CN110150224B

CN110150224B - Method for planting and breeding rice, frogs and wild fungi

Info

Publication number: CN110150224B
Application number: CN201910384691.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓述东
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-05-09
Filing date: 2019-05-09
Publication date: 2021-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-09
Also published as: CN110150224A

Abstract

A method for planting rice, frogs and wild fungi mainly solves the technical problems that the existing rice pesticide has high chemical residue, the waste straw treatment method is not environment-friendly, inconvenient, low in economic benefit and the like. The key points of the technical scheme are as follows: arranging a surrounding ditch around the rice field, arranging a feeding trough around the surrounding ditch, arranging a sunshade awning above the feeding trough, selecting black, red, white, green and purple colorful rice seedlings with high quality, short stems and excellent stress resistance, breeding and transplanting, arranging a moth-trapping lamp of 200 watts in the center of the rice field 1-15 days after the rice seedlings are transplanted, and arranging a moth-trapping lamp strip 30cm above the feeding trough along the feeding trough; breeding frogs in the rice field 2-8 days after installing the moth-trapping lamp; the method comprises the steps of laying harvested colorful rice straws in 20 mu of rice field on the spot in 1 mu of rice field, planting wild fungi on the straws, accelerating the rotting of the straws due to the propagation of the wild fungi, further rotting the straws to form organic fertilizers after the wild fungi are harvested, dividing the 20 mu of rice field into 20 pieces, planting in turn, and improving the soil quality of the field.

Description

Method for planting and breeding rice, frogs and wild fungi

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for planting and breeding rice, frogs and wild fungi.

Background

Along with the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the consciousness of health food is continuously strengthened. New planting modes of green agriculture, organic agriculture and the like are gradually becoming hot spots. In recent years, emerging agriculture such as coexistence of rice and fish, coexistence of rice and shrimp, coexistence of rice and duck and the like is developed rapidly and achieves good results, and novel planting and breeding technologies are more endless. The invention innovates the method for raising the frogs in the rice field, and simultaneously utilizes the idle time in winter to plant the wild fungi by using the straws, thus creating a new generation of circular agriculture. The rice and frogs coexist, the rice field provides growing environment and food for the frogs, frog excrement provides nutrients for rice, the harvested rice straws provide nutrients for wild fungi, and the rice straws after hypha decay are returned to the field after soil improvement and serve as base fertilizers for planting the rice in the next year, so that the rice and frogs combined cycle ecological system is a brand new cycle ecological system and simultaneously generates great economic benefit.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for planting and breeding rice, frogs and wild fungi, which is very convenient, prevents rice from using pesticides, cultures frogs, takes natural pests as food materials, can treat waste straws, can generate economic benefits, can improve field soil quality and increase field soil fertility, and is green and environment-friendly.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: ploughing a rice field, arranging a surrounding ditch around the rice field, arranging a feeding trough around the surrounding ditch, arranging a sunshade awning above the feeding trough, selecting high-quality, short-stalk and excellent-stress resistance black, red, white, green and purple five-color rice seedlings, breeding and transplanting, arranging a moth-trapping lamp of 200 watts in the center of the rice field 1-15 days after the rice seedlings are transplanted, and arranging a moth-trapping lamp strip 30cm above the feeding trough along the feeding trough; 2-8 days after installing the moth-trapping lamp, breeding frogs in the rice field, and throwing the pests caught by the moth-trapping lamp into a feeding trough as the food of the frogs; after the frog and the colorful rice are harvested respectively, the harvested colorful rice straws in 20 mu of rice field are laid on 1 mu of rice field on site, wild fungi are planted on the straws, the decay of the straws is accelerated by the propagation of the wild fungi, the straws are further decayed after the wild fungi are harvested to become organic fertilizers, the 20 mu of rice field is divided into 20 pieces for alternate planting, the soil fertility is enhanced, and the soil quality of the field is improved.

Preferably, the five-color rice variety with the growth and development period of 128-plus 135 days is characterized in that a mixed fertilizer comprising quicklime and plant ash is applied in the tillering period, the pH value of soil is adjusted to be more than 6 and less than 7.2 so as to reduce the absorption of the seedlings on cadmium, and a foliar fertilizer containing selenium (Se) is sprayed in the beginning ear period so as to increase the absorption of the seedlings, particularly young ears on selenium, so that selenium-enriched rice is produced, and the absorption of the paddy on cadmium can be inhibited.

The wild fungus is red tricholoma matsutake.

The depth of the surrounding ditch is about 60cm, the width of the surrounding ditch is about 80cm, and the surrounding ditch is kept for storing water.

The frogs are thrown in 6-8 thousands of frogs per mu, and a cover net is arranged above the rice field to prevent the frogs from eating the frogs; be provided with the guardrail all around in paddy field, the guardrail adopts the asbestos tile, prevents that mouse and snake class from eating the frog animal and getting into, prevents simultaneously that the frog of raising from escaping the paddy field. The method for planting the wild fungi on the straws comprises the following specific steps:

(1) the method comprises the steps of collecting 20 mu of straws, equally dividing 20 mu of rice field into 20 pieces, and paving 1 piece of rice field on site.

(2) The method comprises spreading rice straw in rows on the field with a thickness of 12-20cm, soaking in water for 20-28 hr to reduce the thickness of the rice straw layer to 8-12cm, and draining off the residual water.

(3) Dividing the field block with straw into several chambers, each chamber has a width of 80-100cm, dividing each chamber into 4-5 rows, sowing strain on the straw in the middle of each row, and leaving 30-40cm between chambers as water filtering ditch or pedestrian passageway during strain sowing without sowing strain.

(4) The straw with the strain sowed therein is used as the lower straw, and the straw without the strain sowed therein is used as the upper straw. Covering the upper layer of rice straw on the lower layer of rice straw, wherein the covering thickness of the upper layer of rice straw is 10-15 cm.

(5) Soil at the position of the upper straw originally paved in the field is dug by a covering machine and covered on the moved upper straw, and the thickness of the soil covering is 3-5cm, thereby forming the wild mushroom cultivation stack.

(6) Covering with rice straw about 3cm after covering with soil, and has effects of sun shading and moisturizing.

The upper straw layer and the lower straw layer are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the upper straw layer and the lower straw layer are conveniently paved on the lower straw layer nearby, and the upper straw layer and the lower straw layer are conveniently covered with mud nearby to form the wild fungus cultivation stack.

Watering the wild fungus cultivation stacks when necessary.

The growth cycle of the wild strain is 45-60 days.

The suitable propagation and growth temperature of the wild fungi is 0-30 ℃.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the mode of multicolored rice and frog, wild fungus, abundant utilization the idle time of space and peasant and farmland, very big increase farmland mu benefit, solved the straw simultaneously and burned the problem, make discarded straw changing waste into valuables, cyclic utilization. The frog using pests as food materials is cultivated, the use of pesticides and feeds is reduced, high-quality colorful rice and the frog are produced, after the colorful rice is harvested, wild fungi are planted on the waste straw, the corrosion of the waste straw is accelerated, the straw is effectively returned to the field, and the waste straw is completely corroded to be organic fertilizer before the next cultivation of rice, so that the field fertility is enhanced. Different fields are planted in turn, so that field hardening and weed growth can be prevented. The method is green and environment-friendly, does not need a specific place, does not need transportation cost, and has less investment and high benefit.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

In the embodiment 1, a rice field is ploughed, a gutter is arranged around the rice field, a food groove is arranged around the gutter, a sunshade and rain-proof awning is arranged above the food groove, black, red, white, green and purple rice seedlings with high quality, short stems and excellent stress resistance are selected for breeding and transplanting, 1-15 days after the rice seedlings are transplanted, a moth-trapping lamp with 200 watts is arranged in the center of the rice field, and a moth-trapping lamp strip is arranged at a position 30cm above the food groove along the food groove; 2-8 days after installing the moth-trapping lamp, breeding frogs in the rice field, and throwing the pests caught by the moth-trapping lamp into a feeding trough as the food of the frogs; after the frog and the colorful rice are harvested respectively, the harvested colorful rice straws in 20 mu of rice field are laid on 1 mu of rice field on site, wild fungi are planted on the straws, the decay of the straws is accelerated by the propagation of the wild fungi, the straws are further decayed after the wild fungi are harvested to become organic fertilizers, the 20 mu of rice field is divided into 20 pieces for alternate planting, the soil fertility is enhanced, and the soil quality of the field is improved.

Example 2, the five-color rice variety with the growth and development period of 128-135 days is preferred, a mixed fertilizer comprising quicklime and plant ash is applied in the tillering period, the pH value of the soil is adjusted to be more than 6 and less than 7.2 so as to reduce the absorption of the seedlings on cadmium, and a foliar fertilizer containing selenium (Se) is sprayed in the initial ear period so as to increase the absorption of the seedlings, particularly the young ears on selenium, so that the selenium-enriched rice is produced, and the absorption of the rice grains on cadmium can be inhibited. The rest is the same as example 1.

In example 3, the wild mushrooms are tricholoma matsutake, crinkled cap fungus, pinus rugosus, commonly known as kidney-tonifying mushroom and crinkled leg mushroom, are wild edible mushrooms which grow on the roots of the pinus densiflora and are symbiotic with the roots of the pinus densiflora, are large in size, bright in color, tender in meat quality, crisp in cover, fragrant and delicious, and have the characteristics of being delicious in color, fresh in taste, tender and crisp, tasty and refreshing, good in taste, rich in nutrition and the like. The rest is the same as the above embodiment.

In the embodiment 4, the depth of the surrounding ditch is about 60cm, the width of the surrounding ditch is about 80cm, and the surrounding ditch is kept for storing water. The rest is the same as the above embodiment.

Example 5, frogs were thrown in 6-8 million frogs per mu, and a cover net was placed over the rice field to prevent the frogs from eating the frogs; be provided with all around the paddy field and enclose the guardrail, enclose the guardrail and adopt the asbestos tile, prevent that mouse and snake from eating the frog animal and getting into, prevent simultaneously that the frog of raising from escaping the paddy field. The rest is the same as the above embodiment.

Example 6, the specific steps of planting wild fungi on straw include:

(3) Dividing the field block with the laid straws into a plurality of compartments, wherein the width of each compartment is 80-100cm, uniformly dividing each compartment into 4-5 rows, sowing strains on the straws in the middle of each row, and when the strains are sown, leaving 30-40cm between the compartments as a water filtering ditch or a pedestrian passageway without sowing the strains, so that excessive water can be timely removed, and a grower can conveniently check the growth condition of each strain at any time.

(4) The straw with the strain sowed therein is used as the lower straw, and the straw without the strain sowed therein is used as the upper straw. Covering the upper layer of rice straw on the lower layer of rice straw, wherein the covering thickness of the upper layer of rice straw is 10-15cm, and the covering of the upper layer of rice straw can preserve heat and moisture, thereby being beneficial to the propagation and growth of strains.

(5) Soil at the position of the upper straw originally paved in the field is dug by a covering machine and covered on the moved upper straw, and the thickness of the soil covering is 3-5cm, thereby forming the wild mushroom cultivation stack. Soil can reduce water loss of the straws and provide necessary nutrients for the propagation and growth of strains, the strains can be planted on the lower layer of straws, and the straws can be drilled at intervals of 10cm and at the depth of 12cm after being covered with soil for strain planting.

(6) Covering with rice straw about 3cm after covering with soil, and has effects of sun shading and moisturizing. The rest is the same as the above embodiment.

In the embodiment 7, the upper straw layers and the lower straw layers are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the upper straw layers can be conveniently paved on the lower straw layers, and the upper straw layers can be conveniently covered with mud to form a wild fungus cultivation stack, and the labor intensity is reduced. The rest is the same as the above embodiment.

Example 8 the humidity of the stacks was constantly noted and the wild fungus stacks were watered if necessary. The rest is the same as the above embodiment.

Example 9 the growth cycle of the wild type strain was 45-60 days. The rest is the same as the above embodiment.

Example 10, the wild strain is suitably grown at a temperature of 0 to 30 ℃. The rest is the same as the above embodiment.

Claims

1. A method for planting and breeding rice, frogs and wild fungi is characterized in that a rice field is ploughed, a gutter is arranged around the rice field, a feeding trough is arranged around the gutter, a sunshade awning is arranged above the feeding trough, black, red, white, green and purple rice seedlings with high quality, short stems and excellent stress resistance are selected, breeding and transplanting are carried out, 1-15 days after the rice seedlings are transplanted, a moth-trapping lamp with 200 watts is arranged in the center of the rice field, and a moth-trapping lamp strip is arranged at a position 30cm above the feeding trough along the feeding trough; 2-8 days after installing the moth-trapping lamp, breeding frogs in the rice field, and throwing the pests caught by the moth-trapping lamp into a feeding trough as the food of the frogs; the frog, the five-color rice are reaped into the back respectively, with the five-color rice straw after 20 mu paddy field reaps, lay on 1 mu paddy field on the spot, plant wild fungus on the straw, the breed of wild fungus will accelerate the rotting of straw, after the wild fungus is gathered, the straw further rots, becomes the fertilizer, divide 20 blocks of planting in turn with 20 mu paddy field, strengthen soil fertility, improve the field soil property, the concrete step of planting wild fungus on the straw includes:

(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) preparing and harvesting 20 mu of rice straws, equally dividing 20 mu of rice field into 20 pieces, and paving 1 field on site;

(2) laying straws on the field in rows with the laying thickness of 12-20cm, soaking the field in water for 20-28 hours, reducing the thickness of a straw layer to 8-12cm after the straws absorb water, and draining the residual water in the field;

(3) dividing the field block with the laid straws into a plurality of compartments, wherein the width of each compartment is 80-100cm, uniformly dividing each compartment into 4-5 rows, sowing strains on the straws in the middle of each row, and when the strains are sowed, leaving 30-40cm between the compartments as a water filtering ditch or a pedestrian passageway without sowing the strains;

(4) taking the straw with the strain as the lower layer straw, taking the straw without the strain as the upper layer straw, covering the upper layer straw on the lower layer straw, and covering the upper layer straw with the thickness of 10-15 cm;

(5) covering the moved upper straw with soil of 3-5cm thickness to form wild fungus cultivation pile;

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises selecting a variety of colored rice with a growth and development period of 128-plus 135 days, applying a mixed fertilizer comprising quicklime and plant ash at the tillering stage, adjusting the pH value of the soil to be greater than 6 and less than 7.2 to reduce the absorption of cadmium by the seedlings, and spraying a selenium-containing foliar fertilizer at the beginning stage to increase the absorption of selenium by the young ears of the seedlings so as to produce selenium-enriched rice and inhibit the absorption of cadmium by the rice grains.

3. The method for raising rice, frogs and wild fungi of claim 1 wherein the wild fungi is tricholoma matsutake.

4. The method for raising and planting rice, frogs and wild fungi as claimed in claim 1, wherein the depth of the gutter is about 60cm and the width of the gutter is about 80cm, and the gutter is kept to store water.

5. The method for raising and cultivating rice, frogs and wild fungi as claimed in claim 1, wherein frogs are fed in 6-8 ten thousand frogs per mu, and a cover net is provided above the rice field to prevent the frogs from eating the frogs; be provided with the guardrail all around in paddy field, the guardrail adopts the asbestos tile, prevents that mouse and snake class from eating the frog animal and getting into, prevents simultaneously that the frog of raising from escaping the paddy field.

6. The method for cultivating rice, frogs and wild fungi as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper and lower straw layers are staggered, so that the upper straw layer can be easily laid on the lower straw layer, and the upper straw layer can be easily covered with mud to form a wild fungi cultivation stack.

7. The method for planting rice, frogs and wild mushrooms as claimed in claim 6, wherein the humidity of the cultivation stacks is constantly noticed so that the wild mushroom cultivation stacks are watered at a proper time.

8. The method for raising and breeding rice, frogs and wild fungi of claim 1, 6 or 7 wherein the growth cycle of the wild fungi is 45-60 days.

9. The method for planting and breeding rice, frogs and wild fungi as claimed in claim 1, wherein the suitable breeding and growth temperature of the wild fungi is 0-30 ℃.