CN110122086A - A kind of middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method at low cost, outplanting rate is high - Google Patents
A kind of middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method at low cost, outplanting rate is high Download PDFInfo
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- CN110122086A CN110122086A CN201910557796.3A CN201910557796A CN110122086A CN 110122086 A CN110122086 A CN 110122086A CN 201910557796 A CN201910557796 A CN 201910557796A CN 110122086 A CN110122086 A CN 110122086A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of plant asexual propagation, specifically disclose a kind of middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method at low cost, outplanting rate is high.The method for culturing seedlings the following steps are included: the garden S1 prepare；S2 cutting preparation；S3 cuttage；S4 seedlings plugging is taken root period management；S5 seedlings plugging manages after taking root；Prepare to the garden S1, cutting medium is to gather materials on the spot using yellow soil, i.e., the yellow soil of a thickness about 5cm is spread on the seedbed for having been subjected to sterilizing deinsectization processing in case cuttage.Beneficial effect of the present invention is significant: first is that cutting medium convenient sources: cutting medium is using local fresh yellow soil；Second is that facilities and equipment is simple, simple shading and irrigating facility need to be only built；Third is that save the cost, reduces full-automatic sprinkling irrigation equipment investment and maintenance cost, reduces by 50% or more seedling cost；Fourth is that improving nursery stock rate, cuttage root-taking seedling can stay garden to continue to cultivate 1 year, reduce seedling and transplant the damage that is out of the garden, improve 10% or more nursery stock rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, and in particular to a kind of middle mountain China fir at low cost, that outplanting rate is high is big
Field cuttage and seedling culture method.
Background technique
Middle mountain China fir (Taxodium distichum × T.Mucronatum'zhongshanshan') belongs to Taxodiaceae Taxodium
Tall and big deciduous tree is that Plant Inst., Jiangsu Province (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen) from the North America in Taxodium falls plumage
The common name for the serial improved Varieties that China fir and Taxodium mucronatum are selected by interspecific hybridization, because being the hybridization choosing of the botanical garden Zhong Shan
It educates, it is therefore named " middle mountain China fir ".Currently, mountain China fir strain has middle mountain China fir 302,118,405,406,407 etc. more than 10 in common in production
Kind.The advantages of middle mountain China fir is because by having had both two tree species of bald cypress and Taxodium mucronatum after selection cross, with parent's phase
Than, have many advantages, such as that fast growing, greenery phase length, tree-like graceful, resistance to water-wet, saline-alkali tolerant, material are good, thus by nursery stock markets
It welcomes, with being chiefly used in lake region, reservoir area, seashore falling zone and beach afforestation, make wetland woodland scenery waterborne and carries out wet
Ground restoration of the ecosystem etc..Due to middle mountain araucaria hybrid new breed, the middle mountain China fir mostly seedsetting rate planted in production at present is few, and institute
It is again low to bear seeds germination percentage, therefore middle mountain China fir mainly uses the method breeding nursery stock of cutting propagation.
For mountain China fir cuttage radication capability in raising, domestic many researchers have carried out middle mountain China fir cutting propagation test,
Research achievement abundant is achieved, the side such as cuttage and seedling culture substrate composition, cuttage root-taking agent use, cuttage season is concentrated mainly on
Face.Such as Lu little Qing (2011) has studied full exposure intermittent spraying condition, presses 1: 1 mixed base using peat soil and perlite
Matter, cuttings are handled with 1500mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate root-growing agent, and cutting plantation is up to 60.8% or more；Dong Bihui etc. (2005) research
Middle 302 strain of mountain China fir, choose 1~2 year raw hardwood cutting using " triple heat preservations " seedling-raising technique is with plant ash+vegetable garden soil
Cutting medium, after handling fringe bar by root-inducing promoters such as methyl α-naphthyl acetates, cutting plantation is up to 67% or more；Wang Dongsheng etc. (2013)
A kind of middle mountain China fir cutting medium and its preparation method and application is invented；Xu Jianhua etc. (2014) has invented a kind of middle mountain China fir series
The slotting machine facility construction method that kind is efficiently bred.These research achievements provide good technology for middle mountain China fir scale breeding
Support, cutting medium think that peat soil mixes rooting rate height with perlite (vermiculite) more.
But how seedling cost is reduced for middle mountain China fir scale breeding, shorten growing-seedling period, improves Seedlings nursery nursery stock
The rare research of outplanting rate etc..Currently, naked seedling price of market upper middle hill China fir current year cuttage is about 1.5 yuan/plant, and work as
For the container seedling price of year cuttage in 2 yuan/plant or more, this high cost nursery stock price seriously constrains the hair of middle mountain China fir kind industry
Exhibition.Therefore, seek break through production operation it is simple and easy, the middle mountain China fir cuttage raise seedling technique of low production cost is modern Forest tree seed
Where the target of industry development.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: being directed to the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing middle mountain China fir cuttage raise seedling technique, mention
For a kind of middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method at low cost, seedling stage is short.Cutting medium of the invention is to gather materials on the spot using yellow
Cubsoil, Seedlings nursery only need to build the simple seedling raisings facility such as sunshade net, and garden is stayed to cultivate after cuttage rooting 1 year, reduce work of once transplanting seedlings
Sequence not only can be shortened growing-seedling period, and seedling cost can also be greatly lowered, and improve nursery stock rate.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that, Lai Shixian goal of the invention.
A kind of middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method at low cost, outplanting rate is high, comprising the following steps: prepare to the garden S1；
S2 cutting preparation；S3 cuttage；S4 seedlings plugging is taken root period management；S5 seedlings plugging manages after taking root.
Further, prepare to the garden S1, cutting medium is to gather materials on the spot using yellow soil, i.e., kills having been subjected to
The yellow soil of a thickness about 5cm is spread in case cuttage on the seedbed of bacterium disinfection deinsectization processing.Yellow soil is both cuttage root-taking matrix,
It is the anti-careless covering in garden ground again, yellow soil pH value is about 5, avoids weight clayed soil, sandy content 5-10% should be 3-7 days before inserting
It is covered.
Further, prepared by the S2 cutting, and the current year in selection in the China fir elite stand of mountain, raw semi-lignified stalwartness branch was made
Cuttings, and the early morning clip on the day of cuttage, cuttings are placed in the rooting agent solution prepared, and soaking time about 20-40 minutes, leaching
Steep depth 1-3cm；The cuttings, the thick 0.25-0.5cm of cuttings diameter, length 8-12cm.The current year raw semi-lignified branch
Item, should on the day of cuttage early morning clip, it is unsuitable because cutting orchard branch dew evaporates especially after noon after 10 points of the morning
Fringe is cut, rooting percent is otherwise influenced.
Further, the rooting agent solution is ‰ fast-growing root of mass concentration 0.5-1.0 or naphthalene acid solution.
Further, the S3 cuttage, cottage method are that equably oblique cutting enters on seedbed by cuttings, and cuttings gradient is
4-8 °, cuttage depth is 3-5cm, is advisable with not being inserted through seedbed yellow soil cladding thickness；Cutting density is spacing in the rows 8-12cm, line-spacing
10-15cm, cutting time are the 6-7 month or the 9-10 month.Cutting time inserts best, cuttage root-taking morning, rooting rate with the summer of the 6-7 month
It is high.
Further, the S4 seedlings plugging is taken root period management, is stamped the shading shed of sunshade net including setting up and is carried out at shading
Reason influences to take root in order to avoid sun meal with wine hurts cuttings.The sunshade net, light transmittance≤15%.
Further, the S4 seedlings plugging is taken root period management, further includes: is sprinkled profoundly water in time after cuttage primary；Seedbed moisturizing
Processing；Sterilizing disease-preventing processing.
Further, seedbed moisturizing processing, to set up plastic film arched shed closing covering seedbed, to do sth. in advance skewer
Rootage duration is inserted, the plastic film thickness 4-6S should not use blocked up plastic film.
Further, sterilizing disease-preventing processing, it is later every to carry out comprehensive sterilization with carbendazim on the day of cuttage
The fungicide such as Mancozeb, carbendazim alternately were sprayed again every 15-20 days, prevents seedlings plugging from catching an illness, influences rootability.Difference sterilization
Agent is used alternatingly, in order to avoid generate drug resistance.
Further, the S5 seedlings plugging manages after taking root, comprising: takes off film；Water and fertilizer management；It transplants seedlings and is out of the garden.
Further, described to take off film, it is to insert 60 days afterwards in the summer of 6-7 month, cuttings is all taken root；Or the autumn sowing of the 9-10 month
90 days afterwards, cuttings will largely take root, and regeneration is about 1 month, can take off film light transmission growth.Preferably, first opening arch membrane two
End, takes off film after allowing its gravity-flow ventilation 3-5 days again；Into November, after hot weather, sunshade net is removed in time, receives seedlings plugging
Full exposure.
Further, the water and fertilizer management reinforces the water and fertilizer management of cuttage seeding, in due course after taking off film light transmission growth
Foliar fertilizer or liquid fertilizer are sprayed, and pulls out garden ground weeds in time, promotes seedlings plugging growth.Preferably, seedlings plugging is taken root after taking off film,
1 time 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or the urea solution of 1-2% were sprayed every 10-15 days, when nursery stock is long to 30cm high or more
When, a small amount of compound fertilizer can be spread fertilizer over the fields in rainy days, promote seedlings plugging growth.
Further, described transplant seedlings is out of the garden, the next winter after inserting, nursery stock it is long to height of seedling about 1m high when, transplant seedlings out
Garden afforestation moves 50% or more thin planting, is conducive to further cultivate big specification seedling.
The utility model has the advantages that
(1) present invention can reduce by 50% or more seedling cost.First is that utilizing the distinctive soil physical chemistry in Red Soil Region of South China
Shape advantage, gathers materials on the spot and makees cutting medium using yellow soil, eliminates from the north and buys the great number that peat soil is used as cutting medium
Cost；Second is that Seedlings nursery do not have to build full light automatic irrigation facilities and equipment, it is only necessary to build the simple seedling raisings such as arched shed and shading screen
Facility reduces culture facility investment and maintenance cost；Third is that can stay garden cultivation 1 year or more, it is not required to carry out seedling transplanting work
Sequence saves 1 cost of transplanting seedlings.
(2) present invention can be shortened seedling raise period, improve 10% or more cuttage seeding outplanting rate.It carries out by means of the present invention
Middle mountain China fir cuttage and seedling culture, nursery stock cuttage are taken root substantially in 60 days, and rooting rate is not required to transplant seedlings immediately after taking root up to 80% or more,
Reduce a seedling damage chance, 10% or more cuttage seeding outplanting rate can be improved, grow after staying garden to cultivate 1 year again to height of seedling
When about 1m, the nursery stock of can be out of the garden afforestation or 50% or more transplanting is afforested with cultivating big specification seedling for afforestation.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated combined with specific embodiments below, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
The method is conventional method unless otherwise instructed.The raw material can obtain unless otherwise instructed from public commercial source
?.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method at low cost, outplanting rate is high, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 prepares to garden
A. it selects to garden: having selected to cuttage and seedling culture garden sufficient water source to pour, certain loose rice field of fertile soil.
B. make bed: by the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, being smashed soil with rotary cultivator, mu applies 75 jin of calcium magnesium phosphate and makees base manure, sprays simultaneously
1000 times of liquid of 2% ferrous sulfate fungicide and 90% trichlorphon carry out sterilization and insect prevention processing；Sunning after a week, then is turned over
Hack 1 time, high bed is done, bedside 1.0m, ditch depth 30cm, length is depending on nursery actual conditions.
C. seedbed sterilization and disinfection: after seedbed performs, spraying fungicide is that 2% potassium permanganate carries out sterilizing to soil
Processing.
D. it covers yellow soil: after site preparation makees bed, acquiring fresh yellow soil from nursery surrounding area, avoid the sticky gold zone of choosing weight
Soil, it is desirable that excavation yellow-red soil of the 30cm or more containing grittiness.If the yellow soil viscosity weight of acquisition, can suitably admix 10-15%
Perlite, increase the permeability of cutting medium.It is layered on slotting machine after yellow soil acquisition in inserting first 5 days, thickness about 5cm, in case of skewer
It inserts.
Step 2, cutting preparation
A. cutting source: in cuttage current year 2-3 month, mountain China fir side shoot in cutting orchard and caulody are all wiped out, to branch
After growing 3-4 months, can therefrom mountain China fir close to trunk position clip cuttings.Scion-seed tree can be protected in this way and produced more
Fringe bar.
B. fringe bar is fresh-keeping with transport: generally, answering cuttage complete on the day of the fringe bar of same day clip, if the fringe bar of same day clip
It has not inserted, can suitably spray a little clear water and moisturizing, fresh-keeping is carried out to fringe bar, and be placed in shady place.
C. cuttings clip: in cuttage early morning on the same day, therefrom the current year of the thick 0.4cm of clip diameter raw half is wooden in mountain China fir cutting orchard
Change branch and makees cuttings.The fringe bar of cuttage is needed all to acquire the same day before 10 points of the morning.10cm cuttings is made after fringe bar acquisition,
The branches and leaves of fringe bar base portion are all wiped out, and are bandaged with rubber band by 100/bundle.
D. cuttings is handled: the cuttings item bandaged is placed in the rooting agent solution containing 0.75 ‰ fast-growing roots prepared
In, soaking time about 30 minutes, soaking depth 2cm.
Step 3, cuttage
A. cutting time: cutting time is June 20 to July 20.
B. cuttage depth: cuttage depth is 4cm, is advisable with not penetrating yellow soil cladding thickness.
C. cutting density: cutting density is 50,000 plants/acre, and wherein spacing in the rows is 8cm, line-spacing 12cm.
D. cottage method: according to designed cutting density, equably oblique cutting enters on seedbed, and cuttings gradient is about 6 °.
Step 4, seedlings plugging are taken root period management
A. it sets up plastic canopy: sprinkling profoundly water in time primary after cuttage, while being barricaded as with the plastic agricultural film of thickness 5S
Between the arched shed covering seedbed of high about 50cm carry out moisturizing, humid control is 80% or so in arched shed.With backsight slotting machine dry and wet situation,
Moisturizing of pouring water is carried out in due course.When pouring water, water logging should not be expired slotting machine, to there is 2/3 to cross water area in ditch.
B. set up shading shed: the sunshade net that high about 2m is built above plastic canopy shades, the light transmittance of sunshade net
≤ 15%, in order to avoid sun meal with wine hurts cuttings, influence to take root.
C. sterilizing disease-preventing: seedlings plugging is easily caught an illness in totally enclosed plastic film, it should be noted that seedling stage diseases prevention can work as in cuttage
It carries out comprehensive sterilization with carbendazim, alternately sprayed the fungicide such as Mancozeb, carbendazim again every 7-10 days later, prevents from inserting
Seedling is caught an illness, and rootability is influenced.Fungicide is sprayed in the arched shed put up, and after spraying every time, arched shed should have been answered position, used hack
It is compacted the film on four side of slotting machine, in order to avoid arched shed is ventilative, reduces insulating power.
Step 5, seedlings plugging manage after taking root
A. take off film: 60 days after inserting, cuttings will all take root；Regeneration is about 1 month, can take off film light transmission growth.When taking off film
Arch membrane both ends are first opened, take off film again after allowing its gravity-flow ventilation 4 days；Into November, after hot weather, sunshade net is removed in time,
Seedlings plugging is set to receive full exposure.
B. water and fertilizer management: after taking off film light transmission growth, the water and fertilizer management of Ying Jiaqiang cuttage seeding, and it is miscellaneous on the ground to pull out garden in time
Grass can spray 1 time 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% urea solution, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 10 days or so
Solution, when nursery stock it is long to 20cm high or more when, a small amount of compound fertilizer can be spread fertilizer over the fields in rainy days, promotion seedlings plugging is grown.
C. transplant seedlings and be out of the garden: the seedling of current year cuttage root-taking, root system is short and small and fine tender, and transplanting success can reduce.If moving
It plants, can at least damage 10% or more seedling, and after transplanting, growth slows down, and increases management difficulty.Therefore, this test is adopted
It takes and is transplanted again after staying garden to cultivate 1 year, nursery stock can grow supreme about 1m, at this point, seedling root is flourishing and sturdy, can greatly improve shifting
Plant survival rate.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method at low cost, outplanting rate is high, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 prepares to garden
A. it selects to garden: having selected to cuttage and seedling culture garden sufficient water source to pour, certain loose rice field of fertile soil.
B. make bed: by the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, being smashed soil with rotary cultivator, mu applies 50 jin of calcium magnesium phosphate and makees base manure, sprays simultaneously
1000 times of liquid of 1-3% potassium permanganate bactericide and 90% trichlorphon carry out sterilization and insect prevention processing；Sunning after a week, then is turned over
It ploughs hack 1 time, does high bed, bedside 1.0m, ditch depth 30cm, length is depending on nursery actual conditions.
C. seedbed sterilization and disinfection: after seedbed performs, spraying fungicide carries out sterilization to soil for 1-3% potassium permanganate and disappears
Poison processing.
D. it covers yellow soil: after site preparation makees bed, acquiring fresh yellow soil from nursery surrounding area, avoid the sticky gold zone of choosing weight
Soil, it is desirable that excavation yellow-red soil of the 30cm or more containing grittiness.If the yellow soil viscosity weight of acquisition, can suitably admix 10-15%
Perlite, increase the permeability of cutting medium.It is layered on slotting machine after yellow soil acquisition in inserting first 3 days, thickness about 5cm, in case of skewer
It inserts.
Step 2, cutting preparation
A. cutting source: in cuttage current year 2-3 month, mountain China fir side shoot in cutting orchard and caulody are all wiped out, to branch
After growing 3-4 months, therefrom mountain China fir is close to trunk position clip cuttings.Scion-seed tree can be protected in this way and produce fringe more
Item.
B. fringe bar is fresh-keeping with transport: answer cuttage complete on the day of the fringe bar of same day clip, if the fringe bar of same day clip has not been inserted,
A little clear water can suitably be sprayed, moisturizing, fresh-keeping is carried out to fringe bar, and be placed in shady place.
C. cuttings clip: in cuttage early morning on the same day, therefrom the current year of the thick 0.25cm of clip diameter particle size is raw in mountain China fir cutting orchard
Semi-lignified branch makees cuttings.Should be needed the fringe bar of cuttage all to acquire before 10 points of the morning on the same day.It is made after fringe bar acquisition
The branches and leaves of 8cm cuttings, fringe bar base portion should be wiped out all, be bandaged with rubber band by 100/bundle.
D. cuttings is handled: the root-growing agent for ‰ methyl α-naphthyl acetate containing 0.5-1.0 that the cuttings item bandaged merging has been prepared is molten
In liquid, soaking time about 20 minutes, soaking depth 1cm.
Step 3, cuttage
A. cutting time: cutting time is September 20 days to October 20.
B. cuttage depth: cuttage depth is 3cm, is advisable with not penetrating yellow soil cladding thickness.
C. cutting density: cutting density is 40,000 plants/acre, and wherein spacing in the rows is 8cm, line-spacing 12cm.
D. cottage method: according to designed cutting density, equably oblique cutting enters on seedbed, and cuttings gradient is about 4 °.
Step 4, seedlings plugging are taken root period management
A. it sets up plastic canopy: sprinkling profoundly water in time primary after cuttage, while being barricaded as with the plastic agricultural film of thickness 6S
Between high about 50cm arched shed covering seedbed carry out moisturizing, it is desirable that humid control is 80% or so in arched shed.With backsight slotting machine dry and wet
Situation carries out moisturizing of pouring water in due course.When pouring water, water logging should not be expired slotting machine, to there is 2/3 to cross water area in ditch.
B. set up shading shed: the sunshade net that high about 2m is built above plastic canopy shades, the light transmittance of sunshade net
≤ 15%.
C. sterilizing disease-preventing: carrying out comprehensive sterilization with carbendazim on the day of cuttage, alternately sprayed Dai Sen again every 15 days later
The fungicide such as MnZn-carbendazim.Fungicide is sprayed in the arched shed put up, and after spraying every time, arched shed should have been answered position, used hack
It is compacted the film on four side of slotting machine, in order to avoid arched shed is ventilative, reduces insulating power.
Step 5, seedlings plugging manage after taking root
A. take off film: 90 days after autumn sowing, cuttings will largely take root；Regeneration is about 1 month, and openable arch membrane both ends allow
Its gravity-flow ventilation；Into December, arch membrane can be removed, sunshade net is removed, seedlings plugging is made to receive full exposure.
B. water and fertilizer management: after taking off film light transmission growth, the water and fertilizer management of Ying Jiaqiang cuttage seeding, and it is miscellaneous on the ground to pull out garden in time
Grass can spray the urea solution of 1 1-2% every 10 days or so, when nursery stock it is long to 20cm high or more when, can spread fertilizer over the fields and lack in rainy days
The compound fertilizer of amount promotes seedlings plugging growth.
C. transplant seedlings and be out of the garden: the seedling taken root for Autumn Cutting, root system development are not very completely that transplanting success is with respect to the summer
The seedling of season cuttage will be greatly reduced.Therefore, it is transplanted again after garden need to be stayed to cultivate 1 year, nursery stock can grow supreme about 1m, at this point, nursery stock
Well developed root system and sturdy, can greatly improve transplanting success.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method at low cost, outplanting rate is high, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 prepares to garden
A. it selects to garden: having selected to cuttage and seedling culture garden sufficient water source to pour, certain loose rice field of fertile soil.
B. make bed: by the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, being smashed soil with rotary cultivator, mu applies 100 jin of calcium magnesium phosphate and makees base manure, sprays simultaneously
1000 times of liquid of 1-3% ferrous sulfate fungicide and 90% trichlorphon carry out sterilization and insect prevention processing；Sunning after a week, then is turned over
It ploughs hack 1 time, does high bed, bedside 1.0m, ditch depth 30cm, length is depending on nursery actual conditions.
C. seedbed sterilization and disinfection: after seedbed performs, spraying fungicide is that 3% potassium permanganate carries out sterilizing to soil
Processing.
D. it covers yellow soil: after site preparation makees bed, acquiring fresh yellow soil from nursery surrounding area, avoid the sticky gold zone of choosing weight
Soil, it is desirable that excavation yellow-red soil of the 30cm or more containing grittiness.It is layered on slotting machine after yellow soil acquisition in inserting first 7 days, thickness about 5cm, with
Standby cuttage.
Step 2, cutting preparation
A. cutting source: the clip cuttings from the mountain the 3-8 Nian Shengzhong China fir elite stand near the ground of cuttage and seedling culture garden.
B. fringe bar is fresh-keeping with transport: answer cuttage complete on the day of the fringe bar of same day clip, if the fringe bar of same day clip has not been inserted,
A little clear water can suitably be sprayed, moisturizing, fresh-keeping is carried out to fringe bar, and be placed in shady place.
C. cuttings clip: in cuttage early morning on the same day, the current year of the thick 0.5cm of clip diameter is raw from the China fir elite stand of the mountain 3-8 Nian Shengzhong
Semi-lignified branch makees cuttings.Should be needed the fringe bar of cuttage all to acquire before 10 points of the morning on the same day.It is made after fringe bar acquisition
The branches and leaves of 12cm cuttings, fringe bar base portion should be wiped out all, be bandaged with rubber band by 100/bundle.
D. cuttings is handled: the root-growing agent for the ‰ fast-growing root containing 0.5-1.0 that the cuttings item bandaged merging has been prepared is molten
In liquid, soaking time about 40 minutes, soaking depth 3cm.
Step 3, cuttage
A. cutting time: cutting time is June 20 to July 20.
B. cuttage depth: cuttage depth is 4.8cm, is advisable with not penetrating yellow soil cladding thickness.
C. cutting density: cutting density is 60,000 plants/acre, and wherein spacing in the rows is 8cm, line-spacing 12cm.
D. cottage method: according to designed cutting density, equably oblique cutting enters on seedbed, and cuttings gradient is about 8 °.
Step 4, seedlings plugging are taken root period management
A. it sets up plastic canopy: sprinkling profoundly water in time primary after cuttage, while being barricaded as with the plastic agricultural film of thickness 4S
Between high about 50cm arched shed covering seedbed carry out moisturizing, it is desirable that humid control is 80% or so in arched shed.After, depending on slotting machine dry and wet
Situation carries out moisturizing of pouring water in due course.When pouring water, water logging should not be expired slotting machine, to there is 2/3 to cross water area in ditch.
B. set up shading shed: the sunshade net that high about 2m is built above plastic canopy shades, the light transmittance of sunshade net
≤ 15%, in order to avoid sun meal with wine hurts cuttings, influence to take root.
C. sterilizing disease-preventing: carrying out comprehensive sterilization with carbendazim on the day of cuttage, alternately sprayed Dai Sen again every 20 days later
The fungicide such as MnZn, carbendazim, prevent seedlings plugging from catching an illness, and influence rootability.A duck eye is opened above arched shed, is sprayed with sprayer
It applies, after fungicide sprays, is sealed with adhesive tape.
Step 5, seedlings plugging manage after taking root
A. take off film: 60 days after inserting, cuttings will all take root；Regeneration is about 1 month, can take off film light transmission growth.When taking off film
Arch membrane both ends are first opened, take off film again after allowing its gravity-flow ventilation 5 days；Into November, after hot weather, sunshade net is removed in time,
Seedlings plugging is set to receive full exposure.
B. water and fertilizer management: after taking off film light transmission growth, the water and fertilizer management of Ying Jiaqiang cuttage seeding, and it is miscellaneous on the ground to pull out garden in time
Grass can spray 1 time 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 15 days, when nursery stock it is long to 20cm high or more when, can be spread in rainy days
A small amount of compound fertilizer is applied, seedlings plugging growth is promoted.
C. transplant seedlings and be out of the garden: the seedling of current year cuttage root-taking, root system is short and small and fine tender, and transplanting success can reduce.If moving
It plants, can at least damage 10% or more seedling, and after transplanting, growth slows down, and increases management difficulty.Therefore, this test is adopted
It takes and is transplanted again after staying garden to cultivate 1 year, nursery stock can grow supreme about 1m, at this point, seedling root is flourishing and sturdy, can greatly improve shifting
Plant survival rate.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but it is merely an example, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
It is formed on above description specific embodiment.To those skilled in the art, the equivalent modifications and replace that any couple of present invention carries out
In generation, is also all among scope of the invention.Therefore, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention made by equal transformation and repair
Change, all covers within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method at low cost, outplanting rate is high, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included: S1
Prepare to garden；S2 cutting preparation；S3 cuttage；S4 seedlings plugging is taken root period management；S5 seedlings plugging manages after taking root；The garden S1 it is quasi-
Standby, cutting medium is to gather materials on the spot using yellow soil, i.e., the layer overlay on the seedbed for having been subjected to sterilizing deinsectization processing
The yellow soil of thickness about 5cm is in case cuttage.
2. the middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method that one kind according to claim 1 is at low cost, outplanting rate is high, feature exist
In: prepared by the S2 cutting, the current year in selection in the China fir elite stand of mountain, raw semi-lignified stalwartness branch made cuttings, and worked as in cuttage
Its early morning clip, cuttings are placed in the rooting agent solution prepared, and soaking time about 20-40 minutes, soaking depth 1-3cm.
3. the middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method that one kind according to claim 2 is at low cost, outplanting rate is high, feature exist
In: the cuttings, the thick 0.25-0.5cm of cuttings diameter, length 8-12cm.
4. the middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method that one kind according to claim 1 is at low cost, outplanting rate is high, feature exist
In: the S3 cuttage, cottage method are that equably oblique cutting enters on seedbed by cuttings, and cuttings gradient is 4-8 °, cuttage depth
For 3-5cm, it is advisable with not being inserted through seedbed yellow soil cladding thickness, cutting density is spacing in the rows 8-12cm, line-spacing 10-15cm, cuttage
Time is the 6-7 month or the 9-10 month.
5. the middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method that one kind according to claim 1 is at low cost, outplanting rate is high, feature exist
It takes root period management in: the S4 seedlings plugging, is stamped the shading shed of sunshade net including setting up and carries out shading treatment；The sunshade
Net, light transmittance≤15%.
6. the middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method that one kind according to claim 5 is at low cost, outplanting rate is high, feature exist
It takes root period management in, the S4 seedlings plugging, further includes: sprinkled profoundly water in time after cuttage primary；Seedbed moisturizing processing；At sterilizing disease-preventing
Reason.
7. the middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method that one kind according to claim 6 is at low cost, outplanting rate is high, feature exist
In: the seedbed moisturizing processing, to set up plastic film arched shed closing covering seedbed, the plastic film thickness 4-6S.
8. the middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method that one kind according to claim 6 is at low cost, outplanting rate is high, feature exist
In: the sterilizing disease-preventing processing replaced every 15-20 days again later to carry out comprehensive sterilization with carbendazim on the day of cuttage
Spray the fungicide such as Mancozeb, carbendazim.
9. the middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method that one kind according to claim 1 is at low cost, outplanting rate is high, feature exist
In the S5 seedlings plugging manages after taking root, comprising: takes off film；Water and fertilizer management；It transplants seedlings and is out of the garden.
The middle mountain China fir crop field cuttage and seedling culture method that 10. one kind according to claim 9 is at low cost, outplanting rate is high, feature
Be, described transplanting seedlings is out of the garden, the next winter after inserting, nursery stock it is long to height of seedling about 1m high when, transplant seedlings and be out of the garden afforestation or move thin planting
50% or more.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111758529A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-13 | 江苏省弶港农场有限公司 | Cuttage seedling raising method for taxus chinensis in greenhouse container and medium |
| CN113367043A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-09-10 | 吉安市林业科学研究所 | Sequoia tsugae cutting medium and seedling raising method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103404355A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-11-27 | 贵州科学院 | Field cutting seedling raising method of Zelkovaschneideriana twigs |
| CN106416915A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-02-22 | 广西壮族自治区南宁良凤江国家森林公园 | Crown centralization cutting seedling method for parashorea chinensis wang hsie. |
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- 2019-06-26 CN CN201910557796.3A patent/CN110122086A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103404355A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-11-27 | 贵州科学院 | Field cutting seedling raising method of Zelkovaschneideriana twigs |
| CN106416915A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-02-22 | 广西壮族自治区南宁良凤江国家森林公园 | Crown centralization cutting seedling method for parashorea chinensis wang hsie. |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111758529A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-13 | 江苏省弶港农场有限公司 | Cuttage seedling raising method for taxus chinensis in greenhouse container and medium |
| CN113367043A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-09-10 | 吉安市林业科学研究所 | Sequoia tsugae cutting medium and seedling raising method thereof |
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