CN113273547A - Breeding device and breeding method for cynara scolymus - Google Patents
Breeding device and breeding method for cynara scolymus Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding device and a breeding method of thrips, wherein the breeding device is matched with an artificial climate box for use and comprises a breeding tank, and a breeding space for placing the thrips is formed in the breeding tank in a hollow manner; a first opening is formed at the upper end of the feeding tank; the first opening is provided with a latticed top cover to realize air circulation in the feeding space; a second opening is formed on the side wall of the feeding tank and used for placing the insect body and replacing the blades; a transparent side opening window is movably arranged on the second opening to observe the cultivation condition in the feeding space; the device has sufficient feeding space, is convenient for adjusting humidity, ensures ventilation and avoids escape of insects; the operation is convenient and fast, and individuals in the same insect state or age can be accurately obtained; the method can obtain the thrips with regular development and high survival rate indoors, further quickly establish the indoor thrips population, facilitate observation of morphological characteristics, individual development and other biological ecological characteristics, and meet the scientific research requirements of thrips breeding, observation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of insect breeding, in particular to a device and a method for breeding cynara scolymus.
Background
Thrips (Thrips flavus Schrank) belongs to the Thrips genus (Thrips) of the family Thrips of the order Thysanoptera (Thysanoptera). The yellow thrips is an important pest of economic crops, is widely distributed in Asia, Europe, North America, North Africa and the like, and is domestically distributed in Hebei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Jiangxi, Shandong, Jilin and the like. There are currently known 97 host plants of 33 families, among which the victims are more serious in the cruciferae (Brassicaceae), Cucurbitaceae (Cucurbitaceae), leguminosae (Fabaceae), Compositae (Asteraceae), Rosaceae (Rosaceae). The pest has multiple generations in one year, the phenomenon of generation overlapping is obvious, and the generation period is basically consistent with the growth period of the host crop. After 6 months of each year, the thistle horses are harmful to cucumbers, eggplants and beans, nymphs and adults have tenderness, tender cores or flower organs are submerged, and a file suction type mouth organ is used for stabbing and sucking the harm, so that the heart buds are atrophied, the growth of the top ends is stopped, the leaves are yellowed, the plants are dysplastic, the flower organs are withered, the fruit is influenced or the fruit surfaces are rough scars are generated, and the quality is reduced. The herba Cisii Eriophoroidei also takes juice of young tissues such as soybean leaf, leaf stalk, flower pod, etc.; the affected parts generate white spots, yellow spots and gray spots, and when the affected parts are seriously affected, the leaves are wrinkled, faded and even withered. Adults and nymphs drain vesicular excrement during feeding intervals. The excrement also causes a certain degree of pollution to the leaves, possibly inducing diseases. When the insect quantity is large or the plant growth is weak, the whole soybean plant can die. In addition to direct damage, the yellow thistle horse can transmit Tomato spotted wilting virus (TSWV-W). The adult thrips has small body, the body length is about 1-2mm, the adult thrips is often hidden in flowers in the field and pupates in soil, which brings certain difficulty to the prevention and treatment work. Although chemical agents have high control effects on thrips pests, the long-term use of the chemical agents causes problems in terms of ecology, environment and the like, and the pests are very easy to generate drug resistance. Therefore, in order to develop a scientific and effective prevention and control technology of the thrips, a large number of experimental insect sources are needed, but the breeding technology of the thrips cannot meet various research requirements because the breeding technology of the thrips is not solved, so that the further research on the occurrence hazard rule and the comprehensive prevention and control of the thrips is limited.
At present, the method for obtaining the insect source mainly comprises natural collection and artificial feeding, wherein the natural collection is to collect and obtain adult and nymphs of the thrips in the field, but the method is limited by seasons and regions, so that a large number of insect bodies with consistent insect age and high activity are difficult to obtain for research, no report of indoor large-scale breeding of the thrips exists in literature records, and only some artificial breeding methods of other types of thrips include a concave glass breeding method, a penicillin bottle breeding method and a pot breeding method:
1. the method for raising the thrips by the concave slides comprises the steps of oppositely combining the two concave slides, placing fresh leaves in each pair of concave slides, placing thrips eggs on the leaves, fixing the concave slides by rubber bands, and raising the thrips in an artificial climate box, wherein the method has the defects that the space in the concave slides is small, the relative humidity is high, the thrips are low in activity and survival rate, and the thrips are easy to escape when the leaves are replaced;
2. the penicillin bottle feeding method comprises the steps of paving thin-layer absorbent cotton and filter paper in a penicillin bottle, adding a proper amount of water, placing fresh leaves and thrips eggs in the bottle, covering a rubber band on a gauze net sleeve to seal a bottle opening, and feeding in an artificial climate box, wherein the method has the defects of inconvenient operation, especially the gauze net needs to be disassembled when the leaves are replaced, and the feeding quantity is small;
3. the pot culture method is to insert thrips into pot plant for culture, and has the disadvantages that the micro insects of thrips are seriously overlapped in generation, the individuals with the same insect state or age are not easy to obtain, and the insects are not easy to collect when needed;
in combination with the technical problems of breeding and feeding of the thrips, the invention provides the breeding device which has the advantages of optimized breeding space, avoidance of escape of insect bodies, convenience and rapidness in operation, capability of accurately obtaining individuals with the same insect state or age and convenience in observation and research, and the breeding method for continuously breeding the thrips indoors, thereby solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a feeding device which is optimized in feeding space, avoids insect escape, is convenient to operate, can accurately obtain individuals with the same insect state or age and is convenient to observe and study, and a feeding method which can continuously feed thrips indoors, so that thrips with regular development and high survival rate can be obtained, and the requirement of rapidly establishing an indoor thrips population for study is met.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a device for feeding cynara scolymus, which is matched with a climatic chamber for use and comprises:
the breeding tank is internally hollow to form a breeding space for placing the thrips; and is
The wall of the feeding tank is transparent so as to observe the internal breeding condition of the feeding space; and
a first opening is formed at the upper end of the feeding tank;
the first opening is provided with a latticed top cover to realize air circulation in the feeding space;
a second opening is formed on the side wall of the feeding tank and used for placing the insect body and replacing the blades;
and a side opening window is movably arranged on the second opening.
Furthermore, a socket is formed on the top cover and used for being inserted into a spray pipe to spray water to the feeding space;
the opening is movably provided with a sealing plug.
Further, the method for breeding the thrips comprises the following steps:
s1, soybean planting:
1) sterilizing the organic culture medium at high temperature, adding clear water, stirring uniformly, and planting conventional soybean varieties;
2) the daily illumination time is 14-18 hours, the temperature is 25 +/-1 ℃, and the soybean seedlings grow to 2-node stage (V)2) Namely, the 1 st compound leaf above a single leaf is reserved during full expansion;
s2, hatching eggs:
1) placing a plurality of fresh leaves in a first breeding tank, moisturizing with high-density flower mud, and inoculating the female thrips into the leaves to lay eggs;
2) placing a first feeding tank filled with leaves and the thrips fulvidraco in an artificial climate box;
3) after 2 days, the female thistle beetles are removed from the first feeding tank and eggs are incubated;
4) hatching eggs after 5-6 days to obtain nymphs of 1 year old;
s3, breeding nymphs and pupae:
1) transferring the leaves with the nymphs of 1 year obtained in the step S1 into a second feeding tank;
2) placing the second feeding tank in a climatic box (checking the freshness of the leaves and replacing the new leaves in time);
3)2-3 days later, the 1 st nymph molts to become 2 th nymphs;
4)2-3 days later, 2-year nymphs molt and become 3-year nymphs;
5) 3-year-old nymphs molt to pupae after 1 day;
6) pupa eclosion into imagoes after 2-3 days;
s4, adult breeding:
1) transferring the imagoes obtained in the step S2 into a third feeding tank and putting fresh leaves;
2) then the third rearing tank is placed in a climatic box, the freshness of the leaves is checked, and the new leaves are replaced in time).
Further, the temperature condition in the artificial climate box in the egg, adult and nymph raising stage is 25 +/-1 ℃.
Further, the relative humidity in the artificial climate box in the egg, adult and nymph raising stage is 70% + -5%.
Further, the photoperiod in the artificial climate box in the egg, adult and nymph raising stage is 16h:8h (L: D).
In the technical scheme, the device and the method for feeding the artichoke horses, provided by the invention, have the following beneficial effects:
1. the breeding device provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is optimized, the breeding space is sufficient, water mist is sprayed through the insertion openings in the breeding process, the activity of soybean leaves is kept, the humidity in the breeding tank is adjusted, and the breeding device is suitable for breeding the thrips indoors;
2. the top cover of the feeding device provided by the invention is in a grid shape, so that ventilation can be ensured, and insect escape can be avoided;
3. the feeding device provided by the invention has the advantages that the soybean leaves are replaced through the operation window, the operation is convenient and fast, and the feeding device can accurately obtain individuals in the same insect state or age by matching a plurality of feeding tanks, so that the collection and research of researchers are facilitated;
4. the breeding method provided by the invention can obtain the thrips with regular development and high survival rate indoors, so as to quickly establish an indoor thrips population, facilitate observation of morphological characteristics, individual development and other biological ecological characteristics, and further meet the scientific research requirements of thrips breeding, observation and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding device and a feeding method for cynara scolymus provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding device and a feeding method for the thistle horses provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a feeding device and a feeding method for the Cirsium setosum provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a feeding device and a feeding method for the Cirsium setosum provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an observation and analysis chart of circadian rhythm of thrips feeding in the device and method for feeding thrips provided by the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a feeding tank; 2. a top cover; 3. side windowing;
11. a first opening; 12. a second opening;
21. a socket; 22. and sealing the plug.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It is to be noted that the terms "upper", "side wall", and the like, as used herein, are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated based on those shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and similar expressions are used only for the purpose of illustration and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and furthermore, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5;
the invention relates to a device for feeding cynara scolymus, which is matched with a climatic chamber for use and comprises:
the breeding tank 1 is hollow, and a breeding space for placing the thrips is formed in the breeding tank 1; and is
The wall body of the feeding tank 1 is transparent so as to observe the internal cultivation condition of the feeding space; and
a first opening 11 is formed at the upper end of the rearing tank 1;
the first opening 11 is provided with a grid-shaped top cover 2 to realize the air circulation inside the feeding space;
a second opening 12 is formed on the side wall of the feeding tank 1 for placing the insect body and replacing the blades;
the second opening 12 is movably provided with a side window 3.
Further, a socket 2 is formed on the top cover 2 and used for being inserted into a spray pipe to spray water into the feeding space;
a sealing plug 22 is movably mounted on the insertion opening 21.
Specifically, the device for feeding the thrips comprises a feeding tank 1, wherein a first opening 11 and a second opening 12 are respectively formed in the upper end and the side end of the feeding tank 1, a latticed top cover 2 is mounted on the first opening 11, the top cover 2 can ensure ventilation in the feeding tank 1, so that the feeding tank 1 is in a semi-closed state, the feeding tank 1 is placed in an artificial climate box, the artificial climate box is used for adjusting the temperature, the humidity and the illumination required by the survival of the thrips, the temperature and the humidity in the feeding tank 1 are ensured to be synchronous with the artificial climate box through the ventilation effect of the top cover 2, and the illumination passes through the wall body of the feeding tank 1 and acts on the thrips; meanwhile, flower mud and fresh blades need to be placed in the feeding tank 1, water flow needs to be sprayed on the blades for preservation, an operator can pull out the sealing plug 22, insert the spray pipe into the insertion opening 2 and spray water onto the blades, the blades can adjust the humidity in the feeding tank while preserving the freshness, after spraying is finished, the insertion opening 2 is plugged by the sealing plug 22 to prevent the eclipta alba from escaping, and further, the grids on the top cover 2 can prevent the eclipta alba from escaping;
further, the second opening 12 is provided with a side opening window 3, when a fresh blade needs to be replaced, the side opening window 3 is opened, an operator clamps and replaces the fresh blade, and after the replacement is finished, the side opening window 3 is closed;
preferably, in the feeding process, an operator can check the cultivation condition in the feeding tank 1 at any time, and the operation of timely replacing blades and the like is facilitated.
Further, the method for breeding the thrips comprises the following steps:
s1, soybean planting:
1) sterilizing the organic culture medium at high temperature, adding clear water, stirring uniformly, and planting conventional soybean varieties;
2) the daily illumination time is 14-18 hours, the temperature is 25 +/-1 ℃, and the soybean seedlings grow to 2-node stage (V)2) Namely, the 1 st compound leaf above a single leaf is reserved during full expansion;
s2, hatching eggs:
1) placing a plurality of fresh leaves in a first breeding tank, moisturizing with high-density flower mud, and inoculating the female thrips into the leaves to lay eggs;
2) placing a first feeding tank filled with leaves and the thrips fulvidraco in an artificial climate box;
3) after 2 days, the female thistle beetles are removed from the first feeding tank and eggs are incubated;
4) hatching eggs after 5-6 days to obtain nymphs of 1 year old;
s3, breeding nymphs and pupae:
1) transferring the leaves with the nymphs of 1 year obtained in the step S1 into a second feeding tank;
2) placing the second feeding tank in a climatic box (checking the freshness of the leaves and replacing the new leaves in time);
3)2-3 days later, the 1 st nymph molts to become 2 th nymphs;
4)2-3 days later, 2-year nymphs molt and become 3-year nymphs;
5) 3-year-old nymphs molt to pupae after 1 day;
6) pupa eclosion into imagoes after 2-3 days;
s4, adult breeding:
1) transferring the imagoes obtained in the step S2 into a third feeding tank and putting fresh leaves;
2) then the third rearing tank is placed in a climatic box, the freshness of the leaves is checked, and the new leaves are replaced in time).
Preferably, the temperature conditions in the artificial climate chamber during the egg, adult and nymph rearing stages are 25 + -1 deg.C.
Preferably, the relative humidity in the climatic chamber during the egg, adult and nymph breeding stage is 70% ± 5%.
Preferably, the photoperiod in the artificial climate box is 16h:8h (L: D) during the raising stage of the eggs, adults and nymphs.
Preferably, in the soybean planting process, the positive tropism of pests such as thrips, aphids and the like to yellow is utilized, and a yellow sticky plate is hung around soybean seedlings, so that the pests are attracted to the yellow sticky plate, and the soybean damage is avoided; the soybean variety can be Jinong 38.
The first embodiment is as follows: experimental analysis of survival rate of thrips
Survival rates of Scutellaria thistle nymphs and pupae at different temperatures
(1) The method comprises the following operation steps:
the method is carried out in an RXZ-430E type artificial climate box with the temperature set to be 19 ℃, 22 ℃, 25 ℃, 28 ℃ and 31 ℃, female thrips were inoculated into a feeding tank 1 for spawning for 24 hours, all adults were removed the next day, whether nymphs hatched every day was observed, the nymphs hatched the same day were fed singly, fresh soybean leaves were replaced every day until the adults died, each temperature treatment was repeated for 30 times, and the development and survival conditions of the thrips were observed and recorded every day.
(2) The main results are:
eggs develop in soybean plant tissues, cannot be directly observed by naked eyes, and are difficult to determine the survival rate; the survival rate of 1-year nymphs is between 83.33 and 93.33 percent, the highest value is 1.12 times of that at 25 ℃ and 28 ℃; the survival rate of 2-year nymphs is between 72.0 and 100.0 percent, the highest value is 1.39 times of that at 22 ℃ and 28 ℃; in addition, the survival rates of 3-instar nymphs and pupae increased from 19 ℃ to 25 ℃, decreased at 28 ℃ and then increased at 31 ℃, with the highest occurring at 25 ℃; therefore, survival rates for both Scorzonera and pupae were higher at 25 ℃.
TABLE 1 survival of Scutellaria thistle nymphs and pupal stages at different temperatures
Survival rate of thrips on different food materials
(1) The method comprises the following operation steps:
planting Chinese cabbage, hot pepper, eggplant, cucumber and soybean in a greenhouse, and spraying no pesticide, and no other plant diseases and insect pests; collecting healthy and young leaves of a test host every day as test food; in a climatic chamber model RXZ430E set at 25 ℃; female thrips was inoculated into the rearing tank 1 for spawning for 24h, all adults were removed the next day, whether nymphs hatched or not was observed every day, the nymphs hatched the same day were reared on a single head, and fresh cabbage, pepper, eggplant, cucumber and soybean leaves were replaced every day until the adults died; each diet treatment was repeated 30 times, and the development and survival of thrips was observed and recorded daily.
(2) The main results are:
the survival rate of the nymphs of 1 year old taken out of the rearing tank 1 is calculated according to 100 percent; the survival rate of 2-year nymphs on soybeans is the highest and reaches 93.33 percent, and eggplants, cucumbers and peppers are used for the next time; except for hot pepper, the survival rate of 3-year nymphs is more than 90 percent; on soybean, the survival rate of pupa is the highest, reaching 96.30 percent, and cucumber is the second; in addition, the survival rate of the adults is more than 90%; even 100% on Chinese cabbage, eggplant and hot pepper; therefore, survival rates were highest for the thrips nymphs and adults on the soybean diet.
TABLE 2 survival rate of thrips on different foodstuffs
Example two: observational analysis of developmental process and morphological characteristics of cynara scolymus
(1) The observation method comprises the following steps: putting 50-80 female thrips palmi karny adults into a No. 1 feeding tank, and putting fresh soybean leaves for the female adults to lay eggs; after 24 hours, the soybean leaves are transferred into a No. 2 feeding tank; taking out the individuals hatched into 1-year nymphs, and respectively moving the individuals into new breeding tanks for single-head breeding; the growth and development conditions of each insect state are recorded by observing once in the morning and at night every day, and the development process and the main morphological characteristics are observed by using an Olympus SZ51 type stereomicroscope.
(2) The main results are: the whole development process of the thrips comprises 5 stages of eggs, nymphs of 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, pupae and adults, and the metamorphosis type belongs to over-metamorphosis.
Morphological characteristics of the eggs: the length is about 530 μm, the width is about 220 μm, the shape of kidney is kidney-shaped, the color is transparent at the initial birth, and then the color becomes milky white.
Morphological characteristics of nymphs and pupae: the length of a 1-year-old nymph body is 0.24-0.36 mm, the body is as large as a needle tip, the body is white and transparent, then the body gradually becomes milky white, an antenna extends to the front of the head, and no wing bud exists; the 2-year nymphs are 0.48-0.72 mm in length, yellow in body and free of wing buds; the length of a 3-year nymph body is 0.60-0.96 mm, an antenna is short, the antenna extends forwards, no monocular exists, and wing buds begin to appear on the back of the abdomen; 4-year-old nymphs are often called pupae, the body length is 0.72-1.08 mm, the tentacles are bent to the back of the head, the eyes are red, and the wing buds are enlarged to the tail end of the abdomen.
Morphological characteristics of adults: the female insects have long wings, the body length is about 1.12-1.84 mm, the body is yellow, and each foot has the same color as the body. The tentacles are filiform, 8 sections, bright yellow in sections I and II, brown at the base part of section III and brown at the end part of section IV-VIII; body and wing bristles dark brown; 3 pairs of single-eye bristles, wherein the single-eye bristles are positioned in the connecting line of the inner edges of the front and rear single eyes and are shorter than the shortest distance of the rear single eye; the back sheet of the middle chest is full of shallow transverse reticulate patterns; males are similar to females, but are slightly smaller than females, and have lighter body colors; female wings are less than the tail of abdomen, male wings are longer than abdomen, and external genitalia have different shapes.
Therefore, the thistle source obtained by feeding the thistle by the feeding tank 1 can complete the individual development and the complete body of the thistle source, and can be used for observing and researching morphological characteristics.
Example three: observational analysis of behavioral habits of thrips
(1) The observation method comprises the following steps: under indoor conditions (25 ℃), putting the nymphs hatched initially into a breeding tank 1 with soybean leaves, and observing hatching, molting, metamorphosis and feeding behaviors under a dissecting mirror; inoculating the primary eclosion female imago and male imago into a culture dish, putting soybean leaves, observing under a dissecting mirror and recording the copulation habits of the soybean leaves; and inoculating the female adult into a culture dish, and observing the egg laying behavior of the female adult.
(2) The main results are:
hatching, molting and metamorphosis: the hatching of the eggs mainly depends on the self peristalsis of the initially hatched nymphs, and the eggs are swung backwards by feet to finally drill out egg shells; the nymph peeling is generally to peel the skin from the head to the tail end of the abdomen slowly, and the skin is twisted, and sometimes the peeled skin is crawled along with the peeled skin until the skin finally falls off; because the nymphs at 1 st and 2 nd age are similar to adults in shape, the fake pupae and pupae have ectogenic wing buds and have certain characteristics of gradual change; the fake pupae and the pupae do not take food or have weakened activity or are still, have certain characteristics of full metamorphosis, are regarded as an intermediate form of gradual metamorphosis and full metamorphosis, and are called as excessive gradual metamorphosis; this is a unique point in the evolution of thrips.
And (3) food taking action: the adult is active, has strong ability of flying and jumping, strong ability of nymph crawling, and strong tenderness by firstly searching a proper part when eating.
And (3) ending habit: parthenogenesis is the main factor, and amphoterism is also seen; in parthenogenesis, the female spawning is mostly carried out 2-3 d after eclosion; in the case of amphoterism, male-female crossing is performed on day 2 after emergence; the male and female worms lean side by side together during copulation, the abdomen approaches, after copulation is completed, the male worms leave firstly, sometimes the abdomen drags the female worms for a certain distance and then separates, and then copulation is finished; the mating time lasts for about 1-2 min; each female can lay eggs 23 grains in life, and can lay eggs 1-7 grains in one time.
Spawning behavior: the abdomen of the female is gradually expanded after mating before spawning; crawling around the leaves before spawning to find suitable spawning sites; then staying at a proper position, stirring the abdomen with the hind feet continuously, and keeping the series of behaviors in the early stage of spawning for about 1.5 min; when laying eggs, the belly is raised slightly and stretches out and draws back, and the belly is downward afterwards, stretches out the ovipositor, utilizes the strength of belly to fiercely stab in the blade tissue, then the shift position begins to lay eggs, 1 back of laying eggs, once lay eggs duration about 10min, later continues to stir the belly, seeks another position of laying eggs.
Therefore, the thistle source obtained by feeding the feed tank 1 can complete the ontogenesis and can be used for observing and researching the behavior habit.
Example four: observation and analysis of day and night rhythm of taking food from herba Cisii Eriophoroidei
(1) The method comprises the following operation steps:
the observation method of the rhythm of taking food as harmful is that nymph and imago are put into a single head in the feeding tank 1, 10 heads are respectively observed, 1 observation is carried out under a dissecting mirror every 30min, and whether the feeding is in a food taking stage or not is recorded; the mean values were calculated using SPSS and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences in feeding times between adults and nymphs.
(2) Primary results (see fig. 5):
the adult feeding time period is 4 hours to 24 hours, and more concentrated on 7 hours to 15 hours, the feeding frequency of the adult is dynamically approximately in a saddle shape; when the time period for the nymph to take food is from 7 hours to 24 hours, the frequency of taking food is in a trend of decreasing with time compared with the time period from 7 hours to 18 hours; the food is taken and stopped when being eaten, and the food is intermittent; there was no significant difference between adult and nymph feeding times (p ═ 0.645); the number of times of eating and damaging the imagoes and nymphs in the day is more than that in the night, and the imagoes and nymphs basically accord with the characteristics of diurnal insects.
Therefore, the thistle source obtained by feeding in the feed tank 1 can be used for observation and study of the circadian rhythm of food intake.
Example five: determination and analysis of development duration of thrips at different temperatures
(1) The method comprises the following operation steps:
in a climatic chamber model RXZ430E at 19 deg.C, 22 deg.C, 25 deg.C, 28 deg.C, and 31 deg.C; inoculating soybean leaves and female thrips adults into the No. 1 feeding tank for spawning for 24h, transferring the leaves with eggs into the No. 2 feeding tank, observing whether nymphs hatch every day, feeding the nymphs hatched on the same day in a single-head mode, and replacing fresh leaves every day until the adults die; 30 subjects were observed for each temperature treatment, and the development and survival of thrips was observed and recorded daily.
(2) The main results are:
with the increase of the temperature, the development period of the cynara scolymus shows a tendency to be shortened; the egg period at 19 ℃ is obviously higher than other temperatures, namely 7.33d, and the other temperatures are 6.73d, 5.73d, 3.47d and 2.77d in sequence; the 1 st nymph period is the longest at 25 ℃ and is obviously longer than other temperatures; the 2-year nymph stage is the longest at 19 ℃, and then 22 ℃ and 25 ℃ are remarkably longer than 28 ℃ and 31 ℃; the 3-year nymph period is the longest at 19 ℃ and is 1.47 days, which is obviously longer than 1.17 days at 22 ℃, and the periods at 25 ℃ and 28 ℃ have no obvious difference with 22 ℃, and have obvious difference with 31 ℃; the pupal stage has no significant difference between 22 ℃ and 25 ℃, and other temperatures have significant difference, wherein the period is longest at 19 ℃ and shortest at 31 ℃.
TABLE 1 development of thrips at different temperatures
Therefore, the thistle source obtained by feeding the thistle in the feeding tank 1 can complete the individual development and can be used for the development duration research at different temperatures.
The observation is combined to show that the method for breeding the thrips indoors can observe the individual development, morphological characteristics, circadian rhythm of food intake, survival rate, development duration and other biological ecological characteristics, and can basically meet the scientific research requirements of breeding and observation of the thrips.
Unless otherwise indicated, any technical aspect disclosed herein, if a range of values is disclosed, then the range of values disclosed are preferred ranges of values, and any person skilled in the art will understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the present invention has been described in terms of exemplary embodiments only, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but may be embodied in various forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a device is raised to yellow thistle horse, this device of raising uses with artificial climate case, its characterized in that includes:
the breeding tank (1), the interior of the breeding tank (1) is hollow to form a breeding space for placing the thrips; and is
The wall body of the breeding tank (1) is transparent so as to observe the internal breeding condition of the breeding space; and
a first opening (11) is formed at the upper end of the feeding tank (1);
the first opening (11) is provided with a latticed top cover (2) to realize air circulation inside the feeding space;
a second opening (12) is formed on the side wall of the feeding tank (1) and used for placing the insect body and replacing the blades;
the second opening (12) is movably provided with a side window (3).
2. The apparatus for feeding artichoke horses as claimed in claim 1, comprising:
a socket (21) is formed on the top cover (2) and is used for inserting a spray pipe to spray water into the feeding space;
a sealing plug (22) is movably arranged on the socket (21).
3. A method for breeding thrips, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, soybean planting:
1) sterilizing the organic culture medium at high temperature, adding clear water, stirring uniformly, and planting conventional soybean varieties;
2) the daily illumination time is 14-18 hours, the temperature is 25 +/-1 ℃, and the soybean seedlings grow to 2-node stage (V)2) Namely, the 1 st compound leaf above a single leaf is reserved during full expansion;
s2, hatching eggs:
1) placing a plurality of fresh leaves in a first breeding tank, moisturizing with high-density flower mud, and inoculating the female thrips into the leaves to lay eggs;
2) placing a first feeding tank filled with leaves and the thrips fulvidraco in an artificial climate box;
3) after 2 days, the female thistle beetles are removed from the first feeding tank and eggs are incubated;
4) hatching eggs after 5-6 days to obtain nymphs of 1 year old;
s3, breeding nymphs and pupae:
1) transferring the leaves with the nymphs of 1 year obtained in the step S1 into a second feeding tank;
2) placing the second feeding tank in a climatic box (checking the freshness of the leaves and replacing the new leaves in time);
3)2-3 days later, the 1 st nymph molts to become 2 th nymphs;
4)2-3 days later, 2-year nymphs molt and become 3-year nymphs;
5) 3-year-old nymphs molt to pupae after 1 day;
6) pupa eclosion into imagoes after 2-3 days;
s4, adult breeding:
1) transferring the imagoes obtained in the step S2 into a third feeding tank and putting fresh leaves;
2) then the third rearing tank is placed in a climatic box, the freshness of the leaves is checked, and the new leaves are replaced in time).
4. The method for raising thrips according to claim 3, wherein:
the temperature condition in the artificial climate box in the egg, adult and nymph raising stage is 25 +/-1 ℃.
5. The method for raising thrips according to claim 3, wherein:
and the relative humidity in the artificial climate box in the egg, adult and nymph raising stage is 70% +/-5%.
6. The method for raising thrips according to claim 3, wherein:
the photoperiod in the artificial climate box in the egg, adult and nymph raising stage is 16h:8h (L: D).
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