CN106719408A - Cuora flavomarginate becomes more meticulous comprehensive breeding method - Google Patents
Cuora flavomarginate becomes more meticulous comprehensive breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Abstract
Become more meticulous comprehensive breeding method the invention discloses Cuora flavomarginate, comprised the following steps：1）Close tortoise：A, the close lessons of the past held up as a mirror for the present and future are other；B, close tortoise are raised；C, close tortoise mating；D, spawning and hatching；2）Young tortoise：A, young tortoise early stage are raised；B, young tortoise later stage raise；C, young tortoise survive the winter；3）Young tortoise：A, put in a suitable place to breed；B, feed bait；C, daily management；D, young tortoise survive the winter；4）Into tortoise：A, put in a suitable place to breed；B, dispensing bait；C, daily management；D, survived the winter into tortoise；The cultural method can improve the survival rate of Cuora flavomarginate to 90%, greatly reduce the death rate of young tortoise phase and young tortoise phase, and comprehensively cultivated from source, close tortoise mating efficiency high, Fertilized quality is high, management science, quality into tortoise is high, and ornamental value is high, and medical value is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural technique field of tortoise, more particularly to a kind of Cuora flavomarginate becomes more meticulous comprehensive breeding method.
Background technology
Cuora flavomarginate, scientific name Cistoclemmys flavomarginata, also known as disconnected plate tortoise, folder snake tortoise, main point
In the middle and south of China, Cuora flavomarginate is rare and endangered species to cloth, and it is the treasure in Chelonian, its medical value and nutrition
Value is high, with it as primary raw material and drug matching, can anticancer removing toxic substances, it is without any side effects, be again nourishing and strengthening vital,
The high tonic promoted longevity.Contain rich in protein, aliphatic acid, colloid, flesh liver etc., marrow in Cuora flavomarginate body
Contain hematopoietic cell and various trace elements needed by human;" disconnected plate tortoise parenteral solution " being made as raw material with tortoiseshell, turtle shell is
For treating tuberculosis and the auxiliary treatment to cancer；Cuora flavomarginate has good ornamental value again simultaneously, is taken as pet
It is deep to be welcome by fan at home and abroad to raise；Cuora flavomarginate in 1989 is listed in Henan Province and lays special stress on protecting animal.
Cuora flavomarginate head is smooth, and side is yellow or yellow green, and the crown is held level with both hands before olive oil colours or brown/kiss,
Upper beak has bright hook bent.E Ding both sides respectively have 1 glassy yellow longitudinal grin from eye backward, and neck, left and right are extended to by carefully thicker
Striped after portion meets overhead connection form yellow " u "-shaped line.Carapace is rounded, and center is high grand and has faint yellow ridge rib, chest and abdomen
Has ligament between shield, front and rear to close completely, scale is flourishing on four limbs, pawl has underdeveloped web four after first five.Plastron and carapace
Can closely close, therefore named is " Cuora flavomarginate ".
The culturing time of Cuora flavomarginate is more long, and its existing cultivation survival rate is relatively low, typically only 50% or so, Huang Yuan
Cuora is general will be improper because of aquaculture management in young tortoise phase or young tortoise cultivation phase, causes resistance to be deteriorated, so as to increase
The death rate；Secondly, existing Cuora flavomarginate raises difficulty and cost in breeding process in order to shorten cycle, reduction,
Therefore directly hatched using the tortoise egg of purchase, but this feeding manner prevents keeper from fundamentally knowing tortoise
The quality of egg, can just learn the quality of tortoise egg after hatching can only be waited to terminate, the tortoise egg of purchase carries out the later stage and a series of incubates
Change and there is certain risk in cultivating, and close tortoise mate and oviposit is the basic and key of Cuora flavomarginate cultivation, and
The scientific management of young tortoise cultivation phase and young tortoise cultivation phase is the key that Cuora flavomarginate is survived, the management of three phases and its institute
The environment of growth and the method for raising are relevant.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned problem, the comprehensive breeding method the present invention is intended to provide Cuora flavomarginate becomes more meticulous, the cultivation
Method can improve the survival rate of Cuora flavomarginate to 90%, greatly reduce the death rate of young tortoise phase and young tortoise phase, and from source
Comprehensively cultivated on head, close tortoise mating efficiency high, Fertilized quality is high, and management science, the quality into tortoise is high, ornamental value
Height, medical value is high.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows：
Cuora flavomarginate becomes more meticulous comprehensive breeding method, comprises the following steps：
1）Close tortoise
A, the close lessons of the past held up as a mirror for the present and future are other：Select head female tortoise of uniform size and male tortoise；
B, close tortoise are raised：Close tortoise pond is built, first carried out disinfection treatment, male and female before close tortoise pond is entered to the health parent tortoise for selecting
Ratio of stocking 2-3:1, early stage is raised according to 2:1 ratio delivers animal bait and vegetal bait, into the reproductive development phase
Afterwards according to 7:3 ratio delivers animal bait and vegetal bait, and morning and evening each feeding is once；
C, close tortoise mating：4 middle of the month to by the end of October be mating season；
D, spawning and hatching：The Cuora flavomarginate 5-9 months are the egg-laying season, build spawning bed, and spawning is carried out in morning or at dusk, tortoise
After ovum output, tortoise ovum is taken out in time and observes tortoise ovum whether there is fertilization spot or fertilization annulus occurs, then according to output time elder generation
After mark, and be neatly placed in egg-collecting box, fertilization situation was checked within 96 hours postpartum, the good tortoise ovum that will be fertilized is chosen
Go out, be put into hatching in incubator；
Incubator is arranged in hatching room, and multiple incubators are set in hatching room, the temperature control in hatching room at 26-32 DEG C,
The incubator uses bubble chamber, multilayer hatching layer setting up and down in case, and the leech of a thickness 5-10cm is laid on every layer of hatching layer
Stone, re-lays the sterilized river sand of a thickness 2-4cm on every layer of vermiculite, every layer of hatching layer bottom is respectively provided with humidification pipeline, plus
One row's humidifying spraying nozzle is set on wet pipeline, hatching early stage by humidifying spraying nozzle holding humidity between 90%-95%, in hatching room
Temperature control between 30-32 DEG C, mid-term humid control between 80%-90%, the temperature control in hatching room at 28-30 DEG C,
Latter stage humidity is maintained between 75 %-80%, and the temperature control in hatching room is at 26-28 DEG C；
2）Young tortoise
A, young tortoise early stage are raised：Young tortoise goes out shell a few days ago, its turn is supported and is supported in case temporary, and a few days ago young tortoise does not ingest, by itself
Yolk provides nutrition, and water flea, water earthworm are fed two days later, and interval gradually feeds fish, shrimp, the pluck of chopping for 2,3 hours；
B, young tortoise later stage raise：After young tortoise it is temporary support case in grow up 30 days after and the time-division pond raise, in young tortoise pond top use Buddhist nun
Dragon net covering；
C, young tortoise survive the winter：When natural temperature drops to 20 DEG C, indoor wintering, the fine sand of a thickness 30cm is spread in temporary foster case, often
Every two days to atomized water spray in sand, keep sand moist, holding indoor temperature is more than 10 DEG C；
3）Young tortoise
A, put in a suitable place to breed：Young tortoise cultivation ground is built, by after hibernation, to the 2nd year the first tenday period of a month in April, the temperature rises was young tortoise to 15 DEG C
The raising stage of young tortoise is transferred to, is raised by different size size fractionation, the basically identical tortoise of Individual Size is put into same children
Tortoise cultivation ground is raised, each young ground area 2-4m2, breeding density 20-40/m of tortoise cultivation2, the young tortoise cultivation ground includes land
The area ratio of part and deep water part, land part and deep water part is 7:3, the depth of water is no more than 5cm, and is set in land part
Food platform, soaking disinfection before putting in a suitable place to breed, and the sterilization processing that carried out disinfection to the swimmer's pool of young tortoise deep water part；
B, feed bait：The bait of young tortoise is according to animal bait, vegetal bait and artifical compound feed with 8：2：1 mixing
Feed, the injected volume of every young tortoise animal bait is the 5%-8% of young tortoise body weight, is respectively fed 1 time sooner or later；
C, daily management：Deep water part filled once new water, environment of observation temperature change per 7-10 days, prevented sun direct projection and water
Temperature is raised suddenly, when surviving the winter, is built plastic sheeting and is kept young tortoise to cultivate suitable temperature；
D, young tortoise survive the winter；
4）Into tortoise
A, put in a suitable place to breed：Build outdoor and undisturbedly band, as adult fish culture ground, include land part and deep water part adult fish culture,
The area ratio of land part and deep water part is 7:3, the depth of water is no more than 8cm, wherein land part planting plants, in land part
Laying one layer of broad leaf tree fallen leaves, changed once every 15 days, and the swimmer's pool of deep water part, cultivation instrument are carried out thoroughly before putting in a suitable place to breed
Sterilization, is 5-6/m into tortoise breeding density2；
B, dispensing bait：Into tortoise bait according to animal bait, vegetal bait and artifical compound feed with 7：3：1 mixing
Feed, respectively feed sooner or later daily 1 time, the feeding volume of every young tortoise animal bait accounts for the 5%-8% of tortoise body weight, and temperature often raises 2
DEG C, the feeding volume of animal bait then improves 1%, and vegetal bait and artifical compound feed are proportionally accordingly improved；
C, daily management：Deep water part every 7-10 days filling once new water, every the 10-15 days swimmer's pools to deep water part with
And carried out disinfection treatment into tortoise, change water and notice that the temperature difference of water should not be higher than 3-4 DEG C；
D, survived the winter into tortoise.
Preferably, the step（1）In " close tortoise raise " close tortoise used before hydrophilic pond is entered concentration for 10 milligrams/
The liquor potassic permanganate immersion kind tortoise for rising, sterilizes 15-20 minutes；Step（3）Using with 10 mg/litres when entering pond in " putting in a suitable place to breed "
Liquor potassic permanganate soaks 5 minutes to young tortoise sterilizes；Step（4）Using the potassium permanganate of 10 mg/litres when entering pond in " putting in a suitable place to breed "
Solution is sterilized to being soaked 10 minutes into tortoise.
Preferably, the step（3）The swimmer's pool and step of the deep water part of " putting in a suitable place to breed "（4）The deep water portion of " putting in a suitable place to breed "
The swimmer's pool for dividing using quick lime thorough disinfection and is exposed to the sun.
Preferably, the step（1）Spawning bed is located at quiet, moist and place on the sunny side in " spawning and hatching ", produces
Ovum bed is first to set one layer of sterilized straw layer, and injection water, makes its humidity in 70-85%, then on straw layer upper berth thereon
If one layer of 10cm thick sandy soil layer, water spray is moistened again.
Preferably, the step（1）Temperature sensor and humidity sensor are provided with incubator in " spawning and hatching ",
Every layer of hatching layer side is provided with observation door.
Preferably, the step（2）Temporarily foster case is interior in " young tortoise early stage is raised " places little water, and the depth of water is casing
/ 5th of height, the temperature temporarily supported in case is maintained at 25-30 DEG C.
Preferably, the step（3）" being survived the winter into tortoise " and step（4）Select outdoor to survive the winter in " young tortoise survives the winter ", build
Hibernation little Chi, the fine sand of bottom of pond laying thickness 20cm, sand moistening are made, then the moistening thatch through the steamed cooling of steam is put on sand
Grass, with the rising of temperature, the thickness of cogongrass is gradually decreased, and put in hand every 7-10 days and the healthy and dry of tortoise is checked in cogongrass
Wet situation.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：It is compared with prior art, of the invention to the improvement is that,
First, the invention provides the whole step of specific close tortoise raising, mating and spawning and hatching, can by the step
Preferable hatching efficiency is realized, the quality of embryonated egg is improved, and improves the uniformity of young tortoise growing way size, reduced because of specification size
Raising difficulty and complexity that different band is come, the uniformity of raising are improved, and management more facilitates；Additionally, the present invention is also to spawning
Environment carried out specific improvement, not only realize preferably humidification management, and environment to laying eggs is transformed, it is real to cause
The close suitable spawning place of tortoise unrestricted choice, improves the quality and quantity of spawning；
Second, feeding and management of the present invention to young tortoise phase, young tortoise phase and into the tortoise phase has carried out specific description, by young tortoise
Reasonable management, reduces the death rate of young tortoise phase；
Third, the present invention sets incubator, hatching efficiency and survival rate can be improved by the hatching of incubator, and to hatching
Temperature and humidity carry out interim control, can be adjusted with interim Hatching characteristics so that hatching effect is more preferable.
Specific embodiment
In order that one of ordinary skill in the art is better understood on technical scheme, with reference to embodiment
Technical scheme is further described.
Embodiment：Cuora flavomarginate becomes more meticulous comprehensive breeding method, comprises the following steps：
1）Close tortoise
A, the close lessons of the past held up as a mirror for the present and future are other：Select head female tortoise of uniform size and male tortoise；
B, close tortoise are raised：Close tortoise pond is built, first carried out disinfection treatment, close tortoise before close tortoise pond is entered to the health parent tortoise for selecting
It is the liquor potassic permanganate immersion kind tortoise of 10 mg/litres that concentration is used before hydrophilic pond is entered, and is sterilized 15-20 minutes, male tortoise body
Sperm can be survived more than half a year in female tortoise body, therefore male and female ratio of stocking 2-3:1, plant sexal maturity time, the year spawning time of tortoise
Number, ovum quantity, ovum quality, depend greatly on feeding condition, raise early stage according to 2:1 ratio is delivered
Animal bait and vegetal bait, into the reproductive development phase after according to 7:3 ratio delivers animal bait and vegetalitas bait
Material, animal bait includes small fish, shrimp, loach, earthworm, spiral shell, freshwater mussel, yellow meal worm, pluck and silkworm chrysalis；Vegetal bait
Including soya-bean cake, wheat bran, corn, tomato, B B-complex and calcium powder are added in food early stage is raised, sooner or later each feeding one
It is secondary, to keep water to clean in daily management, the feed table of timing cleaning daily is removed residual bait clean.General kind tortoise is being close to
Evening and out activity and look for food early in the morning, it is therefore desirable to 2 active situations of observation kind of tortoise sooner or later, prevent it from escaping and biological opposing
Evil invasion and attack, week about in bait plus the prevention enteritis such as some terramycin, furazolidone；
C, close tortoise mating：4 middle of the month to by the end of October be mating season；Male tortoise significantly increases in breeding season, activity and activity time
Plus, and the time of looking for food shortens, food ration is reduced, and constitution declines, and rabbit epidemic disease power is low, easy infection disease, and the death rate rises, therefore record
Mating peak period, cleaning sterilization is carried out after missing peak period to mating place, reduces the probability of close tortoise bacteria infection, reduces dead
Rate；
D, spawning and hatching：The Cuora flavomarginate 5-9 months are the egg-laying season, every time 14 pieces of spawning, build spawning bed, are laid eggs in morning
Or carry out at dusk, after tortoise ovum output, 11-18 grams of ovum weight, ovum is long 39.1-50 millimeters, a diameter of 20.2-27.5 millimeters, averagely
Tortoise ovum is taken out and observes tortoise ovum whether there is fertilization spot or fertilization annulus by ovum 43.5 millimeter long, 22.7 millimeters of average ovum diameter in time
Occur, it is to avoid shake, stir tortoise ovum, then marked according to output time order and function, and be neatly placed in egg-collecting box, in postpartum
Fertilization situation is checked in 96 hours, the good tortoise ovum that will be fertilized is chosen, and is put into hatching in incubator；
Fertilization annulus is formed at 8-12 hours after ovum output earliest.To the ovum for fertilization annulus do not occur, preferably respectively at after output
The 72nd hour and the 96th hour each inspection Check 1 time, occur the ovum of fertilization annulus yet as unfertilized egg within the 96th hour after output
Treatment, the good ovum that will be fertilized is chosen, and is put into hatching in incubator；
Spawning bed is located at quiet, moist and place on the sunny side, is first to set one layer of sterilized straw layer, thereon injection water,
Make its humidity in 70-85%, the thick sandy soil layers of one layer of 10cm are then laid on straw layer, again water spray moistening；
Incubator is arranged in hatching room, and multiple incubators are set in hatching room, the temperature control in hatching room at 26-32 DEG C,
The incubator uses bubble chamber, multilayer hatching layer setting up and down in case, and the leech of a thickness 5-10cm is laid on every layer of hatching layer
Stone, re-lays the sterilized river sand of a thickness 2-4cm on every layer of vermiculite, every layer of hatching layer bottom is respectively provided with humidification pipeline, plus
One row's humidifying spraying nozzle is set on wet pipeline, hatching early stage by humidifying spraying nozzle holding humidity between 90%-95%, in hatching room
Temperature control between 30-32 DEG C, mid-term humid control between 80%-90%, the temperature control in hatching room at 28-30 DEG C,
Latter stage humidity is maintained between 75 %-80%, and the temperature control in hatching room is at 26-28 DEG C；TEMP is provided with incubator
Device and humidity sensor, every layer of hatching layer side are provided with observation door, and every layer of hatching layer is independent of each other in observation, is seen by opening
Cha Men just can observe internal hatching situation, closed after observe and observe door, and inspection river sand is scattered after release；
The good permeability of vermiculite, the moisture retention of river sand is good, without sterilization before hatching, embryonated egg is emitted in incubator successively,
Animal pole is upward during placement（Have white point upward), to accomplish to handle with care when placing embryonated egg, between each ovum piece away from and row
Away from being 2 centimetres of 3 centimetres of X, ovum repaves the vermiculite that lid a layer thickness is 3 centimetres above after putting well, loosens to dissipate holding vermiculite and is
Preferably, daily management：Usually sprayed water to hatching medium in good time, keep temperature, the humidity of hatching medium to stablize relatively, incubation temperature
It is unfavorable to embryonic development when reaching 33 °C；And bad ovum is eliminated in time（It is mouldy, give off a peculiar smell), summer temp is more than 32 °C
When to open a window ventilation；
2）Young tortoise
A, young tortoise early stage are raised：Just having gone out the young tortoise plastron center of shell has a circular yolk bag, can be disappeared after needing for 1 week, young tortoise
Go out shell a few days ago, its turn supported and is supported in case temporary, temporarily place little water in foster case, the depth of water for box height five/
One, the temperature temporarily supported in case is maintained at 25-30 DEG C, and a few days ago young tortoise does not ingest, and nutrition is provided by itself yolk, feeds two days later
Water flea, water earthworm, interval gradually feed fish, shrimp, the pluck of chopping for 2,3 hours；
B, young tortoise later stage raise：After young tortoise it is temporary support grow up 30 days in case after and time-division pond raise, in order to avoid because specification differs greatly
And growth is influenceed, top is covered with nylon wire in young tortoise pond, to prevent the invasion and attack of the harmful organisms such as mouse, mosquito, keeps water
Matter is cleaned and environment quiet；
C, young tortoise survive the winter：When natural temperature drops to 20 DEG C, indoor wintering, the fine sand of a thickness 30cm is spread in temporary foster case, often
Every two days to atomized water spray in sand, keep sand moist, holding indoor temperature is more than 10 DEG C；
3）Young tortoise
A, put in a suitable place to breed：Young tortoise cultivation ground is built, by after hibernation, to the 2nd year the first tenday period of a month in April, the temperature rises was young tortoise to 15 DEG C
The raising stage of young tortoise is transferred to, is raised by different size size fractionation, the basically identical tortoise of Individual Size is put into same children
Tortoise cultivation ground is raised, each young tortoise cultivation ground area 2-4m2, breeding density 20-40/m2, the young tortoise cultivation ground includes land portion
Divide and deep water part, the area ratio of land part and deep water part is 7:3, the depth of water is no more than 5cm, the water in order to avoid young tortoise chokes, and causes
Unnecessary loss, and food platform, soaking disinfection before putting in a suitable place to breed, using the height with 10 mg/litres when entering pond are set in land part
Potassium manganate solution soaks 5 minutes to young tortoise sterilizes, and the sterilization processing that carried out disinfection to the swimmer's pool of young tortoise deep water part；
B, feed bait：The bait of young tortoise is according to animal bait, vegetal bait and artifical compound feed with 8：2：1 mixing
Feed, the injected volume of every young tortoise animal bait is the 5%-8% of young tortoise body weight, is respectively fed 1 time sooner or later, and the bait for feeding should be new
Fresh agreeable to the taste, more small-sized animal bait such as earthworm, fly maggot, silkworm chrysalis, can directly deliver on food platform, relatively large animality bait
Material, such as fish, mussel meat, livestock and poultry offal, should fully mince or be rubbed with machinery, and can mix throwing thoroughly with other powdered plant bait
Hello, while adding a small amount of terramycin to be fed after mixing, less than 50 grams of young tortoise should also increase a little calcium material in bait, in case bone
Matter malacosis；
C, daily management：Deep water part filled once new water, environment of observation temperature change per 7-10 days, prevented sun direct projection and water
Temperature is raised suddenly, when surviving the winter, is built plastic sheeting and is kept young tortoise to cultivate suitable temperature；
Deep water part is cement pit, and outdoor children's tortoise cement pit water body is small, and water quality is variable, particularly summer, and water pollution is fast, therefore
Should per 7-10 days 1 new water of filling, holding water quality is pure and fresh, high temperature and heating summer season it is noted that take sunshade above outdoor pond,
Prevent sun direct projection and water temperature is raised suddenly, jeopardize young tortoise life；
D, young tortoise survive the winter；
4）Into tortoise
A, put in a suitable place to breed：Build it is outdoor and undisturbedly band as adult fish culture ground, the Environment Design on adult fish culture ground, with it is natural, ecological,
Based on science, the place of a suitable tortoise growth and breeding is provided as far as possible, it often can creep on land, adult fish culture ground bag
Include land part and deep water part, the area ratio of land part and deep water part is 7:3, the depth of water is no more than 8cm, wherein land portion
Divide planting plants, one layer of broad leaf tree fallen leaves are laid in land part, changed once every 15 days, to the depth of deep water part before putting in a suitable place to breed
Pond, cultivation instrument carry out thorough disinfection, using the liquor potassic permanganate of 10 mg/litres to disappearing within 10 minutes into tortoise immersion when entering pond
Poison, is 5-6/m into tortoise breeding density2；
The step（3）The swimmer's pool and step of the deep water part of " putting in a suitable place to breed "（4）The swimmer's pool of the deep water part of " putting in a suitable place to breed " is equal
Using quick lime thorough disinfection and it is exposed to the sun
B, dispensing bait：Into tortoise bait according to animal bait, vegetal bait and artifical compound feed with 7：3：1 mixing
Feed, respectively feed sooner or later daily 1 time, the feeding volume of every young tortoise animal bait accounts for the 5%-8% of tortoise body weight, as temperature is raised
Feeding volume can be increased, temperature often raises 2 DEG C, the feeding volume of animal bait then improves 1%, vegetal bait and hand fit
Feed is proportionally accordingly improved, feeding mainly based on animal bait, animal bait include livestock and poultry offal, thin pork,
Beef, small fish, shrimp, spiral shell, freshwater mussel, yellow meal worm and silkworm chrysalis, and a little vegetal baits of suitably arranging in pairs or groups, vegetal bait include dish, soya-bean cake,
Melon and fruit, corn, sorghum, tomato；Autumn has set in White Dew, is changed to once a day, and feeding volume accounts for the 5%-10% of tortoise body weight, throws every time
Bait was just eaten up after feeding with 2 hours to be advisable；
C, daily management：Deep water part every 7-10 days filling once new water, every the 10-15 days swimmer's pools to deep water part with
And carried out disinfection treatment into tortoise, change water and notice that the temperature difference of water should not be higher than 3-4 DEG C；
One is that the new water of note is changed in timing, keeps tortoise water matter pure and fresh；Two is regular sterilization Gui Chi and tortoise, in case sick, typically monthly
With the mg/litre disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate of concentration 3, three is that the pool is patrolled in timing, and main detection tortoise ingests, movable, growing state, finds
There is tortoise dull and the anomaly such as do not ingest, individual inspiration simultaneously separates raising, it is to avoid the infection of disease；In addition, will also be in pond four
Week carries out escaping-preventing facilities, prevent tortoise escape and harmful organisms attack, summer high temperature, pool side can put up a shed temporarily it is sun-proof, pond surrounding plant
Sunshade plant, such as sponge gourd, fresh kidney beans are planted, in daily raising, it should be noted that environment of observation temperature change, record is raised in preferably foundation
This, with stockpile, grasps the rule of life of tortoise and the requirement to temperature and bait；The early spring, season in late autumn change water, it should be noted that
The temperature difference of water typically should not change water and be carried out preferably before feeding higher than 3-4 DEG C, and at the beginning of annual 11 months, with mercury dropped, tortoise is gradually
Should be at this moment 10-15 centimetres of moist sandy soil bedding thickness in cylinder is raised into hibernation, at Chaoyang disposed within, make it certainly
Right hibernation.In last ten-days period March in next year, when temperature recovery is to 18-19 DEG C, tortoise starts feed, and first feeding should be fewer but better, ring after feeding
Border temperature must not be less than 15 DEG C, the problems such as will otherwise cause indigestion.With temperature gradually rise and stabilization, can accordingly increase
With the injected volume of bait, strengthen tortoise constitution, improve immunocompetence；
D, survived the winter into tortoise；
The step（3）" being survived the winter into tortoise " and step（4）Select outdoor to survive the winter in " young tortoise survives the winter ", build hibernation little Chi, pond
The fine sand of thickness 20cm, sand moistening are laid in bottom, then the moistening cogongrass through the steamed cooling of steam is put on sand, with temperature
Raise, the thickness of cogongrass is gradually decreased, hand was put in cogongrass the health and dry and wet situation for checking tortoise every 7-10 days.
General principle of the invention, principal character and advantages of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appending claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. Cuora flavomarginate becomes more meticulous comprehensive breeding method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Close tortoise
A, the close lessons of the past held up as a mirror for the present and future are other：Select head female tortoise of uniform size and male tortoise；
B, close tortoise are raised：Close tortoise pond is built, first carried out disinfection treatment, male and female before close tortoise pond is entered to the health parent tortoise for selecting
Ratio of stocking 2-3:1, early stage is raised according to 2:1 ratio delivers animal bait and vegetal bait, into the reproductive development phase
Afterwards according to 7:3 ratio delivers animal bait and vegetal bait, and morning and evening each feeding is once；
C, close tortoise mating：4 middle of the month to by the end of October be mating season；
D, spawning and hatching：The Cuora flavomarginate 5-9 months are the egg-laying season, build spawning bed, and spawning is carried out in morning or at dusk, tortoise
After ovum output, tortoise ovum is taken out in time and observes tortoise ovum whether there is fertilization spot or fertilization annulus occurs, then according to output time elder generation
After mark, and be neatly placed in egg-collecting box, fertilization situation was checked within 96 hours postpartum, the good tortoise ovum that will be fertilized is chosen
Go out, be put into hatching in incubator；
Incubator is arranged in hatching room, and multiple incubators are set in hatching room, the temperature control in hatching room at 26-32 DEG C,
The incubator uses bubble chamber, multilayer hatching layer setting up and down in case, and the leech of a thickness 5-10cm is laid on every layer of hatching layer
Stone, re-lays the sterilized river sand of a thickness 2-4cm on every layer of vermiculite, every layer of hatching layer bottom is respectively provided with humidification pipeline, plus
One row's humidifying spraying nozzle is set on wet pipeline, hatching early stage by humidifying spraying nozzle holding humidity between 90%-95%, in hatching room
Temperature control between 30-32 DEG C, mid-term humid control between 80%-90%, the temperature control in hatching room at 28-30 DEG C,
Latter stage humidity is maintained between 75 %-80%, and the temperature control in hatching room is at 26-28 DEG C；
2）Young tortoise
A, young tortoise early stage are raised：Young tortoise goes out shell a few days ago, its turn is supported and is supported in case temporary, and a few days ago young tortoise does not ingest, by itself
Yolk provides nutrition, and water flea, water earthworm are fed two days later, and interval gradually feeds fish, shrimp, the pluck of chopping for 2,3 hours；
B, young tortoise later stage raise：After young tortoise it is temporary support case in grow up 30 days after and the time-division pond raise, in young tortoise pond top use Buddhist nun
Dragon net covering；
C, young tortoise survive the winter：When natural temperature drops to 20 DEG C, indoor wintering, the fine sand of a thickness 30cm is spread in temporary foster case, often
Every two days to atomized water spray in sand, keep sand moist, holding indoor temperature is more than 10 DEG C；
3）Young tortoise
A, put in a suitable place to breed：Young tortoise cultivation ground is built, by after hibernation, to the 2nd year the first tenday period of a month in April, the temperature rises was young tortoise to 15 DEG C
The raising stage of young tortoise is transferred to, is raised by different size size fractionation, the basically identical tortoise of Individual Size is put into same children
Tortoise cultivation ground is raised, each young tortoise cultivation ground area 2-4m2, breeding density 20-40/m2, the young tortoise cultivation ground includes land portion
Divide and deep water part, the area ratio of land part and deep water part is 7:3, the depth of water is no more than 5cm, and sets food in land part
Platform, soaking disinfection before putting in a suitable place to breed, and the sterilization processing that carried out disinfection to the swimmer's pool of young tortoise deep water part；
B, feed bait：The bait of young tortoise is according to animal bait, vegetal bait and artifical compound feed with 8：2：1 mixing
Feed, the injected volume of every young tortoise animal bait is the 5%-8% of young tortoise body weight, is respectively fed 1 time sooner or later；
C, daily management：Deep water part filled once new water, environment of observation temperature change per 7-10 days, prevented sun direct projection and water
Temperature is raised suddenly, when surviving the winter, is built plastic sheeting and is kept young tortoise to cultivate suitable temperature；
D, young tortoise survive the winter；
4）Into tortoise
A, put in a suitable place to breed：Build outdoor and undisturbedly band, as adult fish culture ground, include land part and deep water part adult fish culture,
The area ratio of land part and deep water part is 7:3, the depth of water is no more than 8cm, wherein land part planting plants, in land part
Laying one layer of broad leaf tree fallen leaves, changed once every 15 days, and the swimmer's pool of deep water part, cultivation instrument are carried out thoroughly before putting in a suitable place to breed
Sterilization, is 5-6/m into tortoise breeding density2；
B, dispensing bait：Into tortoise bait according to animal bait, vegetal bait and artifical compound feed with 7：3：1 mixing
Feed, respectively feed sooner or later daily 1 time, the feeding volume of every young tortoise animal bait accounts for the 5%-8% of tortoise body weight, and temperature often raises 2
DEG C, the feeding volume of animal bait then improves 1%, and vegetal bait and artifical compound feed are proportionally accordingly improved；
C, daily management：Deep water part every 7-10 days filling once new water, every the 10-15 days swimmer's pools to deep water part with
And carried out disinfection treatment into tortoise, change water and notice that the temperature difference of water should not be higher than 3-4 DEG C；
D, survived the winter into tortoise.
2. Cuora flavomarginate according to claim 1 becomes more meticulous comprehensive breeding method, it is characterised in that：The step（1）
It is the liquor potassic permanganate immersion kind tortoise of 10 mg/litres, sterilization that close tortoise uses concentration before hydrophilic pond is entered in " close tortoise is raised "
15-20 minutes；Step（3）The immersion of young tortoise is disappeared for 5 minutes using with the liquor potassic permanganate of 10 mg/litres when entering pond in " putting in a suitable place to breed "
Poison；Step（4）Liquor potassic permanganate when entering pond in " putting in a suitable place to breed " using 10 mg/litres is sterilized to being soaked 10 minutes into tortoise.
3. Cuora flavomarginate according to claim 1 becomes more meticulous comprehensive breeding method, it is characterised in that：The step（3）
The swimmer's pool and step of the deep water part of " putting in a suitable place to breed "（4）The swimmer's pool of the deep water part of " putting in a suitable place to breed " is thoroughly disappeared using quick lime
Poison is simultaneously exposed to the sun.
4. Cuora flavomarginate according to claim 1 becomes more meticulous comprehensive breeding method, it is characterised in that：The step（1）
Bed of being laid eggs in " spawning and hatching " is located at quiet, moist and place on the sunny side, and spawning bed is first to set one layer of sterilized straw
Layer, injection water, makes its humidity in 70-85% thereon, and the thick sandy soil layers of one layer of 10cm are then laid on straw layer, sprays again
Water is moistened.
5. Cuora flavomarginate according to claim 1 becomes more meticulous comprehensive breeding method, it is characterised in that：The step（1）
Temperature sensor and humidity sensor are provided with incubator in " spawning and hatching ", every layer of hatching layer side is provided with observation door.
6. Cuora flavomarginate according to claim 1 becomes more meticulous comprehensive breeding method, it is characterised in that：The step（2）
Temporarily foster case is interior in " young tortoise early stage is raised " places little water, and the depth of water is 1/5th of box height, temporarily the temperature in foster case
Degree is maintained at 25-30 DEG C.
7. Cuora flavomarginate according to claim 1 becomes more meticulous comprehensive breeding method, it is characterised in that：The step（3）
" being survived the winter into tortoise " and step（4）Select outdoor to survive the winter in " young tortoise survives the winter ", build hibernation little Chi, bottom of pond laying thickness 20cm's is thin
Sand, sand moistening, then the moistening cogongrass through the steamed cooling of steam is put on sand, with the rising of temperature, the thickness of cogongrass
Gradually decrease, hand was put in cogongrass the health and dry and wet situation for checking tortoise every 7-10 days.
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| CN108739649A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-06 | 广西大学 | A kind of propagation method of Elaphe Carinatas |
| CN109122573A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-04 | 苏州青青水产发展有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of testudinate nursery balance male and female ratio |
| CN113080139A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-09 | 广东惠东海龟国家级自然保护区管理局 | Overwintering environment building and regulating method for artificial breeding of green sea turtles |
| CN113170766A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-07-27 | 安徽绿丰园特种养殖有限公司 | Ecological breeding method of cuora flavomarginata |
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