CN110301334B - Irrigation dropper system for planting crops in desertification areas - Google Patents
Irrigation dropper system for planting crops in desertification areas Download PDFInfo
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- CN110301334B CN110301334B CN201910693707.8A CN201910693707A CN110301334B CN 110301334 B CN110301334 B CN 110301334B CN 201910693707 A CN201910693707 A CN 201910693707A CN 110301334 B CN110301334 B CN 110301334B
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- pipe
- drip irrigation
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- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000241838 Lycium barbarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017784 Mespilus germanica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002624 Mespilus germanica Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an irrigation dropper system for planting crops in desertification areas. The irrigation dropper system comprises a water supply device and a pipeline conveying device; the water supply device is used for supplying irrigation water; the pipeline conveying device is used for conveying the irrigation water and comprises a main pipeline, a plurality of branch pipes and a plurality of drip irrigation belts; the main pipeline is respectively connected with the water supply device and the plurality of branch pipes; each branch pipe is provided with a plurality of holes, and each hole is connected with a drip irrigation tape; each drip irrigation zone extends through a plurality of crop planting holes; at least 1 drip emitter is arranged on the drip irrigation belt within a set range from the root of each crop; a water inlet pipe is correspondingly arranged under each dripper respectively; the water inlet pipe is vertically inserted into the surface layer of the planting hole. According to the irrigation dropper system disclosed by the invention, the drip emitters are arranged on the drip irrigation belt, the water inlet pipe is arranged right below the drip emitters, irrigation water is directly fed into the roots of crops through the water inlet pipe, evaporation of the irrigation water on the ground surface is reduced, and the water utilization efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water-saving irrigation, in particular to an irrigation dropper system for planting crops in desertification areas.
Background
Desertification has become one of the most serious ecological environmental problems worldwide today, and according to the conclusions of the United nations environmental agency, about 1/4 of the land, 2/3 of the countries and regions of the world are threatened by desertification. Because the desertification area has the characteristics of less annual rainfall, unbalanced annual rainfall distribution, large evaporation capacity and the like, when crops are planted in the desertification area, a large amount of irrigated water returns to the air through evaporation, the problems of waste of irrigation water and low utilization rate exist, and the development of traditional agriculture in the desertification area is seriously hindered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an irrigation dropper system for planting crops in a desertification area, which reduces the evaporation amount of irrigation water in the desertification area and improves the water utilization efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
an irrigation dropper system for planting crops in desertification areas comprises a water supply device and a pipeline conveying device;
the water supply device is connected with the pipeline conveying device; the water supply device is used for supplying irrigation water;
the pipeline conveying device is used for conveying the irrigation water and comprises a main pipeline, a plurality of branch pipelines and a plurality of drip irrigation belts;
the main pipeline is respectively connected with the water supply device and the branch pipes;
each branch pipe is provided with a plurality of holes, and each hole is connected with a drip irrigation tape; each drip irrigation belt extends through a plurality of crop planting holes;
at least 1 drip emitter is arranged on the drip irrigation belt within a set range from the root of each crop; a water inlet pipe is correspondingly arranged under each water dropper; the water inlet pipe is vertically inserted into the surface layer of the planting hole;
the dripper is used for dripping the irrigation water conveyed in the drip irrigation zone into the water inlet pipe; the water inlet pipe is used for directly sending irrigation water into the roots of crops.
Optionally, the irrigation dropper system further comprises a controller,
the controller is connected with the water supply device and used for controlling the water supply device to supply irrigation water.
Optionally, the water supply device comprises a motor-pumped well and a pressure forehearth;
a centrifugal pump is arranged in the motor-pumped well and is used for pumping groundwater for irrigation;
the pump pipe of the centrifugal pump is connected with the pressure forehearth;
a water pump is arranged in the pressure front pool, and a pump pipe of the water pump is connected with the main pipeline;
the pressure forehearth is used for precipitating the groundwater.
Optionally, a first electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pump pipe of the centrifugal pump, and a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pump pipe of the water pump;
the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the controller.
Optionally, a filter is further arranged on the main pipeline, and the filter is used for filtering particulate matters in the irrigation water;
the filter is a multi-group disc filter.
Optionally, a flowmeter is further arranged on the main pipeline and used for counting irrigation water consumption;
the flow meter is located between the filter and the manifold.
Optionally, the irrigation dropper system further comprises a fertilizing device, and the fertilizing device is connected with the controller;
the fertilizer device comprises a fertilizer applicator and a fertilizer pot,
the fertilizing tank is internally provided with a stirrer which is used for rapidly melting the solid soluble fertilizer in the fertilizing tank;
the fertilizer suction pipe of the fertilizer applicator is inserted below the liquid level in the fertilizer application tank; the tail end of the fertilizer suction pipe is provided with a net type filter;
the fertilizing pipe of the fertilizing device is connected with the main pipe,
a third electromagnetic valve is arranged on the fertilization pipe;
the third electromagnetic valve is connected with the controller, and the fertilization device is controlled to fertilize or stop fertilization by opening or closing the third electromagnetic valve.
Optionally, the drip irrigation belt is bent and extended along the straight line direction formed by the crop planting holes;
the drip irrigation belt is fixed on the crops through a binding belt.
Optionally, the irrigation dropper system further comprises a power supply device for supplying power to the drip irrigation system.
Optionally, the surface layer of the planting hole is provided with a water-retaining cover layer, and the water-retaining cover layer is made of a waterproof material.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
according to the irrigation dropper system, the droppers are arranged on the drip irrigation belt, the water inlet pipe is arranged right below the droppers, irrigation water is directly fed into the roots of crops through the water inlet pipe, evaporation of the irrigation water on the ground surface is reduced, and the water utilization efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an irrigation dropper system for planting crops in a desertification area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of drip irrigation tape laying according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embedded water inlet pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals illustrate: the device comprises a 1-motor-pumped well, a 2-centrifugal pump, a 3-pressure forehearth, a 4-first electromagnetic valve, a 5-controller, a 6-power supply device, a 7-second electromagnetic valve, an 8-filter, a 9-third electromagnetic valve, a 10-fertilization tank, an 11-fertilizer applicator, a 12-flowmeter, a 13-main pipeline, a 14-branch pipe, a 15-drip irrigation belt, a 16-planting hole and a 17-water inlet pipe.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide an irrigation dropper system for planting crops in a desertification area, which reduces the evaporation amount of irrigation water in the desertification area and improves the water utilization efficiency.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an irrigation dropper system for planting crops in a desertification area according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 1, an irrigation dropper system for planting crops in a desertification area comprises a water supply device and a pipeline conveying device; the water supply device is connected with the pipeline conveying device; the water supply device is used for supplying irrigation water; the pipeline conveying device is used for conveying the irrigation water and comprises a main pipeline 13, a plurality of branch pipelines 14 and a plurality of drip irrigation belts 15; in this embodiment, the main pipe 13 is a Φ63PE pipe, and the branch pipe 14 is a Φ40PE pipe.
The main pipeline 13 is respectively connected with the water supply device and a plurality of branch pipes 14;
a plurality of holes are formed in each branch pipe 14, and each hole is connected with a drip irrigation tape 15; each drip irrigation tape 15 extends through a plurality of crop planting holes 16, in this embodiment, the crops are illustrated as matrimony vine trees, and specifically, holes are formed in the branch pipes 14 and then the drip irrigation tape 15 is connected through a bypass.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of laying a drip irrigation tape according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 3 is a schematic view of burying a water inlet pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, at least 1 dripper is disposed on the drip irrigation tape 15 within a set range from the root of each crop; a water inlet pipe 17 is correspondingly arranged under each water dropper; the water inlet pipe 17 is vertically inserted into the surface layer of the planting hole 16; the drippers are used for dripping the irrigation water conveyed in the drip irrigation tape 15 into the water inlet pipe 17; the inlet pipe 17 is used for directly feeding the irrigation water into the roots of crops. The drip irrigation belt 15 is arranged in a bending and extending way along the straight line direction formed by the crop planting holes 16; the drip irrigation tape 15 is fixed on the crops by a binding tape.
Specifically, the drip irrigation tape 15 is provided in a curved and extended manner in such a manner that: and the two adjacent crops are respectively positioned at two sides of the drip irrigation tape 15 along the straight line direction formed by the crop planting holes.
The drip irrigation belts 15 are arranged in a bending and extending mode, so that two adjacent crops are respectively positioned at two sides of the drip irrigation belts 15, and when wind is blown in a desert area to be large, the adjacent crops are positioned at two sides of the drip irrigation belts 15, so that the fixing effect on the drip irrigation belts 15 is enhanced, the drip irrigation belts 15 are prevented from being blown in disorder by strong wind, the relative positions of the drip heads and the water inlet pipe 17 are changed, and irrigation water cannot be smoothly dropped into the water inlet pipe 17 from the drip heads.
In this embodiment, the drip irrigation belts 15 are common embedded patch drip irrigation belts, the drippers are arranged inside the drip irrigation belts 15, two drip irrigation belts 15 are in a group, the drip irrigation belts are arranged in a cross bending mode along the straight line direction formed by the crop planting holes, the crossing point is located at the center of the crop planting holes, each crop is supplied with water by the two drip irrigation belts 15, two drippers are arranged on the two drip irrigation belts 15 passing through each crop and distributed on two sides of the crop, and the water inlet pipe 17 corresponds to the lower part of each dripper. The water inlet pipe 17 is a phi 30PVC pipe with the length of 50 cm.
The water outlet flow and the water dropper spacing of the drip irrigation belt 15 are designed according to the growth habit and the planting characteristics of crops, for example, in the planting of medlar trees, the water dropper spacing is 1.2m, the water outlet flow is 3L/h, the water outlet amount is large, the irrigation speed is high, and the reduction of water evaporation is facilitated.
The surface layer of the planting hole 16 is provided with a water-retaining cover layer which is made of a waterproof material.
The water-retaining cover layer can reduce the evaporation of soil moisture, and is matched with the water inlet pipe 17, so that the moisture directly enters the soil, the root of crops is corresponded, the evaporation of the moisture is reduced, and the moisture utilization rate is improved.
The irrigation dropper system further comprises a controller 5, wherein the controller 5 is connected with the water supply device and used for controlling the water supply device to supply the irrigation water.
The water supply device comprises a motor-pumped well 1 and a pressure front pool 3;
a centrifugal pump 2 is arranged in the motor-pumped well 1, and the centrifugal pump 2 is used for pumping groundwater for irrigation;
the pump pipe of the centrifugal pump 2 is connected with the pressure foretank 3;
a water pump is arranged in the pressure front pool 3, and a pump pipe of the water pump is connected with the main pipeline 13;
the pre-pressure tank 3 is used for precipitating the groundwater.
The groundwater in desertification areas has high sand content, if groundwater directly enters the drip irrigation system, system components can be destroyed, pipeline silt, drippers are blocked, and the like, and silt in the groundwater is precipitated by arranging the pressure front pool 3, so that the silt entering the drip irrigation system is reduced.
A first electromagnetic valve 4 is arranged on a pump pipe of the centrifugal pump 2, and a second electromagnetic valve 7 is arranged on a pump pipe of the water pump; the first electromagnetic valve 4 and the second electromagnetic valve 7 are respectively connected with the controller 5.
A filter 8 is further arranged on the main pipeline 13, and the filter 8 is used for filtering particulate matters in the irrigation water; the filter 8 is a multi-group disc filter.
The main pipeline 13 is also provided with a flowmeter 12 for counting irrigation water consumption; the flowmeter 12 is located between the filter 8 and the branch pipe 14. The flowmeter 12 in this embodiment is a remotely-transmitted ultrasonic flowmeter.
The irrigation dropper system further comprises a fertilizing device, and the fertilizing device is connected with the controller 5;
the fertilizer device comprises a fertilizer applicator 11 and a fertilizer pot 10, wherein the fertilizer applicator 11 in the embodiment is a hydraulically driven proportional fertilizer applicator 11; a stirrer is arranged in the fertilizing tank 10 and is used for rapidly melting the solid soluble fertilizer in the fertilizing tank 10; the fertilizer sucking pipe of the fertilizer applicator 11 is inserted below the liquid level in the fertilizer pot 10; the tail end of the fertilizer suction pipe is provided with a net type filter; the fertilizing pipe of the fertilizing device 11 is connected with the main pipe 13, and a third electromagnetic valve 9 is arranged on the fertilizing pipe; the third electromagnetic valve 9 is connected with the controller 5, and the fertilization device is controlled to fertilize or stop fertilization by opening or closing the third electromagnetic valve 9.
The irrigation dropper system further comprises a power supply device 6 for supplying power to the drip irrigation system.
The power supply device 6 specifically adopts a wind-solar complementary power supply system, and effectively utilizes solar energy and wind energy to supply power.
The irrigation dropper system for planting crops in desertification areas can also realize the following technical effects:
(1) The wind-solar complementary power supply system is used as a power supply device, solar energy is effectively utilized, resources are saved, and the problem of inconvenience in field power distribution is solved.
(2) The irrigation control system is utilized to realize precise irrigation and precise fertilization, so that excessive waste of water resources is prevented, and the problem of water resource deficiency in desertification areas is relieved.
(3) By utilizing the pressure front pool and the filter, the problem that the groundwater in the desertification area has large sand content and the drip head of the drip irrigation belt is easy to be blocked can be effectively solved.
(4) The hydraulic driving proportional fertilizer applicator can fully fuse water and fertilizer, and can effectively solve the problem of uneven fertilizer drop application.
(5) The setting of inlet tube can guarantee that liquid manure can see through the covering layer of keeping water, directly delivers to the crop root, reduces ground evaporation, improves liquid manure utilization efficiency and crop's survival rate simultaneously greatly.
(6) The drip irrigation tape is paved by adopting a bending extension method, and the root of each crop is fixed by a binding tape, so that the problem that the drip heads are far away from the water inlet pipe after the drip irrigation tape is blown out by strong wind and water is inconvenient to enter is effectively prevented.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An irrigation dropper system for planting crops in desertification areas is characterized in that,
comprises a water supply device and a pipeline conveying device;
the water supply device is connected with the pipeline conveying device; the water supply device is used for supplying irrigation water;
the pipeline conveying device is used for conveying the irrigation water and comprises a main pipeline, a plurality of branch pipelines and a plurality of drip irrigation belts;
the main pipeline is respectively connected with the water supply device and the branch pipes;
the main pipeline is also provided with a flowmeter for counting irrigation water consumption;
each branch pipe is provided with a plurality of holes, and each hole is connected with a drip irrigation tape; each drip irrigation belt extends through a plurality of crop planting holes; the drip irrigation belt is bent and extended along the straight line direction formed by the crop planting holes; the drip irrigation belt is fixed on the crops through a binding belt;
the drip irrigation belts are embedded patch drip irrigation belts, the drip irrigation belts are arranged in the drip irrigation belts, two drip irrigation belts are in a group, are arranged in a cross bending mode along the straight line direction formed by the crop planting holes, and the cross point is positioned at the center of the crop planting holes, so that each crop is supplied with water by the two drip irrigation belts, two drip irrigation belts passing through each crop are respectively provided with two drip heads, the drip heads are distributed on two sides of the crop, and the lower part of each drip head corresponds to one water inlet pipe; the water inlet pipe is vertically inserted into the surface layer of the planting hole;
the dripper is used for dripping the irrigation water conveyed in the drip irrigation zone into the water inlet pipe; the water inlet pipe is used for directly sending irrigation water into the roots of crops.
2. An irrigation dropper system as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
the irrigation dropper system further comprises a controller,
the controller is connected with the water supply device and used for controlling the water supply device to supply irrigation water.
3. An irrigation dropper system as claimed in claim 2, wherein,
the water supply device comprises a motor-pumped well and a pressure forehearth;
a centrifugal pump is arranged in the motor-pumped well and is used for pumping groundwater for irrigation;
the pump pipe of the centrifugal pump is connected with the pressure forehearth;
a water pump is arranged in the pressure front pool, and a pump pipe of the water pump is connected with the main pipeline;
the pressure forehearth is used for precipitating the groundwater.
4. An irrigation dropper system for a crop planted in a desertification area as claimed in claim 3,
a first electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pump pipe of the centrifugal pump, and a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pump pipe of the water pump;
the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the controller.
5. An irrigation dropper system as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
a filter is further arranged on the main pipeline and is used for filtering particulate matters in the irrigation water;
the filter is a multi-group disc filter.
6. The irrigation dropper system as claimed in claim 5, wherein,
the flow meter is located between the filter and the manifold.
7. An irrigation dropper system as claimed in claim 2, wherein,
the irrigation dropper system further comprises a fertilizing device, and the fertilizing device is connected with the controller;
the fertilizer device comprises a fertilizer applicator and a fertilizer pot,
the fertilizing tank is internally provided with a stirrer which is used for rapidly melting the solid soluble fertilizer in the fertilizing tank;
the fertilizer suction pipe of the fertilizer applicator is inserted below the liquid level in the fertilizer application tank; the tail end of the fertilizer suction pipe is provided with a net type filter;
the fertilizing pipe of the fertilizing device is connected with the main pipe,
a third electromagnetic valve is arranged on the fertilization pipe;
the third electromagnetic valve is connected with the controller, and the fertilization device is controlled to fertilize or stop fertilization by opening or closing the third electromagnetic valve.
8. An irrigation dropper system as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
the irrigation dropper system further comprises a power supply device for supplying power to the dropper system.
9. An irrigation dropper system as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
the surface layer of the planting hole is provided with a water-retaining cover layer which is made of a watertight material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910693707.8A CN110301334B (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Irrigation dropper system for planting crops in desertification areas |
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| CN201910693707.8A CN110301334B (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Irrigation dropper system for planting crops in desertification areas |
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| CN110301334B true CN110301334B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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| CN112167012A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-01-05 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Railway sand wind plane micro-seepage drip irrigation system in desertification region and construction method thereof |
| CN115299324B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-10-13 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Quick determination method for drip irrigation dripper flow under saline-alkali soil alien soil hole planting condition |
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| CN109757278A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-17 | 甘肃省农业工程技术研究院 | A kind of implantation methods improving desert belt fructus lycii transplanting survival rate |
| CN110024629A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-19 | 呼和浩特市博洋可再生能源有限责任公司 | A kind of grassland improvement method of solar energy intelligent drip-irrigation |
| CN210808649U (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2020-06-23 | 甘肃省农业工程技术研究院 | Irrigation dropper system for planting crops in desertification region |
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