CN110268909A - A kind of high-yield planting method of oil tea - Google Patents

A kind of high-yield planting method of oil tea Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110268909A
CN110268909A CN201910695295.1A CN201910695295A CN110268909A CN 110268909 A CN110268909 A CN 110268909A CN 201910695295 A CN201910695295 A CN 201910695295A CN 110268909 A CN110268909 A CN 110268909A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cage
oil tea
tea
oil
growth
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CN201910695295.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
谢锋华
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Guiyang Changlin Agricultural Development Co Ltd
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Guiyang Changlin Agricultural Development Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910695295.1A priority Critical patent/CN110268909A/en
Publication of CN110268909A publication Critical patent/CN110268909A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of high-yield planting methods of oil tea, it transplants and fosters including selection of land site preparation, seed selection, apply liquid manure, trimming and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, this method combines the pruning method of conventional oil tea plantation, it is afforested after completing trimming using cage pressure side shoot mode, the weight placement amount and replacement in cage, which are subject to, keeps 25-60 degree in corresponding side shoot horizontal direction to grow.The present invention carries out layer growth by using tea oil tree branch of the cage being specially arranged to growth period, neither influence the growth of tea oil tree, each branch may make slowly to change extending direction in growth again, so that there are enough sufficient growing spaces between upper and lower level branch, oil tea late growth and fruiting is greatly facilitated;Pest control drug can be placed in cage simultaneously, further ensures that the health of tea oil tree is grown into forest.Oil tea plantation is carried out using this method, operability, normalization are strong, can effectively improve the yield of oil tea, and yield can be made to maintain a metastable level always.

Description

A kind of high-yield planting method of oil tea
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of planting, refer in particular to a kind of high-yield planting method of oil tea.
Background technique
Oil tea plant belongs to Theaceae, and Seed of Camellia oleifera oil content is high, be for making best one of the plant of edible oil, Contain a large amount of oleic acid, unsaturated fatty acid and linoleic acid.In order to solve the problems, such as China's edible oil shortage, need to go into overdrive Push the development of high yield oil tea cultivation technique, it is ensured that the plantation of oil tea will not fight for cultivated area with cereal crops.For this purpose, country is non- Often pay attention to the development of high yield oil tea cultivation technique, it is desirable to can solve the problem of edible oil shortage.As high yield oil tea cultivates skill The rapid development of art, oil tea become the most important edible vegetable oil resource in south, have apparent advantages for development and inherence latent Power.Oil tea cultivation technique is developed so far, however it remains many problems, need to reinforce thus high yield oil tea cultivation technique develop power Degree, fully considers many factors, formulates effective measure, solves high yield oil tea and asks present in cultivation Topic pushes high yield oil tea cultivation technique fast-developing with this.
Currently, the cultivation of high yield oil tea is repaired generally by reinforcement variety selection, tending ot young growth management, water and fertilizer management, shaping Cut, the approach such as pest control are realized, but the stability of aforesaid way operation is strong, largely by plant personnel experience etc. Subjective factor influences, therefore high receipts High Yielding Effect is unobvious, unstable.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being improved and being innovated for disadvantage present in background technique and problem, a kind of oil is provided The high-yield planting method of tea.
The present invention includes selection of land site preparation, chooses seeds and transplant, foster, applying liquid manure, trimming and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, and this method combines The pruning method of conventional oil tea plantation is afforested after completing trimming using cage pressure side shoot mode, weight placement amount in cage and Replacement, which is subject to, keeps 25-60 degree in corresponding side shoot horizontal direction to grow, in which: the cage includes the upper cage assembled up and down With lower cage, the cage component in upper cage top portion, and the orifice plate being arranged between upper and lower cage are set;The cage component includes setting It sets and is used to wind the folding and unfolding drum of line in upper cage top face, and be connected to the bandage at the end of a thread end;The bottom surface of the upper cage is to be evenly equipped with The perforated face sheets of air hole, the lower cage side are equipped with switch gate.
The upper cage top face is transparent cambered plate in one of the embodiments, and the surrounding of top surface, which is provided with, to dip down Oblique water conservancy diversion eaves, the inner top surface of the upper cage are also evenly equipped with luminous tube, and the bottom surface of the water conservancy diversion eaves is provided with for placing electric power storage The battery case in pond, the battery connection simultaneously provide power supply to luminous tube.Transparent cambered plate and water conservancy diversion eaves can be conducive to rainwater, travel fatigue The landing of sundries etc. keeps the cleaning of cage;Water conservancy diversion eaves can also protect perforated face sheets simultaneously, keep perforated face sheets hidden not easy to pollute Blocking.The design of luminous tube and battery case can make cage have the effect of mosquito insect eradication lamp, the health for the tea woods being further ensured that concurrently.
The upper cage and lower cage can place weight in upper and lower cage using being threadedly coupled in one of the embodiments, Or drug.It is simple to be threadedly coupled production, it is easy to operate, quick;Two article placement spaces are designed by upper and lower cage, it can be more The good needs for meeting layer;Intermediate orifice plate also can guarantee smoothly distributing for drug.
The folding and unfolding drum includes the work shape disk body for being fixed on cage end face center, line in one of the embodiments, It is wrapped in the middle part of work shape disk body, the top surface of work shape disk body is provided with the card slot of multiple fixed unwrapping wire length.It is changeable by coiling The retractable length of line, then line card is tied up by multiple card slots and fixes folding and unfolding line length in slot, structure is simple, easy to operate, fast It is prompt.Existing automatic or manual folding and unfolding drum can also be used, as long as being able to satisfy the operation of retractable line.
In one of the embodiments, the bandage by taking the lead, belt body and magnetic tape trailer form, taken the lead and magnetic tape trailer wherein described Be it is multiple, the belt body respectively taken the lead between magnetic tape trailer is structure as a whole.The bandage imitates existing belt design, only uses centre Disjunctor, head and the tail are multiple to take the lead and magnetic tape trailer, can preferably adapt to the strapped of branch tree in this way, will not hurt branch.
Advantages of the present invention and the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention carries out layer growth to the tea oil tree branch in growth period by using the cage being specially arranged, the weight of layer with Branch energy subject to 25-60 degree normal growth, neither influences the growth of tea oil tree upwards, and may make each branch in growth slowly Change extending direction and oil tea late growth and fruiting is greatly facilitated so that there are enough sufficient growing spaces between upper and lower level branch; Pest control drug can be placed in cage simultaneously, and drug has accomplished that a cage is multi-purpose, further really by shedding in cage by perforated face sheets The health for having protected tea oil tree is grown into forest.Oil tea plantation is carried out using this method, operability, normalization are strong, can effectively improve oil tea Yield, and yield can be made to maintain a metastable level always.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is cage overall structure diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 overlooking structure diagram.
Fig. 3 is cage strap configurations schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It is of the invention for ease of understanding, preferred embodiment of the invention is shown below.But the present invention can be with many not With form realize, however it is not limited to embodiment described herein.On the contrary, purpose of providing these embodiments is makes to this The disclosure of invention is more thorough and comprehensive.
Unless otherwise defined, the skill of all technical and scientific terms and technical field of the invention used herein The normally understood meaning of art personnel is identical.Term used in the description is intended merely to describe specifically to implement purpose, is not It is designed to limit the invention.
Following cage structures used in the examples are as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, cage includes the upper and lower upper cage 1 and lower cage 2 for being threadedly coupled assembling, the cage group at upper 1 top of cage is set Part, and the orifice plate 3 being arranged between upper and lower cage can place weight or drug in upper and lower cage.Specifically, cage component includes The folding and unfolding drum 4 that upper 1 top surface of cage is used to wind line 5 is set, and is connected to the bandage 6 at the end of a thread end.The bottom surface of upper cage 1 is uniformly distributed There is the perforated face sheets 1-1 of air hole, lower 2 side of cage is equipped with switch gate 2-1.
Specifically, the surrounding of top surface is provided with the water conservancy diversion tilted down as shown in Figure 1,1 top surface of upper cage is transparent cambered plate Eaves 1-2.The inner top surface of upper cage 1 is also evenly equipped with luminous tube 7, and the bottom surface of water conservancy diversion eaves 1-2 is provided with the battery for placing battery Box 8, battery 8 connect and provide power supply to luminous tube 7.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, 2, folding and unfolding drum 4 includes the work shape disk body 4-1 for being fixed on cage end face center, line 5 is twined It is wound on the middle part of work shape disk body 4-1, the top surface of work shape disk body 4-1 is provided with the card slot 4-2 of multiple fixed unwrapping wire length.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1,3, bandage 6 is formed by taking the lead 6-1, belt body 6-2 and magnetic tape trailer 6-3.Wherein take the lead 6-1 and Magnetic tape trailer 6-3 be it is multiple, the belt body respectively taken the lead between 6-1 and magnetic tape trailer 6-3 is structure as a whole.
Embodiment:
1, selection of land site preparation:
Oil tea plantation preferably selects pH value 4.5~6.0, and the soil is porous, excessively drained field is planted, and is formally planting Before, cleaning finishing carefully should be carried out to forest land, root out weeds and other shrub tendrils, clear up the residue of other forestry products, Sundries is avoided to influence the growth of oil tea nursery stock.And by way of cultivating and deep-cutting entirely, seedling growth hole has been dug, has been picked in net kind of plant hole Stone, tree root, break soil block, dregs into pieces, soil texture made to become loose, fresh, fine crushing, it is raw conducive to the breathing of oil tea nursery stock It is long.Forest land finely turned over it is whole after, in order to ensure oil tea can grow in fertile soil, need using farmyard manure and phase Close compound fertilizer.During fertilising, it is ensured that soil fertilizer is sufficient, to ensure oil tea plant late growth to the needs of nutrient.
2, seed selection plant:
The kind of tea oil tree should be selected according to the actual conditions of planting site, investigate local weather conditions and soil regime item Part, the plantation height and the time limit of tea oil tree also should be within the scope of the investigations of kind, and general seedling height, which is greater than 15cm, just can guarantee The survival quality of seedling.Before oil tea tree planting, it may be selected that camellia oleifera fruit big, thin skin, seed-producing rate and oil yield are high, resistance is strong Kind carries out plantation afforestation.The plantation of oil tea should first take nursery stock generally in beginning of spring plum rain season before field planting from nutrient bag Out, and excavate backfill cave, the nutrient soil ball of nursery stock be colonized in cave, graft union and ground maintain an equal level, under nursery stock upright state into Go back soil, the soil of having peace of mind backfill, then backfill is supplemented to 5cm left-right position above graft union, prevention and treatment nursery stock infection disease Insect pest also preferably stablizes field planting effect, waters in time after field planting, reaches and determines root effect.Plantation density can choose with every Seeding row spacing and spacing in the rows are kept at a distance from 2~3m or seeding row spacing 3m × 3m, and the backfill that when field planting selects generally uses fertile Soil, and the native compaction in layers of field planting is carried out in backfilling working.
3, forest management: including mainly to foster, apply liquid manure, trimming, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control etc., specific as follows:
1) oil tea Seeding planting is latter belongs to Juvenile Stage until the result stage, needs a large amount of nutrition to meet itself during this Growth demand is the excellent opportunity for expanding root system and tree crown at this time.It can be enough for growth accumulation in the future by adjusting tree management Nutrient, to can smoothly enter into the best fruiting period.Fostering oil tea seedling includes: chesson, removing weeds, righting seedling, fertilising etc. Content, it should be noted that, it applies fertilizer based on phosphorus potash fertilizer, dose should from less to more, be gradually superimposed.
2) oil tea will be got bumper crops, and the supply of Ying Jiaqiang rich water suitably matches phosphorus potash fertilizer in top dressing early period based on high nitrogen fertilizer; Later period chases after based on high phosphorus potash fertilizer.
3) after tea oil tree grows up to, plant branch will appear it is interlaced with each other, squeeze the case where, cause woodland gas permeability, Translucency is poor, also will cause and fights for space each other, forms seasaw battle.Assuming that branch is grown vertically upward, grow it is vigorous will Most of nutrient is absorbed, fruiting is unfavorable for, therefore to carry out plant branch prunes work off, overstocked branch or morbidity branch trimming Fall, it is tree-like to remove interference, enable oil tea to advantageously promote photosynthesis, increases oil tea good harvest.
After the completion of conventional trimming, pressure side shoot is carried out using cage, the operation using cage layer is as follows: every time after trimming The sling height or weight tied up on side shoot are adjusted, i.e., the weight in cage reduces and be increased to ensure that side shoot layering has Sequence growth.Weight placement amount and replacement in cage, which are subject to, keeps 25-60 degree in corresponding side shoot horizontal direction to grow.In principle Side shoot is that the upward layer height of lower layer is gradually increasing, and to ensure each layer ordering growth of side shoot, avoids mutually tangling and blocking, is Branch growth and later period fruiting provide optimal growing space.Layer height can also be adjusted flexibly according to the growth tendency of tree body, With in picturesque disorder between adjacent branch bar, subject to homoepitaxial.
4) it will appear pest and disease damage in tea oil tree growth course, have very big influence to the yield of oil tea.Oil tea disease Insect pest type is more, wherein biggish pest and disease damage of causing harm includes Oil Tea Anthracnose, sooty mould, soft rot, oil tea poison moth, oil tea ruler Earwig, oil tea thorn giant coccid, cluster caterpillar etc..Carry out the preventing and controlling of pest and disease damage, it is ensured that tea oil tree healthy growth is one for realizing high yield Very important factor.Currently, mainly take cultural control, chemical prevention and physical control etc. more during the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control Kind measure.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of this example implantation methods, using cage assisting in preventing and treating, is assisted based on conventional control using cage Operation it is as follows: protective agents are placed on lower cage or are directly placed into upper cage, are overflowed after waving of drug by perforated face sheets, it is right The woods carry out the routine prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.If drug is excessive, need to together with the weight placed in cage calculated weight, and carry out Increasing, the loss of weight operation of adaptation.
Embodiment of the present invention is only the description carried out to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not to the present invention Conception and scope is defined, and under the premise of not departing from design philosophy of the present invention, engineers and technicians are to this hair in this field The all variations and modifications that bright technical solution is made should all fall into protection scope of the present invention, the claimed skill of the present invention Art content, is all described in the claims.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of high-yield planting method of oil tea, including selection of land site preparation, seed selection are transplanted, are fostered, applying liquid manure, trimming and pest and disease damage Prevention and treatment, it is characterised in that this method combines the pruning method of conventional oil tea plantation, presses side shoot mode using cage after completion trimming It afforests, the weight placement amount and replacement in cage, which are subject to, keeps 25-60 degree in corresponding side shoot horizontal direction to grow, in which:
The cage includes the upper cage assembled up and down and lower cage, the cage component in upper cage top portion is arranged in, and be arranged upper and lower Orifice plate between cage;The cage component includes the folding and unfolding drum that upper cage top face is arranged in and is used to wind line, and is connected to the end of a thread The bandage at end;The bottom surface of the upper cage is the perforated face sheets for being evenly equipped with air hole, and the lower cage side is equipped with switch gate.
2. the high-yield planting method of oil tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the upper cage top face is transparent arc Panel, the surrounding of top surface are provided with the water conservancy diversion eaves tilted down, and the inner top surface of the upper cage is also evenly equipped with luminous tube, the water conservancy diversion The bottom surface of eaves is provided with the battery case for placing battery, and the battery connection simultaneously provides power supply to luminous tube.
3. the high-yield planting method of oil tea according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the upper cage and lower cage use It is threadedly coupled, can place weight or drug in upper and lower cage.
4. the high-yield planting method of oil tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the folding and unfolding drum includes fixing In the work shape disk body of upper cage end face center, line is wrapped in the middle part of work shape disk body, and the top surface of work shape disk body is provided with multiple fixations and puts The card slot of line length.
5. the high-yield planting method of oil tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bandage by taking the lead, belt body and Magnetic tape trailer composition, wherein it is described take the lead be with magnetic tape trailer it is multiple, the belt body respectively taken the lead between magnetic tape trailer is structure as a whole.
CN201910695295.1A 2019-07-30 2019-07-30 A kind of high-yield planting method of oil tea Pending CN110268909A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111919654A (en) * 2020-08-24 2020-11-13 福建农林大学 Cultivation method of soft-branch short-foot oolong

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0998668A (en) * 1995-10-05 1997-04-15 Tadashi Mori Weight for correcting tree form
CN104350999A (en) * 2014-11-12 2015-02-18 袁昌选 Culture method for tea-tar camellia young forest with early fruiting and rich yield
WO2016171405A1 (en) * 2015-04-23 2016-10-27 주식회사 한솔영농과학 Device for artificially binding/supporting branches of fruit tree and method therefor
CN205671051U (en) * 2016-06-22 2016-11-09 陈俊法 One planting fruit-trees layer device
CN106718503A (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-05-31 仁怀市龙井葫芦种植专业合作社 A kind of expelling parasite implantation methods of walnut
CN207354944U (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-05-15 甘肃美瑞现代农业有限责任公司 A kind of fruit tree branch pulling sash weight
CN207784077U (en) * 2018-01-24 2018-08-31 永春益丰生态农业专业合作社 A kind of citrus layer device
CN208191461U (en) * 2018-04-17 2018-12-07 泌阳县长旺农业科技发展有限公司 A kind of simple fruit tree layer device

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0998668A (en) * 1995-10-05 1997-04-15 Tadashi Mori Weight for correcting tree form
CN104350999A (en) * 2014-11-12 2015-02-18 袁昌选 Culture method for tea-tar camellia young forest with early fruiting and rich yield
WO2016171405A1 (en) * 2015-04-23 2016-10-27 주식회사 한솔영농과학 Device for artificially binding/supporting branches of fruit tree and method therefor
CN205671051U (en) * 2016-06-22 2016-11-09 陈俊法 One planting fruit-trees layer device
CN106718503A (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-05-31 仁怀市龙井葫芦种植专业合作社 A kind of expelling parasite implantation methods of walnut
CN207354944U (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-05-15 甘肃美瑞现代农业有限责任公司 A kind of fruit tree branch pulling sash weight
CN207784077U (en) * 2018-01-24 2018-08-31 永春益丰生态农业专业合作社 A kind of citrus layer device
CN208191461U (en) * 2018-04-17 2018-12-07 泌阳县长旺农业科技发展有限公司 A kind of simple fruit tree layer device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111919654A (en) * 2020-08-24 2020-11-13 福建农林大学 Cultivation method of soft-branch short-foot oolong

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Application publication date: 20190924