CN109819831A - A kind of engrafting method of walnut - Google Patents
A kind of engrafting method of walnut Download PDFInfo
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- CN109819831A CN109819831A CN201711183880.0A CN201711183880A CN109819831A CN 109819831 A CN109819831 A CN 109819831A CN 201711183880 A CN201711183880 A CN 201711183880A CN 109819831 A CN109819831 A CN 109819831A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of walnut grafting methods, which comprises the steps of: (1) prepares scion；(2) stock is selected；(3) scion pre-treatment；(4) it grafts；(5) wrapping and and shoot unbundlings after grafting；(6) it transplants, promote the strong breeding Walnut of the engrafting method production of Walnut Fruit high yield, current year sowing, current year grafting, next year fruiting, fruiting rate is 60% or more, survival rate is 95% or more after transplanting, yield is high, and single result is in spike or string-like, and peach tree vigo(u)r is vigorous, branch rate is strong, thorax branch result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology fields, in particular to a kind of engrafting method of walnut.
Background technique
Walnut, also known as English walnut, Qiang peach are juglandaceae plant, with almond, cashew nut, fibert and referred to as world-renowned " four is big
Dry fruit ".Walnut kernel nutrient rich in has the good reputation of " long live ", " Longevity ", " treasured of health ", every hectogram walnut
Benevolence contains 15~20 grams of protein, 60~70 grams of fat, wherein 86% fat is unsaturated fatty acid, 10 grams of carbohydrate,
And contain the various trace elements such as calcium needed by human, phosphorus, iron and a variety of dimension lifes such as minerals and carrotene, riboflavin
Element, meanwhile, Traditional Chinese Medicine is thought, walnut is sweet in flavor, warm-natured, enters kidney, lung and large intestine channel, has kidney tonifying, the strong waist of controlling nocturnal emission with astringent drugs, warm lung Dingchuan
And the effect of relax bowel and defecation.Therefore, walnut is deep by one of favorite nut based food of common people, often eats walnut to human health
It is highly beneficial.
The cultivation of walnut is limited by traditional cultivation means and technical conditions, and walnut is in history with the late real walnut product that grow directly from seeds
Based on kind cultivation, 95% plants in mountain area, is distributed in the nonirrigated farmland Gou Po more, these seedling trees, wide in variety, random, group mixes, compared with
Big has upper a century at tree.This late real walnut growth adaptability that grows directly from seeds is very strong, but generally requires 8~15 after transplanting
Or so year can just yield positive results, of poor benefits, take effect late, low output, civil to be commonly called as " walnut grandfather plants tree grandson and eats ".
It, come what is carried out, is an important plant propagation skill that plant graft, which is using the function with callus after plant injury,
Art.When grafting, keep two forming layers for hurting face close and tighten together, as a result because of hyperplasia, is healing each other to dimension pipe
The entirety to link together is organized, here it is the principles of grafting.Plant graft does not produce seed bearing fruit tree (such as to some
Some kinds of persimmon, citrus) breeding meaning it is great, be not only able to maintain the merit of scion variety, but also can having using stock
Sharp characteristic reaches precocity fruiting, enhancing winter resistance, drought resistance, the ability of disease and insect resistance, moreover it is possible to which economic utilization propagation material increases
Nursery stock quantity is usually used in the breeding of fruit tree, forest, flowers, is also used in melon vegetables nursery.
Compared with other propagation methods, propagation by grafiting walnut has the advantage that first, can keep scion variety
Merit.This is because scion is taken from branch or bud on excellent bearing tree.Heredity is more stable, after grafting generally not
It can morph.Second, it can be with precocity fruiting.Due to stock well developed root system, vigorous, branch stalwartness is grown after grafting.Third, can be with
Enhance the resistance of walnut.
Since walnut has effects that above-mentioned and advantage, the application range of walnut is very extensive, and market demand is larger, base
In the state that supply falls short of demand in sheet, therefore, walnut has cultivation throughout our country, and scale constantly expands.Walnut is cultivated,
The cultivation of walnut seedling is crucial.However, the Walnut Fruit inferior quality born by the walnut that Walnut Seed is cultivated, is
The walnut of higher quality is obtained, need will be on the walnut of the walnut grafting of higher quality to inferior quality.But in reality
In planting process, propagation by grafiting the problem of there is various influence walnut graft survival rates.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of engrafting methods of walnut.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical solutions
A kind of walnut grafting method, which comprises the steps of: (1) prepare scion: the time is April, and walnut is tree-like
At mature terminal bud, terminal bud diameter is 0.4-2cm, the walnut fruit platform pair slightly scion of the long 1-2cm of tender stem；Plastics are used after scion acquisition
Film packs tightly, and is put into 1~5 DEG C of freezer and stores for use；
(2) select stock: selecting length on 10 years fruitless walnuts is 30 centimetres or more of life branch as stock；
(3) it scion pre-treatment: is packed tightly after scion acquisition with plastic film, is put into 1~5 DEG C of freezer and stores for use, by scion
It takes out, plastic film is removed, scion is inserted into distilled water 1~2 hour；
(4) graft: grafting time is selected as 2-3 month, cuts in stock away from the smooth place 6~10cm at rhizome, and scabble section,
Partial application is indulged along medulla again, keeps stock notch V-shaped, compound fertilizer's solution is sprayed on stock notch；By scion from distilled water
Middle taking-up is cut into branch of the 10~15cm with terminal bud, and the lower end two sides of scion are whittled into the wedge shape of a length of 3~6cm；It will be compound
Fertile solution scion the wedge-shaped part libation at an ancient wedding ceremony once, be then inserted perpendicularly into stock notch, it is ensured that the forming layer of scion is formed with stock
Layer is in contact, and the wedge-like portion of scion will be entirely insertable in stock notch；
(5) graft after wrap up and and shoot unbundlings: with the tight bondage of plastic strip, it is ensured that interface humidity and healing condition, budder and sprout
After dynamic, blade and rudiment above graft union are cut in time, pay attention to radix saposhnikoviae management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and fertilizer and water management；
(6) transplant: select height above sea level at 1000 meters hereinafter, pH value less than or equal to 7 soil carry out dig tree nest, mu plant 50~
80 plants are transplanted.
In step (2): the nursery lot for planting rootstock seedling should select that draining is good, not ponding, sandy loam on the sunny side
Preferably, seedbed width 80cm, high 20cm, of length no more than 60m are colonized 4 row's stocks in plot.
In step (4): compound fertilizer's solution is the Klorvess Liquid that mass concentration is 30-40g/L.
In step (4): the Insulation of grafting is kept the temperature using vinyl house.
In step (6): the walnut sapling after transplanting pays attention to pollard in growth phase, reserves major branch.
In step (6): the walnut sapling after transplanting carries out water and fertilizer management, and specific water and fertilizer management is to apply fertilizer every year twice,
30-50kg/ mus of urea base manure are applied in growth period for the first time；Applying decomposed organic fertilizer 30-60kg/ the 8-9 month for the second time
Mu.
The present invention has the following advantages and effects with respect to the prior art:
1. the present invention promotes, the breeding Walnut of the engrafting method production of Walnut Fruit high yield is strong, current year sowing, transfers for the year
Connect, next year fruiting, for survival rate 95% or more, yield is high after 60% or more, transplanting for fruiting rate, single result in spike or
String-like, peach tree vigo(u)r is vigorous, and branch rate is strong, thorax branch result.
2. being coated with compound fertilizer's solution in scion and stock notch joint place, nutrition can be provided for scion in a short time, and
Keep moisture content.
3. carry out the key link that walnut grafting is grafting in vinyl house, be mainly that the reasonable temperature of control and
Humidity, temperature is stable round the clock to avoid the generation temperature difference that scion and stock notch is caused to be expanded with heat and contract with cold, and moisture abundance avoids scion sprout
Dehydration causes grafting to fail, and the present invention controls greenhouse temperature at 25-26 DEG C, and humid control avoids direct sunlight 85%.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment: a kind of walnut grafting method, which comprises the steps of: (1) prepare scion: the time is April
Part, walnut forms mature terminal bud, and terminal bud diameter is 0.4-2cm, the walnut fruit platform pair slightly scion of the long 1-2cm of tender stem；Scion
It is packed tightly after acquisition with plastic film, is put into 1~5 DEG C of freezer and stores for use；
(2) select stock: selecting length on 10 years fruitless walnuts is 30 centimetres or more of life branch as stock；
(3) it scion pre-treatment: is packed tightly after scion acquisition with plastic film, is put into 1~5 DEG C of freezer and stores for use, by scion
It takes out, plastic film is removed, scion is inserted into distilled water 1~2 hour；
(4) graft: grafting time is selected as 2-3 month, cuts in stock away from the smooth place 6~10cm at rhizome, and scabble section,
Partial application is indulged along medulla again, keeps stock notch V-shaped, compound fertilizer's solution is sprayed on stock notch；By scion from distilled water
Middle taking-up is cut into branch of the 10~15cm with terminal bud, and the lower end two sides of scion are whittled into the wedge shape of a length of 3~6cm；It will be compound
Fertile solution scion the wedge-shaped part libation at an ancient wedding ceremony once, be then inserted perpendicularly into stock notch, it is ensured that the forming layer of scion is formed with stock
Layer is in contact, and the wedge-like portion of scion will be entirely insertable in stock notch；
(5) graft after wrap up and and shoot unbundlings: with the tight bondage of plastic strip, it is ensured that interface humidity and healing condition, budder and sprout
After dynamic, blade and rudiment above graft union are cut in time, pay attention to radix saposhnikoviae management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and fertilizer and water management；
(6) transplant: select height above sea level at 1000 meters hereinafter, pH value less than or equal to 7 soil carry out dig tree nest, mu plant 50~
80 plants are transplanted.
In step (2): the nursery lot for planting rootstock seedling should select that draining is good, not ponding, sandy loam on the sunny side
Preferably, seedbed width 80cm, high 20cm, of length no more than 60m are colonized 4 row's stocks in plot.
In step (4): compound fertilizer's solution is the Klorvess Liquid that mass concentration is 30-40g/L.
In step (4): the Insulation of grafting is kept the temperature using vinyl house.
In step (6): the walnut sapling after transplanting pays attention to pollard in growth phase, reserves major branch.
In step (6): the walnut sapling after transplanting carries out water and fertilizer management, and specific water and fertilizer management is to apply fertilizer every year twice,
30-50kg/ mus of urea base manure are applied in growth period for the first time；Applying decomposed organic fertilizer 30-60kg/ the 8-9 month for the second time
Mu.
In the present embodiment, after planting seedbed through fill it is permeable after, if not drying, come up it is previous as be not required to pour water, but
Often to keep seedbed wet, cannot when dry trend after coming up, then according to weather condition, fitted in order to avoid causing the mold of seed
When pour water, pour water weekly 1 ~ 2 time in arid season, rainy season pays attention to the water drainage in nursery, avoid powdery mildew, root rot and other disease
Harmful generation.
In the present embodiment, according to engrafting method disclosed in the present application, scion healing can either be rapidly promoted and survived, and can
The growth of Grafted Variety seedling after promotion grafting survival.The present invention passes through to stock, scion and the reasonable choosing for surviving rear management method
With enabling to walnut grafting survival rate to reach 95% or more, seedling specification be rapidly achieved after surviving, can efficiently obtain core
Peach high quality seedling meets the demand in market significantly.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention.The technology of the industry
For personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, described in the above embodiment and specification is only the present invention
Preference, be not intended to limit the invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various
Changes and improvements, these changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by institute
Attached claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of walnut grafting method, which comprises the steps of: (1) prepare scion: the time is April, walnut
Mature terminal bud is formed, terminal bud diameter is 0.4-2cm, the walnut fruit platform pair slightly scion of the long 1-2cm of tender stem；With modeling after scion acquisition
Material film packs tightly, and is put into 1~5 DEG C of freezer and stores for use；(2) it selects stock: selecting long on 10 years fruitless walnuts
The life branch that degree is 30 centimetres or more is as stock；(3) it scion pre-treatment: is packed tightly after scion acquisition with plastic film, is put into 1~5
Storage is stand-by in DEG C freezer, and scion is taken out, plastic film is removed, and scion is inserted into distilled water 1~2 hour；(4) it transfers
Connect: grafting time is selected as 2-3 month, cuts in stock away from the smooth place 6~10cm at rhizome, and scabble section, then along medulla
Vertical partial application, keeps stock notch V-shaped, and compound fertilizer's solution is sprayed on stock notch；Scion is taken out from distilled water and is cut
The lower end two sides of scion are whittled into the wedge shape of a length of 3~6cm by the branch at 10~15cm with terminal bud；It will exist in compound fertilizer's solution
The wedge-shaped part libation at an ancient wedding ceremony of scion once, is then inserted perpendicularly into stock notch, it is ensured that and the forming layer of scion is in contact with stock forming layer,
The wedge-like portion of scion will be entirely insertable in stock notch；(5) graft after wrap up and and shoot unbundlings: tightly tied up with plastic strip
It ties up, it is ensured that interface humidity and healing condition budder after sprouting, cut blade and rudiment above graft union in time, pay attention to anti-air hose
Reason, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and fertilizer and water management；(6) it transplants: selecting height above sea level at 1000 meters hereinafter, pH value is less than or equal to 7
Soil carries out digging tree nest, and mu is planted 50~80 plants and transplanted.
2. a kind of walnut grafting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be used to plant in the step (2)
The nursery lot of rootstock seedling should select draining, and well, preferably, seedbed width 80cm is high for ponding, sandy loam on the sunny side
20cm, of length no more than 60m are colonized 4 row's stocks.
3. a kind of walnut grafting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described compound in the step (4)
Fertile solution is the Klorvess Liquid that mass concentration is 30-40g/L.
4. a kind of walnut grafting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the guarantor of the grafting in the step (4)
Warm measure is kept the temperature using vinyl house.
5. a kind of walnut grafting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that after the transplanting in the step (6)
Walnut sapling pays attention to pollard in growth phase, reserves major branch.
6. a kind of walnut grafting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that after the transplanting in the step (6)
Walnut sapling carries out water and fertilizer management, and specific water and fertilizer management is to apply fertilizer every year twice, applies urea base manure in growth period for the first time
30-50kg/ mus；Applying 30-60kg/ mus of decomposed organic fertilizer the 8-9 month for the second time.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711183880.0A CN109819831A (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2017-11-23 | A kind of engrafting method of walnut |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711183880.0A CN109819831A (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2017-11-23 | A kind of engrafting method of walnut |
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| CN104186208A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-12-10 | 重庆洞口科技有限公司 | Grafting method for promoting high yield of walnut fruits |
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| CN105706744A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-29 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Grafting method for Carya illinmoensis |
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| CN107211731A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-29 | 昭通市昭阳区林业局 | A kind of efficient branches of tall trees of walnut change excellent method |
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2017
- 2017-11-23 CN CN201711183880.0A patent/CN109819831A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103843587A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-06-11 | 林州市林业科学研究所 | Walnut grafting method |
| CN103039254A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-04-17 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Seedling growing method of apocarya |
| CN103988715A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-20 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Method for rapidly propagating apocarya good variety seedlings |
| CN104082041A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-10-08 | 句容谷歌庄园现代农业科技发展有限公司 | Grafting method for carya illinoinensis |
| CN104186208A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-12-10 | 重庆洞口科技有限公司 | Grafting method for promoting high yield of walnut fruits |
| CN104322295A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-02-04 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院蔬菜研究所 | Method for quickly breeding seedlings of Tibet walnut by grafting tender shoots |
| CN105706744A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-29 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Grafting method for Carya illinmoensis |
| CN106538248A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-29 | 建水县福祥种植园 | A kind of engrafting method of Semen Juglandiss |
| CN107211731A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-29 | 昭通市昭阳区林业局 | A kind of efficient branches of tall trees of walnut change excellent method |
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