CN110235723A - A kind of implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/10—Devices for affording protection against animals, birds or other pests
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
- A01N57/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
- A01N57/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing aromatic radicals
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field more particularly to a kind of implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam, the implantation methods of the high-quality Chinese yam, comprising the following steps: (1) site preparation loam；(2) it chooses seeds and handles: the Chinese yam stem tuber of the intact no insect pest of epidermis of 7 ~ 9cm long of selection, and incision is prepared in root-inducing powder and impregnates 2 ~ 12h in liquid, then taking out can be planted；(3) it plants；(4) it is retained sun-shading；(5) field management；(6) inhibit the processing of Chinese yam tendril undue growth；(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.Chinese yam implantation methods of the invention, it saves labour turnover, the Chinese yam figure planted, weight are uniform and substantially uniform, and appearance, color are uniform, it is full of nutrition, it solves the problems, such as but appearance is bad, and plantation labor intensive can be greatly reduced, and Chinese yam has disease few, anti- continuous cropping, the features such as polysaccharide and amino acid content are high, and fragrance is denseer, good in taste high with per mu yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field more particularly to a kind of implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam.
Background technique
Chinese yam, i.e. Chinese yam, Chinese yam, alias RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China, native potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, Yu Yan.Herbaceos perennial, vines
Raw, often band purple, root tuber cylinder, leaf spend milky, dioecism to life, elliptical or oval shape.Root tuber is starch-containing and egg
White matter, monocotyledon are widely distributed in the temperate zone and torrid areas in the whole world, and China originates in Shanxipingyao, Jiexiu, is now distributed in China
Each provinces and regions in the Jiangxi in North China, northwest and the Yangtze river basin.
Chinese yam provides edible or medicinal, meat fat meat with its loose root tuber, is rich in starch, multivitamin and choline,
Nutritive value is higher.Chinese yam growth is extensive, can be used for medicinal or commonly eats, very by the welcome of the masses, the huge market demand.
Traditional Chinese yam plantation needs to dig zanjon or plays deep hole plantation, causes harvesting difficulty, time-consuming, and easily damages stem tuber,
Therefore shallow raw slot plantation is generallyd use now.U-type groove plantation or knot potato cylinder planting technology, although avoiding the defect deep-cut,
It is easy in the more local soil of rainwater hardened, influences the growth of Chinese yam stem tuber so that per mu yield is lower；Use knot potato cylinder kind
It plants, although being avoided that influence caused by soil hardening, needs filling soil larger workload into knot potato cylinder when in use, and
The phase causes soil that cannot be filled up completely knot potato cylinder since soil becomes finer and close after planting, influences the absorption of nutrient and then influences
Accumulation of the Chinese yam stem tuber to polysaccharide and amino acid.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of per mu yield height, polysaccharide and amino acid contents
Higher Chinese yam implantation methods.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam, comprising the following steps:
(1) site preparation loam: the soil is porous, fertile, soil layer is deep for selection, the sandy soil that the gradient is 10~15 °, pH value is 6.2 ~ 7.5
Earth, ploughing soil is smooth at the wide 1.4~1.7m of every furrow, furrow and 0.5~0.8m of furrow interval, compound fertilizer is added and makees base fertilizer, then
It ploughs under in soil；
(2) it chooses seeds and handles: the Chinese yam stem tuber of the intact no insect pest of epidermis of 7 ~ 9cm long of selection, and incision is matched in root-inducing powder
2 ~ 12h is impregnated in liquid processed, then taking out can be planted；
(3) it plants: being planted in Clear and Bright to during grain rains, kind section and the spacing distance for planting section are 25~30cm；
(4) be retained sun-shading: by covering cover from sun after having planted, primary every watering in 1 ~ 2 day, watering reaches soil every time
The 40 ~ 60% of saturation degree, holding intensity of illumination is 2000 ~ 3500lx, primary every top dressing in 8 ~ 10 days, and each topdressing amount is 1000
~ 2000kg/ mus.
(5) field management: including weeding, staking, fertility management and water management；
(6) inhibit the processing of Chinese yam tendril undue growth: when Chinese yam tendril winds full entire duplicate rows A-frame, using manual removal
Plant growth inhibitor is sprayed simultaneously after tendril end pin or sprinkling plant growth inhibitor solution or manual removal's tendril end pin
Solution inhibits Chinese yam tendril undue growth, and periodically carries out inhibiting the processing of tendril undue growth, synthesizes photosynthesis organic
The nutrition that object and potato wedge root system absorb is mainly used for the growth of Chinese yam potato wedge；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: in seedling and growth period, with l000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 80% DDVP, 1000 times of liquid,
2.5% 3000 times of time liquid is in plant surface and ground spray；With 2.5% missible oil of Biphenthrin, 3000 times of liquid prevention and treatment red spiders,
Prodenia litura；When prevention and treatment it is noted that control it is early control small, in larva age medication in 1~2 month, spray date is selected at dusk, low capacity spray
Mist, in addition on plant will uniformly other than medicine, plant rhizosphere nearby will also spray on ground.
In order to improve the yield of the Chinese yam, the compound fertilizer is made of the substance of following parts by weight under optimum condition: agriculture
With 60 ~ 100 parts by weight of waste, 50 ~ 80 parts by weight of animal wastes, 5 ~ 12 parts by weight of microbe leaven, 3 ~ 5 weight of polysaccharide
Part, 5 ~ 20 parts by weight of urea, 5 ~ 15 parts by weight of N P and K, 2 ~ 3 parts by weight of humic acid, it is further preferred that the agricultural abandoned
Object is selected from least one of stalk, branch, leaf, Fruit Peel, tendril, such as can be cushaw stem, bagasse, fruit fruit
Skin etc..
Under optimum condition, the microbe leaven is selected from lactic acid bacteria, acetobacter, bacillus subtilis, lichens gemma
At least one of bacillus, jelly bacillus, enterococcus faecalis, bifidocaterium, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces.
Further, the applied amount of the compound fertilizer is 300 ~ 600kg/ mus.
In order to improve the survival rate of Chinese yam, Chinese yam is impregnated in root-inducing powder preparation liquid in the present invention, optimum condition
Under, it includes root-inducing powder and water that the root-inducing powder, which prepares liquid, and the root-inducing powder includes 5 ~ 7 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, 35 ~ 38 weight of dregs of beans
Part, 44 ~ 46 parts by weight of diethylamino ethanol caproate, 7 ~ 10 parts by weight of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 5 ~ 7 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, fish latex 13 ~
17 parts by weight, 36 ~ 38 parts by weight of humic acid potassium, 3 ~ 6 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 30 ~ 33 parts by weight of amino acid, fresh dark plum 40 ~ 42
Parts by weight, 77 ~ 83 parts by weight of wrinkled papaya.It is further preferred that the root-inducing powder prepare the concentration of liquid be 0.0025~
0.005wt%.
In order to promote the growth of the Chinese yam, the yield of Chinese yam is improved, under optimum condition, the sunshade that is covered in step (4)
Object is rice straw or plastic film.
In order to promote the growth of the Chinese yam, the yield of Chinese yam is improved, under optimum condition, the method for the field management
Are as follows:
1) weeding: 50kg sprinkling weeding is watered with 10 milliliters of 60% butachlor ec per acre after rain；
2) staking: after sowing 30 days, most of Chinese yam seedling exposes native face, should insert time bamboo pole in time, pedestrian's cabinet frame in pairs, allows Huaihe River
Mountain rattan winds naturally, prevents tender rattan withered by shining on ground；When inserting bamboo pole, every plant is inserted one, and every piece of kind section is implanted into soil, only quasi-
Perhaps 1 bud is sprouted to form 1 plant, if there are 2 or more plant, should root out in time weak plant；
3) fertility management: every 15 days~20 days top dressing 1 time after Chinese yam full stand seedling, company applies 3 times~4 times, applies compound fertilizer per acre every time
40kg~60kg will cover soil, fertilizer efficiency is avoided to lose after fertilising, nitrogen in compound fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium ratio be 0.7:0.5:1；
4) water management: spring will hold gutter successfully in time；In summer hot and dry weather season, Yao Jinhang, which pours water, to take precautions against drought, and pours water to hold
Ridge furrow upper soll layer has certain humidity, when damage caused by a drought occurs, should keep soil moisture every the water of filling in 10 days, reduce field temperature
Degree；Pouring water should carry out in the dusk, exhaust immediately after filling in 2h~3h.
Under optimum condition, the plant growth inhibitor in step (6) is abscisic acid, cinnamic acid, cumarin, salicylic acid, three
One of iodo-benzoic acid, maleic acid hydrazide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
Chinese yam implantation methods of the invention save labour turnover, and overcome than using planting tube to be easier to add planting matrix
Planting matrix cannot be filled up completely planting tube after the later period planting matrix qualitative change of plantation is close, so that be unfavorable for suction of the root system to nutrient
It receives, hinders the growth and development of stem tuber, the Chinese yam figure planted, weight are uniform and substantially uniform, and appearance, color are uniform, battalion
It supports and enriches, solve the problems, such as but appearance is bad, and plantation labor intensive can be greatly reduced；
By inhibiting Chinese yam tendril undue growth, the nutrition that the organic matter and potato wedge root system for synthesizing photosynthesis absorb mainly is used
It is grown in Chinese yam potato wedge, greatly improves Chinese yam per mu yield.
Chinese yam implantation methods of the present invention have disease few, anti-continuous cropping, and polysaccharide and amino acid content are high, and fragrance is denseer, mouthfeel
The features such as preferably high with per mu yield.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam, comprising the following steps:
(1) site preparation loam: the soil is porous, fertile, soil layer is deep for selection, the sandy soil that the gradient is 10~15 °, pH value is 6.2 ~ 7.5
Earth, ploughing soil is smooth at the wide 1.4~1.7m of every furrow, furrow and 0.5~0.8m of furrow interval, and addition compound fertilizer makees base fertilizer, compound
The applied amount of fertilizer is 300kg/ mus, is then ploughed under in soil；The compound fertilizer by following parts by weight material composition: 100 weight of leaf
Measure part, 80 parts by weight of animal wastes, 2 parts by weight of lactic acid bacteria, 1 parts by weight of acetobacter, 4 parts by weight of enterococcus faecalis, photosynthetic bacteria 5
Parts by weight, 3 parts by weight of polysaccharide, 20 parts by weight of urea, 15 parts by weight of N P and K, 3 parts by weight of humic acid；
(2) it chooses seeds and handles: the Chinese yam stem tuber of the intact no insect pest of epidermis of 7 ~ 9cm long of selection, and incision is matched in root-inducing powder
2h is impregnated in liquid processed, then taking out can be planted；It includes root-inducing powder and water, the root-inducing powder packet that the root-inducing powder, which prepares liquid,
Include 7 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, 38 parts by weight of dregs of beans, 44 parts by weight of diethylamino ethanol caproate, 9 parts by weight of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, phosphoric acid
7 parts by weight of ammonium, 15 parts by weight of fish latex, 38 parts by weight of humic acid potassium, 6 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 33 parts by weight of amino acid, fresh crow
40 parts by weight of plum, 83 parts by weight of wrinkled papaya, the concentration that the root-inducing powder prepares liquid is 0.0025wt%；
(3) it plants: being planted in Clear and Bright to during grain rains, kind section and the spacing distance for planting section are 25~30cm；
(4) it is retained sun-shading: it is primary every watering in 1 ~ 2 day by mulching straw stalk or plastic film after having planted, every time
Watering reaches the 40 ~ 60% of soil saturation degree, and holding intensity of illumination is 2000 ~ 3500lx, primary every top dressing in 8 ~ 10 days, every time
Topdressing amount is 2000kg/ mus.
(5) field management:
1) weeding: 50kg sprinkling weeding is watered with 10 milliliters of 60% butachlor ec per acre after rain；
2) staking: after sowing 30 days, most of Chinese yam seedling exposes native face, should insert time bamboo pole in time, pedestrian's cabinet frame in pairs, allows Huaihe River
Mountain rattan winds naturally, prevents tender rattan withered by shining on ground；When inserting bamboo pole, every plant is inserted one, and every piece of kind section is implanted into soil, only quasi-
Perhaps 1 bud is sprouted to form 1 plant, if there are 2 or more plant, should root out in time weak plant；
3) fertility management: every 15 days~20 days top dressing 1 time after Chinese yam full stand seedling, company applies 3 times~4 times, applies compound fertilizer per acre every time
40kg~60kg will cover soil, fertilizer efficiency is avoided to lose after fertilising, nitrogen in compound fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium ratio be 0.7:0.5:1；
4) water management: spring will hold gutter successfully in time；In summer hot and dry weather season, Yao Jinhang, which pours water, to take precautions against drought, and pours water to hold
Ridge furrow upper soll layer has certain humidity, when damage caused by a drought occurs, should keep soil moisture every the water of filling in 10 days, reduce field temperature
Degree；Pouring water should carry out in the dusk, exhaust immediately after filling in 2h~3h.
(6) inhibit the processing of Chinese yam tendril undue growth: when Chinese yam tendril winds full entire duplicate rows A-frame, using artificial
It is de- that plant growth is sprayed simultaneously after excision tendril end pin or sprinkling plant growth inhibitor solution or manual removal's tendril end pin
Acid solution is fallen, Chinese yam tendril undue growth is inhibited, and periodically carries out inhibiting the processing of tendril undue growth, synthesizes photosynthesis
The nutrition that organic matter and potato wedge root system absorb is mainly used for the growth of Chinese yam potato wedge；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: in seedling and growth period, with l000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 80% DDVP, 1000 times of liquid,
2.5% 3000 times of time liquid is in plant surface and ground spray；With 2.5% missible oil of Biphenthrin, 3000 times of liquid prevention and treatment red spiders,
Prodenia litura；When prevention and treatment it is noted that control it is early control small, in larva age medication in 1~2 month, spray date is selected at dusk, low capacity spray
Mist, in addition on plant will uniformly other than medicine, plant rhizosphere nearby will also spray on ground.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam, comprising the following steps:
Site preparation loam: the soil is porous, fertile, soil layer is deep for selection, the sand soil that the gradient is 10~15 °, pH value is 6.2 ~ 7.5,
Ploughing soil is smooth at the wide 1.4~1.7m of every furrow, furrow and 0.5~0.8m of furrow interval, and addition compound fertilizer makees base fertilizer, compound fertilizer
Applied amount is 600kg/ mus, is then ploughed under in soil；The compound fertilizer by following parts by weight material composition: 100 parts by weight of stalk,
50 parts by weight of animal wastes, 3 parts by weight of jelly bacillus, 2 parts by weight of enterococcus faecalis, 5 parts by weight of polysaccharide, 5 parts by weight of urea,
5 parts by weight of N P and K, 2 parts by weight of humic acid；
(2) it chooses seeds and handles: the Chinese yam stem tuber of the intact no insect pest of epidermis of 7 ~ 9cm long of selection, and incision is matched in root-inducing powder
12h is impregnated in liquid processed, then taking out can be planted；It includes root-inducing powder and water, the root-inducing powder that the root-inducing powder, which prepares liquid,
Including 7 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, 35 parts by weight of dregs of beans, 46 parts by weight of diethylamino ethanol caproate, 8 parts by weight of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, phosphorus
It is sour 5 parts by weight of ammonium, 13 parts by weight of fish latex, 37 parts by weight of humic acid potassium, 3 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 32 parts by weight of amino acid, fresh
42 parts by weight of dark plum, 80 parts by weight of wrinkled papaya, the concentration that the root-inducing powder prepares liquid is 0.005wt%；
(3) it plants: being planted in Clear and Bright to during grain rains, kind section and the spacing distance for planting section are 25~30cm；
(4) it is retained sun-shading: it is primary every watering in 1 ~ 2 day by mulching straw stalk or plastic film after having planted, every time
Watering reaches the 40 ~ 60% of soil saturation degree, and holding intensity of illumination is 2000 ~ 3500lx, primary every top dressing in 8 ~ 10 days, every time
Topdressing amount is ~ 2000kg/ mus.
(5) field management:
1) weeding: 50kg sprinkling weeding is watered with 10 milliliters of 60% butachlor ec per acre after rain；
2) staking: after sowing 30 days, most of Chinese yam seedling exposes native face, should insert time bamboo pole in time, pedestrian's cabinet frame in pairs, allows Huaihe River
Mountain rattan winds naturally, prevents tender rattan withered by shining on ground；When inserting bamboo pole, every plant is inserted one, and every piece of kind section is implanted into soil, only quasi-
Perhaps 1 bud is sprouted to form 1 plant, if there are 2 or more plant, should root out in time weak plant；
3) fertility management: every 15 days~20 days top dressing 1 time after Chinese yam full stand seedling, company applies 3 times~4 times, applies compound fertilizer per acre every time
40kg~60kg will cover soil, fertilizer efficiency is avoided to lose after fertilising, nitrogen in compound fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium ratio be 0.7:0.5:1；
4) water management: spring will hold gutter successfully in time；In summer hot and dry weather season, Yao Jinhang, which pours water, to take precautions against drought, and pours water to hold
Ridge furrow upper soll layer has certain humidity, when damage caused by a drought occurs, should keep soil moisture every the water of filling in 10 days, reduce field temperature
Degree；Pouring water should carry out in the dusk, exhaust immediately after filling in 2h~3h.
(6) inhibit the processing of Chinese yam tendril undue growth: when Chinese yam tendril winds full entire duplicate rows A-frame, using artificial
Plant growth meat is sprayed simultaneously after extracing tendril end pin or sprinkling plant growth inhibitor solution or manual removal's tendril end pin
Cinnamic acid solution inhibits Chinese yam tendril undue growth, and periodically carries out inhibiting the processing of tendril undue growth, synthesizes photosynthesis
The nutrition that organic matter and potato wedge root system absorb is mainly used for the growth of Chinese yam potato wedge；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: in seedling and growth period, with l000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 80% DDVP, 1000 times of liquid,
2.5% 3000 times of time liquid is in plant surface and ground spray；With 2.5% missible oil of Biphenthrin, 3000 times of liquid prevention and treatment red spiders,
Prodenia litura；When prevention and treatment it is noted that control it is early control small, in larva age medication in 1~2 month, spray date is selected at dusk, low capacity spray
Mist, in addition on plant will uniformly other than medicine, plant rhizosphere nearby will also spray on ground.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam, comprising the following steps:
Site preparation loam: the soil is porous, fertile, soil layer is deep for selection, the sand soil that the gradient is 10~15 °, pH value is 6.2 ~ 7.5,
Ploughing soil is smooth at the wide 1.4~1.7m of every furrow, furrow and 0.5~0.8m of furrow interval, and addition compound fertilizer makees base fertilizer, compound fertilizer
Applied amount is 500kg/ mus, is then ploughed under in soil；The compound fertilizer by following parts by weight material composition: 90 parts by weight of stalk,
70 parts by weight of animal wastes, 12 parts by weight of enterococcus faecalis, 5 parts by weight of bifidocaterium, 2 parts by weight of photosynthetic bacteria, 4 parts by weight of polysaccharide,
10 parts by weight of urea, 10 parts by weight of N P and K, 2 parts by weight of humic acid；
(2) it chooses seeds and handles: the Chinese yam stem tuber of the intact no insect pest of epidermis of 7 ~ 9cm long of selection, and incision is matched in root-inducing powder
5h is impregnated in liquid processed, then taking out can be planted；It includes root-inducing powder and water, the root-inducing powder packet that the root-inducing powder, which prepares liquid,
Include 6 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, 38 parts by weight of dregs of beans, 45 parts by weight of diethylamino ethanol caproate, 7 parts by weight of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, phosphoric acid
6 parts by weight of ammonium, 14 parts by weight of fish latex, 36 parts by weight of humic acid potassium, 5 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 30 parts by weight of amino acid, fresh crow
40 parts by weight of plum, 77 parts by weight of wrinkled papaya, the concentration that the root-inducing powder prepares liquid is 0.0045wt%；
(3) it plants: being planted in Clear and Bright to during grain rains, kind section and the spacing distance for planting section are 25~30cm；
(4) it is retained sun-shading: it is primary every watering in 1 ~ 2 day by mulching straw stalk or plastic film after having planted, every time
Watering reaches the 40 ~ 60% of soil saturation degree, and holding intensity of illumination is 2000 ~ 3500lx, primary every top dressing in 8 ~ 10 days, every time
Topdressing amount is 1200kg/ mus.
(5) field management:
1) weeding: 50kg sprinkling weeding is watered with 10 milliliters of 60% butachlor ec per acre after rain；
2) staking: after sowing 30 days, most of Chinese yam seedling exposes native face, should insert time bamboo pole in time, pedestrian's cabinet frame in pairs, allows Huaihe River
Mountain rattan winds naturally, prevents tender rattan withered by shining on ground；When inserting bamboo pole, every plant is inserted one, and every piece of kind section is implanted into soil, only quasi-
Perhaps 1 bud is sprouted to form 1 plant, if there are 2 or more plant, should root out in time weak plant；
3) fertility management: every 15 days~20 days top dressing 1 time after Chinese yam full stand seedling, company applies 3 times~4 times, applies compound fertilizer per acre every time
40kg~60kg will cover soil, fertilizer efficiency is avoided to lose after fertilising, nitrogen in compound fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium ratio be 0.7:0.5:1；
4) water management: spring will hold gutter successfully in time；In summer hot and dry weather season, Yao Jinhang, which pours water, to take precautions against drought, and pours water to hold
Ridge furrow upper soll layer has certain humidity, when damage caused by a drought occurs, should keep soil moisture every the water of filling in 10 days, reduce field temperature
Degree；Pouring water should carry out in the dusk, exhaust immediately after filling in 2h~3h.
(6) inhibit the processing of Chinese yam tendril undue growth: when Chinese yam tendril winds full entire duplicate rows A-frame, using artificial
Plant growth three is sprayed simultaneously after extracing tendril end pin or sprinkling plant growth inhibitor solution or manual removal's tendril end pin
Iodo-benzoic acid solution inhibits Chinese yam tendril undue growth, and periodically carries out inhibiting the processing of tendril undue growth, closes photosynthesis
At organic matter and potato wedge root system absorb nutrition be mainly used for Chinese yam potato wedge growth；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: in seedling and growth period, with l000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 80% DDVP, 1000 times of liquid,
2.5% 3000 times of time liquid is in plant surface and ground spray；With 2.5% missible oil of Biphenthrin, 3000 times of liquid prevention and treatment red spiders,
Prodenia litura；When prevention and treatment it is noted that control it is early control small, in larva age medication in 1~2 month, spray date is selected at dusk, low capacity spray
Mist, in addition on plant will uniformly other than medicine, plant rhizosphere nearby will also spray on ground.
It includes root-inducing powder and water that the root-inducing powder, which prepares liquid, and the root-inducing powder includes 7 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, 35 weight of dregs of beans
Part, 46 parts by weight of diethylamino ethanol caproate, 8 parts by weight of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 5 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 13 parts by weight of fish latex, corruption
37 parts by weight of POTASSIUM PHYTATE, 3 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 32 parts by weight of amino acid, 42 parts by weight of fresh dark plum, 80 weight of wrinkled papaya
Part, the concentration that the root-inducing powder prepares liquid is 0.005wt%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam, comprising the following steps:
Site preparation loam: the soil is porous, fertile, soil layer is deep for selection, the sand soil that the gradient is 10~15 °, pH value is 6.2 ~ 7.5,
Ploughing soil is smooth at the wide 1.4~1.7m of every furrow, furrow and 0.5~0.8m of furrow interval, and addition compound fertilizer makees base fertilizer, compound fertilizer
Applied amount is 450kg/ mus, is then ploughed under in soil；The compound fertilizer by following parts by weight material composition: 90 weight of stalk
Part, 60 parts by weight of animal wastes, 4 parts by weight of lactic acid bacteria, 3 parts by weight of acetobacter, 3 parts by weight of bacillus subtilis, 5 weight of polysaccharide
Measure part, 15 parts by weight of urea, 12 parts by weight of N P and K, 3 parts by weight of humic acid；
(2) it chooses seeds and handles: the Chinese yam stem tuber of the intact no insect pest of epidermis of 7 ~ 9cm long of selection, and incision is matched in root-inducing powder
6h is impregnated in liquid processed, then taking out can be planted；It includes root-inducing powder and water, the root-inducing powder packet that the root-inducing powder, which prepares liquid,
Include 5 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, 35 parts by weight of dregs of beans, 46 parts by weight of diethylamino ethanol caproate, 7 parts by weight of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, phosphoric acid
7 parts by weight of ammonium, 15 parts by weight of fish latex, 38 parts by weight of humic acid potassium, 6 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 33 parts by weight of amino acid, fresh crow
42 parts by weight of plum, 83 parts by weight of wrinkled papaya, the concentration that the root-inducing powder prepares liquid is 0.003wt%；
(3) it plants: being planted in Clear and Bright to during grain rains, kind section and the spacing distance for planting section are 25~30cm；
(4) it is retained sun-shading: it is primary every watering in 1 ~ 2 day by mulching straw stalk or plastic film after having planted, every time
Watering reaches the 40 ~ 60% of soil saturation degree, and holding intensity of illumination is 2000 ~ 3500lx, primary every top dressing in 8 ~ 10 days, every time
Topdressing amount is 1500kg/ mus.
(5) field management:
1) weeding: 50kg sprinkling weeding is watered with 10 milliliters of 60% butachlor ec per acre after rain；
2) staking: after sowing 30 days, most of Chinese yam seedling exposes native face, should insert time bamboo pole in time, pedestrian's cabinet frame in pairs, allows Huaihe River
Mountain rattan winds naturally, prevents tender rattan withered by shining on ground；When inserting bamboo pole, every plant is inserted one, and every piece of kind section is implanted into soil, only quasi-
Perhaps 1 bud is sprouted to form 1 plant, if there are 2 or more plant, should root out in time weak plant；
3) fertility management: every 15 days~20 days top dressing 1 time after Chinese yam full stand seedling, company applies 3 times~4 times, applies compound fertilizer per acre every time
40kg~60kg will cover soil, fertilizer efficiency is avoided to lose after fertilising, nitrogen in compound fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium ratio be 0.7:0.5:1；
4) water management: spring will hold gutter successfully in time；In summer hot and dry weather season, Yao Jinhang, which pours water, to take precautions against drought, and pours water to hold
Ridge furrow upper soll layer has certain humidity, when damage caused by a drought occurs, should keep soil moisture every the water of filling in 10 days, reduce field temperature
Degree；Pouring water should carry out in the dusk, exhaust immediately after filling in 2h~3h.
(6) inhibit the processing of Chinese yam tendril undue growth: when Chinese yam tendril winds full entire duplicate rows A-frame, using artificial
Plant growth water is sprayed simultaneously after extracing tendril end pin or sprinkling plant growth inhibitor solution or manual removal's tendril end pin
Poplar acid solution inhibits Chinese yam tendril undue growth, and periodically carries out inhibiting the processing of tendril undue growth, synthesizes photosynthesis
The nutrition that organic matter and potato wedge root system absorb is mainly used for the growth of Chinese yam potato wedge；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: in seedling and growth period, with l000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 80% DDVP, 1000 times of liquid,
2.5% 3000 times of time liquid is in plant surface and ground spray；With 2.5% missible oil of Biphenthrin, 3000 times of liquid prevention and treatment red spiders,
Prodenia litura；When prevention and treatment it is noted that control it is early control small, in larva age medication in 1~2 month, spray date is selected at dusk, low capacity spray
Mist, in addition on plant will uniformly other than medicine, plant rhizosphere nearby will also spray on ground.
Experiment: after Chinese yam is mature, to the chlorophyll of the Chinese yam in embodiment 1 ~ 4, Chinese yam polysaccharide, amino acid content and mu
Yield is detected, as a result as shown in the table:
Table 1: the nutrient component meter of Chinese yam in embodiment 1 ~ 4.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but it is merely an example, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
It is formed on particular embodiments described above.To those skilled in the art, any couple of present invention carries out equivalent modifications and
Substitution is also all among scope of the invention.Therefore, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention made by equal transformation and
Modification, all should be contained within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam, which comprises the following steps:
(1) site preparation loam: the soil is porous, fertile, soil layer is deep for selection, the sandy soil that the gradient is 10~15 °, pH value is 6.2 ~ 7.5
Earth, ploughing soil is smooth at the wide 1.4~1.7m of every furrow, furrow and 0.5~0.8m of furrow interval, compound fertilizer is added and makees base fertilizer, then
It ploughs under in soil；
(2) it chooses seeds and handles: the Chinese yam stem tuber of the intact no insect pest of epidermis of 7 ~ 9cm long of selection, and incision is matched in root-inducing powder
2 ~ 12h is impregnated in liquid processed, then taking out can be planted；
(3) it plants: being planted in Clear and Bright to during grain rains, kind section and the spacing distance for planting section are 25~30cm；
(4) be retained sun-shading: by covering cover from sun after having planted, primary every watering in 1 ~ 2 day, watering reaches soil every time
The 40 ~ 60% of saturation degree, holding intensity of illumination is 2000 ~ 3500lx, primary every top dressing in 8 ~ 10 days, and each topdressing amount is 1000
~ 2000kg/ mus；
(5) field management: including weeding, staking, fertility management and water management；
(6) inhibit the processing of Chinese yam tendril undue growth: when Chinese yam tendril winds full entire duplicate rows A-frame, using manual removal
Plant growth inhibitor is sprayed simultaneously after tendril end pin or sprinkling plant growth inhibitor solution or manual removal's tendril end pin
Solution inhibits Chinese yam tendril undue growth, and periodically carries out inhibiting the processing of tendril undue growth, synthesizes photosynthesis organic
The nutrition that object and potato wedge root system absorb is mainly used for the growth of Chinese yam potato wedge；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: in seedling and growth period, with l000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 80% DDVP, 1000 times of liquid,
2.5% 3000 times of time liquid is in plant surface and ground spray；With 2.5% missible oil of Biphenthrin, 3000 times of liquid prevention and treatment red spiders,
Prodenia litura；When prevention and treatment it is noted that control it is early control small, in larva age medication in 1~2 month, spray date is selected at dusk, low capacity spray
Mist, in addition on plant will uniformly other than medicine, plant rhizosphere nearby will also spray on ground.
2. the implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the compound fertilizer is by following weight
The substance of part is made: 60 ~ 100 parts by weight of agricultural waste gurry, 50 ~ 80 parts by weight of animal wastes, 5 ~ 12 weight of microbe leaven
Part, 3 ~ 5 parts by weight of polysaccharide, 5 ~ 20 parts by weight of urea, 5 ~ 15 parts by weight of N P and K, 2 ~ 3 parts by weight of humic acid.
3. the implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the applied amount of the compound fertilizer is
300 ~ 600kg/ mus.
4. the implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the root-inducing powder prepares liquid and includes
Root-inducing powder and water, root-inducing powder include 5 ~ 7 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, 35 ~ 38 parts by weight of dregs of beans, diethylamino ethanol caproate 44 ~ 46
Parts by weight, 7 ~ 10 parts by weight of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 5 ~ 7 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 13 ~ 17 parts by weight of fish latex, 36 ~ 38 weight of humic acid potassium
Part, 3 ~ 6 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 30 ~ 33 parts by weight of amino acid, 40 ~ 42 parts by weight of fresh dark plum, 77 ~ 83 parts by weight of wrinkled papaya.
5. the implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the root-inducing powder prepares the dense of liquid
Degree is 0.0025~0.005wt%.
6. the implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sunshade covered in step (4)
Object is rice straw or plastic film.
7. the implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the method for the field management
Are as follows:
1) weeding: 50kg sprinkling weeding is watered with 10 milliliters of 60% butachlor ec per acre after rain；
2) staking: after sowing 30 days, most of Chinese yam seedling exposes native face, should insert time bamboo pole in time, pedestrian's cabinet frame in pairs, allows Huaihe River
Mountain rattan winds naturally, prevents tender rattan withered by shining on ground；When inserting bamboo pole, every plant is inserted one, and every piece of kind section is implanted into soil, only quasi-
Perhaps 1 bud is sprouted to form 1 plant, if there are 2 or more plant, should root out in time weak plant；
3) fertility management: every 15 days~20 days top dressing 1 time after Chinese yam full stand seedling, company applies 3 times~4 times, applies compound fertilizer per acre every time
40kg~60kg will cover soil, fertilizer efficiency is avoided to lose after fertilising, nitrogen in compound fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium ratio be 0.7:0.5:1；
4) water management: spring will hold gutter successfully in time；In summer hot and dry weather season, Yao Jinhang, which pours water, to take precautions against drought, and pours water to hold
Ridge furrow upper soll layer has certain humidity, when damage caused by a drought occurs, should keep soil moisture every the water of filling in 10 days, reduce field temperature
Degree；Pouring water should carry out in the dusk, exhaust immediately after filling in 2h~3h.
8. the implantation methods of high-quality Chinese yam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the plant growth in step (6)
Inhibitor is one of abscisic acid, cinnamic acid, cumarin, salicylic acid, Triiodobenzoic acid, maleic acid hydrazide.
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| CN117126016A (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-11-28 | 中国农业科学院特产研究所 | Preparation and application methods of plant nutrition conditioner based on marine oligomeric amino polysaccharide |
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Application publication date: 20190917 |