CN107417415A - A kind of agricultural microbial agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of agricultural microbial agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107417415A CN107417415A CN201710776470.0A CN201710776470A CN107417415A CN 107417415 A CN107417415 A CN 107417415A CN 201710776470 A CN201710776470 A CN 201710776470A CN 107417415 A CN107417415 A CN 107417415A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of agricultural microbial agent, include the composition of following percetage by weight：Beneficial bacterium 1 10%, xylose residue 50 90%, plant ash 2 8%, land plaster 1 10%.The agricultural microbial agent of the present invention is to beneficial bacterium advantages of good adsorption effect, and auxiliary material is easy to get, cost is low, and preparation technology is simple；It using rear effect is good, viable bacteria release rate is high, can be decomposed by the microorganisms, be converted into crop nutrition, improve edaphic condition, safe and non-toxic environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural microorganism applied technical field, and in particular to a kind of agricultural micro- life produced using xylose residue
Thing microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Agricultural microbial agent is made of objective microbe by industrialized production breeding post-processing, he have directly or
Connect improved soil, recover soil fertility, maintain the effect such as rhizosphere microbial balance, degraded poisonous and harmful substance.By microorganism in soil
Metabolic activity in earth, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase the supply of plant nutrient, promote plant growth, improve quality of agricultural product and Agro-ecology
Environment.
Solid fungicide is made after being adsorbed to beneficial bacterium in agricultural microbial agent generally use carrier, is contained with reducing moisture
Amount makes thalline dormancy, extends the holding time of microbial inoculum.Conventional microbial inoculum carrier has zeolite powder, bentonite, activated carbon, diatomite
Deng these carriers are used in soil with microbial manure, do not have any value to crop, and can increase the plate of soil
Knot；And some carriers may be unfavorable for strain growth and breeding in itself and cause that strain can not survive or living bacteria count declines.
Using the microbial inoculum of other carriers, adsorption effect is poor, it is necessary to which thalline is adhered to carrier surface by adhesive, such as cement, asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin
The problems such as fat, waterglass etc., increasing cost, and thalline burst size deficiency may be caused.
Xylose is the raw material for producing xylitol, due to xylitol be diabetes patient preferable generation sugar, and can with anti-caries,
In order to pursue health, daily demand amount increases people, promotes xylose production amount also to increase.However, current xylose residue and wood
Other waste material yield in sugar production are big and disposal ability is small, and substantial amounts of xylose production waste material turns into the limitation of xylose industry development
Factor.What disposal ability was larger at present is combustion power generation and fermentation organic fertilizer, but xylose residue acidity is higher, and power plant directly burns
It is larger to the corrosivity of chimney；When organic fertilizer is fermented in production, because xylose residue combination water content is higher, about 65-70%, reduce
Moisture in fertilizer content is very difficult, and fermentation later stage fertilizer water content causes greatly anoxic microbial.But xylose residue fiber content
Height can give microorganism to provide carbon source, content of organic matter height can effective improved soil, and yield is big, cheap, is a kind of
Potential microbe carrier, still, xylose residue are not that microorganism fungus kind adsorbs load well due to some characteristics of itself
Body, if being directly added into microorganism fungus kind, it is likely that cause the reduction of living bacteria count.Therefore, after handling xylose residue
Research as microbe carrier is very necessary.
The content of the invention
The problem of existing for current agricultural microbial agent, the present invention provide a kind of auxiliary material agricultural micro- life cheap and easy to get
Thing microbial inoculum.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned microbial inoculum.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that.
A kind of agricultural microbial agent, include the composition of following percetage by weight：Beneficial bacterium 1-10%, xylose residue 50-90%,
Plant ash 2-8%, land plaster 1-10%.
Alternatively, the living bacteria count of microbial inoculum is no less than 1 × 108/g；PH is 5.5-8.5；Moisture is 10-35%,
Preferably 10-20%.
Alternatively, the sugar content of the xylose residue is 0.8-1.5%.
Alternatively, plant ash is obtained by corncob or crop straw burning；Preferably, the pH of plant ash is 11-12, nitrogenous
Amount >=1.2%, phosphorus content in terms of phosphorus pentoxide >=0.8%, potassium content in terms of potassium oxide >=3%, organic matter >=18%, moisture≤
5%。
The beneficial bacterium is to refer to improve crop nutrition, stimulate plant growth, suppression or preventing and treating crop diseases and pest crop smothering
Microorganism.Alternatively, beneficial bacterium comprises at least bacillus subtilis（Bacillus subtilis）And bacillus licheniformis
（Bacillus licheniformis）；Preferably, effective viable bacteria ratio of bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis is 5:1-
10:1。
Preferably, beneficial bacterium also includes Paecilomyces lilacinus（Paecilomyceslilacinus）, bacillus megaterium
（Bacillus megatheriumphosphaticum）, saccharomycete（Saccharomyces）, colloid bacillus cereus
（Bacillus mucilginosus）At least one of.
Preferably, agricultural microbial agent also includes Trichoderma viride（Trichoderma viride）, whiterot fungi, water conservation
At least one of agent and corn bran slag.
Alternatively, in agricultural microbial agent, Trichoderma viride content is 0.1-0.5wt%；White rot bacterial content is 0.1-
0.3wt %；Water conservation agent content is 0.1-1wt %；Corn bran slag content is 10-30wt %.
Alternatively, water-loss reducer in polyacrylic acid potassium, polyacrylamide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and polyethylene glycol extremely
Few one kind；Preferably, water-loss reducer is the combination of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and polyethylene glycol；It is furthermore preferred that both mass ratioes are 1:
1-10:1。
The corn bran slag refers to the corn bran piece that corncob comes off during crushing, and alternatively, fineness is 10-20 mesh.
Preferably, agricultural microbial agent is made up of following mass percent：Beneficial bacterium 1-5%, xylose residue 70-85%,
Plant ash 4-6%, land plaster 3-5%, Trichoderma viride 0.1-0.5%, water-loss reducer 0.1-1%.
Preferably, agricultural microbial agent is made up of following mass percent：Beneficial bacterium 1-5%, xylose residue 70-85%,
Plant ash 4-6%, land plaster 3-5%, whiterot fungi 0.1-0.3%, corn bran slag 5-30 %.
Preferably, agricultural microbial agent is made up of following mass percent：Beneficial bacterium 1-5%, xylose residue 70-85%,
Plant ash 4-6%, land plaster 3-5%, Trichoderma viride 0.1-0.5%, whiterot fungi 0.1-0.3%, water-loss reducer 0.1-1%, corn bran slag 5-
30%。
A kind of production method of above-mentioned agricultural microbial agent, comprises the following steps：
（1）Xylose residue is turned over and fully mixed with plant ash and land plaster after throwing, adjusts pH, sieving；
（2）Beneficial bacterium is added into step（1）In the mixed material of gained, fully mix.
Preferably, the production method of above-mentioned agricultural microbial agent, comprises the following steps：
（1）Xylose residue is turned over and fully mixed with plant ash and land plaster after throwing, pH is adjusted, sieving, adds water-loss reducer, green wood
At least one of mould, whiterot fungi and corn bran slag, mix；
（2）Beneficial bacterium is added into step（1）In the mixed material of gained, fully mix.
It is further preferable that step（2）Middle beneficial bacterium is added by several times, and part beneficial bacterium is first first added into step（1）Gained
In mixed material, other beneficial bacteriums are added after fully mixing.
A kind of above-mentioned agricultural microbial agent is in the application of veterinary antibiotics and field crop as base fertilizer.
The present invention has advantages below：
The pH of xylose residue is adjusted in the present invention by plant ash and land plaster, there is provided mineral element potassium and calcium；Inhaled by water-loss reducer
Moisture in attached xylose residue, trichoderma, whiterot fungi and beneficial bacterium, adjust microbial inoculum water content；Xylose residue, which turns over, to be thrown and is added in microbial inoculum
The fluffy corn bran slag of quality, can adjust microbial inoculum gas permeability after application.The invention comprehensively utilizes produced in xylose production
Raw xylose residue and corn bran slag, realize twice laid.Because water content is low, xylose residue carries the microbial inoculum of the present invention as inertia
Body can adsorb each composition；After application, water content is high in soil, and Trichoderma viride and whiterot fungi can degrade xylose residue and corn
Cellulose and lignin in bran slag and soil provide nutrition for crop, and other beneficial bacteriums can also be activated, numerous in soil
Grow and play a role；In addition Trichoderma viride also has the function that disease-resistant, insect-prevention, and saccharomycete has adsorption capacity to various heavy.
The agricultural microbial agent of the present invention is to beneficial bacterium advantages of good adsorption effect, and auxiliary material is easy to get, cost is low, preparation technology letter
It is single；It using rear effect is good, viable bacteria release rate is high, can be decomposed by the microorganisms, be converted into crop nutrition, improve edaphic condition, peace
Atoxic environmental protection.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited by following embodiments.
The preparation of the complex micro organism fungicide of embodiment 1.
Dispensing：
Bacillus licheniformis 0.1%, bacillus subtilis 6%, Trichoderma viride 0.1%, xylose residue 75.8%, plant ash 15%, polypropylene
Acid amides 0.1%.
Prepare：
（1）Xylose residue is turned over and fully mixed with plant ash and land plaster after throwing, pH to 5.5 is adjusted, crosses 100 mesh sieves, add poly-
Acrylamide, Trichoderma viride, mix.
（2）Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis are added into step（1）In the mixed material of gained, fully mix, i.e.,
Obtain S1.
The preparation of the complex micro organism fungicide of embodiment 2.
Dispensing：
Paecilomyces lilacinus 3%, bacillus subtilis 5%, bacillus licheniformis 0.5%, Trichoderma viride 0.3%, whiterot fungi 0.2%, xylose
Slag 60%, plant ash 12%, polyacrylic acid potassium 0.2%, corn bran slag 21.3%
Prepare：
（1）Xylose residue is turned over and fully mixed with plant ash and land plaster after throwing, pH to 5.5 is adjusted, crosses 100 mesh sieves, add poly-
Potassium acrylate, Trichoderma viride, whiterot fungi and corn bran slag, mix；
（2）Bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis are added into step（1）In the mixed material of gained, fully mix；Again will
Paecilomyces lilacinus fully mixes after adding, and produces S2.
The preparation of the bagasse carrier agricultural microorganism of comparative example 1.
1. complex micro organism fungicide
With embodiment 1, difference is to replace xylose residue with diatomite, obtains products C 1 for dispensing and preparation method.
2. complex micro organism fungicide
With embodiment 2, difference is to replace xylose residue with bagasse, obtains products C 2 for dispensing and preparation method.
The preparation of the complex micro organism fungicide of embodiment 3.
Dispensing：Bacillus licheniformis 0.5%, bacillus subtilis 2.5%, bacillus megaterium 1%, colloid bacillus cereus 1%,
Trichoderma viride 0.1%, whiterot fungi 0.1%, xylose residue 62%, plant ash 10%, hydroxymethyl cellulose 0.4%, PEG 8000
0.2%, corn bran slag 22.2%.
Prepare：
（1）Xylose residue is turned over and fully mixed with plant ash and land plaster after throwing, pH to 6.5 is adjusted, crosses 100 mesh sieves, add hydroxyl
Methylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, Trichoderma viride, whiterot fungi and corn bran slag, mix；
（2）Bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis are added into step（1）In the mixed material of gained, fully mix；Again will
Bacillus megaterium and colloid bacillus cereus fully mix after adding, and produce S3.
The preparation of the complex micro organism fungicide of embodiment 4.
Dispensing：Saccharomycete 0.4%, colloid bacillus cereus 0.3%, Trichoderma viride 0.1%, whiterot fungi 0.2%, xylose residue 60%, grass
Wood ash 12%, hydroxymethyl cellulose 0.5%, PEG 8000 0.1%, corn bran slag 26.9%.
Prepare：
（1）Xylose residue is turned over and fully mixed with plant ash and land plaster after throwing, pH to 6.0 is adjusted, crosses 100 mesh sieves, add hydroxyl
Methylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, Trichoderma viride, whiterot fungi and corn bran slag, mix；
（2）Bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis are added into step（1）In the mixed material of gained, fully mix；Again will
Saccharomycete and colloid bacillus cereus fully mix after adding, and produce S4.
Microbiological release rate in 5 different microbial inoculums of embodiment.
S1 in embodiment 1 is placed with C1 microbial inoculums in comparative example and preserved in the cool, takes 10 g samples to add 100 after 2 days
ML physiological saline vibrates 2h at 200 rpm, number of viable is determined with dilution plate counting method immediately after, according to formula（1）Calculate
Release rate：
As a result as shown in table 1, for complex micro organism fungicide, the microbial inoculum S1 release rates using xylose residue as carrier are higher than with diatomite
For the microbial inoculum C1 of carrier.
Microbiological release rate in 1 different microbial inoculums of table
Microbial survival rate in 6 different microbial inoculums of embodiment.
10 g samples are taken to add 100 mL physiological saline respectively in 45 d and 180d the microbial inoculum S1 and C1 placed at room temperature
2h is vibrated under 200 rpm, sampling method is same as above.With dilution plate counting method, the viable bacteria in the release of different times carrier is determined
Number, and according to formula（2）Calculate survival rate：
As a result as shown in table 2, for nitrogen-fixing bacteria, survival rate is slightly above with sugarcane after the microbial inoculum S1 using xylose residue as carrier places 45d
Slag is the microbial inoculum C1 of carrier；And after placing 180 days, S1 survival rates are apparently higher than C1.
Microbial survival rate in 2 different microbial inoculums of table
The influence of growth and yield of the agricultural microbial agent of embodiment 7 to crop.
1. tomato
By complex micro organism fungicide C1 in complex micro organism fungicide S1 in embodiment 1 and comparative example 1, tomato is applied to, when transplanting seedlings
Mixed soil pit is applied, and dosage is 140kg/ mus, and using diatomite as control, often processing is repeated 3 times, and often repeatedly 100 plants, is randomly selected
20 plants are surveyed production, determine fruit quality：Soluble solid uses refractometer method, and Vc contents use 2,6- dichloroindophenol methods, as a result
It is as shown in table 3 below.
The tomato yield of table 3 and quality
2. muskmelon
Complex micro organism fungicide S2 in embodiment 2 is used for the base fertilizer of muskmelon, dosage to be 150kg/ mus；By bud containing withered grass purchased in market
After the agricultural microbial agent mixing of spore bacillus, bacillus licheniformis and Paecilomyces lilacinus as a control group, the same S2 of dosage；Make
By the use of Chicken dung as base fertilizer be blank control, dosage 4m3/ mu.Muskmelon is planted in plot year after year, muskmelon transplant seedlings after 7 days two
Processing randomly selects at 5 points, every 10 plants of record dead seedling numbers, calculates death rate；Before muskmelon is bloomed, choose at 5 points, every 5 plants of records
A situation arises for nematode, calculates nematode Infection Rate；Yield and rate of growth are calculated after harvesting muskmelon, as a result as shown in table 4.
Disease-resistant, production-increasing function of the complex micro organism fungicide of table 4 to muskmelon
It can be seen from upper table data, compared with chicken manure group and control group, weight can be effectively reduced using complex micro organism fungicide S2
In stubble the crop fields, the death rate and nematode infection rate of muskmelon, increase melon yield.
3. ginger
Complex micro organism fungicide S3 in embodiment 4 is used for the base fertilizer for planting ginger, dosage to be 200kg/ mus；Purchased in market is contained into lichens
As a control group, dosage recommends dosage to the agricultural microbial agent of bacillus according to manufacturer；Bottom is used as using Chicken dung
Fertilizer is blank control, dosage 5m3/ mu.Plant great Jiang year after year in plot, 5 methods investigation in July bacterial wilt of ginger incidences of disease, every 20
Strain, calculate the incidence of disease；Yield and rate of growth are calculated after harvesting ginger block, as a result as shown in table 5.
Disease-resistant, production-increasing function of the complex micro organism fungicide of table 5 to ginger
It can be seen from upper table data, compared with chicken manure group, the hair of bacterial wilt of ginger can be effectively reduced using complex micro organism fungicide S4
Sick rate, volume increase are obvious；Compared with compareing microbial inoculum, the complex micro organism fungicide S4 incidences of disease are low, and can greatly improve the yield of ginger.
4. leek
Complex micro organism fungicide S4 in embodiment 5 is used for the base fertilizer of Chinese chive field, dosage to be 200kg/ mus；Control group uses chicken
Excrement, dosage 5m3/ mu.When leek is grown to 5-10cm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed within every 7 days as foliar fertilizer, even spray 3 times.First stubble fragrant-flowered garlic
Yield is calculated after dish harvesting, as a result as shown in table 6.
Production-increasing function of the complex micro organism fungicide of table 6 to leek
Claims (10)
1. a kind of agricultural microbial agent, it is characterised in that include the composition of following percetage by weight：Beneficial bacterium 1-10%, xylose
Slag 50-90%, plant ash 2-8%, land plaster 1-10%.
2. agricultural microbial agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sugar content of xylose residue is 0.8-1.5%.
3. agricultural microbial agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that plant ash is burnt by corncob or stalk
Burn what is obtained.
4. agricultural microbial agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that beneficial bacterium comprises at least bacillus subtilis
With the combination of bacillus licheniformis, both living bacteria counts are 5:1-10:1.
5. agricultural microbial agent according to claim 3, it is characterised in that beneficial bacterium also includes Paecilomyces lilacinus, huge
At least one of Bacterium anthracoides, saccharomycete, colloid bacillus cereus.
6. agricultural microbial agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including Trichoderma viride, whiterot fungi, water conservation
At least one of agent and corn bran slag.
7. agricultural microbial agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be made up of following mass percent：It is beneficial
Bacterium 1-5%, xylose residue 70-85%, plant ash 4-6%, land plaster 3-5%, Trichoderma viride 0.1-0.5%, water-loss reducer 0.1-1 %.
8. agricultural microbial agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that beneficial bacterium is formed by following mass percent
1-5%, xylose residue 70-85%, plant ash 4-6%, land plaster 3-5%, whiterot fungi 0.1-0.3%, corn bran slag 5-30 %.
9. agricultural microbial agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be made up of following mass percent：It is beneficial
Bacterium 1-5%, xylose residue 70-85%, plant ash 4-6%, land plaster 3-5%, Trichoderma viride 0.1-0.5%, water-loss reducer 0.1-1%, white rot
Bacterium 0.1-0.3%, corn bran slag 5-30 %.
10. any described agricultural microbial agents of claim 1-9 answering as base fertilizer in veterinary antibiotics and field crop
With.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN108034432A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-15 | 台州泰捷化工科技有限公司 | A kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil renovation agent and its application |
| CN110178676A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-08-30 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | A kind of method of ginger and banana interplanting |
| CN110878257A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-03-13 | 北京四纬生物科技有限公司 | Paecilomyces lilacinus culture method and application |
| CN111393235A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-10 | 山东植丰农化集团有限公司 | High-phosphorus slow-release bacterial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110178676B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-07-20 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Ginger and banana interplanting method |
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| CN111393235A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-10 | 山东植丰农化集团有限公司 | High-phosphorus slow-release bacterial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20171201 |