CN110178676B - Ginger and banana interplanting method - Google Patents
Ginger and banana interplanting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110178676B CN110178676B CN201910579731.9A CN201910579731A CN110178676B CN 110178676 B CN110178676 B CN 110178676B CN 201910579731 A CN201910579731 A CN 201910579731A CN 110178676 B CN110178676 B CN 110178676B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and particularly discloses a ginger and banana interplanting method. The interplanting method comprises the following steps: (1) soil preparation and ridging; (2) ginger treatment: washing ginger blocks with water, soaking in disinfectant, taking out, and air drying to obtain disinfected seed ginger; burying the sterilized ginger seeds in greenhouse sterile sand for accelerating germination 15-20 days before planting to obtain planted ginger seeds; (3) planting: planting bananas in single furrow and double rows, interplanting ginger below and in the middle of the two rows of bananas, applying a compound microbial inoculum beside the ginger, and covering soil; the compound microbial inoculum consists of an AMF microbial inoculum, endophytic fungi, bacillus subtilis and trichoderma viride; (4) and (5) field management. The interplanting method provided by the invention not only can effectively improve the yield and quality of ginger, but also can effectively prevent and treat ginger bacterial wilt, and meanwhile, the prevention and treatment effect of ginger bacterial wilt can be further improved by adopting the specially-made compound fungicide treatment.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a ginger and banana interplanting method.
[ background of the invention ]
Ginger belongs to perennial herbaceous plants, and is provided with yellow-green flower and pungent flavor rhizome, and the plant height is 0.5-1 m; the rhizome is fat, multi-branched and aromatic and spicy, the tropical area of southeast Asia where the ginger is originally produced likes warm and humid climate, the cold resistance and drought resistance are weaker, the ginger resists yin but does not resist strong sunlight, and the requirement on the length of the sunlight is not strict. Therefore, a shady shed is needed to be built or the intermediate crops are used for shading properly during cultivation, so that the undeveloped root system of the ginger under the strong sunlight is avoided, and the drought tolerance and waterlogging resistance performance are poor.
Bananas, which are the fruits of plants of the genus Musa of the family Musaceae, are fragrant and rich in nutrients, can be harvested in the whole year, and are widely cultivated and eaten in both tropical and temperate zones. Bananas are sunny high-stem crops and can shade ginger.
At present, although there are many researches for improving sunlight and land utilization rate by intercropping high-stalk plants and gingers, for example, chinese patent application CN108522186A discloses an interplanting method of cassava and gingers, which discloses a scheme for interplanting gingers and cassava to form a certain shading environment to promote the growth of gingers, effectively improve the nutrient content of gingers, shorten the growth period of gingers, and reduce the occurrence of diseases in the growth and development of gingers, the reduced diseases are spot diseases, and have no control effect on ginger blast, and the yield of gingers is not high; for example, the chinese patent application CN108293767A discloses a method for interplanting corn and ginger, which uses the peculiar smell of ginger to reduce the incidence rate and the insect damage degree of corn insect damage, and uses the height of corn plants to shield the ginger plants from light, thereby avoiding the root system of the ginger plants from being underdeveloped due to the strong sunlight, and the method can only promote the yield of ginger, but has no prevention and treatment effect on the disease of ginger; in addition, the prior art also discloses a scheme for interplanting grapes, passion fruits, kidney beans, oranges, longans, sugarcanes and the like with gingers, but the prior art does not disclose an interplanting method of the gingers and the bananas, and the interplanting methods do not greatly improve the yield of the gingers and have no good effect on preventing and treating ginger blast.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems, the ginger and banana interplanting method is provided. The ginger and banana interplanting method disclosed by the invention not only can effectively improve the yield and quality of the ginger, but also can effectively prevent and treat the ginger blast, and meanwhile, the prevention and treatment effect of the ginger blast can be further improved by adopting the special compound fungicide treatment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the ginger and banana interplanting method comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation and ridging: selecting soil or sandy soil with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage, applying base fertilizer, soil preparation and ridging, wherein the height of each ridge is 60-65cm, the width of each ridge is 4.5-4.8m, and drainage ditches with the width of 60-65cm are arranged among the ridges;
(2) ginger treatment: washing ginger blocks with water, soaking in disinfectant for 30-40min, taking out, and air drying for 1-2 days to obtain disinfected seed ginger; burying the sterilized ginger seeds in greenhouse sterile sand for accelerating germination until the length of the buds is 1cm 15-20 days before planting to obtain the ginger seeds;
(3) planting: the bananas are planted in single-furrow double-row mode, the planting specification is that the furrow width is 4.5-4.8m, and the planting row spacing is 1.6m multiplied by 2.8 m; interplanting ginger under and in the middle of two rows of bananas, wherein the distance between the ginger and the banana plants is 50-70 cm; the ginger planting method comprises the following steps of (1) dividing ginger planting into two small furrows, reserving a 50cm passage between the two furrows, wherein the width of each furrow is 1-1.2m, planting 2 rows of gingers on the surfaces of the furrows, and applying a compound microbial inoculum to the roots of ginger seedlings and covering soil after the gingers grow seedlings; the compound microbial inoculum consists of an AMF microbial inoculum, endophytic fungi, bacillus subtilis and trichoderma viride;
(4) field management: the artificial weeding is carried out regularly without spraying any herbicide and bactericide.
Further, in the step (2), the disinfectant is a 1000-time diluent of carbendazim.
Further, in the step (2), the temperature of the germination accelerating is 15-25 ℃, the humidity of the sterile sand is 70-80%, and the germination rate of the ginger can reach more than 96% under the condition of the germination accelerating.
Further, in the step (3), the dosage of the composite microbial inoculum is 50-55g of AMF microbial inoculum, 50-55mL of endophytic fungi, 50-55mL of bacillus subtilis and 50-55mL of Trichoderma viride applied to each ginger seedling, and the AMF microbial inoculum, the endophytic fungi, the bacillus subtilis and the Trichoderma viride are appliedThe total number of the mold colonies is 100 spores/g and 10 spores/g in sequence6one/mL, 108cfu/mL、106one/mL.
Further, the base fertilizer is prepared by mixing decomposed farmyard manure and compound fertilizer according to the mass ratio of 100: 5-10.
In the invention, the ginger is of a large-meat ginger variety and purchased from Guangxi Yangjiang ginger planting households; banana is of Banana No. 6, and purchased from tissue culture seedling company of Guangxi agricultural academy of sciences; the AMF microbial inoculum, the endophytic fungi, the bacillus subtilis and the Trichoderma viride are obtained by culturing and separating by the institute of microbiology of Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region academy of agricultural sciences, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
the AMF microbial inoculum culture method comprises the following steps: inoculating spores of sacculus reticulatus LCGX-39 to a corn seedling root system by taking corn as a host, and planting the corn seedling root system in a culture medium (prepared by mixing river sand and zeolite according to a mass ratio of 3:1 and sterilizing the mixture for 2 hours at 121 ℃ by high-pressure steam) for potting; and (3) placing the pot plant in a glass greenhouse for natural illumination culture, pouring 100mL of 50% Hoagland nutrient solution every 15 days, and finally obtaining hypha, spores and a substrate, namely the AMF microbial inoculum.
Cultivation of endophytic fungi or trichoderma viride (cultivation is a general method since both are fungi): inoculating activated DSE strain into PDB culture medium, shake culturing at 25 deg.C and 120r/min for 14d, filtering with sterilized gauze to collect mycelium, washing with sterilized water for several times, and pulverizing to 106cfu/mL bacterial liquid to obtain the endophytic fungi or the trichoderma viride.
The method for culturing the bacillus subtilis comprises the following steps: inoculating activated Bacillus subtilis into LB culture medium, shake culturing at 30 deg.C and 120r/min for 2d, and preparing into 10 with sterile water8cfu/mL bacterial liquid to obtain the bacillus subtilis.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the ginger and the banana are interplanted, on one hand, the banana is a sunny high-stem crop, the ginger is a shady crop of a vining tuber, the banana is tall and short, the banana can just shade the ginger, the ginger and the banana are respectively required, and the sunlight is effectively utilized, on the other hand, the root system of the ginger is underdeveloped and is shallow in soil, and is mainly distributed in the range of about 30cm, while the horizontal root system of the banana is 30-50cm, and the vertical root system can grow to 75-140cm deep soil layers, so that the fertilizer water with different soil layer depths can be more effectively utilized and the sunlight can be more effectively utilized by intercropping the ginger and the banana, and the ginger and the banana grow together. Meanwhile, the ginger and the bananas are intercropped, so that the disease resistance of the ginger is enhanced, and the occurrence of ginger bacterial wilt of the ginger is reduced, so that the use of pesticides is reduced, the yield and the quality of the ginger can be improved, and the ecological environment is better protected.
In addition, the ginger and banana interplanting method disclosed by the invention applies a special compound microbial inoculum, a complex biological flora with a stable structure and a wide function is formed among various strains of the compound microbial inoculum by virtue of the mutual synergistic action and proliferation relationship, the compound microbial inoculum has a good prevention and control effect on ginger blast, the problems of chemical resistance and the like caused by the use of chemical agents are completely avoided, and the high-yield, high-quality and pollution-free production of the ginger is facilitated.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The invention will now be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The ginger and banana interplanting method comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation and ridging: selecting loam or sandy loam with a deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage, applying base fertilizer prepared by mixing decomposed farmyard manure and compound fertilizer according to the mass ratio of 20:1, then soil preparation and ridging, wherein the height of each ridge is 60cm, the width of each ridge is 4.5m, and drainage ditches with the width of 60cm are arranged among the ridges;
(2) ginger treatment: washing ginger blocks with water, soaking in 1000 times of diluent of carbendazim for 30min, taking out, and air drying for 1d to obtain sterilized seed ginger; burying the sterilized ginger seeds in greenhouse sterile sand 15 days before planting, and accelerating germination at 15 ℃ and 70% humidity of the sterile sand until the length of the buds is 1cm to obtain the ginger seeds;
(3) planting: the bananas are planted in single furrow and double rows, and the planting specification is that the furrow width is 4.5m,The row spacing of the plants is 1.6m multiplied by 2.8 m; interplanting ginger under and in the middle of the two rows of bananas, wherein the distance between the ginger and the banana plants is at least 50 cm; the ginger planting method comprises the following steps of (1) dividing ginger planting into two small ridges, reserving a 50cm passage between the two ridges, planting 2 rows of gingers on the ridge surface, wherein the row spacing is 25cm multiplied by 45cm, applying a compound microbial inoculum to the roots of ginger seedlings and covering soil after the ginger seedlings emerge; the composite microbial inoculum consists of an AMF microbial inoculum, endophytic fungi, bacillus subtilis and trichoderma viride, the using amount of the composite microbial inoculum is 50g of the AMF microbial inoculum, 50mL of the endophytic fungi, 50mL of the bacillus subtilis and 50mL of the trichoderma viride applied to each ginger seedling, and the total bacterial count of the AMF microbial inoculum, the endophytic fungi, the bacillus subtilis and the trichoderma viride is 100 spores/g and 10 spores/g in sequence6one/mL, 108cfu/mL、106Per mL;
(4) field management: the artificial weeding is carried out regularly without spraying any herbicide and bactericide.
Example 2
The ginger and banana interplanting method comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation and ridging: selecting loam or sandy loam with a deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage, applying base fertilizer prepared by mixing decomposed farmyard manure and compound fertilizer according to the mass ratio of 25:2, and then performing soil preparation and ridging, wherein the height of each ridge is 63cm, the width of each ridge is 4.7m, and drainage ditches with the width of 62cm are arranged among the ridges;
(2) ginger treatment: washing ginger blocks with water, soaking in 1000 times of diluent of carbendazim for 35min, taking out, and air drying for 1.5d to obtain sterilized seed ginger; burying the sterilized ginger seeds in greenhouse sterile sand 18 days before planting, and accelerating germination at 20 ℃ and 75% humidity of the sterile sand until the length of the buds is 1cm to obtain the ginger seeds;
(3) planting: the bananas are planted in single-furrow double-row mode, the planting specification is that the furrow width is 4.6m, and the planting row spacing is 1.6m multiplied by 2.8 m; interplanting ginger under and in the middle of the two rows of bananas, wherein the distance between the ginger and the banana plants is at least 60 cm; the ginger planting method comprises the following steps of (1) dividing ginger planting into two small ridges, reserving a 50cm passage between the two ridges, wherein the width of each ridge is 1.1m, planting 2 rows of gingers on the surfaces of the ridges, wherein the row spacing is 25cm multiplied by 45cm, and after the ginger seedlings emerge, applying a compound microbial inoculum to the roots of the ginger seedlings and covering soil; the complex microbial inoculum is prepared from AMF bacteriaThe composite microbial inoculum comprises 52g of AMF microbial inoculum, 52mL of endophytic fungi, 52mL of bacillus subtilis and 52mL of trichoderma viride applied to each ginger seedling, and the total number of colonies of the AMF microbial inoculum, the endophytic fungi, the bacillus subtilis and the trichoderma viride is 100 spores/g and 10 spores/g in sequence6one/mL, 108cfu/mL、106Per mL;
(4) field management: the artificial weeding is carried out regularly without spraying any herbicide and bactericide.
Example 3
The ginger and banana interplanting method comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation and ridging: selecting loam or sandy loam with a deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage, applying base fertilizer prepared by mixing decomposed farmyard manure and compound fertilizer according to the mass ratio of 10:1, and then performing soil preparation and ridging, wherein the ridge height is 65cm, the ridge width is 4.8m, and drainage ditches with the width of 65cm are arranged among the ridges;
(2) ginger treatment: washing ginger blocks with water, soaking in 1000 times of diluent of carbendazim for 40min, taking out, and air drying for 2d to obtain sterilized seed ginger; burying the sterilized ginger seeds in greenhouse sterile sand 20 days before planting, and accelerating germination at 25 deg.C and 80% humidity of the sterile sand until the length of the bud is 1cm to obtain the ginger seeds;
(3) planting: the bananas are planted in single-furrow double-row mode, the planting specification is that the furrow width is 4.8m, and the planting row spacing is 1.6m multiplied by 2.8 m; interplanting ginger under and in the middle of the two rows of bananas, wherein the distance between the ginger and the banana plants is at least 70 cm; the ginger planting method comprises the following steps of (1) dividing ginger planting into two small ridges, reserving a 50cm passage between the two ridges, wherein the width of each ridge is 1.2m, planting 2 rows of gingers on the surfaces of the ridges, wherein the row spacing is 25cm multiplied by 45cm, and after the ginger seedlings emerge, applying a compound microbial inoculum to the roots of the ginger seedlings and covering soil; the composite microbial inoculum consists of an AMF microbial inoculum, endophytic fungi, bacillus subtilis and trichoderma viride, the using amount of the composite microbial inoculum is 55g of the AMF microbial inoculum, 55mL of the endophytic fungi, 55mL of the bacillus subtilis and 55mL of the trichoderma viride applied to each ginger seedling, and the total bacterial count of the AMF microbial inoculum, the endophytic fungi, the bacillus subtilis and the trichoderma viride is 100 spores/g and 10 spores/g in sequence6one/mL, 108cfu/mL、106Per mL;
(4) field management: the artificial weeding is carried out regularly without spraying any herbicide and bactericide.
First effect verification: influence of interplanting method on ginger
Experimental groups: the interplanting method of the embodiment 1 of the invention;
control group 1: the interplanting of ginger and bananas is carried out according to a method basically the same as the interplanting method of the embodiment 1 of the invention, and the difference is that: no complex microbial inoculum is applied;
control group 2: the ginger is simply planted according to the traditional planting method (the processing method of the ginger is the same as that of the embodiment 1 of the invention);
control group 3: simply planting ginger according to a traditional method (the processing method of the ginger is the same as that of the embodiment 1 of the invention), and applying the compound microbial inoculum of the embodiment 1 of the invention;
control group 4: corn was used instead of banana, and interplanting was performed by the interplanting method of example 1 of the present invention.
A scientific research base is built in Guangxi agricultural academy of sciences, the scientific research base is divided into 5 blocks, and the ginger is planted according to the methods of an experimental group and a control group 1-4 respectively (the planting quantity of the ginger in each group is the same). The ginger, the corn and the banana in each group are planted in 2018 in 3 months, and the field nursing method and the fertilizing amount of each group of planting fields are consistent. Detecting the incidence rate of ginger blast of each group of gingers in the planting process (incidence rate is disease strain number/total strain number multiplied by 100%); harvesting ginger and banana in 12 months in 2018, harvesting corn in 6 months in 2018, and counting the yield of each group of ginger; the ginger harvested from each group was randomly extracted and the content of 6-gingerol in each group of ginger was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (the measurement method was the method described in (ma wen, wu shang, etc., high performance liquid chromatography for the content of 6-gingerol in each group of ginger, trace elements and health research, 2009, 11: 27)), and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Effect of interplanting methods on ginger
In the invention, the higher the average plant height and the average single plant weight of the ginger, the better the growth condition of the ginger is; the higher the average yield per plant and per mu yield of the ginger, the higher the yield of the ginger is; the lower the incidence rate of ginger blast of ginger and the higher the content of 6-gingerol, the better the quality of ginger. In the experiment, the growth condition, yield and quality of the ginger in the experimental group are obviously superior to those of the ginger in the control group 1-3, which shows that the yield and quality of the ginger are obviously improved compared with the single ginger by interplanting the ginger and the banana, and meanwhile, the specially-made composite microbial inoculum can further improve the yield and quality of the ginger; compared with the experimental group, the control group 2 and the control group 4, the interplanting of the corn and the ginger can also improve the yield and the quality of the ginger to a certain extent, but is obviously inferior to the interplanting of the banana and the ginger, and the specially-made composite microbial inoculum has no obvious influence on the yield and the quality of the ginger in the interplanting of the corn and the ginger, which indicates that the specially-made composite microbial inoculum is specially used for the interplanting of the banana and the ginger. Meanwhile, the yield of the bananas in the experimental group is improved by over 9.85 percent compared with the yield of the bananas in the single crop.
In addition, the following observations were made by observing the ginger plants during the growth of ginger: the ginger growth potential of the experimental group is strong, the seedling height is obviously increased, and the leaves are dark green and dark in color; the ginger growth potential of the control group 1 is also strong, but the leaves are light green and slightly withered and yellow; the ginger of the control group 2 grows sparsely, and the leaves are light in color and are more withered and yellow; the ginger growth potential of the control group 3 is enhanced compared with that of the control group 2, but the color of the leaves is lighter and a part of the leaves is withered and yellow; the ginger growth potential of the control group 4 was also strong, but the leaf color was also light and partly withered and yellow. Therefore, the ginger growth condition in the interplanting method is the best, namely, the healthy growth of the ginger can be promoted by interplanting the bananas and the ginger and applying the compound microbial inoculum in an auxiliary manner.
And (5) effect verification: influence of complex microbial inoculum on ginger
Experimental groups: the interplanting method of the embodiment 2 of the invention;
control group 1: the interplanting of ginger and bananas is carried out according to a method basically the same as the interplanting method of the embodiment 2 of the invention, and the difference is that: administering AMF inoculum only;
control group 2: the interplanting of ginger and bananas is carried out according to a method basically the same as the interplanting method of the embodiment 2 of the invention, and the difference is that: administering only the endophytic fungus;
control group 3: the interplanting of ginger and bananas is carried out according to a method basically the same as the interplanting method of the embodiment 2 of the invention, and the difference is that: administering only bacillus subtilis;
control group 4: the interplanting of ginger and bananas is carried out according to a method basically the same as the interplanting method of the embodiment 2 of the invention, and the difference is that: applying only trichoderma viride;
control group 5: the interplanting of ginger and bananas is carried out according to a method basically the same as the interplanting method of the embodiment 2 of the invention, and the difference is that: only the bacillus subtilis and the AMF agents are applied;
a scientific research base is built in Guangxi agricultural academy of sciences, the scientific research base is divided into 6 blocks, and the planting is carried out according to the methods of an experimental group and a control group 1-5 respectively. The ginger, the corn and the banana in each group are planted in 2018 in 3 months, and the field nursing method and the fertilizing amount of each group of planting fields are consistent. Detecting the incidence of ginger blast of each group of ginger in the planting process; the harvest of ginger and banana was carried out in 12 months in 2018, the harvest of banana was carried out in 6 months in 2018, and the yield of each group of ginger was counted, the results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 influence of Complex microbial inoculum on ginger
As can be seen from Table 2, the average single plant yield of the experimental group is obviously higher than that of the control group by 1-5, and the incidence rate of the ginger bacterial wilt is obviously lower than that of the control group by 1-5, which indicates that the synergistic effect exists among all strains of the composite microbial inoculum of the invention, and the synergistic effect can effectively improve the yield and quality of ginger in the interplanting of banana and ginger.
The average single plant yield of the experimental group 3 is 1.86Kg, and the incidence rate of the ginger bacterial wilt is only 0.58%.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The ginger and banana interplanting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) land preparation and ridging: selecting soil or sandy soil with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage, applying base fertilizer, soil preparation and ridging, wherein the height of each ridge is 60-65cm, the width of each ridge is 4.5-4.8m, and drainage ditches with the width of 60-65cm are arranged among the ridges;
(2) ginger treatment: washing ginger blocks with water, soaking in disinfectant for 30-40min, taking out, and air drying for 1-2 days to obtain disinfected seed ginger; burying the sterilized ginger seeds in greenhouse sterile sand for accelerating germination until the length of the buds is 1cm 15-20 days before planting to obtain the ginger seeds;
(3) planting: the bananas are planted in single-furrow double-row mode, the planting specification is that the furrow width is 4.5-4.8m, and the planting row spacing is 1.6m multiplied by 2.8 m; interplanting ginger under and in the middle of two rows of bananas, wherein the distance between the ginger and the banana plants is 50-70 cm; the ginger planting method comprises the following steps of (1) dividing ginger planting into two small furrows, reserving a 50cm passage between the two furrows, wherein the width of each furrow is 1-1.2m, planting 2 rows of gingers on the surfaces of the furrows, and applying a compound microbial inoculum to the roots of ginger seedlings and covering soil after the gingers grow seedlings; the compound microbial inoculum consists of an AMF microbial inoculum, endophytic fungi, bacillus subtilis and trichoderma viride; the using amount of the composite microbial inoculum is 50-55g of AMF microbial inoculum, 50-55mL of endophytic fungi, 50-55mL of bacillus subtilis and 50-55mL of trichoderma viride applied to each ginger seedling, and the total number of colonies of the AMF microbial inoculum, the endophytic fungi, the bacillus subtilis and the trichoderma viride is 100 spores/g and 10 spores/g in sequence6one/mL, 108cfu/mL、106Per mL;
(4) field management: the artificial weeding is carried out regularly without spraying any herbicide and bactericide.
2. The method for interplanting ginger and bananas as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the disinfectant is a 1000-fold dilution of carbendazim.
3. The method for interplanting ginger and bananas as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the germination temperature is 15-25 ℃ and the humidity of the sterile sand is 70-80%.
4. The method for interplanting ginger and bananas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base fertilizer is prepared by mixing decomposed farmyard manure and compound fertilizer in a mass ratio of 100: 5-10.
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