CN101044885A - Artificial feed for tea plant looper, its preparing method, and method for raising said loopers - Google Patents
Artificial feed for tea plant looper, its preparing method, and method for raising said loopers Download PDFInfo
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- CN101044885A CN101044885A CNA2007100683840A CN200710068384A CN101044885A CN 101044885 A CN101044885 A CN 101044885A CN A2007100683840 A CNA2007100683840 A CN A2007100683840A CN 200710068384 A CN200710068384 A CN 200710068384A CN 101044885 A CN101044885 A CN 101044885A
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Abstract
An artificial forage for tea geometrid is proportionally prepared from agar, potassium sorbate, refined glucose, soluble starch, deoiled soybean powder, composite VB, VC, VE, tea powder and purified water. Its preparing process and the method for culturing tea geometrid are also disclosed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to insect feedstuff and breeding technology field, relate in particular to the man-made feeds of raising tea geometrid, preparation method and be used for the raising new method that subculture is cultivated tea geometrid.
Background technology
Tea geometrid Ectropis oblique Warren is one of primary pest of China tea tree, to get food tea tree tender leaf, takes place can have a strong impact on the tree vigo(u)r of tea tree and the yield and quality of tealeaves with tea place in blocks food to the greatest extent when serious.This worm mainly is distributed in provinces such as Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangsu, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi and Fujian, takes place the most serious with tea districts such as Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui.People often use chemical pesticide to prevent and treat in order to control its harm, cause the tealeaves persticide residue obviously to exceed standard.In recent years, climax of rising pollution-free tea and organic tea production energetically in all parts of the country.For high yield, stable yields, the high-quality production that fundamentally guarantees pollution-free tea and organic tea, its prerequisite is at first to carry out the biologicall test of agricultural chemicals, filter out from a large amount of agricultural chemicals that primary pest-tea geometrid tool to tea tree is efficient, the biological pesticide of low toxicity, low-residual characteristic, and popularize in an all-round way and correct use.For this reason, must provide a large amount of tea geometrid standard worm sources the anniversary, to guarantee carrying out smoothly of pesticide bioassay.But owing to be subjected to the seasonal effect of Tea Production, winter, tealeaves was very old, was not suitable for the food of getting of tea geometrid larva; Though there is spring new tealeaves to grow, because of spring tea price height, quantity is few again, can not be used to raise the tea geometrid larva in a large number.Therefore, must solve feed the man-made feeds prescription of tea geometrid, its preparation method and use this man-made feeds whole years, matching method that subculture is raised tea geometrid.
The man-made feeds research of relevant tea geometrid relates to two pieces of documents: one, insect knowledge, 1982,19 (5): the 36-37 page or leaf, man-made feeds are raised the tea geometrid bulletin, Liu Debao, Yang Yiming, Wu Peili, raise tea geometrid with the prescription that 80 milliliters in tea leaf powder 37.5 gram, analysis for soybean powder 6 grams, starch 2.5 grams, sucrose 2.5 grams, vitamin B compound 0.02 gram, vitamin E 0.04 gram, citric acid 0.88 gram, sorbic acid 0.15 gram, agar 6 grams and water etc. is formed, wherein tea leaf powder forms with Tea Processing inferior on the market, and water is with general running water.The larvae development of raising is gone through the phase and has been prolonged nearly one times of time than the phase of going through of raising with fresh tea leaf in its, and adult life-span, egg laying amount and incubation rate obviously are less than contrast.Its two, biological control circular, 1989,5 (4): the 168-172 page or leaf, tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses research, is opened 13 people such as upright people at Chen Dihua, Zhang Yimin, mentions the man-made feeds prescription of tea geometrid: 10 milliliters of tea leaf powder 30 grams, soybean homogenate, vitamin C 0.5-0.7 gram, multivita-glucose 0.5 gram, nipalgin 0.2 gram, sorbic acid 0.1 gram, agar 2-2.5 gram, 100 milliliters in water.Its development duration of tea geometrid larva that this prescription is raised has compared with the prolongation of fresh tea leaf in its raising 5-9 days, other indexs and contrast no significant difference, but do not mention key technical index results such as survival rate of larvae, egg hatching rate in the literary composition, do not relate to the concrete test data of tea geometrid larva, pupa, adult related biological index yet.Above-mentioned two routine man-made feeds prescriptions show, present existing man-made feeds are raised tea geometrid, its larvae development is gone through the phase and is obviously prolonged, poor effect such as survival rate of larvae, adult egg laying amount and egg hatching rate, especially in the winter time be difficult to a large amount of artificial propagations with during lacking the natural tea feed early spring, also just being difficult to reach provides medicament to screen the purpose of necessary a large amount of tea geometrid larvas the whole year continuously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to,, provide a kind of energy suitable man-made feeds of feeding tea geometrid at above-mentioned existence deficiency; Another object of the present invention is the preparation method who proposes these man-made feeds; A further object of the present invention is to propose to use these man-made feeds to carry out the whole year, subculture raising, to reach the method in year-round supply tea geometrid standard worm source.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of man-made feeds of feeding tea geometrid, the recipe ingredient of these man-made feeds and the weight portion of each component are: agar 0.5-6 part, potassium sorbate (food grade preservative) 0.1-0.8 part, refining glucose 1-8.5 part, soluble starch 1.5-10 part, degreasing analysis for soybean powder 2-10 part, vitamin B compound 0.01-0.1 part, vitamin C 0.1-1.5 part, vitamin E 0.02-0.15 part, tea leaf powder (the green tea powder of food cake special use) 20-40 part and pure water 100-180 part.
The preparation method of above-mentioned tea geometrid man-made feeds, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) each component is pressed the prescription weighing, standby;
(2) agar is used the pure water heating for dissolving, when being cooled to 60-70 ℃, add potassium sorbate, refining glucose, soluble starch and degreasing analysis for soybean powder successively after, stir;
(3) in step (2) solution, add vitamin B compound, vitamin C, vitamin E and tea leaf powder successively, after fully mixing thoroughly, pour into to be cooled in the container of sterilization back and condense;
(4) step (3) curdled mixt is cut into 5-15 millimeters thick thin slice, after the vacuum packaging, put 4-5 ℃ of antistaling storing the man-made feeds product.
The method that using artificial feed whole year, subculture are raised tea geometrid, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) cultivate tender tea shoot: with the seed soaking of ripe tea seed, sand buries, put in the growth cabinet of 25 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 85 ± 5%, and through vernalization in 20-25 days, after the germination, the tender tea shoot of innately looking required again through 5-10;
(2) will just hatch the tea geometrid larva and be placed in the sterilization back raising box, and add the tender tea shoot of step (1), and put 25 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 80 ± 5% light application time 12-14 hour/day, is raised in the artificial incubator of intensity of illumination 5000-6000 LUX;
(3) tea geometrid larva after 2 ages is placed on sterilization back and raises in the box, add described man-made feeds and raise, wherein the low instar larvae stocking density is 15-20 head/100 centimetre
2, advanced age larva raising density be about 10/100 centimetres
2, put the interior raising of the artificial incubator of step (2) the same terms to pupating;
(4) the tea geometrid pupa is put into sterilization back wide-mouth bottle, wrapped up bottleneck, put 25 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, raise to adult eclosion in the artificial incubator of relative humidity 80 ± 5% with disinfecting paper;
(5) the adults of ectropis obliqua back pairing of sprouting wings is transferred to be built-in with after the sterilization and foldingly is barricaded as in the wide-mouth bottle of frame official form for filing a lawsuit bar (being convenient to stop, lay eggs behind the adult eclosion), bottleneck is wrapped up with disinfecting paper, place 25 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 80 ± 5%, light application time 6-8 hour/day, in the artificial incubator of intensity of illumination 2000-3000LUX, be allowed to condition at bottle interior mate and oviposit to hatching;
(6) larva hatching back continues to raise by above-mentioned steps (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) cycling subculture, finishes until raising.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, this artificial fodder production process is easy, and cost is lower, about about 9 yuan of per 1000 gram costs, and antistaling storing is convenient, and the shelf-life is more than 6 months;
Two, this artificial feed applicability is strong, tea geometrid larva happiness food, grow rapidly, normally, its larvae development is gone through the phase (21.56 days), survival rate (83.17%), pupa is gone through the phase (8.76 days), survival rate (81.89%), adult egg laying amount (166.53/female), egg hatching rate biological indicators such as (80.65%) does not have significant difference (seeing the routine table 1 of test) with the omnidistance index of raising of the natural foodstuff of contrast (tealeaves);
Three, adopt the artificial feed of the present invention in conjunction with after utilizing the tea seed to cultivate the method for breeding of tender tea shoot, overcome in the past because of seasonal variety, especially in the winter time with natural feed shortage in early spring cause tea geometrid can not be annual a subculture difficult problem of raising, realized that the medicament screening requires anniversary, the purpose in the amount of putting forward supply tea geometrid standard worm source greatly.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with example, but this is not anyly specifically to place restrictions on of the present invention.
Among the present invention, the source and the standard of each component are: agar (product quality meets 2000 editions standards of pharmacopeia for Quanzhou City, Fujian spring Hong Kongnization factory, net weight 100 gram/bags); Potassium sorbate-food grade preservative (Fujian Min Dong auspicious color food additives Co., Ltd); Refining glucose (Zhejiang Beiyinmei Industry And Trade Co., Ltd, product authenticates by GMP); Tea leaf powder (Hangzhou tea processing factory, the green tea powder of food cake special use, fineness 200 orders); Vitamin B complex tablet (Kangle Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Zhejiang, grinds to form 100 orders by 100 milligrams/sheet), VITAMIN C TABLET (the auspicious new medicine company in Zhejiang limited company, grinds to form 100 orders by 100 milligrams/sheet); Vitamin E capsule and pill (Zhejiang Medicine Co, 100 milligrams /); Soluble starch (food chemical industry affiliated company in Huzhou, Zhejiang analyzes net product); The degreasing analysis for soybean powder is a dregs of beans, grinds to form 100 orders (process high-temperature sterilization before using) after the oven dry; Pure water utilizes distilled water and ultra-pure water system to prepare voluntarily.
Embodiment 1:(tea geometrid man-made feeds preparation 1)
By the prescription weighing, 3.0 kilograms in agar, 0.4 kilogram of potassium sorbate, 5.0 kilograms of refining glucose, 2.5 kilograms of soluble starches, 8.0 kilograms of degreasing analysis for soybean powder, 0.02 kilogram of vitamin B compound, 1.0 kilograms of vitamin Cs, 0.05 kilogram of vitamin E, 38.0 kilograms of tea leaf powders and pure water 120 kg, and be prepared into the tea geometrid man-made feeds according to the following steps:
(1) agar is used the pure water heating for dissolving, when being cooled to 60-70 ℃, add potassium sorbate, refining glucose, soluble starch, degreasing analysis for soybean powder successively after, stir, standby;
(2) in step (1) solution, add vitamin B compound, vitamin C, vitamin E, tea leaf powder successively, after fully mixing thoroughly, pour into and be cooled to room temperature in the container of sterilization back and condense and be block;
(3) step (2) block mixture is cut into 5 millimeters thick thin slices after, the Nylon Bag of packing into vacuumizes packing, put 4 ℃ of following antistaling storings of refrigerator the man-made feeds product.
Embodiment 2:(tea geometrid man-made feeds preparation 2)
Each amounts of components of this example is, 180 kilograms of 0.8 kilogram in agar, 0.15 kilogram of potassium sorbate (food-grade), 0.5 kilogram of refining glucose, 5.0 kilograms of soluble starches, 2.0 kilograms of degreasing analysis for soybean powder, 0.05 kilogram of vitamin B compound, 0.15 kilogram of vitamin C, 0.1 kilogram of vitamin E, 20.0 kilograms of tea leaf powders (special use of food cake) and pure water; Product is cut into 10 millimeters thick thin slices, all the other preparation methods with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:(tea geometrid man-made feeds preparation 3)
Each amounts of components of this example is, 150 kilograms of 5.5 kilograms in agar, 0.75 kilogram of potassium sorbate (food-grade), 8.0 kilograms of refining glucose, 9.5 kilograms of soluble starches, 4.5 kilograms of degreasing analysis for soybean powder, 0.1 kilogram of vitamin B compound, 1.5 kilograms of vitamin Cs, 0.15 kilogram of vitamin E, 30.0 kilograms of tea leaf powders (special use of food cake) and pure water; Product is cut into 15 millimeters thick thin slices, and all the other preparation methods are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4:(man-made feeds whole years, subculture are raised the tea geometrid method)
In feeding process, note: must strict note the sterilization of indoor, incubator and various raising vessel and instrument, accomplish sterile working, in case infect.
Specifically carry out according to the following steps:
(1) cultivate tender tea shoot: immerse in the clear water after ripe tea seed is shelled, change water every day once, after 3 days, remove the seed that floats on the surface, it is standby to take off heavy seed; Spread 2-3 centimetre clean fine sand layer in seed germination box bottom, disseminate one deck soaked seed tea seed, the moistening fine sand of lid layer 2-3 cm thick on the tea seed again on the fine sand; It is that 25 ± 0.5 ℃, relative humidity are 85 ± 5% growth cabinet that whole germinating box places temperature, and through after the vernalization in 20-25 days, the tea seed with germinating capacity all can germinate, and obtaining required tender tea shoot again after 5-10 days; The raising of higher instar larvae after also can continuing to cultivate tea shoot and being used for;
(2) will just hatch the tea geometrid larva and be placed in the sterilization back raising box, and add the tender tea shoot of step (1), and put 25 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 80 ± 5% light application time 12-14 hour/day, is raised in the artificial incubator of intensity of illumination 5000-6000LUX;
(3) tea geometrid larva after 2 ages is placed on sterilization back and raises in the box, add embodiment 1,2 or 3 made man-made feeds and raise, wherein, 2-3 instar larvae stocking density is 15-20 head/100 centimetre
2, 4-5 instar larvae stocking density is about 10/100 centimetres
2, put the interior raising of the artificial incubator of step (2) the same terms to pupating;
(4) the tea geometrid pupa is put into sterilization back Cans, wrapped up bottleneck, put 25 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, raise to adult eclosion in the artificial incubator of relative humidity 80 ± 5% with disinfecting paper;
(5) tea geometrid is sprouted wings after the adult pairing, transfer to and be built-in with after the sterilization in the folding Cans that are barricaded as frame official form for filing a lawsuit bar (be convenient to sprout wings back adult stop, lay eggs), bottleneck is wrapped up with disinfecting paper, place 25 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 80 ± 5%, light application time 6-8 hour/day, in the artificial incubator of intensity of illumination 2000-3000LUX, be allowed to condition at a bottle interior mate and oviposit hatching;
(6) larva hatching back continues to carry out the subculture raising by above-mentioned steps (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) cycling, and required worm source constantly is provided, and finishes until raising.
The annual method of raising tea geometrid of embodiment 5:(integrated use nature fresh tea leaf in its and man-made feeds)
Summer, autumn tea growth period (about 5-10 month) can utilize outdoor natural fresh tea leaf in its to raise under indoor natural conditions; Can in growth cabinet adopt embodiment 1,2 or the man-made feeds product of 3 preparations and method, the condition of embodiment 4 raise, with further reduction feeding cost to spring tea growing period (April in November to next year) winter.
Test routine 6:(man-made feeds and natural fresh tea leaf in its and raise the effect contrast test of tea geometrid)
Test period: on October 27,8 days to 2006 September in 2006
Test site: Hangzhou, Zhejiang province city, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science plant protection and institute of microbiology insect laboratory;
Man-made feeds: adopt embodiment 1 product;
Nature tealeaves: pick up from tea place, suburb, Hangzhou;
Test borer population: about 2000;
Method for breeding: adopt embodiment 4 described methods.
Table 1 man-made feeds and natural fresh tea leaf in its are raised the effect contrast test of tea geometrid
| Content | The nature fresh tea leaf in its | Man-made feeds |
| Larvae development go through the phase (my god) | 15.48 | 21.56 |
| Survival rate of larvae (%) | 91.76 | 83.17 |
| Pupa development go through the phase (my god) | 7.34 | 8.76 |
| Adult eclosion rate (%) | 90.25 | 81.89 |
| The adult egg laying amount (grain/to) | 198.45 | 166.53 |
| Egg hatching rate (%) | 88.57 | 80.65 |
This test is from October 27,8 days to 2006 September in 2006, raise generation of tea geometrid with man-made feeds, the tea geometrid larvae development that this method is raised was gone through the phase average out to 21.56 days, comparison prolongs 5-7 days according to raising (the full nursing with fresh tea leaf in its from generation to generation), survival rate of larvae is 83.17%, pupa development is gone through 8.76 days phases, the adult eclosion rate is 81.89%, every average egg laying amount of female adult is 166.53, egg hatching rate is 80.65%, every index and the no significant difference of contrast, the larva stalwartness of cultivating, amount is big, reach annual, subculture is raised, the purpose in year-round supply tea geometrid standard worm source.Test shows that also the artificial feed of the present invention is from mould occurring generally more than 5 days to expecting, and is longer from being dosed to the foodstuff replacing time than fresh tea leaf in its, reduced the number of times that reloads, and reached the practicability requirement.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of man-made feeds of feeding tea geometrid is characterized in that the recipe ingredient of this feed and the weight portion of each component are: agar 0.5-6 part, potassium sorbate 0.1-0.8 part, refining glucose 1-8.5 part, soluble starch 1.5-10 part, degreasing analysis for soybean powder 2-10 part, vitamin B compound 0.01-0.1 part, vitamin C 0.1-1.5 part, vitamin E 0.02-0.15 part, tea leaf powder 20-40 part and pure water 100-180 part.
2, the method for preparing the described feed of claim 1 is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
(1) each component is pressed the prescription weighing, standby;
(2) agar is used the pure water heating for dissolving, when being cooled to 60-70 ℃, add potassium sorbate, refining glucose, soluble starch and degreasing analysis for soybean powder successively after, stir;
(3) in step (2) solution, add vitamin B compound, vitamin C, vitamin E and tea leaf powder successively, after fully mixing thoroughly, pour into to be cooled in the container of sterilization back and condense;
(4) step (3) curdled mixt is cut into 5-15 millimeters thick thin slice, after the vacuum packaging, put 4-5 ℃ of antistaling storing the man-made feeds product.
3, application rights requires 1 described feed to carry out the method for the whole year, subculture raising tea geometrid, it is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
(1) cultivate tender tea shoot: with the seed soaking of ripe tea seed, sand buries, put in the growth cabinet of 25 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 85 ± 5%, and through vernalization in 20-25 days, after the germination, the tender tea shoot of innately looking required again through 5-10;
(2) will just hatch the tea geometrid larva and be placed in the sterilization back raising box, and add the tender tea shoot of step (1), and put 25 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 80 ± 5% light application time 12-14 hour/day, is raised in the artificial incubator of intensity of illumination 5000-6000LUX;
(3) tea geometrid larva after 2 ages is placed on sterilization back and raises in the box, add described man-made feeds and raise, wherein the low instar larvae stocking density is 15-20 head/100 centimetre
2, advanced age larva raising density be about 10/100 centimetres
2, put the interior raising of the artificial incubator of step (2) the same terms to pupating;
(4) the tea geometrid pupa is put into sterilization back wide-mouth bottle, wrapped up bottleneck, put 25 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, raise to adult eclosion in the artificial incubator of relative humidity 80 ± 5% with disinfecting paper;
(5) the adults of ectropis obliqua back pairing of sprouting wings is transferred to be built-in with after the sterilization and foldingly is barricaded as in the wide-mouth bottle of frame official form for filing a lawsuit bar, bottleneck is wrapped up with disinfecting paper, place 25 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 80 ± 5%, light application time 6-8 hour/day, in the artificial incubator of intensity of illumination 2000-3000LUX, be allowed to condition at bottle interior mate and oviposit to hatching;
(6) larva hatching back continues to raise by above-mentioned steps (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) cycling subculture, finishes until raising.
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| CN101953438A (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2011-01-26 | 茂名市林业科学研究所 | Flaky feed for feeding Geometridae insects |
| CN102499189A (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2012-06-20 | 信阳市农业科学研究所 | Method for subculturing Ectropis obliqua hypulina Wehrli indoor with fresh leaves |
| CN102550490A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-07-11 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | Method of raising ectropis oblique warren through sambucus chinensis and Ectropis grisescens nucleopolyhedrovirus (EcobNPV) propagation method utilizing same |
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| CN101953438A (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2011-01-26 | 茂名市林业科学研究所 | Flaky feed for feeding Geometridae insects |
| CN102499189A (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2012-06-20 | 信阳市农业科学研究所 | Method for subculturing Ectropis obliqua hypulina Wehrli indoor with fresh leaves |
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| CN110432406A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-11-12 | 金华市农业科学研究院 | A kind of tea geometrid man-made feeds composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN112674242A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-04-20 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | Artificial feed for larval of larval of larval |
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