CN110915768A - Method for breeding sand-inhabiting insects - Google Patents
Method for breeding sand-inhabiting insects Download PDFInfo
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- CN110915768A CN110915768A CN201911352162.0A CN201911352162A CN110915768A CN 110915768 A CN110915768 A CN 110915768A CN 201911352162 A CN201911352162 A CN 201911352162A CN 110915768 A CN110915768 A CN 110915768A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of sand-inhabiting insects, which comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing a flowerpot, wherein the bottom of the flowerpot is blocked by cotton or sponge to prevent sand from flowing out; step 2, adding a certain amount of wet sand; step 3, adding a certain amount of dry sand; step 4, adding feed and insects; step 5, weighing the weight of the flowerpot added with the feed and the insects; and 6, weighing the weight loss condition of the flowerpot after a period of time, supplementing water with corresponding weight in the flowerpot tray, and sucking the water into the flowerpot by virtue of the capillary phenomenon of cotton and sand. The raising method of the present invention has egg developing period of 6-14 days at 20-33 deg.c, larva developing period of two months to one year, pupa pre-stage of 7-20 days and pupa stage of 8-24 days. The survival rate of eggs can reach 70-95%, the survival rate of larvae can reach 30-90%, and the survival rate of pupae can reach 60-90%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of insect breeding and relates to a breeding method of sand-inhabited insects.
Background
The insects are the animal groups with the largest quantity on the earth, account for more than 50% of all the biological species, the trail almost extends to every corner of the world, most insects can be used as specimens and precious medicinal materials, and the insects are good resources which can be utilized by human beings and have high breeding value. The family Artocarpus is a very important family in the class of beetles. Small to medium body shapes are almost always a single black or dark brown color. The darkling beetles belong to Coleoptera of Insecta, are distributed worldwide, are common in desert arid areas, are mostly sandy, and about 25000 insects are known in the world. About 276 species in China. The small size is large, the body length is 2-50 mm, the body is flat, the color is black or dark brown, dull or glossy, and some are white or colored stripes. The head is small and is closely connected with the prothorax. Developed mouth organ and big palate. The tentacle 11 section is mostly in the shape of filament, 278 rod or moniliform. The chest and back board is developed, generally in the shape of a rectangle with a transverse edge. The posterior fin is degenerated and cannot fly. Tarsal node type 5-5-4. The web can be seen in 5 sections, the antenna 11 section (rarely 10 sections), and the near end part becomes thicker and even forms a rod head. The coleoptera completely covers the back of the abdomen, and 5 sections of the web are visible on the ventral surface of the abdomen. Tarsal nodes 5-5-4, an important feature that distinguishes insects of other families. Most of the humus-eating plants have tender shoots, tender roots and other parts of living plants, and the minority of the humus-eating plants are predatory. Over 100 species have been reported worldwide in connection with stored foods, of which 14 are common.
The insects of this family are mostly active at night and have pseudo-death, and some of them live in rotten wood. The hind wings are generally degenerated, and a few species can fly and also reside in the ant nest. Insects of the family Artocarpaceae have a special "sand boot" -a long hair growing on their feet. The hair has no heat conductivity, and supports the body of the hair to play a certain role in heat insulation. Furthermore, they have subsheath pockets, whereby the stoma is enclosed and an exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place in the body, retaining exhaled moisture (water) in the subsheath pockets to reduce dissipation. In the sand-inhabited pseudopacemakers, a plurality of medicinal insects exist, the desert insects are important model insects for researching the desert adaptability of the insects, and if relevant researches are carried out, test insects are required to be continuously obtained, but the field collection difficulty is high, so that the development of artificial feeding of the sand-inhabited insects is a key technology for solving the material source.
In the prior art, the breeding method of the darkling beetles adopts methods such as a large pot and a large vat, occupies a large area, and in addition, the breeding space of the mineral water bottle and the insect tube reported by Wang rock (doctor 2013) is small, so that the breeding method is only suitable for breeding larvae, and the number of the bred larvae is small, so that the breeding method is not suitable for large-scale breeding and is not suitable for popularization and application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a breeding method of sand-inhabiting insects. The method can be used for adult puppet seeking, mating, oviposition, egg hatching, larva growth, pupation, eclosion and the like, can be used for mass breeding, and is low in maintenance cost, simple and efficient. The method occupies less land than methods such as a large basin and a large vat, has larger space than methods such as mineral water bottles and insect pipes of Wangshi rock (a 2013 doctor paper), can be used for feeding insect states in all stages, increases the number of the feeding heads of insects, can provide more insects in all stages such as eggs, larvae, pupae and imagoes for experiments, and is suitable for popularization and application.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a method for breeding sand-inhabiting insects comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a flowerpot, wherein the bottom of the flowerpot is blocked by cotton or sponge to prevent sand from flowing out;
step 2, adding a certain amount of wet sand;
step 3, adding a certain amount of dry sand;
step 4, adding feed and insects;
step 5, weighing the weight of the flowerpot added with the feed and the insects;
and 6, weighing the weight loss condition of the flowerpot after a period of time, supplementing water with corresponding weight in the flowerpot tray, and sucking the water into the flowerpot by virtue of the capillary phenomenon of cotton and sand.
Further, in the step 1, the flowerpot can be selected according to the insect quantity.
Furthermore, in step 2, the moisture content and the amount of the added fine sand can be determined according to the field habitat of the insect to be cultivated, and the user can grasp the device without water flowing out.
Furthermore, in step 3, after the dry sand is added, the mixture is required to be kept stand for a period of time, and then is increased or decreased in due time, the final adding amount of the dry sand is preferably 2-5cm after the mixture is kept stand for two days, and the adding amount can be determined according to the biological characteristics of the insects in the actual operation.
Further, in the step 4, the feed comprises wheat bran, bean cakes, crusty pancakes, steamed buns, chicken feeds, pig feeds, cabbage, Chinese cabbages, rapes, carrots, white radishes and dandelions.
Furthermore, sand in the step 2 and the step 3 can be replaced by feeding substrates such as soil, wood chips, rice hulls or coconut shells.
Further, in step 5, the weighed weight is recorded by label paper and then attached to a flowerpot.
Further, when the paired adults are raised, the adults generally lay eggs in dry sand, two screens with different meshes can be used, the first screen is used for screening out insects and feed for the first time, and eggs and sand are leaked out; the second pass screens the eggs from the sand. The first screen mesh has larger aperture, the mesh number is determined according to the size of the insects, the particle size of the feed and the size of the eggs of the insects, and the insects and the feed are left on the screen surface to allow the eggs and sand to leak out; the second screen mesh has smaller aperture, and the mesh number is determined according to the size of insect eggs and the size of sand grains, and the insect eggs are left on the screen surface to ensure that the sand leaks out. For collection of larvae, pupae and the like, the method can also be used for screening wet sand after screening dry sand; for wet sand which cannot be screened, the wet sand can be slightly stirred to find out larvae and pupae for observation.
Further, when the insects are screened, the insects, the dry sand and the feed on the upper layer are firstly taken, and then the wet sand is screened and sequentially placed separately; when the components are poured back, the wet sand is poured back, then the dry sand is poured, and finally the feed and the insects are poured, so that the feed is prevented from mildewing and deteriorating due to the contact with the wet sand, the feeding effect is prevented from being influenced, and even the health of a feeder is influenced. For the larvae and pupae living in the wet sand layer, after the wet sand is added, the artificial cave of the larvae is imitated at the wet sand position by imitating the original wormhole or pupae chamber of the pupae, and then the larvae and pupae are put into the artificial cave, then a thin layer of wet sand is put in the artificial cave, and then the operations of introducing dry sand and the like are carried out.
Furthermore, in the feeding process, if the insects are not observed and tested in the aspects of development, biology and the like, the insects are disturbed as little as possible.
Furthermore, in order to facilitate the light-shielding habit of the adult, hardboard, small wood chips and the like can be added on the surface of the dry sand for the adult to inhabit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the raising method of the present invention has egg developing period of 6-14 days at 20-33 deg.c, larva developing period of two months to one year, pupa pre-stage of 7-20 days and pupa stage of 8-24 days. The survival rate of eggs can reach 70-95%, the survival rate of larvae can reach 30-90%, and the survival rate of pupae can reach 60-90%. These are also related to the feeding density of the insects, the choice of feed, and the frequency of feed renewal. Various sand-inhabiting and soil-inhabiting insects which can be picked up have been widely raised by this method, and their eggs, larvae, pupae, adults, and the like have been obtained. Compared with mineral water bottles of Wang rock (2010, 213) and the like, the method has little difference in the development period, but the amount of the insects obtained by breeding is more, and the breeding is more convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for raising sand-dwelling insects according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the turtle shells of the small breast obtained by the breeding method of the present inventionMicrodera punctipennisWherein, A, eggs laid in the feeder sand have sand grains adhered on the surface; B. cleaning the eggs after the sand grains are removed; C. larvae; D. pre-pupating; E. viewing pupa ventrally; F. viewing the back of the pupa; G. the back view of newly emerged imagoes; H. newly eclosion imago ventral view; I. newly molting the body color of the adult insect for several days; J. eclosion of male and female adults for more than one month;
FIG. 3 shows smooth carapax Trionycis obtained by the breeding method of the present inventionAnatolica politaIn each stage, wherein, A, eggs after sand removal are washed; B. in the hatching condition of eggs laid in a normal state, sand grains are adhered to the surface of the eggs, and larvae can firstly emerge from shells at the head and can also firstly emerge from the tails; C. larval larvae; D. pre-pupating; E. viewing pupa ventrally; F. viewing the back of the pupa; G. the back view of newly emerged imagoes; H. newly eclosion imago ventral view; I. newly molting the body color of the adult insect for several days; J. the male and female imagoes are eclosized for more than one month.
FIG. 4 shows the Chinese breed obtained by the breeding method of the inventionDental thorn armorOodescelis chinensisIn each stage, wherein, A, eggs after sand removal are washed; B. larval larvae; C. pre-pupating; D. viewing pupa ventrally; E. ventral view of newly emerged imagoes several days later; F. eclosion of more than one month female adults;
FIG. 5 shows carapax Trionycis of Amyda sinensis of the present inventionColposcelis microderoidesIn each stage, wherein, A, eggs after sand removal are washed; B. larval larvae; C. viewing pupa ventrally; D. viewing the back of the pupa; E. back view of newly emerged imagoes after several days; F. eclosion of more than one month female adults;
FIG. 6 shows the ovoid pangolin scales raised by the raising method of the present inventionPlatyscelis ovataIn each stage, wherein, A, eggs after sand removal are washed; B. larval larvae; C. viewing pupa ventrally; D. viewing the back of the pupa; E. ventral view of newly emerged imagoes several days later; F. eclosion of more than one month female adults;
FIG. 7 shows the Sushi desert beetles bred by the breeding method of the present inventionSternoplax souvorowianaIn each stage, wherein, A, eggs after sand removal are washed; B. larval larvae; C. viewing pupa ventrally; D. adult female adults.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for raising sand-inhabiting insects, comprising the steps of:
the flowerpot can be selected according to the insect quantity, and the bottom is plugged by cotton, sponge and other permeable materials to prevent sand from flowing out. The water content and the adding amount of the wet sand can be determined according to the field habitat of the cultivated insects, the insects are generally suitable to be clewed by hands without water flowing out, then the dry sand is added, the insects need to stand for a period of time, the adding amount is increased and decreased in due time, the final adding amount of the dry sand is preferably 2-5cm after the insects stand for two days, and the adding amount can be determined according to the biological characteristics of the insects in the actual operation. The food is one or more of wheat bran, bean cake, crusty pancake, steamed bread, chicken feed, pig feed, etc., and the green feed can be cabbage, rape, carrot, white radish, dandelion, etc. The breeding substrate is listed as sand, is mainly used for breeding the darkling beetle insects, can be replaced by soil, wood chips, rice hulls, coconut shell scraps and the like, and can be used for breeding other soil-inhabiting insects or tree-inhabiting insects. The weight of the fifth step can be recorded on the flowerpot by a marking pen, and the marking pen can also be adhered to the flowerpot after being recorded by label paper, so that the subsequent water replenishing is facilitated. The frequency of water replenishing can be determined according to the biological and ecological characteristics of insects and the air temperature and air humidity of the local feeding environment, generally, for moisture-loving insects, the water replenishing frequency can be increased, and for drought-enduring insects, the frequency can be reduced; the frequency of water replenishing can be reduced under the conditions of low temperature and high humidity of the feeding environment, and on the contrary, the time interval of water replenishing is shortened. During the moisturizing, directly add the tray with water in, let the flowerpot pass through cotton or sponge class absorbent material of bottom, absorb water with the help of the hair suction effect, form the gradual change sand bed of the different water contents from bottom to top in proper order in view of the above, the insect can be according to the habit of oneself, independently select its position of perching.
When the paired adults are raised, the adults generally lay eggs in dry sand, two screens with different meshes can be used, the first screen is used for screening out insects and feed for the first time, and eggs and sand are leaked out; the second pass screens the eggs from the previously leaked egg-sand mixture with a second screen. The first screen mesh has larger aperture, the mesh number is determined according to the size of the insects, the particle size of the feed and the size of the eggs of the insects, and the insects and the feed are left on the screen surface to allow the eggs and sand to leak out; the second screen mesh has smaller aperture, and the mesh number is determined according to the size of insect eggs and the size of sand grains, and the insect eggs are left on the screen surface to ensure that the sand leaks out. For collecting larvae, pupae and the like, the method can also be used for screening wet sand after screening dry sand; for wet sand which cannot be screened, the wet sand can be slightly stirred to find out larvae and pupae for observation.
When the insects are screened, the insects, the dry sand and the feed on the upper layer are firstly taken, and then the wet sand is screened and sequentially placed separately; when the components are poured back, the wet sand is poured back, then the dry sand is poured, and finally the feed and the insects are poured, so that the feed is prevented from mildewing and deteriorating due to the contact with the wet sand, the feeding effect is prevented from being influenced, and even the health of a feeder is influenced. For the larvae and pupae living in the wet sand layer, after the wet sand is added, the original wormholes or pupae chambers of the larvae are imitated at the wet sand, the artificial holes are imitated, the larvae or pupae chambers are placed in the artificial holes, then a thin layer of wet sand is placed, and then the operations of pouring dry sand and the like are carried out.
In the feeding process, if the development, biology and other observation experiments of insects are not carried out, the insects are disturbed as little as possible so as to be beneficial to normal growth and development of the insects, and eggs, larvae (particularly larvae which just exuviate), pupae and newly eclosion adult bodies are thin in walls and are easy to be injured to influence the survival rate of the insects. The raising temperature and the photoperiod can be determined according to the field observation and measurement conditions of insects, and generally for the insects raised by people, the raising temperature is properly increased, the development duration can be reduced, and the insect states required by experiments can be quickly obtained. However, if the temperature is set too high, the insects are liable to be diapaused by heat shock, injured, or killed. If the temperature is below its development onset temperature, the insect stops developing. In addition, when the feeding temperature is high, the water loss is accelerated, the feed is easy to mildew, the water adding frequency is increased, and the feed is prevented from mildew.
As shown in FIGS. 2-7, the method has been successfully used to breed insects such as carapax Trionycis Microdera punctipennis, carapax Trionycis Anatolica polita, carapax Trionycis Colposcolesis microderioides, Sternoplaxsouvorovaana, Chinese dental Oodescelis chinensis, and Platyscelis ovata. Their eggs, larvae, pupae and adults have been obtained separately and the second filial generation can also be propagated normally.
The method is applied to breeding insects, wherein the adults are laid on the surface of dry sand, mate and mate, and eggs are generally scattered on the dry sand layer. For the nocturnal insects, in order to facilitate the light-shielding habit of the adults, hardboards, small wood chips and the like can be added on the surface of the dry sand for the adults to inhabit. But the distance from the upper edge of the flowerpot needs to be noticed, so that the escape-proof work of the insects is well done. Sand is generally adhered to the surface of the eggs, and if the sand is not screened out, the eggs can be normally hatched in a feeder. The larva generally moves at the junction of the dry sand layer and the wet sand layer, some insects also have a pupa pre-stage, the pupa pre-stage is generally positioned in a pupa chamber formed by the end-aged larva (in an insect state before pupa pre-stage) which is arched out by using a larva body on the wet sand layer, and then the pupa pre-stage is transformed into the pupa which then is transformed into an adult. The body color of the newly hatched imagoes is white, the body wall and the coleoptera are soft, and then the body color is gradually deepened: gradually changing from yellow, orange, red-brown, and brown to black; meanwhile, the body wall and the coleoptera become hard gradually, and the color change and hardening speed of the abdomen are slightly lower than those of the back; after the body wall of the adult is hardened, a pupa chamber is drilled, and activities such as food taking, puppet seeking and the like are started.
The sand in the technical solution of the present invention may be alpine loam, garden soil, or scraps made by adding coconut bran powder, corn, wheat, barley, and field-collected green grass, etc. Any simple changes or equivalent substitutions of technical solutions which can be obviously obtained by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure fall within the protective scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A breeding method of sand-inhabited insects is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing a flowerpot, wherein the bottom of the flowerpot is blocked by cotton or sponge to prevent sand from flowing out;
step 2, adding a certain amount of wet sand;
step 3, adding a certain amount of dry sand;
step 4, adding feed and insects;
step 5, weighing the weight of the flowerpot added with the feed and the insects;
and 6, weighing the weight loss condition of the flowerpot after a period of time, supplementing water with corresponding weight in the flowerpot tray, and sucking the water into the flowerpot by virtue of the capillary phenomenon of cotton and sand.
2. The method of raising sand-inhabiting insects as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1, the pots are selected according to the size of the insects.
3. A feeding method of sand-inhabiting insects as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the moisture content and amount of the wet sand added to the fine sand are determined according to the field habitat of the insects to be fed, and it is preferable to grasp the insects without water flowing out.
4. The method for raising sand-inhabiting insects as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the insects are allowed to stand for a period of time after the addition of the dry sand, and then the amount of the dry sand is increased or decreased at a proper time, and the final amount of the dry sand is preferably 2 to 5cm after the insects stand for two days, depending on the biological characteristics of the insects in actual practice.
5. The method for feeding the sand-inhabiting insects as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the ingredients of the feed include wheat bran, bean cake, naan, steamed bread, chicken feed, pig feed, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, rape, carrot, white radish and dandelion.
6. The method for raising sand-inhabiting insects as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sand in the steps 2 and 3 is replaced with soil, wood chips, rice hulls or coconut shells.
7. The method for raising sand-inhabiting insects as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 5, the weighed weight is recorded on a label paper and attached to a flowerpot.
8. The breeding method of sand-inhabiting insects as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in breeding the paired adults, the adults lay eggs in dry sand, two screens of different mesh numbers are used, and in the first pass, the insects and feed are screened out by the first screen, and the eggs and sand are leaked out; a second screen is used for screening the eggs from the sand for the second time; the first screen mesh has larger aperture, the mesh number is determined according to the size of the insects, the particle size of the feed and the size of the eggs of the insects, and the insects and the feed are left on the screen surface to allow the eggs and sand to leak out; the second screen mesh has smaller aperture, the mesh number is determined according to the size of insect eggs and the size of sand grains, and the insect eggs are left on the screen surface to take the standard of leaking sand; collecting larva and pupa, or screening dry sand by the method, and then screening wet sand; slightly turning wet sand which cannot be screened out to find out larvae and pupae, and observing the larvae and pupae;
when the insects are screened, the insects, the dry sand and the feed on the upper layer are firstly taken, and then the wet sand is screened and sequentially placed separately; when the components are poured back, the wet sand is poured back, then the dry sand is poured, and finally the feed and the insects are poured, so that the feed is prevented from mildewing and deteriorating due to the contact with the wet sand, the feeding effect is prevented from being influenced, and even the health of a feeder is influenced; for the larvae and pupae living in the wet sand layer, after the wet sand is added, the original wormholes or pupae chambers of the larvae are imitated at the wet sand, the artificial holes are imitated, the larvae and pupae chambers are placed in the artificial holes, then a thin layer of wet sand is placed, and then the operation of pouring the dry sand is carried out.
9. The feeding method of sand-inhabited insects of claim 1, wherein the insects are disturbed as little as possible during the feeding process, not for the purpose of observing the development and biological behavior of the insects.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein cardboard or wood flakes are applied to the surface of the dry sand for adult inhabitation in order to facilitate light-resistant habit of the adult insects.
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| CN111642465A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-09-11 | 石河子大学 | Breeding method of Altai hepialus larvae |
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