CN109845608B - Method for regulating and controlling secondary flowering of verbena salicifolia - Google Patents
Method for regulating and controlling secondary flowering of verbena salicifolia Download PDFInfo
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- CN109845608B CN109845608B CN201910022169.XA CN201910022169A CN109845608B CN 109845608 B CN109845608 B CN 109845608B CN 201910022169 A CN201910022169 A CN 201910022169A CN 109845608 B CN109845608 B CN 109845608B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for regulating and controlling the secondary flowering of verbena salicifolia, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of beginning to form seeds of the vervain willow, reducing the water content of soil before the vervain willow blooms and reduces the number of blossoms, then trimming all inflorescences, watering 1 time every 3 days, sequentially applying urea and phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, trimming for 7 to 10 days, then spraying with an aqueous solution of gibberellic acid, spraying on leaf surfaces with an aqueous solution of butyryl hydrazine after new buds grow, trimming for 20 to 30 days, beginning to bloom for the second time, and prolonging the flowering period to 11 middle days of the year. The method reduces the water content of the soil after the vervain willow knots are seeded, reduces the reproductive growth of plants, prunes off all inflorescences to ensure that the nutrition is not consumed by the seeds and florets on the upper part, uses gibberellic acid aqueous solution for spraying treatment to promote the vegetative growth of the vervain willow plants and promote the growth of new buds, uses butyrylhydrazine aqueous solution for spraying on the leaf surfaces to promote the reproductive growth, promotes the differentiation of flower buds and the flowering of the plants, can improve the fruit setting rate in the flowering phase, prolongs the flowering phase and prolongs the ornamental time of the vervain willow.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flowering control methods, and particularly relates to a method for controlling the secondary flowering of verbena salicifolia.
Background
The vervain is originally produced in south America, is perennial herb, is a commonly used flower-viewing plant in landscape, is planted in a sheet mode or a large area mode, is like purple nepheline when flowering, is one of the most commonly used flower sea plants in China at present, can safely overwinter in an area with the lowest temperature of more than 0 ℃, and is generally used for annual cultivation in an area north of Yangtze river. The plant height is 100-150 cm, the head grows a parasporal inflorescence, the small cylindrical flowers grow on the top of the flower stem, and the flower stem is purple red or light purple. The leaves are in the shape of a needle with a shape of narrow cape; the stems are square, the whole plant is soft, the flowering period is 4-9 months, the verbena officinalis starts to bloom in the upper ten days of 4 months, the seeds begin to wither in the middle and lower ten days of 6 months, even if the plant continuously blooms, the corolla becomes brown due to the seeds, the sequence of the verbena officinalis continuously blooms, but the flowers are fewer, the sequence is mainly brown, the ornamental value of the verbena officinalis is greatly reduced, and the ornamental effect is poor compared with the effect from the beginning to the full flowering period.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the defects of the prior art are overcome, and provides a method for regulating and controlling the secondary flowering of verbena officinalis, which is used for reducing the soil water content after seeds of the verbena officinalis are subjected to pruning to reduce the reproductive growth of plants, trimming all inflorescences so that the nutrition of the verbena officinalis is not consumed by the seeds and florets on the upper part, spraying gibberellic acid aqueous solution to promote the vegetative growth of the verbena officinalis, promote the growth of new buds, spraying the leaves of the verbena officinalis with butyrhydrazide aqueous solution to promote the reproductive growth, promote the differentiation of flower buds, promote the flowering of the plants, improve the fruit setting rate of the flowering phase, prevent flower falling and fruit dropping, prolong the flowering phase and prolong the ornamental time of the verbena officinalis.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for regulating and controlling the secondary flowering of verbena salicifolia comprises the following steps:
s1, water reducing: before the vervain seeds are not grown, the soil water content is 16% -18.5%, when the vervain seeds are grown in 6 months, the soil water content is reduced before the flowering quantity is reduced, so that the soil water content is 14.5% -16%;
s2, trimming: after the watering amount is reduced by 7-10 days, pruning the verbena officinalis plant to remove all inflorescences, wherein the height of the pruned verbena officinalis plant is 40-50 cm;
s3, water and fertilizer management: watering the trimmed Verbena salicifolia plants for 1 time every 3d, wherein the water amount is 3L/m2～5L/m2(ii) a Applying urea after 3d of pruning, and applying a phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer after 10d to 15d of pruning;
s4, hormone management: after the vervain plant is pruned for 7-10 days, spraying the pruned vervain plant with gibberellic acid aqueous solution; when the height of the sprout of the trimmed Verbena salicifolia plant is 20-30 cm, spraying a solution of butyrylhydrazine on the leaf surface of the Verbena salicifolia plant growing the sprout;
s5, cutting the Verbena salicifolia plant for 20-30 days, then starting to bloom for the second time, and prolonging the flowering period to 11 middle of the year.
Preferably, the urea is applied in an amount of 5g/m in S32。
Preferably, the application amount of the phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in S3 is 21g/m2(ii) a The phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 51.7 percent of phosphorus pentoxide and 34.6 percent of potassium oxide.
Preferably, the concentration of the gibberellic acid aqueous solution in S4 is 20mg/L to 30 mg/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the butyryl hydrazine aqueous solution in S4 is 10 mg/L-25 mg/L.
And S1, the watering amount of the knotted seeds of the verbena salicifolia is subjected to water reduction treatment, so that the nutrition supply of the seeds can be reduced, the reproductive growth of plants can be reduced, the vegetative growth of the verbena salicifolia plants can be promoted, and more nutrition can be supplied for the growth of the root systems of the plants and the accumulation of organic substances in the verbena salicifolia plants.
And S2, trimming all inflorescences to ensure that the nutrition of the verbena salicifolia knot plant is not consumed by the seeds and the florets on the upper part any more and the reproductive growth of the plant is reduced.
In S4, after the vervain plant is pruned for 7-10 days, gibberellic acid aqueous solution is used for spraying the pruned vervain plant, so that the vegetative growth of the vervain plant is promoted, the growth of new buds is promoted, when the new buds of the pruned vervain plant grow to 20-30 cm, the leaf surface spraying is carried out on the vervain plant growing the new buds by butyryl hydrazine aqueous solution, the tip control effect is achieved, the vegetative growth is inhibited, the reproductive growth is promoted, the flower bud differentiation is promoted, nutrition is gathered on reproductive branches of the vervain plant, the plant blossoming is promoted, the fruit setting rate in the flowering phase can be improved, the flower and fruit drop are not easy, and the flowering phase is prolonged.
The method for regulating and controlling the secondary flowering of the verbena salicifolia can ensure that the verbena salicifolia starts to be secondarily flowered after being trimmed for 20-30 days generally, the flowering phase is prolonged to 11 middle days of the year, the ornamental effect is excellent from 8 middle days of the month to 10 middle and last days of the month, the fruit setting rate of the flowering phase is high, flowers and fruits are not prone to falling, and the ornamental time of the verbena salicifolia is prolonged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention reduces the water content of the soil after the vervain willow leaves are knotted with seeds, can reduce the nutrition supply of the seeds, reduce the reproductive growth of plants, promote the vegetative growth of the vervain willow leaves, and supply more nutrition for the growth of the root systems of the plants and the accumulation of organic substances in the vervain willow leaves.
2. The invention prunes all inflorescences, so that the nutrition of the vervain knot plant is not consumed by the seeds and florets on the upper part, and the reproductive growth of the plant is reduced.
3. After the vervain plant is pruned, the pruned vervain plant is sprayed with gibberellic acid aqueous solution, so that the vegetative growth of the vervain plant is promoted, the growth of new buds is promoted, after the new buds of the pruned vervain plant grow, the vervain plant growing the new buds is sprayed with butyryl hydrazine aqueous solution on the surface of the vervain plant, the tip control effect is achieved, the vegetative growth is inhibited, the reproductive growth is promoted, the flower bud differentiation is promoted, the nutrition is gathered on the reproductive branches of the vervain plant, the flowering of the plant is promoted, the fruit setting rate of the flowering phase can be improved, the flower and fruit dropping are not easy, and the flowering phase is prolonged. The method for regulating and controlling the secondary flowering of the verbena salicifolia can ensure that the verbena salicifolia starts to be secondarily flowered after being trimmed for 20-30 days generally, the flowering phase is prolonged to 11 middle days of the year, the ornamental effect is excellent from 8 middle days of the month to 10 middle and last days of the month, the fruit setting rate of the flowering phase is high, flowers and fruits are not prone to falling, and the ornamental time of the verbena salicifolia is prolonged.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of the 5 month blooming of the year after the willow-leaf verbena is planted.
Fig. 2 is a graph of the effect of the second flowering 8 months after pruning in the same year.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the effect of prolonging the flowering period of the second flowering of Verbena salicifolia flowers in the first 10 months of the year.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The method for regulating and controlling the secondary flowering of verbena salicifolia comprises the following steps:
s1, water reducing: the soil water content is 16% before the vervain seeds are not grown, the soil water content is reduced before the vervain seeds are grown in 6 months and the flowering quantity is reduced, so that the soil water content is 14.5%;
s2, trimming: after the watering amount is reduced by 10 days, pruning the verbena officinalis plant to remove all inflorescences, wherein the height of the pruned verbena officinalis plant is 40 cm;
s3, water and fertilizer management: watering the trimmed Verbena salicifolia plants for 1 time every 3d, wherein the water amount is 5L/m2(ii) a Pruning for 3 days, applying 5g/m2The urea (2) was added at a rate of 21g/m after trimming for 15 days2The phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 51.7% of phosphorus pentoxide and 34.6% of potassium oxide;
s4, hormone management: after the vervain plant is pruned for 10 days, spraying gibberellic acid aqueous solution with the concentration of 30mg/L on the pruned vervain plant; when the sprout of the trimmed Verbena salicifolia plant grows to 30cm, carrying out leaf surface spraying on the Verbena salicifolia plant growing the sprout by using a 25mg/L butyrylhydrazine aqueous solution;
s5, cutting the Verbena salicifolia plant for 20d, and then starting to bloom for the second time, wherein the flowering phase is prolonged to 11 middle of the year.
The method for regulating and controlling the secondary flowering of the verbena salicifolia can enable the verbena salicifolia to start to carry out secondary flowering after being trimmed for 20 days, the flowering phase is prolonged to 11 middle ten days of the year, the ornamental effect is excellent from 8 middle ten days to 10 middle ten days of the year, the fruit setting rate in the flowering phase is 97%, and the flowers and the fruits are not prone to falling.
Fig. 1 is an effect diagram of 5 months flowering after the planting of the verbena salicifolia, the flowering area is 70%, the hypermetropia green branches and leaves and flowers are distributed alternately, the inflorescence color is light purple, the overall visual effect is green and light purple, the green plants are slender, the leaves are more, the visual effect is poor, fig. 2 is an effect diagram of 8 months secondary flowering after the pruning in the current year, the flowering area is 40%, the hypermetropia effect is mainly green branches and leaves, the light purple inflorescence is distributed among the green branches and leaves, fig. 3 is an effect diagram of prolonging the secondary flowering period of the verbena salicifolia flowers at the beginning of 10 months in the current year, the flowering area reaches 95%, the hypermetropia effect is mainly purple inflorescence, the color is more beautiful than that of the flowering periods in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the flowering quantity is large, the flower sea is formed, and the visual. As can be seen, the method of the embodiment effectively prolongs the flowering period of the verbena officinalis flowers, and has the advantages of low flower falling rate, large flowering quantity and good inflorescence quality.
Example 2
The method for regulating and controlling the secondary flowering of verbena salicifolia comprises the following steps:
s1, water reducing: the soil water content is 18.5% before the vervain seeds are not grown, the vervain seeds are grown in 6 months, and the soil water content is reduced before the flowering quantity is reduced, so that the soil water content is 16%;
s2, trimming: after the watering amount is reduced by 10 days, pruning the verbena officinalis plant to remove all inflorescences, wherein the height of the pruned verbena officinalis plant is 50 cm;
s3, water and fertilizer management: watering the trimmed Verbena salicifolia plants for 1 time every 3d, wherein the water amount is 3L/m2(ii) a Applying 50g/m after trimming for 3d2The urea (2) was added at a rate of 21g/m after trimming for 15 days2The phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 51.7% of phosphorus pentoxide and 34.6% of potassium oxide;
s4, hormone management: spraying gibberellic acid aqueous solution with the concentration of 20mg/L to the trimmed verbena salicifolia plants within 7 days after the verbena salicifolia plants are trimmed; spraying leaf surface of the vervain plant with sprout growing out with 10mg/L hydrazine butyryl aqueous solution when the height of the sprout of the trimmed vervain plant is 20 cm;
s5, cutting the Verbena salicifolia plant for 30d, and then starting to bloom for the second time, wherein the flowering phase is prolonged to 11 middle of the year.
The method for regulating and controlling the secondary flowering of the verbena salicifolia can enable the verbena salicifolia to start to carry out secondary flowering after being trimmed for 30 days, the flowering phase is prolonged to 11 middle ten days of the year, the ornamental effect is excellent from 8 middle ten days to 10 middle ten days of the year, the fruit setting rate in the flowering phase is 95%, and the flowers and the fruits are not prone to falling.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for regulating and controlling the secondary flowering of verbena salicifolia is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, water reducing: before the vervain seeds are not grown, the soil water content is 16% -18.5%, when the vervain seeds are grown in 6 months, the soil water content is reduced before the flowering quantity is reduced, so that the soil water content is 14.5% -16%;
s2, trimming: after the watering amount is reduced by 7-10 days, pruning the verbena officinalis plant to remove all inflorescences, wherein the height of the pruned verbena officinalis plant is 40-50 cm;
s3, water and fertilizer management: watering the trimmed Verbena salicifolia plants for 1 time every 3d, wherein the water amount is 3L/m2～5L/m2(ii) a Applying urea after 3d of pruning, and applying a phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer after 10d to 15d of pruning;
s4, hormone management: after the vervain plant is pruned for 7-10 days, spraying the pruned vervain plant with gibberellic acid aqueous solution; when the height of the sprout of the trimmed Verbena salicifolia plant is 20-30 cm, spraying a solution of butyrylhydrazine on the leaf surface of the Verbena salicifolia plant growing the sprout;
s5, cutting the Verbena salicifolia plant for 20-30 days, then starting to bloom for the second time, and prolonging the flowering period to 11 middle of the year.
2. The method for regulating the secondary flowering of verbena salicifolia as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application amount of urea in S3 is 5g/m2。
3. The method for controlling the secondary flowering of verbena salicifolia as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application amount of the phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in S3 is 21g/m2。
4. The method for controlling the secondary flowering of verbena salicifolia as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of the gibberellic acid aqueous solution in the S4 is 20 mg/L-30 mg/L.
5. The method for regulating the secondary flowering of vervain according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the aqueous solution of butyrylhydrazine in S4 is 10mg/L to 25 mg/L.
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| CN103703987A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-09 | 广西南宁碧湾园林工程有限公司 | Method for regulating flowering phase of camellia japonica |
| CN106386036A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-15 | 张楠 | Method for twice blooming of potted peony in one year |
| CN107182737A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥市禾兴生态养殖科技有限公司 | A kind of flower culture method |
| CN107278777A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-24 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | A kind of cultural method of the golden Chinese scholartree second bloom of promotion |
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| US20030126835A1 (en) * | 2001-10-05 | 2003-07-10 | Weder Donald E. | Method of covering a pot with a floral sleeve having a side-sealed bottom gusset |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103703987A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-09 | 广西南宁碧湾园林工程有限公司 | Method for regulating flowering phase of camellia japonica |
| CN106386036A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-15 | 张楠 | Method for twice blooming of potted peony in one year |
| CN107182737A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥市禾兴生态养殖科技有限公司 | A kind of flower culture method |
| CN107278777A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-24 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | A kind of cultural method of the golden Chinese scholartree second bloom of promotion |
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