CN110024610A - A kind of ternary preserving soil moisture method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system - Google Patents
A kind of ternary preserving soil moisture method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110024610A CN110024610A CN201910414883.3A CN201910414883A CN110024610A CN 110024610 A CN110024610 A CN 110024610A CN 201910414883 A CN201910414883 A CN 201910414883A CN 110024610 A CN110024610 A CN 110024610A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ternary preserving soil moisture method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system, the method steps are as follows: one, size as needed digs cave hole, long-term cropping before the planting；Two, before rainy season set 2-3 days every group of agroforest system using perennial crop as at center radius about 20cm dig width 5-7cm, the circular groove of deep 10-15cm, by water-retaining agent with soil by 1:1000(mass ratio) it uniformly mixes, one group of 30-40g water-retaining agent, then the soil of one layer of 5cm thickness is covered on it；Three, one layer of stalk or leaf or stone are covered on upper soll layer；Four, when the weather for encountering Continuous Drought should suitably water, until water-retaining agent be saturated with and until, provide water source for later period soil water supply.Natural precipitation can be effectively accumulated, underground water is kept, comprehensively utilizes water and soil resources, improves efficiency of water application, it is ensured that water energy meets the normal growth demand of crops, increasing both production and income remarkable benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preserving soil moisture method more particularly to a kind of ternary of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system soil
Earth method for preserving soil moisture belongs to field test detection technique field.
Background technique
Agroforest system also known as farm forestry, agroforestry, forestry management etc., concept saying is more, relatively generally acknowledges
One is " agroforest system is the general term for illustrating land use and method, on this soil, perennial woody plant
Object, as crops (or livestock), with different space arrangement and time series, in the culture of same soil, each section
Between have ecology and economic link ".
The Karst region rain hot same period, rainfall is abundant, and soluble fracture is distributed more widely, dissolves and invades for a long time through rainwater
Erosion, to form its unique " earth's surface-underground " dual structure, moisture leakage is serious, and utilization rate of fertilizer substantially reduces.In this way
Under environment, crops need water that can not ensure, especially spring drought season, rainfall is less, water shortage, and agricultural is impaired serious, harvest
Fall sharply, revenue decline, local economic development is slow, and people reclaim wasteland, and bring a series of environment to increase income
Problem then falls into the vicious circle of " more poor more cultivate, the more cultivate the more poor ".And when very heavy rains, shallow soil layer is washed away, and is made
At serious soil erosion, the exposed rate of rock rises, and ecological environment further deteriorates.A series of this problem seriously constrains
The scale enlargement of Karst Rocky Desertification Region farm forestry, efficiently plantation and popularization demonstration.At present to Karst Rocky Desertification Region
The preserving soil moisture technology and method of agroforest system have not been reported, while other plant and the method for preserving soil moisture in area are not suitable for karst
The plantation of regional agroforest system.Therefore research is suitable for the preserving soil moisture technology and method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system, no
Problem of environmental pollution caused by laying plastic, crop straw burning or leaf etc. can only be reduced, meanwhile, reduce management cost, change give up into
It protects, it is economical and practical, for developing and promoting in area's large area, meanwhile, have great importance for the prevention and treatment of stony desertification.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is providing a kind of ternary preserving soil moisture of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system
Method can largely collect precipitation by cave hole+water-retaining agent+stalk/leaf/stone tertiary mode, store moisture, reduce and seep
Leakage increases utilization rate of fertilizer, reduces the soil moisture, evaporation is reduced, to have the function that retain and conserve soil moisture.And stalk etc. covers
Object can avoid raindrop and directly beat in upper soll layer, buffer raindrop kinetic energy, reduces to swash and splash, hinders water flow, reduce runoff, alleviate soil
Soil erosion harm.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of ternary preserving soil moisture method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system, described
Method and step are as follows: one, size as needed digs cave hole, long-term cropping before the planting；Two, the 2- before rainy season set
3 days in every group of agroforest system using perennial crop as digging width 5-7cm, the circular groove of deep 10-15cm, by water-retaining agent at the radius 20cm of center
With soil by 1:1000(mass ratio) uniformly mix, every group with 30-40g water-retaining agent, then cover on it the thick soil of one layer of 5cm with
Water-retaining agent is avoided directly to contact with atmosphere；Three, one layer of stalk or leaf or stone are covered on upper soll layer；Four, when encounter connect
Continue arid weather should suitably water, until water-retaining agent be saturated with and until, provide water source for later period soil water supply.
In the step 1, the specification in cave hole is diameter 25-35cm, deep 20cm.
In the step 2, group is referred to centered on perennial crop, perennial crop surrounding plant 1 year or
Perennial plant, shape are that the circle of radius 1m or 1m multiply the rectangular of 1m.
In the step 3, the diameter of stone is 5-10cm, is paved with entire kind of plant hole, rock layer with a thickness of 5cm.
In the step 3, stalk, which is laid with, is cut into 50cm or so for corn stover or rice straw, is placed on kind of a plant hole, thick
Degree is 5cm.
In the step 3, fallen leaves are laid with and gather materials on the spot, and choose the fallen leaves of diameter 5-10cm, are paved with entire kind of plant hole, thick
Degree is 5cm.
The stalk and fallen leaves, which need to be sprayed with liquor potassic permanganate before laying, carries out sterilizing.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
One, the material that preserving soil moisture is utilized belongs to the local resource of one's native land possessed, and the utilization of stalk reduces due to burning
The atmosphere polluting problem of generation, leaf are easy to get, stone, especially the more place of rock exposure, can also largely be obtained, will
These material applications are economical and practical in agroforest system preserving soil moisture, work well, and can reduce because laying plastic is to soil ring
It is endangered caused by border and crops.
Two, stalk/leaf/stone that preserving soil moisture is utilized can effectively reduce the soil moisture, inhibit soil evaporativeness,
Improve the utilization efficiency of soil moisture, improve soil storage, thus plays drought resistance function.
Three, this preserving soil moisture mode makes the growing environment of plant be greatly improved, and fruit-setting rate significantly improves, under Cracking fruit
Drop is produced and is thrown than rising, income improves to increase the yield of per hectare area crop.
Four, Measures on Soil Moisture Conservation changes soil texture.Soil aggregate structure can be improved, stalk and leaf return agriculture after rotting
Field promotes the raising of soil organic matter content；Water-retaining agent water suction is expanded, and discharge water diminution, loosens soil layer, soil weight decline, hole
Gap space is reallocated, and rainfall infiltration and soil water storage ability are improved.
Five, water-retaining agent absorbable hundreds times bigger than own vol of water or even absorbable night dew, does not evaporate, not permeable
It absorbing water when leakage, rainy day or watering, when water shortage, discharges water, and 1-2 month can be delayed not have to watering, thus can reduce by 50% irrigation amount, saving
A large amount of water rate and the electricity charge, every group of agroforest system cost is at 1.2 yuan or so；Artificial 2-5 are saved, it is comprehensive per acre every year to save 200-
500 yuan；Survival rate of plant greatly improves, and reduces expense of filling the gaps with seedlings.
Six, fertilizer can be dissolved in the water and is being poured, fertilizer is stored in water-retaining agent, slow release, to avoid
The waste to fertilizer is leaked, effectively improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, and reduce the pollution to subterranean stream.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, present invention work is further retouched in detail below
It states.
Embodiment 1: a kind of ternary preserving soil moisture method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system, the method step are as follows:
One, size as needed digs cave hole, long-term cropping before the planting；Two, it is mixed at every group within 2-3 days before rainy season set
Water-retaining agent and soil are pressed 1 using perennial crop as width 5-7cm, the circular groove of deep 10-15cm is dug at the radius 20cm of center by agricultural:
1000(mass ratio) uniformly mixing, every group with 30-40g water-retaining agent, then covers the thick soil of one layer of 5cm on it to avoid water-retaining agent
It is directly contacted with atmosphere；Or water-retaining agent is applied under no condition of raining, large quantity of moisture pouring need to be carried out；Three, on upper soll layer
Cover one layer of stalk or leaf or stone；Four, when the weather for encountering Continuous Drought should suitably water, until water-retaining agent is saturated with and is
Only, water source is provided for later period soil water supply.
Further, in step 1, the specification in cave hole is diameter 25-35cm, deep 20cm.
Further, in step 2, group is referred to centered on perennial crop, plants one in the surrounding of perennial crop
Year or perennial plant, shape are that the circle of radius 1m or 1m multiply the rectangular of 1m.
Further, in step 3, the diameter of stone is 5-10cm, is paved with entire kind of plant hole, rock layer with a thickness of
5cm。
Further, in step 3, stalk, which is laid with, is cut into 50cm or so for corn stover or rice straw, is placed on plantation
Cave, with a thickness of 5cm.
Further, in step 3, fallen leaves are laid with and gather materials on the spot, and choose the fallen leaves of diameter 5-10cm, are paved with entire plantation
Cave, with a thickness of 5cm.
Further, stalk and fallen leaves, which need to be sprayed with liquor potassic permanganate before laying, carries out sterilizing.
Enforcement place: Guizhou Province, the township Bai Duo, Shibing County Rocky Desertification Control demonstration area and Zhenfeng County of Guizhou Province flower river stony desertification are controlled
Manage demonstration area.
Gold crisp pear and soybean are planted in Guizhou Province, the township Bai Duo, Shibing County Rocky Desertification Control demonstration area, and sample plot is 5 meters wide, and long 12
Rice, two pieces of total 120m of sample plot2, every piece of ground digging cave, which is cheated, plants 3 row, 2 column pear tree, and 30 row of miscegenation, 8 column soybean comes in rainy season in spring
2-3 days diggings circular grooves impose water-retaining agent before facing, when soybean it is long to 10cm high when, progress covering treatment covers duration and is generally 5-10
Month, early period, covering easily caused low temperature, was unfavorable for seed sprouting.
Place is not described in detail by the present invention, is the well-known technique of those skilled in the art of the present technique.Finally, it is stated that the above reality
It applies example to be only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it, although having carried out specifically the present invention referring to preferred embodiment
It is bright, those skilled in the art should understand that, can with modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention are made, and
The objective and range for not departing from technical solution of the present invention, are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of ternary preserving soil moisture method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system, it is characterised in that: the method step are as follows:
One, size as needed digs cave hole, long-term cropping before the planting；Two, it is mixed at every group within 2-3 days before rainy season set
Water-retaining agent and soil are pressed 1 using perennial crop as width 5-7cm, the circular groove of deep 10-15cm is dug at the radius 20cm of center by agricultural:
1000(mass ratio) uniformly mixing, every group with 30-40g water-retaining agent, then covers the thick soil of one layer of 5cm on it to avoid water-retaining agent
It is directly contacted with atmosphere；Three, one layer of stalk or leaf or stone are covered on upper soll layer；Four, when the day for encountering Continuous Drought
Gas should suitably water, until water-retaining agent be saturated with and until, provide water source for later period soil water supply.
2. the ternary preserving soil moisture method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step 1, the specification in cave hole is diameter 25-35cm, deep 20cm.
3. the ternary preserving soil moisture method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step 2, group is referred to centered on perennial crop, plants 1 year or perennial plant in the surrounding of perennial crop
Object, shape are that the circle of radius 1m or 1m multiply the rectangular of 1m.
4. the ternary preserving soil moisture method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step 3, the diameter of stone is 5-10cm, is paved with entire kind of plant hole, rock layer with a thickness of 5cm.
5. the ternary preserving soil moisture method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step 3, stalk, which is laid with, is cut into 50cm or so for corn stover or rice straw, kind of a plant hole is placed on, with a thickness of 5cm.
6. the ternary preserving soil moisture method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step 3, fallen leaves are laid with and gather materials on the spot, and choose the fallen leaves of diameter 5-10cm, entire kind of plant hole are paved with, with a thickness of 5cm.
7. the ternary preserving soil moisture method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system according to claim 5 or 6, feature exist
In: the stalk and fallen leaves need to be sprayed with liquor potassic permanganate before laying and carry out sterilizing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910414883.3A CN110024610A (en) | 2019-05-17 | 2019-05-17 | A kind of ternary preserving soil moisture method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system |
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| CN201910414883.3A CN110024610A (en) | 2019-05-17 | 2019-05-17 | A kind of ternary preserving soil moisture method of Karst Rocky Desertification Region agroforest system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110771293A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-02-11 | 安徽泓森高科林业股份有限公司 | Treatment method for rocky desertification area |
| CN111373916A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-07-07 | 云南省林业和草原科学院 | Long-acting fertilization method for apocarya for steep slope |
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2019
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| CN106234133A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-12-21 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Method is quickly built in a kind of macadimia nut early fruiting and high yield garden, Karst Rocky Desertification mountain area |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110771293A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-02-11 | 安徽泓森高科林业股份有限公司 | Treatment method for rocky desertification area |
| CN111373916A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-07-07 | 云南省林业和草原科学院 | Long-acting fertilization method for apocarya for steep slope |
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