CN110179064A - 一种清凉烤鸭的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种清凉烤鸭的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110179064A CN110179064A CN201910461354.9A CN201910461354A CN110179064A CN 110179064 A CN110179064 A CN 110179064A CN 201910461354 A CN201910461354 A CN 201910461354A CN 110179064 A CN110179064 A CN 110179064A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- duck
- parts
- refrigerant
- meat
- meat duck
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N D-ribofuranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N Ribose Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-D-Furanose-Ribose Natural products OCC1OC(O)C(O)C1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004278 EU approved seasoning Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000203593 Piper nigrum Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013614 black pepper Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000062241 Kaempferia galanga Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013421 Kaempferia galanga Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009917 Crataegus X brevipes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013204 Crataegus X haemacarpa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009685 Crataegus X maligna Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009444 Crataegus X rubrocarnea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009486 Crataegus bullatus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000017181 Crataegus chrysocarpa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009682 Crataegus limnophila Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000000171 Crataegus monogyna Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000004423 Crataegus monogyna Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000002313 Crataegus paludosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009840 Crataegus x incaedua Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000218231 Moraceae Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000004371 Panax ginseng Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000223014 Syzygium aromaticum Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000016639 Syzygium aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000273928 Zingiber officinale Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000006886 Zingiber officinale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008397 ginger Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000206672 Gelidium Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000246386 Mentha pulegium Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000016257 Mentha pulegium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000004357 Mentha x piperita Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000001050 hortel pimenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 108010059642 isinglass Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052627 muscovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013555 soy sauce Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000008574 Capsicum frutescens Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000037364 Cinnamomum aromaticum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014489 Cinnamomum aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000006927 Foeniculum vulgare Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000004204 Foeniculum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000004760 Pimpinella anisum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012550 Pimpinella anisum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000436 anus Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001390 capsicum minimum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940076988 freshmint Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000004611 garlic Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001931 piper nigrum l. white Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000009636 Huang Qi Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000291564 Allium cepa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000008534 Capsicum annuum var annuum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000008384 Capsicum annuum var. annuum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000020518 Carthamus tinctorius Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003255 Carthamus tinctorius Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 abstract description 8
- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 206010019345 Heat stroke Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 7
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- DOUMFZQKYFQNTF-WUTVXBCWSA-N (R)-rosmarinic acid Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)O)OC(=O)\C=C\C=1C=C(O)C(O)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 DOUMFZQKYFQNTF-WUTVXBCWSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000234282 Allium Species 0.000 description 5
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000013409 condiments Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N (+)-Neomenthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-menthol Natural products CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229940041616 menthol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930184857 Asterin Natural products 0.000 description 3
- YWGAKIGNXGAAQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Astin C Natural products N1C(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CC)NC(=O)C2C(Cl)C(Cl)CN2C(=O)C(CC)NC(=O)CC1C1=CC=CC=C1 YWGAKIGNXGAAQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZZAFFYPNLYCDEP-HNNXBMFYSA-N Rosmarinsaeure Natural products OC(=O)[C@H](Cc1cccc(O)c1O)OC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)c(O)c2 ZZAFFYPNLYCDEP-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 108010051204 asterin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- YTMNONATNXDQJF-UBNZBFALSA-N chrysanthemin Chemical compound [Cl-].O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC2=C(O)C=C(O)C=C2[O+]=C1C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 YTMNONATNXDQJF-UBNZBFALSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001525 mentha piperita l. herb oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019477 peppermint oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- DOUMFZQKYFQNTF-MRXNPFEDSA-N rosemarinic acid Natural products C([C@H](C(=O)O)OC(=O)C=CC=1C=C(O)C(O)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 DOUMFZQKYFQNTF-MRXNPFEDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TVHVQJFBWRLYOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rosmarinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(Cc1ccc(O)c(O)c1)OC(=Cc2ccc(O)c(O)c2)C=O TVHVQJFBWRLYOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000000697 sensory organ Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000004880 Polyuria Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035619 diuresis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001771 mentha piperita Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013594 poultry meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020995 raw meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010028813 Nausea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000007443 Neurasthenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012287 Prolapse Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000005392 Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001142 anti-diarrhea Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010003119 arrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006793 arrhythmia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010003549 asthenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001914 calming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008845 cholagoga Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124571 cholagogue Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021270 cold food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002213 flavones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000013595 glycosylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006206 glycosylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004217 heart function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000023597 hemostasis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012633 leachable Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003071 maltose group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008693 nausea Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005195 poor health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020989 red meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015067 sauces Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013547 stew Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001256 tonic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000004371 toothache Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/40—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof containing additives
- A23L13/42—Additives other than enzymes or microorganisms in meat products or meat meals
- A23L13/428—Addition of flavours, spices, colours, amino acids or their salts, peptides, vitamins, yeast extract or autolysate, nucleic acid or derivatives, organic acidifying agents or their salts or acidogens, sweeteners, e.g. sugars or sugar alcohols; Addition of alcohol-containing products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/50—Poultry products, e.g. poultry sausages
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/70—Tenderised or flavoured meat pieces; Macerating or marinating solutions specially adapted therefor
- A23L13/72—Tenderised or flavoured meat pieces; Macerating or marinating solutions specially adapted therefor using additives, e.g. by injection of solutions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/70—Tenderised or flavoured meat pieces; Macerating or marinating solutions specially adapted therefor
- A23L13/76—Tenderised or flavoured meat pieces; Macerating or marinating solutions specially adapted therefor by treatment in a gaseous atmosphere, e.g. ageing or ripening; by electrical treatment, irradiation or wave treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/36—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23L3/365—Thawing subsequent to freezing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
- A23L5/32—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation using phonon wave energy, e.g. sound or ultrasonic waves
Abstract
本发明公开一种清凉烤鸭的制备方法,包括:采用氮气气泡循环解冻法将冻藏的整鸭进行解冻;采用超声引导真空注射入味技术向整鸭中注射清凉汁浓缩盐溶液,并进行入味处理;将配制的中药调味料由肉鸭鸭翅下开口处塞入鸭子体内,在鸭子表皮涂刷一层饴糖、蜂蜜、核糖混合液;采用二步烤制法进行烤制,即可得到清凉鸭熟食制品。采用此技术可将清凉口味充分入味、减少鸭肉腥味,提高鸭肉嫩度,经二步烤制后得到清凉鸭,口感清凉香酥、外酥里嫩,清香扑鼻,且具有清凉解暑,滋阴补虚的作用,是夏季消暑去热的佳品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及禽肉加工领域,尤其是一种烤鸭的制备方法。
背景技术
鸭肉营养价值很高,其蛋白质含量比畜肉高很多,且脂肪、碳水化合物含量适中。据《本草纲目》记载:鸭肉“主大补虚劳,最消毒热,利小便,除水肿,消胀满,利脏腑,退疮肿,定惊痫”,因此,烤鸭一直是餐桌上的上乘肴馈,其具有外酥里嫩,香味四溢,滋阴补肾等优势。然而,由于夏季天气燥热,人们胃口较差,不宜食用油荤类食品,夏季的市场销售不好。如何使烤鸭在夏季食用时具有清凉香脆、胃口大开的口感是我国烤鸭加工和生产企业研发重点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种清凉烤鸭的制备方法,以烤鸭的清凉香脆口感为目的,将清凉汁注入肉鸭体内,利用超声引导真空注射入味等技术进行肉鸭的腌制,使清凉汁中的薄荷油、薄荷醇、迷迭香酸、菊甙、菊色素、柠檬精油等有效成分与肉鸭内的蛋白质在超声波空化效果下进行相互作用,减少鸭肉的腥味,提高鸭肉的嫩度。经本技术得到的清凉鸭,其口感清凉香酥、外酥里嫩,清香扑鼻,且具有清凉解暑,滋阴补虚的作用,是夏季消暑去热的佳品。
本发明的技术方案为:一种清凉烤鸭的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)肉鸭解冻:选取完整无破皮的肉鸭,放入冻肉氮气气泡解冻池中进行解冻。
(2)清凉汁浓缩盐溶液制备:将新鲜薄荷叶、新鲜雪菊和柠檬按(4~6):(4~6):1的比例添加到氯化钠盐溶液中,与(5~6)%的氯化钠盐溶液按照质量体积比m:v=1:(4~5)的比例混合,使用超微分散机打汁粉碎,过60~100目过滤网。
此处选择新鲜薄荷叶、新鲜雪菊和柠檬按(4~6):(4~6):1的比例进行混合,此时清凉汁中薄荷醇和黄酮总量含量适宜,其抗菌性和抗氧化活性最强,注射到肉鸭中以后,肉鸭的pH值为5.5~6.0,口感最佳。
不同比例条件下,清凉汁浓缩盐溶液的抗菌、抗氧化活性和注射到肉鸭中的pH值和口感如下表:
(3)超声引导真空注射入味:采用超声引导真空注射技术,按照8~10mL/kg的注射量将清凉汁浓缩盐溶液均匀注射到肉鸭体内,超声引导功率为50~60W/cm3,超声时间为20~30分钟,同时抽真空度达到0.08~0.1MPa。
该步骤是将超声引导和真空注射相结合,一方面促进清凉汁浓缩盐溶液迅速均匀的分散到肉鸭体内,且超声功率控制在50~60W/cm3,超声时间为20~30分钟,既保证分散均匀,又保证肉鸭质构不变;另一方面通过抽真空使清凉汁迅速充满真空缝隙,既提高均匀度,又减少肉鸭中空气的存在,减少肉鸭红肉的氧化,提高产品品质。
(4)中药调味料包的配制:本发明中的调料包主要包括固体调料包和液体调料,固体调料包包括鱼明胶1-3份,20味中药调味料和3种调味料,中药调味料包括:青花椒1~2份,红花椒1~2份,八角大料1~3份,茴香1~3份,辣椒2~5份,桑葚2~5份、桑叶2~5份、黄芪1~2份,丁香1~3份,桂皮1~2份,白胡椒1~2份,黑胡椒1~2份,山楂1~3份,陈皮1~3份,当归1~2份,柠檬叶1~3份,薄荷1~3份,人参1~2份,生姜3~7份,良姜3~7份;3种调味料包括白糖2~5份,葱3~7份,蒜3~7份;装于香料包中。
液体调料包括酱油8~10份,料酒8~10份,醋1~3份和20~25份水。
按照每公斤鸭子20~30g固体调味料和15~20g液体调味料加入,从肉鸭鸭翅下开口塞入体内,用塞子将鸭子肛门堵住,加入调味料后,将肉鸭开口缝合。
本发明中将鱼明胶和中药调味料一起装入肉鸭体内,可以使中药调味料的溶出物迅速与明胶大分子形成复合物,提高食用过程中的后味,另外,通过明胶大分子的包裹作用,可以减少中药调味料的香味物质与清凉汁中的清凉物质相互作用,减少杂味产生。
本发明通过选用具有20味中药调料香料的调味料进行卤制,20味中药香料的配伍搭配可以减除鸭肉腥味,使肉质鲜嫩,肉香味浓郁,食用时鲜香盈口,满室芬芳,香味浑厚,后味十足。
本发明中除了有香辛料调味料以外,还有中药调味料,包括桑葚2~5份、桑叶2~5份、黄芪1~2份,丁香1~3份,山楂1~3份,陈皮1~3份,当归1~2份,柠檬叶1~3份,薄荷1~3份,人参1~2份,生姜3~7份,良姜3~7份。
桑葚:性味甘寒,具有补肝益肾、生津润燥、乌发明目等功效。
桑叶:疏散风热,清肺润燥,平肝明目,凉血止血。
黄芪:性甘,微温,有增强机体免疫功能、保肝、利尿、抗衰老、抗应激、降压和较广泛的抗菌作用。
丁香:辛,温。归脾、胃、肺、肾经。畏郁金。温中降逆,散寒止痛,温肾助阳。
山楂:具有降血脂、血压、强心、抗心律不齐等作用,同时也是健脾开胃、消食化滞、活血化痰的良药。
陈皮:味苦、辛,性温。理气健脾,燥湿化痰。
当归:甘、辛、温,专能补血,其气轻而辛,故又能行血,补中有动,行中有补,为血中之要药。
柠檬叶:味辛、甘、微苦,性微温。化痰止咳,理气和胃,止泻。
薄荷叶:可以健胃祛风、祛痰、利胆、抗痉挛,改善感冒发烧、咽喉、肿痛,并消除头痛、牙痛、恶心感。还可除腥提味。
人参:味甘、微苦,性温、平。归脾、肺经、心经。补气,固脱,生津,安神,益智,著名强壮滋补药,适用于调整血压、恢复心脏功能、神经衰弱及身体虚弱等症,也有祛痰、健胃、利尿、兴奋等功效。
生姜:具有发散、止呕、止咳等功效,还可除腥提味。
良姜:良姜能辛散温通,散寒止痛,为治疗胃寒脘腹冷痛之常用药,对夏日寒凉食品引起的胃寒有疗效。
在炎热的夏天,人体在高温的刺激下,新陈代谢加速,能量消耗增加,睡眠减少,食欲下降,多食冰寒食品,很容易疲劳,胃寒,体质也往往会受到影响。因此,以补气益血、散寒抗炎的中药进行配伍,加上鸭肉的滋补益血、清虚热、利水、养胃、补肾等功效,制备的酱卤肉鸭制品是人们抗御暑邪、增强抵抗力的佳品。
(5)挂糖:将糖饴、蜂蜜、核糖按照比例混合,制备成糖液,均匀地涂抹于晾干的肉鸭表皮。
(6)冷风凉坯:采用隧道式冷风干燥装置进行挂糖肉鸭的干燥,冷风温度为8~10℃,在18~22分钟内实现肉鸭表皮的干燥。
(7)烘烤:将挂糖的肉鸭挂在烤炉中进行烤制,烤制温度为分段式烤制。
(8)包装。
所述的气泡循环解冻的气泡频率为50~60Hz,水温8~10℃,解冻时间25~30分钟,气泡为氮气。
选用氮气气泡解冻法,解冻过程中,氮气填充解冻后冰晶溶解过程中产生的空隙,还能提高后续清凉汁中有效成分的抗菌活性和抗氧化活性。
比较水流解冻、空气气泡解冻、二氧化碳气泡解冻、氧气气泡解冻、微波解冻、氮气气泡解冻等方法对肉鸭解冻的优缺点:
所述糖液配制比例为糖饴:蜂蜜:核糖按照(4~6):(2~4):(1~2)的比例混合,每100g糖混合物添加15~20mL水。调节pH值7.0~8.0,制备成糖液,均匀地涂抹于晾干的肉鸭表皮。
本发明提供的清凉烤鸭的制备方法,所述挂糖步骤中采用的糖汁由糖饴、蜂蜜、核糖按照质量比(4~6):(2~4):(1~2)的比例混合得到。该配方可充分利用核糖在美拉德反应过程中的最强活性,使鸭皮表面颜色鲜亮,同时饴糖和蜂蜜的黏稠度和特殊风味,使鸭皮在烤制过程中具有特殊怡人的香味,备受消费者欢迎。
核糖所占比例和pH值对烤鸭颜色的影响:
核糖所占比例 | a | b | L | 感官 |
0% | 3.84 | 18.76 | 88.56 | 浅黄色 |
10% | 10.35 | 25.68 | 89.69 | 黄色 |
20% | 15.36 | 29.87 | 86.47 | 金黄色 |
30% | 20.89 | 38.47 | 80.46 | 黄褐色 |
40% | 28.67 | 45.78 | 75.14 | 褐色 |
50% | 34.79 | 55.70 | 60.81 | 深褐色 |
pH值 | a | b | L | 感官 |
5.5 | 2.47 | 17.57 | 87.16 | 淡黄色 |
6.0 | 3.54 | 19.58 | 86.47 | 淡黄色 |
6.5 | 12.68 | 20.89 | 85.67 | 黄色 |
7.0 | 16.78 | 30.91 | 87.49 | 金黄色 |
7.5 | 18.79 | 37.81 | 85.16 | 金黄色 |
8.0 | 22.87 | 45.71 | 80.14 | 黄褐色 |
8.5 | 30.68 | 51.61 | 77.28 | 褐色 |
所述烤制温度为分段式烤制,第一段的烤制温度为155~170℃,烤制时间为30~50分钟;第二段的烤制温度为190~205℃,烤制时间为15~25分钟。
本发明的优点在于:针对肉鸭质地紧实的特点,利用超声引导真空注射在肉鸭体内注射一定量的清凉汁浓缩盐溶液,经过超声波空穴效应和真空压缩两种作用力叠加处理,使清凉汁浓缩盐溶液在肉鸭体内均匀分布,且清凉汁中的薄荷油、薄荷醇、迷迭香酸、菊甙、菊色素、柠檬精油等有效成分与肉鸭内的蛋白质在超声波空化效应下进行相互作用,可以减少鸭肉的腥味,提高鸭肉的嫩度。
根据肉鸭中蛋白质、脂肪的特点,将20味中药调味料和普通调味料配制香料包置于肉鸭膛内,在烤制过程中香料气味进入肉鸭体内并与清凉汁中的有效成分发生相互作用,使肉鸭香脆可口,清凉鲜嫩。
本发明在挂糖方面使用的糖液为糖饴、蜂蜜、核糖按照(4~6):(2~4):(1~2)比例配制的混合液,该配方可充分利用核糖在美拉德反应过程中的最强活性,使鸭皮表面颜色鲜亮,同时饴糖和蜂蜜的黏稠度和特殊风味,使鸭皮在烤制过程中具有特殊的香味。
本发明在挂糖后的肉鸭酮体风干过程中采用了隧道式冷风干燥装置,冷风温度为8~10℃,可以在18~22分钟内实现肉鸭表皮的干燥,减少凉坯过程中微生物的滋生,保证产品的品质和安全。
本发明的肉鸭烤制阶段采用的是分段式烤制,第一段烤制时间30~50分钟,烤制温度155~170℃,该阶段温度较低,使肉鸭缓慢烤制,体内香料逐渐浸透肉鸭酮体,油脂渗入体表;第二段烤制时间15~25分钟,烤制温度190~205℃,该阶段温度较高,使肉鸭表皮的糖液发生充分的糖基化反应,提高表皮的鲜亮程度和香酥口感。
具体实施方式
一种清凉烤鸭的制备方法,包括如下工艺步骤:
(1)肉鸭解冻:选取完整无破皮的肉鸭,采用气泡循环解冻法进行解冻,气泡频率为60Hz,水温8℃,解冻时间30分钟,气泡为氮气。
(2)清凉汁浓缩盐溶液制备:取100g新鲜薄荷叶、新鲜雪菊和柠檬,三者按照质量比4:6:1进行混合,加入500mL质量分数为5%的氯化钠盐溶液,在超微分散机中进行打汁粉碎2分钟,使原料完全粉碎在盐溶液中,过80目滤网;(新鲜是指采摘后在4~10℃冷库中储存60天以内的薄荷叶、雪菊原料)。
(3)超声引导真空注射入味:采用超声引导注射技术,按照10mL/kg的注射量将清凉浓缩盐溶液均匀注射到肉鸭体内,超声引导功率为60W/cm3,超声时间为20分钟,同时抽真空度达到0.1MPa。
(4)中药调味料包的配制:本发明中的调料包主要包括固体调料包和液体调料,固体调料包包括鱼明胶1-3份,20味中药调味料和3种普通调味料,中药调料包括:青花椒1~2份,红花椒1~2份,八角大料1~3份,茴香1~3份,辣椒2~5份,桑葚2~5份、桑叶2~5份、黄芪1~2份,丁香1~3份,桂皮1~2份,白胡椒1~2份,黑胡椒1~2份,山楂1~3份,陈皮1~3份,当归1~2份,柠檬叶1~3份,薄荷1~3份,人参1~2份,生姜3~7份,良姜3~7份;3种普通调味料包括白糖2~5份,葱3~7份,蒜3~7份,固体调料包装于香料包中;
液体调料包括酱油8~10份,料酒8~10份,醋1~3份和20~25份水;
按照每公斤鸭子20~30g固体调味料和15~20g液体调味料加入,从肉鸭鸭翅下开口塞入体内,用塞子将鸭子肛门堵住,加入调味料后,将肉鸭开口缝合。
(5)挂糖:将糖饴、蜂蜜、核糖按照5:5:1的比例混合,每100g糖混合物添加20mL水即得到糖液,调节pH值为7.5,将糖液均匀地涂抹于晾干的肉鸭表皮。
(6)冷风凉坯:采用隧道式冷风干燥装置进行挂糖肉鸭的干燥,冷风温度为8℃,可以在18分钟内实现肉鸭表皮的干燥。
(7)烘烤:将挂糖的肉鸭挂在烤炉中进行烤制,烤制温度为分段式烤制,第一段烤制时间40分钟,烤制温度160℃,第二段烤制时间20分钟,烤制温度200℃。
(8)包装。
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1:本实施例提供一种清凉烤鸭的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)肉鸭解冻:普通冲水解冻,解冻水温20℃,时间为2小时。
(2)浓缩盐溶液制备:配制质量分数为5%的氯化钠盐溶液。
(3)超声引导真空注射入味:采用超声引导注射技术,按照10mL/kg的注射量将清凉浓缩盐溶液均匀注射到肉鸭体内,超声引导功率为55W/cm3,超声时间为30分钟,同时抽真空度达到0.1MPa。
(4)中药调味料包的配制:本发明中的调料包主要包括固体调料包和液体调料,固体调料包包括鱼明胶1-3份,20味中药调味料和3种普通调味料,中药调料包括:青花椒1~2份,红花椒1~2份,八角大料1~3份,茴香1~3份,辣椒2~5份,桑葚2~5份、桑叶2~5份、黄芪1~2份,丁香1~3份,桂皮1~2份,白胡椒1~2份,黑胡椒1~2份,山楂1~3份,陈皮1~3份,当归1~2份,柠檬叶1~3份,薄荷1~3份,人参1~2份,生姜3~7份,良姜3~7份。3种普通调味料包括白糖2~5份,葱3~7份,蒜3~7份。装于香料包中,从肉鸭鸭翅下开口塞入体内,用塞子将鸭子肛门堵住;
液体调料包括酱油8~10份,料酒8~10份,醋1~3份和20~25份水;按照每公斤鸭子20~30g固体调味料和15~20g液体调味料加入,加入调味料后,将肉鸭开口缝合。
(5)挂糖:糖饴、蜂蜜、核糖按照6:2:1的比例混合,每100g糖混合物添加20mL水即得到糖液,调节pH值为7.5,将糖液均匀地涂抹于晾干的肉鸭表皮。
(6)冷风凉坯:采用隧道式冷风干燥装置进行挂糖肉鸭的干燥,冷风温度为10℃,可以在22分钟内实现肉鸭表皮的干燥。
(7)烘烤:将挂糖的肉鸭挂在烤炉中进行烤制,烤制温度为分段式烤制,第一段烤制时间40分钟,烤制温度160℃,第二段烤制时间20分钟,烤制温度200℃。
(8)包装。
实施例2:本实施例提供一种清凉烤鸭的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)肉鸭解冻:普通冲水解冻,解冻水温20℃,时间为2小时。
(2)清凉浓缩盐溶液制备:将新鲜薄荷叶、新鲜雪菊和柠檬按5:5:1的比例添加到氯化钠盐溶液,与5%的氯化钠盐溶液按照m:v=1:5比例混合,使用超微分散机打汁粉碎,过80目过滤网。
(3)静置入味:将清凉汁浓缩盐溶液涂膜与肉鸭表面,用保鲜膜包好,置于4℃条件下进行静置入味。
(4)中药调味料包的配制:本发明中的调料包主要包括固体调料包和液体调料,固体调料包包括鱼明胶1-3份,20味中药调味料和3种普通调味料,中药调料包括:青花椒1~2份,红花椒1~2份,八角大料1~3份,茴香1~3份,辣椒2~5份,桑葚2~5份、桑叶2~5份、黄芪1~2份,丁香1~3份,桂皮1~2份,白胡椒1~2份,黑胡椒1~2份,山楂1~3份,陈皮1~3份,当归1~2份,柠檬叶1~3份,薄荷1~3份,人参1~2份,生姜3~7份,良姜3~7份。3种普通调味料包括白糖2~5份,葱3~7份,蒜3~7份。装于香料包中,从肉鸭鸭翅下开口塞入体内,用塞子将鸭子肛门堵住;
液体调料包括酱油8~10份,料酒8~10份,醋1~3份和20~25份水;按照每公斤鸭子20~30g固体调味料和15~20g液体调味料加入,加入调味料后,将肉鸭开口缝合。
(5)挂糖:糖饴、蜂蜜、核糖按照5:4:1的比例混合,每100g糖混合物添加20mL水即得到糖液,调节pH值为7.5,将糖液均匀地涂抹于晾干的肉鸭表皮。
(6)冷风凉坯:采用隧道式冷风干燥装置进行挂糖肉鸭的干燥,冷风温度为10℃,可以在22分钟内实现肉鸭表皮的干燥。
(7)烘烤:将挂糖的肉鸭挂在烤炉中进行烤制,烤制温度为分段式烤制,第一段烤制时间40分钟,烤制温度160℃,第二段烤制时间20分钟,烤制温度200℃。
(8)包装。
实施例3:本实施例提供一种清凉烤鸭的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)肉鸭解冻:选取完整无破皮的肉鸭,采用氮气气泡循环解冻法进行解冻,气泡频率为60Hz,水温8℃,解冻时间30分钟,气泡为充氮气产生。
(2)清凉浓缩盐溶液制备:将新鲜薄荷叶、新鲜雪菊和柠檬按5:5:1的比例添加到氯化钠盐溶液,与5%的氯化钠盐溶液按照m:v=1:5比例混合,使用超微分散机打汁粉碎,过80目过滤网。
(3)超声引导真空注射入味:采用超声引导注射技术,按照10mL/kg的注射量将清凉浓缩盐溶液均匀注射到肉鸭体内,超声引导功率为600W,超声时间为20-30分钟,同时抽真空度达到0.1MPa。
(4)中药调味料包的配制:本发明中的调料包主要包括固体调料包和液体调料,固体调料包包括鱼明胶1-3份,20味中药调味料和3种普通调味料,中药调料包括:青花椒1~2份,红花椒1~2份,八角大料1~3份,茴香1~3份,辣椒2~5份,桑葚2~5份、桑叶2~5份、黄芪1~2份,丁香1~3份,桂皮1~2份,白胡椒1~2份,黑胡椒1~2份,山楂1~3份,陈皮1~3份,当归1~2份,柠檬叶1~3份,薄荷1~3份,人参1~2份,生姜3~7份,良姜3~7份。3种普通调味料包括白糖2~5份,葱3~7份,蒜3~7份。装于香料包中,从肉鸭鸭翅下开口塞入体内,用塞子将鸭子肛门堵住;
液体调料包括酱油8~10份,料酒8~10份,醋1~3份和20~25份水;按照每公斤鸭子20~30g固体调味料和15~20g液体调味料加入,加入调味料后,将肉鸭开口缝合;
(5)挂糖:糖饴、蜂蜜、核糖按照5:4:1的比例混合,每100g糖混合物添加20mL水即得到糖液,调节pH值为7.5,将糖液均匀地涂抹于晾干的肉鸭表皮。
(6)冷风凉坯:采用隧道式冷风干燥装置进行挂糖肉鸭的干燥,冷风温度为10℃,可以在22分钟内实现肉鸭表皮的干燥。
(6)冷风凉坯:采用隧道式冷风干燥装置进行挂糖肉鸭的干燥,冷风温度为8℃,可以在18分钟内实现肉鸭表皮的干燥。
(7)烘烤:将挂糖的肉鸭挂在烤炉中进行烤制,烤制温度为分段式烤制,第一段烤制时间40分钟,烤制温度160℃,第二段烤制时间20分钟,烤制温度200℃。
(8)包装。
实施例效果分析:
烤鸭感官和理化指标
通过分析可知,与实施例1和实施例2相比,实施例3生产所得清凉鸭的口感、品质更好,其具有均一的清凉感,肉质紧实,在解冻过程中和晾干过程中微生物均未超标,且无腥味,感官评分则明显更高。本发明通过超声引导真空注射入味技术将清凉汁浓缩盐溶液注射进肉鸭体内,在超声波和真空条件下进行充分入味和反应,超声波具有较强的穿透力,在其振动和空化作用下,清凉汁浓缩盐溶液在肉鸭体内均匀分布,且清凉汁中的清凉汁中的薄荷油、薄荷醇、迷迭香酸、菊甙、菊色素、柠檬精油等有效成分与肉鸭内的蛋白质在超声波作用下相互作用,减少鸭肉的腥味,提高鸭肉的嫩度;利用糖饴、蜂蜜、核糖按照5:3:2比例的混合液进行挂糖,在隧道式冷风干燥过程中使肉鸭迅速晾干,经过二步烤制后可以得到颜色鲜亮、外酥里内、香味四溢的清凉烤鸭,且具有清凉解暑,滋阴补虚的作用,是夏季消暑去热的佳品。
Claims (4)
1.一种清凉烤鸭的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)肉鸭解冻:选取完整无破皮的肉鸭,放入冻肉氮气气泡解冻池中进行解冻;
(2)清凉汁浓缩盐溶液制备:将新鲜薄荷叶、新鲜雪菊和柠檬按(4~6):(4~6):1的比例添加到氯化钠盐溶液中,与 (5~6)%的氯化钠盐溶液按照m:v=1:(4~5)的比例混合,使用超微分散机打汁粉碎,过60~100目过滤网;
(3)超声引导真空注射入味:采用超声引导真空注射技术,按照8~10mL/kg的注射量将清凉汁浓缩盐溶液均匀注射到肉鸭体内,超声引导功率为50~60W/cm3,超声时间为20~30分钟,同时抽真空度达到0.08~0.1MPa;
(4)中药调味料包的配制:本发明中的调料包主要包括固体调料包和液体调料,固体调料包包括鱼明胶1-3份,20味中药调味料和3种调味料,中药调味料包括:青花椒1~2份,红花椒1~2份,八角大料1~3份,茴香1~3份,辣椒2~5份,桑葚2~5份、桑叶2~5份、黄芪1~2份,丁香1~3份,桂皮1~2份,白胡椒1~2份,黑胡椒1~2份,山楂1~3份,陈皮1~3份,当归1~2份,柠檬叶1~3份,薄荷1~3份,人参1~2份,生姜3~7份,良姜3~7份;3种调味料包括白糖2~5份,葱3~7份,蒜3~7份;装于香料包中;
液体调料包括酱油8~10份,料酒8~10份,醋1~3份和20~25份水;
按照每公斤鸭子20~30g固体调味料和15~20g液体调味料加入,从肉鸭鸭翅下开口塞入体内,用塞子将鸭子肛门堵住,加入调味料后,将肉鸭开口缝合;
(5)挂糖:将糖饴、蜂蜜、核糖按照比例混合,制备成糖液,均匀地涂抹于晾干的肉鸭表皮;
(6)冷风凉坯:采用隧道式冷风干燥装置进行挂糖肉鸭的干燥,冷风温度为8~10℃,在18~22分钟内实现肉鸭表皮的干燥;
(7)烘烤:将挂糖的肉鸭挂在烤炉中进行烤制,烤制温度为分段式烤制;
(8)包装。
2.根据权利要求1所述清凉烤鸭的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的气泡循环解冻的气泡频率为50~60Hz,水温8~10℃,解冻时间25~30分钟,气泡为氮气。
3.根据权利要求1所述清凉烤鸭的制备方法,其特征在于:所述糖液配制比例为糖饴:蜂蜜:核糖按照(4~6):(2~4):(1~2)的比例混合,每100g糖混合物添加15~20mL水;调节pH值7.0~8.0,制备成糖液,均匀地涂抹于晾干的肉鸭表皮。
4.根据权利要求1所述清凉烤鸭的制备方法,其特征在于:所述烤制温度为分段式烤制,第一段的烤制温度为155~170℃,烤制时间为30~50分钟;第二段的烤制温度为190~205℃,烤制时间为15~25分钟。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910461354.9A CN110179064A (zh) | 2019-05-30 | 2019-05-30 | 一种清凉烤鸭的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910461354.9A CN110179064A (zh) | 2019-05-30 | 2019-05-30 | 一种清凉烤鸭的制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN110179064A true CN110179064A (zh) | 2019-08-30 |
Family
ID=67718819
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910461354.9A Withdrawn CN110179064A (zh) | 2019-05-30 | 2019-05-30 | 一种清凉烤鸭的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN110179064A (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111357945A (zh) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-03 | 玉林老芳食品有限公司 | 一种风干牛腩制作工艺 |
CN112401214A (zh) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-26 | 徐将 | 一种烤鸭脆皮蜜 |
CN115088809A (zh) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-09-23 | 吉林大学 | 一种五香酱山黑猪蹄的制作方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN202232749U (zh) * | 2011-10-12 | 2012-05-30 | 江西煌上煌集团食品股份有限公司 | 肉制品盐水注射机 |
CN104187797A (zh) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-12-10 | 芜湖瑯山愚公绿色生态农业有限公司 | 一种盐水鹅的加工工艺 |
CN107279769A (zh) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-24 | 合肥岭牧农产品有限公司 | 一种低温火腿的加工方法 |
CN107927606A (zh) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-04-20 | 北京六合坊食品有限公司 | 一种烤鸭及其制作方法 |
CN108323706A (zh) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-07-27 | 蚌埠市丰牧牛羊肉制品有限责任公司 | 一种风味酱烤鸭及其制备方法 |
-
2019
- 2019-05-30 CN CN201910461354.9A patent/CN110179064A/zh not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN202232749U (zh) * | 2011-10-12 | 2012-05-30 | 江西煌上煌集团食品股份有限公司 | 肉制品盐水注射机 |
CN104187797A (zh) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-12-10 | 芜湖瑯山愚公绿色生态农业有限公司 | 一种盐水鹅的加工工艺 |
CN107279769A (zh) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-24 | 合肥岭牧农产品有限公司 | 一种低温火腿的加工方法 |
CN108323706A (zh) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-07-27 | 蚌埠市丰牧牛羊肉制品有限责任公司 | 一种风味酱烤鸭及其制备方法 |
CN107927606A (zh) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-04-20 | 北京六合坊食品有限公司 | 一种烤鸭及其制作方法 |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111357945A (zh) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-03 | 玉林老芳食品有限公司 | 一种风干牛腩制作工艺 |
CN112401214A (zh) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-26 | 徐将 | 一种烤鸭脆皮蜜 |
CN115088809A (zh) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-09-23 | 吉林大学 | 一种五香酱山黑猪蹄的制作方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN110179064A (zh) | 一种清凉烤鸭的制备方法 | |
CN103549547B (zh) | 一种糟制板栗风味食品的加工方法 | |
KR101156353B1 (ko) | 가시오가피를 이용한 전복 장조림 제조방법 및 그에 의해 제조된 전복 장조림 | |
CN105795251A (zh) | 一种烤羊腿的加工方法 | |
CN106852461A (zh) | 一种卤味竹鼠肉的制备方法 | |
CN106820014A (zh) | 一种姜腌制品及其腌制方法 | |
CN110313606A (zh) | 一种牦牛肉酱及其制备工艺 | |
JP4384672B2 (ja) | 食用組成物が攪拌された生卵およびその製造方法と装置 | |
CN106473009A (zh) | 一种脆皮海苔牛肉粒及其制备方法 | |
KR100414953B1 (ko) | 사상체질에 따른 한방 보약김치 제조방법 | |
CN106616387A (zh) | 一种玫瑰桑葚牛肉粒及其制备方法 | |
KR101518412B1 (ko) | 명태찜 제조방법과 그 방법에 의해 제조된 명태찜 | |
CN103549545B (zh) | 红糟制板栗休闲食品的加工方法 | |
CN1284479C (zh) | 一种火锅配料及其生产方法 | |
KR101392552B1 (ko) | 매실액이 함유된 곰취양념절임 및 그 제조방법 | |
KR102396380B1 (ko) | 한방 숙성 양념의 제조방법 | |
CN107484970A (zh) | 一种鳄鱼肉干的加工方法 | |
CN100444751C (zh) | 一种酒香鱼脯的制备方法 | |
KR20180034905A (ko) | 삼백초 및 어성초가 포함된 약선 소스, 이를 사용한 수산물의 염장방법 및 이를 통해 제조된 자반 고등어 | |
CN106307113A (zh) | 一种全营养羊肉捞饭肉汁及其制成的羊肉捞饭 | |
KR100505507B1 (ko) | 버섯 및 채소를 포함하고 고명을 얹은 오리 주물럭의 제조방법 및 그 오리 주물럭 | |
CN111903923A (zh) | 一种细嫩可口的手撕鸡的制作方法 | |
KR20110045315A (ko) | 오대양고기, 이를 이용한 오양 해물찜탕 및 해물찜탕의 제조방법 | |
CN105166964A (zh) | 一种女士美容兔肉的制作方法 | |
KR20200082884A (ko) | 비트를 함유한 동결건조 김치 양념 및 그의 제조방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20190830 |
|
WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |