CN112166928A - Method for adjusting custard apple producing period - Google Patents
Method for adjusting custard apple producing period Download PDFInfo
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- CN112166928A CN112166928A CN202011110668.3A CN202011110668A CN112166928A CN 112166928 A CN112166928 A CN 112166928A CN 202011110668 A CN202011110668 A CN 202011110668A CN 112166928 A CN112166928 A CN 112166928A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for adjusting the delivery period of pinaga ananas, which comprises the following steps: (1) first pruning: the method is carried out in the middle ten days of April every year, and the reserved length of each branch is 15-30 cm; (2) dividing the anageis planting area into a first planting area and a second planting area; (3) and (3) second trimming: in the middle ten days of 7 months to the last 8 months, the grown stout part of spring tips are mainly selected for pruning, the reserved length of each branch is 10-15cm, and 3-4 leaves at the front end are picked off; (4) performing third pruning on the anageis in the second planting area: and (4) in the middle ten days of 8 months to 9 months, newly growing lateral branches of the branches subjected to secondary pruning are removed, the number of the newly growing lateral branches is 1/5-1/2, the length of each branch is 10-15cm, and 3-4 leaves at the front end are picked off. The invention has the advantages that: 1. the delivery date can be adjusted according to market demands to achieve the maximum economic value; 2. the pruning of different batches and different times is helpful for adjusting the tree shape of the fruit tree.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop production period adjustment, and particularly relates to a method for adjusting the production period of ananas comosus.
Background
Annona squamosa (Aetmoya) is a hybrid of Annona squamosa and Annona vulgaris, is a perennial half-fallen shrub or small tree of Annonaceae (Annonaceae), and is a high-quality and rare fruit which is extremely economically developed. The plants are planted in Zhejiang, Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Yunnan provinces, and the plants are not suitable for being planted in areas with much rainwater. Guangxi belongs to subtropical monsoon climate, the environment is suitable for planting custard apple, generally, custard apple belongs to summer fruit, and the fruiting time is 6-8 months per year. Due to the particularity of the custard apple tree, the delivery date can be adjusted by pruning the branches to meet the market demand and realize the maximum economic value, but the adjustment of the delivery date cannot be realized by ordinary pruning the branches, so practice exploration is required to be carried out aiming at the delivery date adjustment of the custard apple to realize four-season fruit bearing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for adjusting the custard delivery date of ananas comosus.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
(1) first pruning: in the middle ten days of April every year, highly retracted pruning is carried out on the bearing branches and the growing branches of the three-level and four-level branches, the length of each branch is kept to be 15-30cm, and meanwhile, insect-infected branches, drooping branches, upright branches, weak branches, overgrown branches and dense branches are pruned; after the pruned branches germinate, applying 1.0-2.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 0.5-1.0kg of compound fertilizer to each branch, applying 2.0-3.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 1.0-2.0kg of compound fertilizer and 2.0-2.5kg of urea to each branch when the branches bloom at intervals of 18-23 days;
(2) dividing the anageis planting area into a first planting area and a second planting area;
(3) and (3) carrying out second pruning on the anageis in the first planting area: trimming spring tips from the middle ten days of 7 months to the upper ten days of 8 months, keeping the length of each branch to be 10-15cm, and picking off 3-4 leaves at the front end; meanwhile, disease and pest branches, disease branches, weak branches, spindly branches and dense branches are cut off; after the pruned branches germinate, applying 0.5-1.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 1.0-1.5kg of compound fertilizer to each branch, and applying 3.0-4.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 1.0-2.0kg of compound fertilizer to each branch when small fruits appear after flowering at intervals of 25-35 days;
(4) performing third pruning on the anageis in the second planting area: subtracting newly grown lateral branches of the branches subjected to secondary pruning from the middle ten days of 8 months to the middle ten days of 9 months, wherein the number of the newly grown lateral branches is 1/5-1/3, the remaining lateral branches are 10-15cm in length, and 3-4 leaves at the front end are picked off; after the pruned branches germinate, applying 1.0-2.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 0.5-1.0kg of compound fertilizer to each branch, applying 1.0-1.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 2.0-3.0kg of compound fertilizer and 1.0-1.5kg of urea to each branch when the fruit diameter is 0.5-1.0cm after 35-45 days.
According to the growth characteristics of the custard apple, the pruning at different times is beneficial to the adjustment of the tree form and the production period of the fruit tree, the planting area is divided into a first planting area and a second planting area to harvest fruits in batches at different times, the third pruning is carried out on the basis of the second pruning, the newly grown lateral branches are prevented from growing too fast after the second pruning, the consumption of fertilizer and other materials is saved, the growth speed of the custard apple can be reduced, the fruit setting rate of the custard apple in the deep winter can be ensured, the fruit cracking rate of the custard apple on the tree in the deep winter can be reduced, the fruit harvesting time of the third pruning is prolonged for a period of time compared with the second pruning, so that the custard apple fruits in 12-1 month can be harvested in the first planting area, the custard apple fruits in 2-3 months can be harvested in the second planting area, the fruit ripening in winter can be ensured, and the value of the custard fruits in;
the custard apple is withered to flower and harvested for about 130 days, so that fruits in the second production area all grow in the deep winter, the fruit setting condition of branches can be determined before the branches are trimmed for the third time by trimming the branches for the first time, the phenomenon that newly grown lateral branches grow too fast after the second trimming is avoided, the newly grown lateral branches can adapt to the growth speed in the deep winter, and therefore the fruit growing in the deep winter after the branches are trimmed for the third time is high in fruit setting rate and not easy to crack in the deep winter.
Further, the humidity of the soil is kept between 50% and 60% during the period from pruning to sprouting of the branches, because the photosynthesis of the number of the branches after the branches are subtracted is reduced, the activity of each line is correspondingly reduced, the water demand of the whole fruit tree is reduced, and if the water content of the soil is too much, the growth of the fruit tree is inhibited.
Furthermore, the temperature of the planting environment needs to be maintained at 15-25 ℃ when the branches are pruned for the third time for fruiting, the air temperature is relatively low in winter and spring, and fruit cracking is easily caused due to too low temperature, so that the normal growth of the fruits is ensured by adopting a temperature control method.
Further, the weak parts of the fruits growing on the pruned branches are removed, the strong parts of the fruits are remained, 1-2 fruits are remained on each branch pruned in the steps (3) and (4), the number of the remained fruits is generally determined according to the thickness and the health degree of the branch, generally, only 2 fruits can be maintained on one branch, and the insufficient nutrition and the insufficient growth of the fruits can be caused if more fruits exist.
Further, the organic fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed be chicken manure, cow dung or sheep manure, the organic fertilizer is rich in a large amount of beneficial substance, include: various organic acids, peptides and rich nutrient elements including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The fertilizer not only can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, but also has long fertilizer efficiency, can increase and update soil organic matters, promote microbial propagation, improve the physical and chemical properties and biological activity of soil, and is a main nutrient for green food production; the chicken manure, the cow manure or the sheep manure is easy to obtain and has low price.
Further, the compound fertilizer is a phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and the mass ratio of phosphorus to potassium contained in the compound fertilizer is (4-5): (6-7), the phosphorus and the potassium are nutrient elements required by the growth of the custard apple, and the proper dosage ratio can meet the growth requirement of the custard apple.
Furthermore, the pollination time of the first planting area and the second planting area, namely the custard apple, is the period that the petals are separated and lifted outwards, the pollen quality is the best in the period, and the fruit setting rate can be further improved.
Furthermore, the area ratio of the first planting area to the second planting area is 1:1-1:2, and the area of the planting areas is further optimized to meet the time for fruit to appear on the market and the market demand.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. the delivery date can be adjusted according to market demands to achieve the maximum economic value; 2. the pruning of different batches at different time is helpful for adjusting the tree form of the fruit tree, the first planting area can harvest the fruits of the custard apple in 12-1 month, and the second planting area can harvest the fruits of the custard apple in 2-3 months; 3. the method is simple and easy to implement, the fruit setting rate is high and reaches more than 90%, the fruit cracking rate on trees is as low as 0.53%, the fruits are large, and the method has good application prospects.
Detailed Description
In the description of the invention, specific details are given only to enable a full understanding of the embodiments of the invention, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to these details for the implementation. In other instances, well-known structures and functions have not been described or shown in detail to avoid obscuring the points of the embodiments of the invention. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1 a method for adjusting the storage life of custard apple, the storage life adjustment of custard apple is trimmed three times according to the need, the storage life adjustment is used to achieve the effect of bearing fruits in winter, the specific adjustment method is as follows:
(1) first pruning: the method is carried out in the middle ten days of April every year, the pruning strength is the maximum one time in one year, the high retraction pruning is carried out on the bearing branches and the growing branches of the third-level and fourth-level branches, the reserved length of each branch is 15cm, and about 10 leaves of each branch are stored; meanwhile, the branches of diseases and pests, drooping branches, upright branches, slender branches, overgrown branches and dense branches are cut off, and the branches are cut to the bifurcations. The pruned branches germinate about 15 days, and proper fertilization is needed to provide sufficient growth nutrition after pruning, wherein the specific fertilization mode is that 1.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer are applied to each branch after the pruned branches germinate, 2.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 1.0kg of compound fertilizer and 2.0kg of urea are applied to each branch after 18 days of flowering; the fruit grown from the pruned branch does not remain.
(2) Dividing the planting area of the custard apple into a first planting area and a second planting area according to the area ratio of 1:1.
(3) Performing second pruning of the anagekya in the first and second planting areas: in the middle ten days of 7 months, the growing stout part of spring tips are mainly selected for pruning, the reserved length of each branch is 10cm, 3 leaves at the front end are picked off, and meanwhile, diseased branches, weak branches, overgrown branches and dense branches are pruned; improving the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the tree body; the branches can sprout after being trimmed for about 7 days due to air temperature, and bloom begins about 15 days, and the whole period from trimming to picking is about 5 months, and the branches mainly bear winter fruits and spring fruits. The supply mode of nutrition after pruning is that 0.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer are applied to each plant after the branches to be pruned sprout, 3.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 1.0kg of compound fertilizer are applied to each plant when small fruits are seen after flowering in 25 days; due to the need to provide nutrients for the newly grown fruits and the shoots grown after the first pruning, fertilizers applied later are added at multiple points correspondingly.
(4) Performing third pruning on the anageis in the second planting area: in the middle ten days of 8 months, newly growing lateral branches of the branches subjected to the second pruning are removed, the number of the removed lateral branches is 1/5, the remaining lateral branches are 10-15cm in length, and 3-4 leaves at the front ends are removed; after the pruned branches sprout, applying 1.0-2.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 0.5-1.0kg of compound fertilizer to each branch, applying 1.0-1.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer to each branch when the fruit diameter is 0.5-1.0cm every 35-45 days, applying 2.0-3.0kg of compound fertilizer, 1.0-1.5kg of urea, keeping the length of each branch to be 10cm, picking off 3 leaves at the front end, sprouting about 10 days after pruning, beginning to bloom about 15 days, and beginning to bloom about 5 months from pruning to picking in the whole period, wherein the main fruits are spring fruits. The supply mode of nutrition after pruning is that 1.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 0.5kg of compound fertilizer, 1.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 2.0kg of compound fertilizer and 1.0kg of urea are applied to each tree after the branches to be pruned sprout, when the diameter of the fruits is 0.5cm after 35 days, the fertilizer in the soil is applied for the first two times, and the climate in winter is not beneficial to the growth of fruit trees, so the relatively needed amount is small.
In addition to the above problems of pruning and fertilization, attention needs to be paid to the influence of other factors during the period of adjusting the delivery period, for example, the humidity of the soil is kept at 50% during the period from pruning to sprouting of the branches, the water content of the soil is insufficient to meet the water content required by the fruit trees, and the damage of the root system (the root system cannot breathe due to oxygen deficiency in the soil) can be caused when the water content is sufficient to exceed the required amount of the fruit trees. When pruning branches in winter, namely pruning the branches for the third time, the temperature of the planting environment needs to be maintained at 15 ℃, and the purpose of controlling the environment temperature is mainly achieved by installing a light supplement lamp and adding a greenhouse. When the fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer is applied around the fruit trees, the fertilizer application depth is 5cm, and the situation that the root system is dug too deeply or too close to the tree trunk to be damaged is avoided. Flowers growing from the trimmed branches of the first planting area and the trimmed branches of the second planting area of the custard apple need to be pollinated in time, and the pollination time is the period that petals are separated and lifted backwards.
The fruits need to be weakened and kept strong, and finally 1 fruit is kept according to the thickness of each branch and the health condition, so that each fruit can obtain enough nutrition.
The decomposed organic fertilizer used in the fertilizing process is chicken manure, cow manure or sheep manure, because the organic fertilizer contains sufficient nutrition cost and is cheap and easy to obtain. The compound fertilizer is a phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and the mass ratio of phosphorus to potassium contained in the compound fertilizer is 4: 6.
embodiment 2 a method for adjusting the storage life of custard apple, the storage life adjustment of custard apple is trimmed three times according to the need, the storage life adjustment is used to achieve the effect of bearing fruits in winter, the specific adjustment method is as follows:
(1) first pruning: the method is carried out in the middle ten days of April every year, the pruning strength is the maximum one time in one year, the high retraction pruning is carried out on the bearing branches and the growing branches of the third-level and fourth-level branches, the reserved length of each branch is 20cm, and about 10 leaves of each branch are stored; meanwhile, the branches of diseases and pests, drooping branches, upright branches, slender branches, overgrown branches and dense branches are cut off, and the branches are cut to the bifurcations. The pruned branches germinate about 15 days, and proper fertilization is needed to provide sufficient growth nutrition after pruning, wherein the specific fertilization mode is that 1.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied to each branch after sprouting of the pruned branches, 0.8kg of compound fertilizer is applied to each branch, 2.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 1.5kg of compound fertilizer and 2.2kg of urea are applied to each branch after 20 days of flowering; the fruit grown from the pruned branch does not remain.
(2) Dividing the planting area of the custard apple into a first planting area and a second planting area according to the area ratio of 1: 1.5.
(3) Performing second pruning of the anagekya in the first and second planting areas: in the middle ten days of 7 months, the growing stout part of spring tips are mainly selected for pruning, the reserved length of each branch is 12cm, 3 leaves at the front end are picked off, and meanwhile, diseased branches, weak branches, overgrown branches and dense branches are pruned; improving the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the tree body; the branches can sprout after being trimmed for about 7 days due to air temperature, and bloom begins about 15 days, and the whole period from trimming to picking is about 5 months, and the branches mainly bear winter fruits and spring fruits. The supply mode of nutrition after pruning is that 0.8kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 0.6kg of compound fertilizer are applied to each plant after the branches to be pruned sprout, 3.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 1.5kg of compound fertilizer are applied to each plant when small fruits are seen in flowering at intervals of 30 days; due to the need to provide nutrients for the newly grown fruits and the shoots grown after the first pruning, fertilizers applied later are added at multiple points correspondingly.
(4) Performing third pruning on the anageis in the second planting area: in the middle ten days of 8 months, newly growing lateral branches of the branches subjected to the second pruning are removed, the number of the removed lateral branches is 1/3, the remaining lateral branches are 10-15cm in length, and 3-4 leaves at the front ends are removed; after the pruned branches sprout, applying 1.0-2.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 0.5-1.0kg of compound fertilizer to each branch, applying 1.0-1.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer to each branch when the fruit diameter is 0.5-1.0cm every 35-45 days, applying 2.0-3.0kg of compound fertilizer and 1.0-1.5kg of urea to each branch, keeping the length of each branch to be 12cm, picking off 3 leaves at the front end, sprouting about 10 days after pruning, beginning to bloom about 15 days, and needing about 5 months from pruning to picking in the whole period, wherein the fruits mainly bear spring fruits. The supply mode of nutrition after pruning is that 1.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 0.6kg of compound fertilizer, 1.3kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 2.5kg of compound fertilizer and 1.3kg of urea are applied to each tree when the diameter of the fruit is 0.8cm after the branches to be pruned sprout, and the fertilizer in the soil is applied for the first two times, so that the fertilizer is remained and the climate in winter is not beneficial to the growth of fruit trees, so that the relatively needed amount is small.
In addition to the above problems of pruning and fertilization, other factors need to be paid attention to during the adjustment process of the delivery period, for example, the humidity of the soil is kept at 55% during the period from the pruning to the sprouting of the branches, the water content of the soil is insufficient to meet the water requirement of the fruit trees, and the damage of the root system (the root system cannot breathe due to the lack of oxygen in the soil) can be caused when the water content is sufficient to exceed the required amount of the fruit trees. When pruning branches for the third time in winter, the temperature of the planting environment needs to be maintained at 20 ℃, and the purpose of controlling the environment temperature is mainly achieved by installing a light supplement lamp and adding a greenhouse. When the fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer is applied around the fruit trees, the fertilizer application depth is 8cm, and the situation that the root system is dug too deeply or too close to the tree trunk to be damaged is avoided. Flowers growing from the trimmed branches of the first planting area and the trimmed branches of the second planting area of the custard apple need to be pollinated in time, and the pollination time is the period that petals are separated and lifted backwards.
The fruits need to be weakened and kept strong, and finally 1 fruit is kept according to the thickness of each branch and the health condition, so that each fruit can obtain enough nutrition.
Cow dung is used as the decomposed organic fertilizer used in the fertilizing process, and the organic fertilizer contains sufficient nutrition cost and is cheap and easy to obtain. The compound fertilizer is a phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and the mass ratio of phosphorus to potassium contained in the compound fertilizer is 4.5: 6.5.
embodiment 3 a method for adjusting the storage life of custard apple, the storage life adjustment of custard apple is trimmed three times according to the need, the storage life adjustment is used to achieve the effect of bearing fruits in winter, the specific adjustment method is as follows:
(1) first pruning: the method is carried out in the middle ten days of April every year, the pruning strength is the maximum one time in one year, the high retraction pruning is carried out on the bearing branches and the growing branches of the third-level and fourth-level branches, the reserved length of each branch is 30cm, and about 10 leaves of each branch are stored; meanwhile, the branches of diseases and pests, drooping branches, upright branches, slender branches, overgrown branches and dense branches are cut off, and the branches are cut to the bifurcations. The pruned branches germinate about 15 days, and proper fertilization is needed to provide sufficient growth nutrition after pruning, wherein the specific fertilization mode is that 2.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 1.0kg of compound fertilizer are applied to each branch after the pruned branches germinate, 3.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 2.0kg of compound fertilizer and 2.5kg of urea are applied to each branch after blooming for 23 days; the fruit grown from the pruned branch does not remain.
(2) Dividing the planting area of the custard apple into a first planting area and a second planting area according to the area ratio of 1: 2.
(3) Performing second pruning of the anagekya in the first and second planting areas: in the last ten days of 8 months, the method mainly comprises the steps of selecting a part of spring tips which grow robustly to be trimmed, keeping the length of each branch to be 15cm, picking off 4 leaves at the front end, and trimming diseased and insect branches, diseased branches, weak branches, overgrown branches and dense branches; improving the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the tree body; the branches can sprout after being trimmed for about 7 days due to air temperature, and bloom begins about 15 days, and the whole period from trimming to picking is about 5 months, and the branches mainly bear winter fruits and spring fruits. The supply mode of nutrition after pruning is that 1kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 1.5kg of compound fertilizer are applied to each plant after the branches to be pruned sprout, 4.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 2.0kg of compound fertilizer are applied to each plant when small fruits appear after blooming within 35 days; due to the need to provide nutrients for the newly grown fruits and the shoots grown after the first pruning, fertilizers applied later are added at multiple points correspondingly.
(4) Performing third pruning on the anageis in the second planting area: in the middle ten days of 9 months, newly growing lateral branches of the branches subjected to the second pruning are removed, the number of the removed lateral branches is 1/2, the remaining lateral branches are 10-15cm in length, and 3-4 leaves at the front ends are removed; after the pruned branches sprout, applying 1.0-2.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 0.5-1.0kg of compound fertilizer to each branch, applying 1.0-1.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer to each branch when the fruit diameter is 0.5-1.0cm every 35-45 days, applying 2.0-3.0kg of compound fertilizer and 1.0-1.5kg of urea to each branch, keeping the length of each branch to be 15cm, picking off 4 leaves at the front end, sprouting about 10 days after pruning, beginning to bloom about 15 days, and needing about 5 months from pruning to picking in the whole period, wherein the fruits mainly bear spring fruits. The supply mode of nutrition after pruning is that 2.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 1.0kg of compound fertilizer, 1.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 3.0kg of compound fertilizer and 1.5kg of urea are applied to each tree when the diameter of the fruit is 1.0cm after the branches to be pruned sprout, and the fertilizer in the soil is applied for the first two times, so that the fertilizer is remained and the climate in winter is not beneficial to the growth of fruit trees, so that the relatively needed amount is small.
In addition to the above problems of pruning and fertilization, attention needs to be paid to the influence of other factors during the period of adjusting the delivery period, for example, the humidity of the soil is kept at 60% during the period from pruning to sprouting of the branches, the water content of the soil is insufficient to meet the water content required by the fruit trees, and the damage of the root system (the root system cannot breathe due to oxygen deficiency in the soil) can be caused when the water content is sufficient to exceed the required amount of the fruit trees. When pruning branches for the third time in winter, the temperature of the planting environment needs to be maintained at 25 ℃, and the purpose of controlling the environment temperature is mainly achieved by installing a light supplement lamp and adding a greenhouse. When the fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer is applied around the fruit trees, the fertilizer application depth is 10cm, and the situation that the root system is dug too deeply or too close to the tree trunk to be damaged is avoided. Flowers growing from the trimmed branches of the first planting area and the trimmed branches of the second planting area of the custard apple need to be pollinated in time, and the pollination time is the period that petals are separated and lifted backwards.
The fruits need to be weakened and kept strong, and finally 2 fruits are kept according to the thickness and the health condition of each branch, so that each fruit can obtain enough nutrition.
The decomposed organic fertilizer used in the fertilizing process is sheep manure, and the organic fertilizer contains sufficient nutrition cost and is cheap and easy to obtain. The compound fertilizer is a phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and the mass ratio of phosphorus to potassium contained in the compound fertilizer is 5: 7.
the ripe fruits of custard apple harvested in examples 1-3 were subjected to statistics on the cracking rate, as shown in the following table:
| example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | |
| Rate of fruit cracking | 0.68％ | 0.53％ | 0.62％ |
Although particular embodiments of the present invention have been described and illustrated in detail, it should be noted that various changes and modifications could be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for adjusting the storage life of ananas comosus, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) first pruning: in the middle ten days of April every year, highly retracted pruning is carried out on the bearing branches and the growing branches of the three-level and four-level branches, the length of each branch is kept to be 15-30cm, and meanwhile, insect-infected branches, drooping branches, upright branches, weak branches, overgrown branches and dense branches are pruned; after the pruned branches germinate, applying 1.0-2.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 0.5-1.0kg of compound fertilizer to each branch, applying 2.0-3.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 1.0-2.0kg of compound fertilizer and 2.0-2.5kg of urea to each branch when the branches bloom at intervals of 18-23 days;
(2) dividing the anageis planting area into a first planting area and a second planting area;
(3) performing second pruning of the anagekya in the first and second planting areas: trimming spring tips from the middle ten days of 7 months to the upper ten days of 8 months, keeping the length of each branch to be 10-15cm, and picking off 3-4 leaves at the front end; meanwhile, disease and pest branches, disease branches, weak branches, spindly branches and dense branches are cut off; after the pruned branches germinate, applying 0.5-1.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 1.0-1.5kg of compound fertilizer to each branch, and applying 3.0-4.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 1.0-2.0kg of compound fertilizer to each branch when small fruits appear after flowering at intervals of 25-35 days;
(4) performing third pruning on the anageis in the second planting area: subtracting newly grown lateral branches of the branches subjected to secondary pruning from the middle ten days of 8 months to the middle ten days of 9 months, wherein the number of the newly grown lateral branches is 1/5-1/2, the remaining lateral branches are 10-15cm in length, and 3-4 leaves at the front end are picked off; after the pruned branches germinate, applying 1.0-2.0kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 0.5-1.0kg of compound fertilizer to each branch, applying 1.0-1.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 2.0-3.0kg of compound fertilizer and 1.0-1.5kg of urea to each branch when the fruit diameter is 0.5-1.0cm after 35-45 days.
2. The method for adjusting custard apple perinatal period according to claim 1, wherein the humidity of the soil is kept at 50-60% during the period from the branch pruning to the sprouting period.
3. The method for adjusting custard apple perinatal period according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the planting environment is maintained at 15-25 ℃ during the third branch pruning.
4. The method for regulating the perinatal period of ananas comosus according to claim 1, wherein 1-2 fruits are reserved in each branch after pruning in the steps (3) and (4).
5. The method for adjusting custard apple perinatal period as claimed in claim 1, wherein the decomposed organic fertilizer is chicken manure, cow manure or sheep manure.
6. The method for adjusting custard apple perinatal period as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound fertilizer is a phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the compound fertilizer contains phosphorus and potassium in a mass ratio of (4-5): (6-7).
7. The method for regulating anagega delivery period according to claim 1, wherein the pollination time of anagega in the first and second planting regions is the period of petal outward lifting separately.
8. The method for regulating custard apple perinatal period as claimed in claim 1, wherein the area ratio of the first planting area to the second planting area is 1:1-1: 2.
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