultivation density is 0.5~1.5kg/m2。
Preferably, the female parent population extracted in the step (3) is identical with the weight of male parent population.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：The present invention provides a kind of control fancy carps in the side that annual random time is bred
Method, the method have the following advantages：
1, this method operating process is simple, easy to implement；
2, this method is reliable, and the time for generating result accurately controls；
3, this method is applied widely, can carry out throughout the country, and can be used for common carp.
Specific implementation mode
To better illustrate the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiment to the present invention
It is described further.
Embodiment 1
1. implementing place
The Shunde District, Fushan City, Guangdong Province towns Le Liu individual's fancy carp farm.
2. implementing the time
In August, 2009~September, fish farm propose to need before to be bred by the end of September in August part.
3. parent fish selection
3 tail of the red female 3 age parent population of white fancy carp is selected by the end of August, and average weight 3.2kg, the form of female fancy carp and development are just
Often, and the female fancy carp selected is laid eggs experience at least once, normally cultivation 3 after the oviposition of female fancy carp last time selected
A month or more；3 tail of male 2 age parent population, average weight 1.5kg, the form of male fancy carp and development are normal；The female brocade that will be selected
Carp and male fancy carp move into an indoor cement pit from big pond, and cement pit specification is area 12m2, depth of water 1.2m, pond lower layer
30 DEG C of water temperature, the initial water temperature of cement pit is identical, cultivation density 0.5kg/m2。
4. regulating and controlling sexual gland developmental condition
Will male parent population and female parent population move into same cement pit after carry out first stage cultivation, with 3 day time by water temperature
24 DEG C are adjusted downward to, maintains 3 days, water temperature is then adjusted downward to 15 DEG C with 5 day time, is kept for 7 days.Feed is fed in the meantime, often
It 1-2 times, feeding volume is ingested depending on parent population depending on situation, and basic law is reduced with water temperature drop feeding volume.Sexual gland is close at this time
Dormant state.
5. parent population sexual gland of reviving
Second stage cultivation is carried out respectively after the parent population male and female of sexual gland suspend mode are separated, since 15 DEG C of water temperatures, when with 5 days
Between water temperature is promoted to 26 DEG C, during which pour a small amount of new water daily, water pump be used in combination to drive flow, ensure that flowing water at least 2 is small daily
When.Second stage cultivation separates male and female parent population when starting, and is then respectively put into different fishponds.The revival stage can a small amount of bait throwing in
(also can not bait throwing in), but breed first 3 days and start that bait throwing in must be stopped.
6. hastening parturition
After the completion of wake up sequence, artificial propagation is immediately begun to.Using injection oxytocic hormone, the mode of dry method of artificial fertilization.
20~30 μ g/kg rauns of LRH-A are injected, milter halves, and raun puts back to Yuan Chi after injection, and milter is also placed in same pond, and 12 is small
When after pay attention to observation parent population heat situation.Practical parent population heat phenomenon after 18 hours is it is obvious that pick up carry out artificial insemination.It urges
Production the result is that obtain fertilized eggs about 2kg, estimation fertilized eggs quantity be 1,200,000, hatching emergence about 1,000,000 tails.
Embodiment 2
1. implementing place
Pests in Tianjin Binhai New Area Ze Ming ornamental fish Co., Ltd
2. implementing the time
In September, 2011~December, company propose to need respectively to carry out artificial propagation 1 in December and 2 month of next year in September part
It is secondary.
3. parent fish selection
Select 25 tail of the red female 3 age parent population of white fancy carp, average weight 3.3kg, the form of female fancy carp and development mid-September
Normally, and the female fancy carp selected is laid eggs experience at least once, normally foster after the oviposition of female fancy carp last time selected
It grows 3 months or more；40 tail of male 2~3 age parent population, average weight 1.7kg, the form of male fancy carp and development are normal；It will select
Female fancy carp and male fancy carp move into an indoor cement pit from big pond, cement pit specification is area 50m2, depth of water 1.5m,
27 DEG C of pond lower layer water temperature, the initial water temperature of cement pit is identical, cultivation density 1.5kg/m2。
4. regulating and controlling sexual gland developmental condition
Unlimited greenhouse is taken in the measure for not taking artificial regulatory water temperature, and the mode that water temperature of leaving declines naturally carries out first
Stage breeding.At the beginning of 11 months, water temperature drop feeds feed in the meantime to 15 DEG C, 1-2 times daily, and feeding volume is ingested feelings depending on parent population
Depending on condition, basic law is reduced with water temperature drop feeding volume.Sexual gland enters dormant state at this time.Hereafter closed greenhouse door and window,
But Heating system is not opened, water temperature is minimum to be down to 12 DEG C of
5. parent population sexual gland of reviving
First artificial propagation：It November 20 pulled 5 tail of raun, 8 tail of milter out from pond is stored up, and was respectively put into a pond
It carries out second stage cultivation respectively afterwards and water temperature is gradually increased since 12 DEG C of water temperatures, water temperature is promoted to 25 with 15 day time
DEG C, a small amount of new water is during which poured daily, water pump is used in combination to drive flow, ensures flowing water daily at least 2 hours.Second stage cultivation is opened
Male and female parent population is separated when the beginning, is then respectively put into different fishponds.The revival stage can a small amount of bait throwing in (also not bait throwing in), but it is numerous
It grows first 3 days and starts that bait throwing in must be stopped.
Second batch artificial propagation：It on January 15th, 2012 pulls 8 tail of raun, 10 tail of milter out from pond is stored up, is respectively put into one
Second stage cultivation is carried out behind a pond respectively, since 12 DEG C of water temperatures, water temperature is gradually increased, water temperature is promoted with 12 day time
To 25 DEG C, a small amount of new water is during which poured daily, water pump is used in combination to drive flow, ensures flowing water daily 1~2 hour.Second stage is supported
Male and female parent population is separated when growing beginning, is then respectively put into different fishponds.The revival stage can a small amount of bait throwing in (also not bait throwing in),
But breeding starts that bait throwing in must be stopped for first 3 days.
6. hastening parturition
First artificial propagation：After the completion of wake up sequence, artificial propagation is immediately begun to.Using injection oxytocic hormone, dry method
The mode of artificial insemination.Injected oxytocic hormone December 6, raun injection dosage is LRH-A20 μ g/kg, and milter injection dosage subtracts
Half, raun puts back to Yuan Chi after injection, and milter is also placed in same pond, and observation parent population heat situation is paid attention to after 12 hours.Reality exists
Parent population heat phenomenon after 18 hours is it is obvious that pick up carry out artificial insemination.It is hastening parturition the result is that obtain fertilized eggs about 3.2kg, estimate
It is 1,800,000 to calculate fertilized eggs quantity, hatching about 1,500,000 tails of emergence.
Second batch artificial propagation：On January 28th, 2012 injects oxytocic hormone, and artificial propagation program is identical as first, obtains
Fertilized eggs about 4.6kg is obtained, estimation fertilized eggs quantity is 2,800,000, hatching about 2,300,000 tails of emergence.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention rather than is protected to the present invention
The limitation of range is protected, although being explained in detail to the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art should
Understand, technical scheme of the present invention can be modified or replaced equivalently, without departing from the essence of technical solution of the present invention
And range.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method that control fancy carp is bred in annual random time, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps：
(1), parent population is selected：Select 2~4 ages in winter male fancy carp and the female fancy carp in 3~6 ages in winter as parent population；
(2), regulate and control parent population gonad development to " quick response " state：By the selected female parent population of step (1) and male parent population
First stage cultivation is carried out after mixing, feeds feed in breeding process daily in the first stage 1-2 times, and according to not surpassing daily
3 DEG C, the every 5 days amplitude reduction temperature of cultivation for being no more than 10 DEG C are crossed, until water temperature drop to 12 DEG C~15 DEG C, then maintains water temperature
At 12 DEG C~15 DEG C, formed in " quick response fancy carp parent population library "；
(3), the revival of parent population sexual gland and breeding：Female parent population and hero are extracted in " quick response fancy carp parent population library " from step (2)
Property parent population, second stage cultivation is carried out after the female parent population of extraction and male parent population are separated respectively, wherein second stage cultivates
Initial water temperature is than " quick response fancy carp parent population library " in step (2) within water temperature is 3 DEG C high, with daily in second stage breeding process
Amplitude of the heating no more than 3 DEG C, water temperature is promoted to 25 DEG C~26 DEG C, maintains this water temperature 2~3 days, respectively obtains sexual gland revival
Male parent population and female parent population, then the male parent population of sexual gland revival and female parent population are bred according to a conventional method.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the form of male fancy carp and development be just in the step (1)
Often, whose body weight is not less than 1 kilogram；The form of female fancy carp and development are normal in the step (1), and whose body weight is not less than
1.5 kilograms, and the female fancy carp is laid eggs experience at least once, normally cultivation after the female fancy carp last time oviposition
3 months or more.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the step (2) before carrying out first stage cultivation first
The male and female parent population is cultivated.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the cultivation time is 10 days, breeding condition is：It is daily to throw
Feeding material 3 times, the feed total amount fed daily are the 2%~3% of fish body weight, and the mass percent of protein is in feed
35%~40%.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the step (2) in cultivation be water-storage depth be 1m~
2.5m, area are not less than 5m2And it is carried out in the controllable cement pit of water temperature, cultivation density is 0.5~1.5kg/m2。
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the female parent population extracted in the step (3) and male parent
The quantity of fish is equal.
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| CN108782359A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-11-13 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | A method of control goldfish bred at annual any one day |
| CN110352877B (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2022-09-06 | 南京市水产科学研究所 | All-season artificial propagation method for micropterus salmoides |
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| RU2007111427A (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью ООО "ЖИВАЯ РЫБА" (RU) | METHOD FOR CULTIVATION OF YOUNG FISH IN HEATWATER PONDS |
| CN101965814A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-02-09 | 昆明云锦观赏鱼研究开发有限公司 | Artificial intensive incubation method for cyprinus carpio koi fries |
| CN104396837A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-11 | 台江南宫森林公园鹏芬渔业有限责任公司 | Carp fry breeding method |
| CN105210959A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-06 | 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of fancy carp |
| CN105360035A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-02 | 天津市金水族水产养殖有限公司 | Ornamental carp breeding method |
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2016
- 2016-03-25 CN CN201610179519.XA patent/CN105746406B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2007111427A (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью ООО "ЖИВАЯ РЫБА" (RU) | METHOD FOR CULTIVATION OF YOUNG FISH IN HEATWATER PONDS |
| CN101965814A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-02-09 | 昆明云锦观赏鱼研究开发有限公司 | Artificial intensive incubation method for cyprinus carpio koi fries |
| CN104396837A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-11 | 台江南宫森林公园鹏芬渔业有限责任公司 | Carp fry breeding method |
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| CN105360035A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-02 | 天津市金水族水产养殖有限公司 | Ornamental carp breeding method |
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