CN110122425B - Substrate for trapping coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Substrate for trapping coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110122425B CN110122425B CN201910403929.1A CN201910403929A CN110122425B CN 110122425 B CN110122425 B CN 110122425B CN 201910403929 A CN201910403929 A CN 201910403929A CN 110122425 B CN110122425 B CN 110122425B
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- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 32
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of insect cultivation, and particularly relates to a substrate for trapping coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs. The substrate for trapping eggs of the coccinella septempunctata is prepared by selectively adding water and agar into selected tea powder and grain starch serving as raw materials to prepare a liquid substrate or a solid substrate, so that the olfactory effect of adult coccinella septempunctata can be effectively utilized, and the trapping effect of the coccinella septempunctata is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of insect cultivation, and particularly relates to a substrate for trapping coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs.
Background
Aphids are extremely harmful pests in agriculture, bring irreversible damage to plants and the environment, and cause disasters in greenhouses and fields. At present, the prevention and treatment of aphids mainly comprises pesticide prevention and treatment, and although the effect is obvious, the method inevitably causes great chemical pollution caused by over-high dosage of chemical pesticides and causes secondary harm.
Coccinella septempunctata L is one of dominant natural enemies of aphids, and Coccinella septemfasciata belongs to Coleoptera, Coccinellidae and is an important predatory natural enemy of aphids on main crops such as wheat, cotton, oil and vegetables. Domestic and foreign researches prove that the method for treating aphids by using the coccinella septempunctata is an excellent biological control mode. The biological control measures of controlling the pests by the pests can effectively reduce the pollution brought by applying chemical pesticides to the environment and the harm brought to the human health, and have important ecological significance. With the improvement of the commercial application degree of biological control, researches on the aspects of growth and development, population large-scale propagation, application safety and the like of predatory ladybug have become new research hotspots.
The existing indoor artificial breeding method of the coccinella septempunctata has no mature system method, can ensure that the coccinella septempunctata can be stably propagated by subculture with good characters, and always has the problems that the coccinella septempunctata can complete the life history, but the fertility is not strong, the egg laying method is lack of research, and a large amount of subculture can not be realized in the existing method. The test ladybug of the coccinella septempunctata depends on field collection, and a stable insect source for continuous multi-generation feeding is not available, so that research work on the coccinella septempunctata is limited, and the coccinella septempunctata as a natural enemy insect is also limited to be released and applied in the field.
Earlier stage researches show that the method for breeding the coccinella septempunctata by adopting indoor artificial breeding of the aphids of the broad beans is a better method for breeding the coccinella septempunctata. Wherein, factors such as environmental light period, different environmental colors and the like have obvious influence on the egg laying habit and the egg laying amount of the coccinella septempunctata. The induction matrix capable of inducing and collecting the effective and concentrated spawning of the coccinella septempunctata plays an important role in large-scale artificial propagation of the coccinella septempata and provides a premise for the application of the coccinella septempata in fields.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a substrate for trapping coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs;
the second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a lure for trapping the spawning of the coccinella septempunctata.
In order to solve the technical problems, the substrate for inducing the coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs comprises tea powder, grain starch and water, wherein the mass ratio of the tea powder to the grain starch to the water is (10-15): 8-12: 100.
preferably, the mass ratio of the tea powder to the grain starch to the water is 12: 10: 100.
specifically, the tea powder comprises green tea powder, white tea powder and/or oolong tea powder.
Preferably, the tea powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1: 1 green tea powder, white tea powder and oolong tea powder.
In particular, the cereal starch comprises corn starch and/or wheat starch.
Preferably, the cereal starch comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 1 and wheat starch.
Preferably, the matrix further comprises agar, and the addition amount of the agar accounts for 2 wt% of the water.
The invention also discloses a method for preparing the medium for inducing the egg laying of the coccinella septempunctata, which comprises the step of uniformly mixing a selected amount of the tea powder, grain starch and water.
The invention also discloses application of the substrate for inducing the coccinella septempunctata to prepare the inducing core for inducing the coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs.
The invention also discloses a lure core for inducing the coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs, which comprises the substrate for inducing the coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs and pea seedlings loaded with the aphid tailorae peasants.
The invention further discloses a method for trapping the coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs, which comprises the steps of placing a trapping device in a coccinella septempunctata breeding cage for trapping and laying eggs;
the trapping device comprises an open spawning container, and a partition plate with an opening is arranged in the spawning container, so that the spawning container is divided into an upper trapping space and a lower spawning space;
a funnel-shaped insect trap is arranged in the upper trapping space, an attracting core containing trapping materials is arranged at the open end of the insect trap, and the thin tube end of the insect trap penetrates through the opening to extend into the spawning space;
and a spawning carrier is laid in the lower spawning space.
The trapping material is pea seedlings carrying pea aphids for repairing tail.
And the root of the pea seedling is provided with soaked absorbent cotton.
The outer layer of the soaked absorbent cotton is coated with a preservative film.
The number of the pea tailbiting aphids is 180-.
The spawning carrier is a dark PE bag.
The spawning carrier is a black PE bag.
The spawning carrier is a black smooth PE bag.
The thickness of the spawning carrier is 0.1-0.2 mm.
The ratio of the input amount of the pea aphids for repairing tail to the number of the ladybug to be induced and collected for laying is 500-600: 1.
the substrate for trapping the egg laying of the coccinella septempunctata is prepared by selectively adding water and agar into selected tea powder and grain starch serving as raw materials to prepare a liquid substrate or a solid substrate, so that the olfactory effect of adult coccinella septempunctata can be effectively utilized, and the trapping egg laying effect of the coccinella septempunctata is improved.
In order to further improve the trapping effect on the coccinella septempunctata, the invention further discloses a method suitable for trapping the coccinella septempata to lay eggs, namely, pea seedlings loaded with sufficient pea tailorable aphids are taken as trapping materials, the coccinella septempata is placed in a spawning container to be trapped and spawned by utilizing the tropism of the coccinella septempata to aphids, the method has obvious trapping effect, the coccinella septempata can be trapped together, and the gathering and spawning of the coccinella septempata are facilitated; and the smooth black PE bag with the thickness of 0.1-0.2mm and high egg laying quantity is used as an egg laying carrier, so that the egg laying rate and recovery rate of the coccinella septempunctata are effectively improved, the problems of low egg laying amount and low egg recovery rate of the coccinella septempunctata are effectively solved, and the method has an important effect on ensuring population reproduction of the coccinella septempunctata.
According to the core trapping material of the trapping device, the growth state of the pea seedlings has important influence on the number and the survival rate of the coccinella pisifolia, the number of the coccinella pisifolia affects the gathering effect and the egg laying amount of ladybirds, and in view of the fact that humidity has a decisive effect on keeping the freshness of the pea seedlings, the method for wrapping the roots of the pea seedlings of the trapping material after being soaked in absorbent cotton is adopted, and then a layer of preservative film is wrapped to prevent moisture on the absorbent cotton from evaporating so as to guarantee the healthy growth of the pea seedlings, so that the population stability of the aphids on the pea seedlings is guaranteed.
The method for trapping the coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs integrates the color-taxing effect and the olfactory effect of the adult coccinella septempata, provides a new method for trapping and laying eggs, can ensure that all the adults can lay eggs in a centralized way, reduces the generation of eggs by the coccinella septempata at other positions, particularly at hidden positions which are difficult to recover, improves the recovery rate of laying eggs by the adult coccinella septempata, effectively solves the defects that the conventional coccinella septempata laying method is labor-consuming and can not be recycled, and provides a new way for realizing the industrialized production of the coccinella septempata.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, the following detailed description of the present disclosure is provided in connection with specific embodiments thereof and the accompanying drawings, in which,
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the apparatus for inducing spawning of coccinella septempunctata according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the device for inducing spawning of coccinella septempunctata according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the device for inducing the spawning of the coccinella septempunctata of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the device for inducing spawning of coccinella septempunctata according to the invention;
the reference numbers in the figures denote: 1-spawning container, 2-partition board, 3-opening hole, 4-insect trap, 5-lure core, 6-lure collecting space, 7-spawning space and 8-spawning carrier.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The medium for inducing the coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs comprises 10g of white tea powder, 12g of corn starch and 100g of water.
The preparation method of the medium for inducing spawning of the coccinella septempunctata comprises the step of uniformly mixing the tea powder (white tea is dried and crushed), the grain starch and water to prepare the required liquid medium.
Example 2
The medium for inducing the coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs comprises 10g of oolong tea powder, 12g of wheat starch and 100g of water.
The preparation method of the medium for inducing egg laying of coccinella septempunctata in the embodiment comprises the step of uniformly mixing the tea powder (oolong tea is dried and crushed), grain starch and water to prepare the required liquid medium.
Example 3
The medium for inducing the coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs comprises 12g of green tea powder, 10g of corn starch and 100g of water.
The preparation method of the medium for inducing spawning of the coccinella septempunctata comprises the step of uniformly mixing the tea powder (green tea is dried and crushed), grain starch and water to prepare the required liquid medium.
Example 4
The medium for inducing coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs comprises 4g of green tea powder, 4g of white tea powder, 4g of oolong tea powder, 6g of corn starch, 4g of wheat starch, 2g of agar and 100g of water.
The preparation method of the medium for inducing spawning of the coccinella septempunctata comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the tea powder, the grain starch and the water, adding the agar while the agar is hot, standing and condensing to obtain the required solid medium.
Example 5
The medium for inducing coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs comprises 6g of green tea powder, 4g of white tea powder, 4g of corn starch, 6g of wheat starch, 2g of agar and 100g of water.
The preparation method of the medium for inducing spawning of the coccinella septempunctata comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the tea powder, the grain starch and water, adding the agar while the mixture is hot, standing and condensing to obtain the required solid medium.
Example 6
The medium for inducing coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs comprises 6g of green tea powder, 3g of white tea powder, 3g of oolong tea powder, 5g of corn starch, 5g of wheat starch, 2g of agar and 100g of water.
The preparation method of the medium for inducing spawning of the coccinella septempunctata comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the tea powder, the grain starch and water, adding the agar while the mixture is hot, standing and condensing to obtain the required solid medium.
The trapping substrates prepared in the above examples 1 to 6 were placed in insect cages containing 50 pairs of adult coccinella septempunctata of 7 days after eclosion, flush with the ground, and the coccinella septempunctata food was removed. Black PE plastic bags were laid in the insect cages as spawning carriers, wherein the liquid substrates prepared in examples 1-3 were placed in glassware on the spawning carriers, while the solid substrates prepared in examples 4-6 were placed directly on the spawning carriers after demolding.
After 24 hours, the egg laying carrier arranged at the bottom layer of the insect cage is taken out, the PE bag attached with the egg mass is cut off by scissors, the cut PE bag is arranged in a culture dish with filter paper, water is added for moisture preservation, the culture and incubation are carried out at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60-80%, the number of ladybug eggs on the egg laying carrier is counted, the insect cage is directly used for natural egg laying without adding any substrate as a comparison example 1, and the counting result is recorded in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 statistics of egg laying amount
As can be seen from the data in the table, the substrate for trapping the eggs of the coccinella septempunctata is beneficial to the trapping of the coccinella septempunctata and can effectively induce the coccinella septempata to intensively spawn.
Examples 7 to 12
With the structure shown in figure 1, the device for trapping coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs comprises an open transparent spawning container 1, wherein a partition plate 2 with an opening 3 is arranged in the spawning container 1, so that the spawning container 1 is divided into an upper trapping space 6 and a lower spawning space 7; the partition plate 2 is preferably a transparent partition plate, and the partition plate 2 is preferably provided near the upper portion of the spawning container 1 to leave a sufficient space for the lower spawning space 7. The opening 3 of the partition 2 is preferably provided at a central position of the partition 2.
A funnel-shaped insect trap 4 is arranged in the upper trapping space 6, an attracting core 5 containing trapping materials is arranged at the open end of the insect trap 4, and the thin tube end of the insect trap 4 penetrates through the opening 3 and extends into the spawning space; the aperture of the opening 3 is suitable for the diameter of the tubule end of the insect trap 4. Lure core 5 to fix through modes such as support or couple, iron wire in lure worm ware 4 leaks hopper-shaped hollow, in the structure shown in figure 1, lure core 5 to be through the mode that the iron wire ties up promptly, with its be fixed in lure worm ware 4's hopper-shaped hollow, effectively ensured the ladybug of seven gets into the space of lower floor's oviposition space 7.
The trapping material is preferably fresh pea seedlings carrying pea tailbiting aphids, the fresh pea seedlings growing to about 10cm and having good growth vigor are selected, aphids are picked to the pea seedlings according to a proportion (about 200 heads of each pea seedling) by a writing brush and are pulled up along with roots, absorbent cotton is used for soaking to surround the roots of the pea seedlings, and a preservative film is covered on the absorbent cotton for moisture preservation, so that the trapping material is prepared. The ratio of the input amount of the pea aphids for repairing tail to the number of the ladybug to be induced and collected for laying is 500-600: 1.
in order to further improve the trapping effect on the egg laying of the coccinella septempunctata, the trapping core of the invention also comprises a trapping matrix besides the trapping material; specifically, the trapping matrix is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 10-15: 8-12: 100: 2, perforating the trapping substrate, enabling the roots of the pea seedlings to penetrate through the perforations of the solid substrate, soaking the roots of the pea seedlings with absorbent cotton to surround the roots of the pea seedlings, and covering the absorbent cotton with a preservative film for moisture preservation to obtain the trapping material.
In the induced spawning device, spawning carriers 8 are laid in the lower spawning space 7. The spawning carrier 8 is preferably a dark-colored PE bag, more preferably a black smooth PE bag, and is preferably laid to a thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm.
In the following examples of the invention, the egg laying trapping of coccinella septempunctata is carried out by using the trapping device shown in fig. 1 by respectively selecting the trapping cores of different trapping materials and trapping matrixes (see table 1 below). The trapping device is arranged in an insect breeding cage filled with 50 pairs of adult coccinella septempunctata 7 days after eclosion, is flush with the ground, and cleans the food of the coccinella septentata.
After 24 hours, the egg laying carrier arranged at the bottom layer of the insect cage is taken out, the PE bag attached with the egg mass is cut off by scissors, the cut PE bag is arranged in a culture dish with filter paper, water is added for moisture preservation, the culture and incubation are carried out under the conditions of 25 ℃ and 60-80% of relative humidity, the number of ladybug eggs on the egg laying carrier is counted, and the counting result is recorded in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 example ladybug egg laying number
Comparative example 2
The structure of the induced spawning device in this comparative example was the same as that of example 2 except that the spawning carrier was black printing paper. The egg laying amount is 378 grains by measurement.
Comparative example 3
The structure of the induced spawning device in this comparative example is the same as that of example 2, except that the spawning carrier is old newspaper. The egg laying amount was determined to be 332 pellets.
The data in the table show that the method is suitable for the device for inducing the coccinella septempunctata to lay eggs, can effectively induce the coccinella septempata to lay eggs, and particularly can effectively improve the egg laying amount of the coccinella septempata by setting the inducing medium.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The application of the composition in preparing the solid matrix for inducing spawning of the coccinella septempunctata is characterized in that the composition consists of tea powder, grain starch, water and agar, wherein the mass ratio of the tea powder to the grain starch to the water is 10-15: 8-12: 100, wherein the addition amount of the agar accounts for 2 wt% of the water;
the tea powder is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 1: 1, green tea powder, white tea powder and oolong tea powder;
the cereal starch is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass of 1: 1, corn starch and wheat starch;
and the solid matrix is provided with a perforation, the root of the pea seedling loaded with the green pea aphid passes through the perforation of the solid matrix, then the degreasing cotton is used for soaking to surround the root of the pea seedling, and a preservative film is covered on the degreasing cotton for preserving moisture.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the tea powder, the grain starch and the water is 12: 10: 100.
3. the use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the preparation method of the solid matrix for inducing egg laying of coccinella septempunctata comprises the step of uniformly mixing selected amounts of the tea powder, grain starch and water.
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| CN1323520A (en) * | 2001-06-16 | 2001-11-28 | 王春良 | Industrial breeding technology of coccinella septempunctata |
| CN101044885A (en) * | 2007-04-29 | 2007-10-03 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Artificial feed for tea plant looper, its preparing method, and method for raising said loopers |
| KR101214248B1 (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2012-12-20 | 김민기 | Mealworm oviposition apparatus |
| CN104957116A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-10-07 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for luring and collecting Chinese chive maggot imagoes for laying eggs |
| CN106472428A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-03-08 | 天津拓华生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of utilization fruit bat and the method for bean weevil mixing raising ladybug |
| CN109258530A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-25 | 王娜 | Promote the cultural method of leech growth |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 七星瓢虫人工饲料的优化和评价;程英;《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 农业科技辑》;20190415(第04期);第D046-24页 * |
| 环境颜色对七星瓢虫产卵的影响;肖达等;《中国生物防治学报》;20170123(第01期);第44-48页 * |
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| CN110122425A (en) | 2019-08-16 |
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