CN109929076A - 一种pvc抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲mbs及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS及其制备方法,涉及PVC助剂生产制备技术领域,PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS由下列质量份数的各组分组成:核层结构80‑95%,壳层结构4‑20%,保护胶体0.001‑0.05%;核层结构为轻度交联的丁二烯和苯乙烯聚合物,其中,丁二烯含量为95‑100%,苯乙烯含量为0‑5%;壳层结构为苯乙烯、丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的一种或两种或三种的共聚物,其中,苯乙烯含量为0‑5%,丙烯酸酯含量为0‑2%,甲基丙烯酸甲酯含量为13‑20%;保护胶体包括聚乙烯醇、明胶和羟丙基甲基纤维素中的一种,或三者中两种或三种的复配物。本发明解决了现有MBS产品存在的抗冲击强度不高,以及后处理工艺中凝聚困难或喷雾困难的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及PVC助剂生产制备技术领域,特别涉及一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前的市场上的甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯聚合物(MBS)产品,一直存在着抗冲击强度不高的缺点,要得到更高抗冲击强度的产品,主要采取的措施包括如下几个方面:1、提高核层的丁二烯含量;2、提高核层在核壳比中的占比;3、设计合适的胶乳粒径;4、提高壳层的接枝率。理想的高抗冲击强度的实现,需要四者完美结合在一起,在以往的所有有关专利中,没有任何专利提到这一点。抗冲击强度很大一部分取决于丁二烯含量的影响,丁二烯含量较高,抗冲击强度也会相应的提高;丁二烯含量较低,抗冲击强度也会相应的降低。
目前的产品丁二烯含量低的因素主要有两点:一是内层的橡胶相中丁二烯的比例较低,一般在90%以下,如专利200610070326.7中丁苯胶乳中丁二烯含量为75~90%;二是在整个树脂中内层的橡胶含量普遍较低,一般在60-80%之间,超过80%就会存在凝聚困难或喷雾困难的情况。因此,传统生产过程通常采用两种方式来保证产品的抗冲击强度:一是降低内层的橡胶相中丁二烯的比例,一般在90%以下,使整体树脂含量中核层比例降至90%以下;二是提高内层的橡胶相中丁二烯的比例,一般在90~100%,使整体树脂含量中核层比例降至85%以下,以避免生产过程出现凝聚困难或喷雾困难的情况。如美国罗姆哈斯公司申请号为99118619.2,公开号为CN1247201A 的专利中提出:内层核层结构为轻度交联的丁二烯和苯乙烯聚合物,其中丁二烯含量为65-85%,核层占比 70-85%;外层为苯乙烯、丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的一种或两种的共聚物,占比15-35%,就是为了避免生产过程中出现凝聚困难或喷雾困难的现象。
MBS生产过程,合适的胶乳粒径可以采用连续滴加法或多步聚合法达到,采用连续滴加法危险性较高,较低的接枝率也会出现凝聚困难或喷雾困难的现象;而采用多步聚合则会降低生产效率。
本发明引进一种保护胶体,是聚乙烯醇、明胶和羟丙基甲基纤维素中的一种或者三者中两种或三者的复配物。实际生产过程中,能够在含量较少的情况下较好的保护接枝环境,使接枝更加完整,以解决后处理工艺中凝聚困难或喷雾困难的问题。
发明内容
根据现有技术中存在的技术缺陷,本发明所要解决的技术问题是:提供一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS及其制备方法,解决现有MBS产品存在的抗冲击强度不高,以及后处理工艺中凝聚困难或喷雾困难的问题。
为了实现本发明的技术目的,本发明一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS及其制备方法的技术方案是:
一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS,其特征在于:所述PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS由下列质量份数的各组分组成:核层结构80-95%,壳层结构4-20%,保护胶体0.001-0.05%;
所述核层结构为轻度交联的丁二烯和苯乙烯聚合物,其中,所述丁二烯含量为95-100%,所述苯乙烯含量为0-5%;
所述壳层结构为所述苯乙烯、丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的一种或两种或三种的共聚物,其中,所述苯乙烯含量为0-5%,所述丙烯酸酯含量为0-2%,所述甲基丙烯酸甲酯含量为13-20%;
所述保护胶体包括聚乙烯醇、明胶和羟丙基甲基纤维素中的一种,或三者中两种或三种的复配物。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述丙烯酸酯包括丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸叔丁酯、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯中的一种或几种。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS的制备具体步骤如下:
(1)在反应釜中加入配方量的水、乳化剂、所述保护胶体、碱、无机盐、分子量调节剂、交联剂、引发剂,然后关闭反应釜盖,将所述丁二烯或所述丁二烯和所述苯乙烯的混合物打入反应釜中;
(2)反应釜升温至65℃,反应约20h,当反应釜中的压力下降至0.5MPa时,将温度升高至75℃,继续反应约4h至0.1-0.2MPa,确认反应完毕,降温至65℃,反应釜恢复至常压状态;
(3)向反应釜中继续加入所述乳化剂、所述保护胶体,外层单体所述苯乙烯、所述丙烯酸酯和所述甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物,继续反应1-3h至反应完毕;
(4)出料,采用凝聚法将胶乳凝聚,然后经离心机离心后采用沸腾流化床干燥或通过高压泵进行喷雾干燥,筛分包装得到成品。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述乳化剂为烷基硫酸盐、烷基磷酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐、聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基脂肪酸酯中一种或几种,或长链烷基饱和钾皂类、长链烷基不饱和钾皂类的一种或其复合物。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述碱为氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述无机盐为氯化钠、氯化钾、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠或磷酸三钠等钠盐或钾盐。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述分子量调节剂为C4-C20的烷基硫醇。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述交联剂为二乙烯基苯、二乙烯基二丙烯酸乙二醇酯、二乙烯基二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、三乙烯基二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、四乙烯基二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、二烯丙基马来酸酯、丙烯酸烯丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙基酯二烯丙基琥珀酸酯、二烯丙基邻苯二甲酸酯中的一种或几种。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述引发剂为过硫酸盐、有机过氧化物、偶氮类化合物中的一种,或与亚硫酸盐、亚硫酸氢盐、硫代硫酸盐中的一种构成的氧化还原引发剂体系。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明的一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS及其制备方法,通过引进一种由聚乙烯醇、明胶和羟丙基甲基纤维素中的一种或者三者中两种或三者的复配物构成的保护胶体,其能在含量较少的情况下较好的保护接枝环境,使接枝更加完整,提高接枝效果,有效解决了后处理工艺中凝聚困难或喷雾困难的情况。
本发明得到的PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS产品解决了现有甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯聚合物(MBS)产品存在的抗冲击强度受丁二烯含量影响巨大的缺点,大大提高产品的抗冲击强度,增强产品实用性能。
具体实施方式
为对本发明有益效果作进一步阐述,进行了大量试验,特别说明的是,本发明试验旨在说明本发明技术的有益效果,绝不仅限于本发明的范围。
实施例1
(1)在反应釜中加入配方量的水、乳化剂、保护胶体(单体的0.01%重量份)碱、无机盐、分子量调节剂、交联剂、引发剂,然后关闭反应釜盖,将丁二烯打入反应釜中;
(2)反应釜升温至65℃,反应约20h,当反应釜中的压力下降至0.5MPa时,将温度升高至75℃,继续反应约4h至0.1-0.2MPa,确认反应完毕,降温至65℃,反应釜恢复至常压状态,内层占比为80%;
(3)向反应釜中继续加入乳化剂、保护胶体(单体的0.01%重量份),外层单体苯乙烯(4.0%)、丙烯酸酯(2.0%)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物(14%),继续反应1-3h至反应完毕,外层占比为20%;
(4)出料,采用凝聚法将胶乳凝聚,然后经离心机离心后采用沸腾流化床干燥或通过高压泵进行喷雾干燥,筛分包装得到成品。
实施例2
将实施例1中步骤(1)纯丁二烯变更为丁二烯/苯乙烯为97/3,其余条件同实施例1。
实施例3
将实施例1中步骤(1)纯丁二烯变更为丁二烯/苯乙烯为95/5,其余条件同实施例1。
实施例4
将实施例1中步骤(2)内层占比为80%变更为内层占比为85%,步骤(3)外层占比为20%变更为外层占比为15%,其余同实施例1。
实施例5
将实施例1中步骤(1)纯丁二烯变更为丁二烯/苯乙烯为97/3,步骤(2)内层占比为80%变更为内层占比为85%,步骤(3)外层占比为20%变更为外层占比为15%,其余同实施例1。
实施例6
将实施例1中步骤(1)纯丁二烯变更为丁二烯/苯乙烯为95/5,步骤(2)内层占比为80%变更为内层占比为85%,步骤(3)外层占比为20%变更为外层占比为15%,其余同实施例1。
实施例7
将实施例1中步骤(2)内层占比为80%变更为内层占比为90%,步骤(3)外层占比为20%变更为外层占比为10%,其余同实施例1。
实施例8
将实施例1中步骤(1)纯丁二烯变更为丁二烯/苯乙烯为97/3,将实施例1中步骤(2)内层占比为80%变更为内层占比为90%,步骤(3)外层占比为20%变更为外层占比为10%,其余同实施例1。
实施例9
将实施例1中步骤(1)纯丁二烯变更为丁二烯/苯乙烯为95/5,将实施例1中步骤(2)内层占比为80%变更为内层占比为90%,步骤(3)外层占比为20%变更为外层占比为10%,其余同实施例1。
实施例10
将实施例1中步骤(2)内层占比为80%变更为内层占比为95%,步骤(3)外层占比为20%变更为外层占比为15%,其余同实施例1。
实施例11
将实施例1中步骤(1)纯丁二烯变更为丁二烯/苯乙烯为97/3,将实施例1中步骤(2)内层占比为80%变更为内层占比为95%,步骤(3)外层占比为20%变更为外层占比为15%,其余同实施例1。
实施例12
将实施例1中步骤(1)纯丁二烯变更为丁二烯/苯乙烯为95/5,将实施例1中步骤(2)内层占比为80%变更为内层占比为95%,步骤(3)外层占比为20%变更为外层占比为15%,其余同实施例1。
实施例13
将实施例1中步骤(3)外层单体分别变更为苯乙烯(1.0%)、丙烯酸酯(0.5%)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物(18.5%),其余同实施例1。
实施例14
将实施例2中步骤(3)外层单体分别变更为苯乙烯(1.0%)、丙烯酸酯(0.5%)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物(18.5%),其余同实施例2。
实施例15
将实施例3中步骤(3)外层单体分别变更为苯乙烯(1.0%)、丙烯酸酯(0.5%)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物(18.5%),其余同实施例3。
实施例16
将实施例4中步骤(3)外层单体分别变更为苯乙烯(1.0%)、丙烯酸酯(0.5%)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物(18.5%),其余同实施例4。
实施例17
将实施例5中步骤(3)外层单体分别变更为苯乙烯(1.0%)、丙烯酸酯(0.5%)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物(18.5%),其余同实施例5。
实施例18
将实施例6中步骤(3)外层单体分别变更为苯乙烯(1.0%)、丙烯酸酯(0.5%)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物(18.5%),其余同实施例6。
实施例19
将实施例7中步骤(3)外层单体分别变更为苯乙烯(1.0%)、丙烯酸酯(0.5%)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物(18.5%),其余同实施例7。
实施例20
将实施例8中步骤(3)外层单体分别变更为苯乙烯(1.0%)、丙烯酸酯(0.5%)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物(18.5%),其余同实施例8。
实施例21
将实施例9中步骤(3)外层单体分别变更为苯乙烯(1.0%)、丙烯酸酯(0.5%)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物(18.5%),其余同实施例9。
实施例22
将实施例10中步骤(3)外层单体分别变更为苯乙烯(1.0%)、丙烯酸酯(0.5%)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物(18.5%),其余同实施例10。
实施例23
将实施例11中步骤(3)外层单体分别变更为苯乙烯(1.0%)、丙烯酸酯(0.5%)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物(18.5%),其余同实施例11。
实施例24
将实施例12中步骤(3)外层单体分别变更为苯乙烯(1.0%)、丙烯酸酯(0.5%)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物(18.5%),其余同实施例12。
比较例1
去掉实施例1中步骤(1)、步骤(3)的保护胶体,其余同实施例1。
比较例2
去掉实施例4中步骤(1)、步骤(3)的保护胶体,其余同实施例4。
比较例3
去掉实施例7中步骤(1)、步骤(3)的保护胶体,其余同实施例7。
比较例4
去掉实施例10中步骤(1)、步骤(3)的保护胶体,其余同实施例10。
本发明实施例所得的PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS与对比例所得的产品的性能对比结果,如下表:
备注:
1、比较例由于颗粒度比较大,不易分散,测试时将其粉碎后过20目筛后进行;
2、表中用到的抗冲击强度的配方如下:PVC 为100份、有机锡为1.2份、轻钙为12份、DL-74为0.6份、石蜡为0.6份、硬脂酸钙为0.9份、二氧化钛为10份、MBS为8份。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较好实施例,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,任何未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实例所作的任何简单修改、变换材料等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS,其特征在于:所述PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS由下列质量份数的各组分组成:核层结构80-95%,壳层结构4-20%,保护胶体0.001-0.05%;
所述核层结构为轻度交联的丁二烯和苯乙烯聚合物,其中,所述丁二烯含量为95-100%,所述苯乙烯含量为0-5%;
所述壳层结构为所述苯乙烯、丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的一种或两种或三种的共聚物,其中,所述苯乙烯含量为0-5%,所述丙烯酸酯含量为0-2%,所述甲基丙烯酸甲酯含量为13-20%;
所述保护胶体包括聚乙烯醇、明胶和羟丙基甲基纤维素中的一种,或三者中两种或三种的复配物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS,其特征在于:所述丙烯酸酯包括丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸叔丁酯、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS的制备方法,其特征在于:所述PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS的制备具体步骤如下:
(1)在反应釜中加入配方量的水、乳化剂、所述保护胶体、碱、无机盐、分子量调节剂、交联剂、引发剂,然后关闭反应釜盖,将所述丁二烯或所述丁二烯和所述苯乙烯的混合物打入反应釜中;
(2)反应釜升温至65℃,反应约20h,当反应釜中的压力下降至0.5MPa时,将温度升高至75℃,继续反应约4h至0.1-0.2MPa,确认反应完毕,降温至65℃,反应釜恢复至常压状态;
(3)向反应釜中继续加入所述乳化剂、所述保护胶体,外层单体所述苯乙烯、所述丙烯酸酯和所述甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物,继续反应1-3h至反应完毕;
(4)出料,采用凝聚法将胶乳凝聚,然后经离心机离心后采用沸腾流化床干燥或通过高压泵进行喷雾干燥,筛分包装得到成品。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS的制备方法,其特征在于:所述乳化剂为烷基硫酸盐、烷基磷酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐、聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基脂肪酸酯中一种或几种,或长链烷基饱和钾皂类、长链烷基不饱和钾皂类的一种或其复合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS的制备方法,其特征在于:所述碱为氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS的制备方法,其特征在于:所述无机盐为氯化钠、氯化钾、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠或磷酸三钠等钠盐或钾盐。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS的制备方法,征在于:所述分子量调节剂为C4-C20的烷基硫醇。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS的制备方法,其特征在于:所述交联剂为二乙烯基苯、二乙烯基二丙烯酸乙二醇酯、二乙烯基二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、三乙烯基二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、四乙烯基二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、二烯丙基马来酸酯、丙烯酸烯丙基酯、甲基丙烯丙基酯二烯丙基琥珀酸酯、二烯丙基邻苯二甲酸酯中的一种或几种。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种PVC抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲MBS的制备方法,其特征在于:所述引发剂为过硫酸盐、有机过氧化物、偶氮类化合物中的一种,或与亚硫酸盐、亚硫酸氢盐、硫代硫酸盐中的一种构成的氧化还原引发剂体系。
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WO2020164301A1 (zh) * | 2019-02-14 | 2020-08-20 | 山东东临新材料股份有限公司 | 一种pvc抗冲改性剂不透明高抗冲mbs及其制备方法 |
KR20210036796A (ko) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-04-05 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 코어-쉘 공중합체 및 이를 포함하는 수지 조성물 |
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