CN104082041A - Grafting method for carya illinoinensis - Google Patents

Grafting method for carya illinoinensis Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104082041A
CN104082041A CN201410263815.9A CN201410263815A CN104082041A CN 104082041 A CN104082041 A CN 104082041A CN 201410263815 A CN201410263815 A CN 201410263815A CN 104082041 A CN104082041 A CN 104082041A
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grafting
seedling
apocarya
seedbed
stock
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CN104082041B (en
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单长芝
杜希荣
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JURONG GUGE DEMESNE MODERN AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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JURONG GUGE DEMESNE MODERN AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a grafting method for carya illinoinensis, systematically provides a complete set of grafting method including planting of seedlings, picking and treatment, selection and treatment of stocks, grafting and follow-up management of grafting and comprehensively provides technical key points in a carya illinoinensis grafting process. The method comprises a planting treatment method that source seedlings are selected as scions, a reasonable seedling culture medium and wax-sealing treatment after picking of the seedlings have the important influence on the scion quality, besides, the healing capability of the stocks and scions is also improved by solution treatment of the stocks, the complete set of grafting method is low in treatment cost, convenient to operate, high in grafting survival rate and very high in practicability, and the healing of the stocks and the scions is better.

Description

A kind of grafting method of apocarya
Technical field
The present invention relates to the planting technology of cathay hickory, especially relate to a kind of grafting method of apocarya.
Background technology
Apocarya is world-renowned high-grade dry fruit, oil plant seeds and material fruit dual-purpose fine tree species, originate in the U.S., this seeds economic worth is high, and afforestation landscaping effect is good, and lumber quality is good, its trunk is perfectly straight, material is solid, and texture is careful, high resilience, being difficult for warping and fracturing, is the excellent material of making furniture.And the thin easy stripping of shuck, kernel is plump, is rich in fat, and taste is fragrant and sweet, the raw material of and oil expression edible for dry fruit.In addition, it is wet that it is water-fast, and planting in around applicable river alongshore, lake and flat area " four is other ", can do street tree and shade tree.
Grafting refers to the bud of plant improved seeds and branch to be transferred on the stem and root of another plant body, and makes it the technology that healing forms new independent plant, be horticultural crop grow seedlings and production process in a kind of technology of extensive use.The stock of apocarya grafting is the seedling of the seeds such as walnut and apocarya, and the graft technology of conventional apocarya exists certain drawback at present, and the healing ability between stock and scion is poor, and survival rate is low.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to solve the lower problem of existing apocarya grafting trees survival rate in prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of healing ability improving between stock and scion, increase the grafting method of the apocarya of graft survival rate.
Technical scheme: to achieve these objectives, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A grafting method for apocarya, comprises the following steps:
(1) plantation of seedling: choose the apocarya seed of processing through vernalization, on leeward area without shade seedbed, sow, on seedbed, lay from top to bottom: base manure 8-12cm, 1 layer of plastic film, matrix 5-10cm, seed, matrix 5-10cm, outside covers one deck black plastic film, and temperature is controlled as 26-30 ℃; Wherein above-mentioned matrix is that weight ratio is dregs of beans, vermiculite, turfy soil and the bentonite of 2:1:2:3;
(2) harvesting of seedling and processing: early or mid April, choosing the seedling of height more than 8cm picks, seedling is extracted from seedbed, wipe out main root redundance, reservation length is 7-10cm, bundled being stored in cellar of seedling being collected, before grafting, the 5-10d processing of sealing with wax, cooling standby;
(3) the choosing and processing of stock: select healthy and strong, without the apocarya tree of damage by disease and insect and 3 years above age of trees, be stock, in from collar 6-8cm place's crosscut, from center, cross section to collar rip cutting, in incision, smear the Klorvess Liquid that mass concentration is 30-40g/L again, stand-by;
(4) grafting: get the standby seedling fringe of step (2), branch is cut into the cuttings of 8-10cm, cuttings upper end otch is apart from first bud 1-2cm, upper cut is flat mouth, lower cut is inclined-plane, puts in clear water and soaks after 4-6h, takes out room temperature placement 2-3h and carries out grafting, during grafting, cuttings lower cut is vertically inserted to stock incision, with plastic film, tie up the tight tighten of bag;
(5) management after grafting: after buddering and sprouting, cut in time grafting mouth top blade and rudiment, note windproof management, the extermination of disease and insect pest and rich water quality management.
More preferred, in described step (1), seedbed, before use to carrying out nursery soil sterilization treatment, selects 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim to process seedbed spraying.
Further, in described step (3), the applying amount of Klorvess Liquid is every stock 200-300mL.
Further, in described step (4), the diameter of cuttings is best with 1-2cm.
Further, in described step (5), rich water quality management is specially annual fertilising twice, uses for the first time urea base manure 30-50kg/ mu in vegetative period; Using the fertilizer 30-60kg/ mu becoming thoroughly decomposed the 8-9 month for the second time.
Beneficial effect: the grafting method of a kind of apocarya provided by the invention, the proposition of system from the plantation of seedling, pluck and process, the choosing and processing of stock, grafting is to a whole set of grafting method of the follow-up management of grafting, comprehensively provided technical essential crucial in apocarya grafting process, comprise that scion chooses the plantation processing method of source seedling, reasonably the processing of sealing with wax after the seedling harvesting of seedling culture matrix all has important impact to the quality of scion, in addition the liquid of stock is processed and has also been improved the healing ability between stock and scion, a whole set of grafting method processing cost is low, easy to operate, graft survival rate is high, between stock and scion, healing better, there is very strong practicality.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A grafting method for apocarya, comprises the following steps:
(1) plantation of seedling: choose the apocarya seed of processing through vernalization, on leeward area without shade seedbed, sow, on seedbed, lay from top to bottom: base manure 8cm, 1 layer of plastic film, matrix 5cm, seed, matrix 5cm, outside covers one deck black plastic film, and it is 26 ℃ that temperature is controlled; Wherein above-mentioned matrix is that weight ratio is dregs of beans, vermiculite, turfy soil and the bentonite of 2:1:2:3; In seedbed, before use to carrying out nursery soil sterilization treatment, select 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim to process seedbed spraying.
(2) harvesting of seedling and processing: early or mid April, choose the seedling of height more than 8cm and pick, seedling is extracted from seedbed, wipe out main root redundance, reservation length is 7cm, bundled being stored in cellar of seedling being collected, before grafting, the 5d processing of sealing with wax, cooling standby;
(3) the choosing and processing of stock: select healthy and strong, without the apocarya tree of damage by disease and insect and 3 years above age of trees, be stock, in from collar 6cm place's crosscut, again from center, cross section to collar rip cutting, in incision, smear the Klorvess Liquid that mass concentration is 30g/L, stand-by, wherein the applying amount of Klorvess Liquid is every stock 200mL;
(4) grafting: get the standby seedling fringe of step (2), branch is cut into the cuttings of 8cm, the diameter of cuttings is best with 1cm, cuttings upper end otch is apart from first bud 1cm, and upper cut is flat mouth, and lower cut is inclined-plane, put in clear water and soak after 4h, take out room temperature placement 2h and carry out grafting, during grafting, cuttings lower cut is vertically inserted to stock incision, with plastic film, tie up the tight tighten of bag;
(5) management after grafting: after buddering and sprouting, cut in time grafting mouth top blade and rudiment, note windproof management, the extermination of disease and insect pest and rich water quality management, rich water quality management is specially annual fertilising twice, uses for the first time urea base manure 30kg/ mu in vegetative period; In August, use for the second time the fertilizer 30kg/ mu becoming thoroughly decomposed.
Embodiment 2:
A grafting method for apocarya, comprises the following steps:
(1) plantation of seedling: choose the apocarya seed of processing through vernalization, on leeward area without shade seedbed, sow, on seedbed, lay from top to bottom: base manure 10cm, 1 layer of plastic film, matrix 8cm, seed, matrix 8cm, outside covers one deck black plastic film, and it is 28 ℃ that temperature is controlled; Wherein above-mentioned matrix is that weight ratio is dregs of beans, vermiculite, turfy soil and the bentonite of 2:1:2:3; In seedbed, before use to carrying out nursery soil sterilization treatment, select 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim to process seedbed spraying.
(2) harvesting of seedling and processing: early or mid April, choose the seedling of height more than 8cm and pick, seedling is extracted from seedbed, wipe out main root redundance, reservation length is 8.5cm, bundled being stored in cellar of seedling being collected, before grafting, the 7d processing of sealing with wax, cooling standby;
(3) the choosing and processing of stock: select healthy and strong, without the apocarya tree of damage by disease and insect and 3 years above age of trees, be stock, in from collar 7cm place's crosscut, again from center, cross section to collar rip cutting, in incision, smear the Klorvess Liquid that mass concentration is 35g/L, stand-by, wherein the applying amount of Klorvess Liquid is every stock 250mL;
(4) grafting: get the standby seedling fringe of step (2), branch is cut into the cuttings of 9cm, the diameter of cuttings is best with 1.5cm, cuttings upper end otch is apart from first bud 1.5cm, and upper cut is flat mouth, and lower cut is inclined-plane, put in clear water and soak after 5h, take out room temperature placement 2.5h and carry out grafting, during grafting, cuttings lower cut is vertically inserted to stock incision, with plastic film, tie up the tight tighten of bag;
(5) management after grafting: after buddering and sprouting, cut in time grafting mouth top blade and rudiment, note windproof management, the extermination of disease and insect pest and rich water quality management, rich water quality management is specially annual fertilising twice, uses for the first time urea base manure 40kg/ mu in vegetative period; Using the fertilizer 45kg/ mu becoming thoroughly decomposed the 8-9 month for the second time.
Embodiment 3:
A grafting method for apocarya, comprises the following steps:
(1) plantation of seedling: choose the apocarya seed of processing through vernalization, on leeward area without shade seedbed, sow, on seedbed, lay from top to bottom: base manure 12cm, 1 layer of plastic film, matrix 10cm, seed, matrix 10cm, outside covers one deck black plastic film, and it is 30 ℃ that temperature is controlled; Wherein above-mentioned matrix is that weight ratio is dregs of beans, vermiculite, turfy soil and the bentonite of 2:1:2:3; In seedbed, before use to carrying out nursery soil sterilization treatment, select 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim to process seedbed spraying.
(2) harvesting of seedling and processing: early or mid April, choose the seedling of height more than 8cm and pick, seedling is extracted from seedbed, wipe out main root redundance, reservation length is 10cm, bundled being stored in cellar of seedling being collected, before grafting, the 10d processing of sealing with wax, cooling standby;
(3) the choosing and processing of stock: select healthy and strong, without the apocarya tree of damage by disease and insect and 3 years above age of trees, be stock, in from collar 8cm place's crosscut, again from center, cross section to collar rip cutting, in incision, smear the Klorvess Liquid that mass concentration is 40g/L, stand-by, wherein the applying amount of Klorvess Liquid is every stock 300mL;
(4) grafting: get the standby seedling fringe of step (2), branch is cut into the cuttings of 10cm, the diameter of cuttings is best with 2cm, cuttings upper end otch is apart from first bud 2cm, and upper cut is flat mouth, and lower cut is inclined-plane, put in clear water and soak after 6h, take out room temperature placement 3h and carry out grafting, during grafting, cuttings lower cut is vertically inserted to stock incision, with plastic film, tie up the tight tighten of bag;
(5) management after grafting: after buddering and sprouting, cut in time grafting mouth top blade and rudiment, note windproof management, the extermination of disease and insect pest and rich water quality management, rich water quality management is specially annual fertilising twice, uses for the first time urea base manure 50kg/ mu in vegetative period; Using the fertilizer 60kg/ mu becoming thoroughly decomposed the 8-9 month for the second time.
Use the grafting method of a kind of apocarya of the present invention to compare with the graft technology of traditional handicraft, between stock and scion, healing state is better, and when spring next year, solution was tied up, graft survival rate is more than 85%, and more traditional grafting technique has improved 8-10%.
It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvement, these improvement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a grafting method for apocarya, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) plantation of seedling: choose the apocarya seed of processing through vernalization, on leeward area without shade seedbed, sow, on seedbed, lay from top to bottom: base manure 8-12cm, 1 layer of plastic film, matrix 5-10cm, seed, matrix 5-10cm, outside covers one deck black plastic film, and temperature is controlled as 26-30 ℃; Wherein above-mentioned matrix is that weight ratio is dregs of beans, vermiculite, turfy soil and the bentonite of 2:1:2:3;
(2) harvesting of seedling and processing: early or mid April, choosing the seedling of height more than 8cm picks, seedling is extracted from seedbed, wipe out main root redundance, reservation length is 7-10cm, bundled being stored in cellar of seedling being collected, before grafting, the 5-10d processing of sealing with wax, cooling standby;
(3) the choosing and processing of stock: select healthy and strong, without the apocarya tree of damage by disease and insect and 3 years above age of trees, be stock, in from collar 6-8cm place's crosscut, from center, cross section to collar rip cutting, in incision, smear the Klorvess Liquid that mass concentration is 30-40g/L again, stand-by;
(4) grafting: get the standby seedling fringe of step (2), branch is cut into the cuttings of 8-10cm, cuttings upper end otch is apart from first bud 1-2cm, upper cut is flat mouth, lower cut is inclined-plane, puts in clear water and soaks after 4-6h, takes out room temperature placement 2-3h and carries out grafting, during grafting, cuttings lower cut is vertically inserted to stock incision, with plastic film, tie up the tight tighten of bag;
(5) management after grafting: after buddering and sprouting, cut in time grafting mouth top blade and rudiment, note windproof management, the extermination of disease and insect pest and rich water quality management.
2. the grafting method of apocarya according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (1), seedbed, before use to carrying out nursery soil sterilization treatment, selects 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim to process seedbed spraying.
3. the grafting method of apocarya according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (3), the applying amount of Klorvess Liquid is every stock 200-300mL.
4. the grafting method of apocarya according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (4), the diameter of cuttings is best with 1-2cm.
5. the grafting method of apocarya according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (5), rich water quality management is specially annual fertilising twice, uses for the first time urea base manure 30-50kg/ mu in vegetative period; Using the fertilizer 30-60kg/ mu becoming thoroughly decomposed the 8-9 month for the second time.
CN201410263815.9A 2014-06-13 2014-06-13 A kind of grafting method of apocarya Expired - Fee Related CN104082041B (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104381029A (en) * 2014-11-17 2015-03-04 赵廷松 Novel grafting reformation method for large Yunnan walnut trees
CN104838954A (en) * 2015-05-29 2015-08-19 垫江县茂源核桃种植股份合作社 Walnut cultivation technology
CN105000965A (en) * 2015-06-26 2015-10-28 江苏水木农景股份有限公司 Carya illinoinensis Koch seedling raising substrate, preparation method and application thereof
CN105325250A (en) * 2015-11-12 2016-02-17 安徽大墅龙山园林绿化有限公司 Planting technology of carya illinoensis
CN107027523A (en) * 2017-06-15 2017-08-11 合肥慧明瀚生态农业科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of hickory nut
CN107141145A (en) * 2017-07-10 2017-09-08 江苏金山东篱农业有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of apocarya in shale Hills
CN107211734A (en) * 2017-06-07 2017-09-29 常州海瑞纺织品有限公司 A kind of engrafting method of apocarya
CN109220282A (en) * 2018-09-02 2019-01-18 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 A kind of apocarya grafting and breeding method
CN109302902A (en) * 2018-11-15 2019-02-05 阜阳大丰收农业种植专业合作社 A kind of apocarya grafting implantation methods
CN109819831A (en) * 2017-11-23 2019-05-31 旺苍县木门镇盐井核桃专业合作社 A kind of engrafting method of walnut
CN112492996A (en) * 2020-11-28 2021-03-16 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 Carya illinoensis grafting method capable of improving yield

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JPH0242920A (en) * 1988-07-30 1990-02-13 Hiroki Sato Plant-breeding by grafting fig to walnuts
CN101142884A (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-03-19 浙江林学院 Method for cultivating hickory nut stock grafting seedling
CN102057851A (en) * 2010-10-28 2011-05-18 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 New technique for culturing apocarya by seeding and grafting in current year
CN102783366A (en) * 2012-07-08 2012-11-21 成都威联达农业技术服务有限公司 Carya illinoensis large-root stock grafting method
CN102823439A (en) * 2012-09-20 2012-12-19 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 Method for temperature control and humidity control graftage of carya illinoensis
CN103039277A (en) * 2013-01-15 2013-04-17 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 Bark grafting method of apocarya
CN103202182A (en) * 2013-05-07 2013-07-17 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 High-scion and head-changing grafting method of carya illinoensis
CN103636449A (en) * 2013-11-22 2014-03-19 四川农业大学 Efficient walnut seedling breeding system
CN103814758A (en) * 2014-02-18 2014-05-28 阜阳市林业科学技术推广站 Production method and using method of simple carya illinoensis budding knife
CN103828677A (en) * 2014-03-04 2014-06-04 云南润雨薄壳山核桃科技开发有限公司 Carya illinoensis nutrition bag seedling cultivation method

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0242920A (en) * 1988-07-30 1990-02-13 Hiroki Sato Plant-breeding by grafting fig to walnuts
CN101142884A (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-03-19 浙江林学院 Method for cultivating hickory nut stock grafting seedling
CN102057851A (en) * 2010-10-28 2011-05-18 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 New technique for culturing apocarya by seeding and grafting in current year
CN102783366A (en) * 2012-07-08 2012-11-21 成都威联达农业技术服务有限公司 Carya illinoensis large-root stock grafting method
CN102823439A (en) * 2012-09-20 2012-12-19 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 Method for temperature control and humidity control graftage of carya illinoensis
CN103039277A (en) * 2013-01-15 2013-04-17 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 Bark grafting method of apocarya
CN103202182A (en) * 2013-05-07 2013-07-17 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 High-scion and head-changing grafting method of carya illinoensis
CN103636449A (en) * 2013-11-22 2014-03-19 四川农业大学 Efficient walnut seedling breeding system
CN103814758A (en) * 2014-02-18 2014-05-28 阜阳市林业科学技术推广站 Production method and using method of simple carya illinoensis budding knife
CN103828677A (en) * 2014-03-04 2014-06-04 云南润雨薄壳山核桃科技开发有限公司 Carya illinoensis nutrition bag seedling cultivation method

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104381029A (en) * 2014-11-17 2015-03-04 赵廷松 Novel grafting reformation method for large Yunnan walnut trees
CN104381029B (en) * 2014-11-17 2016-09-07 赵廷松 Walnut big tree transformation engrafting method
CN104838954A (en) * 2015-05-29 2015-08-19 垫江县茂源核桃种植股份合作社 Walnut cultivation technology
CN105000965B (en) * 2015-06-26 2019-02-05 江苏水木农景股份有限公司 A kind of apocarya seedling medium and its preparation method and application
CN105000965A (en) * 2015-06-26 2015-10-28 江苏水木农景股份有限公司 Carya illinoinensis Koch seedling raising substrate, preparation method and application thereof
CN105325250A (en) * 2015-11-12 2016-02-17 安徽大墅龙山园林绿化有限公司 Planting technology of carya illinoensis
CN107211734A (en) * 2017-06-07 2017-09-29 常州海瑞纺织品有限公司 A kind of engrafting method of apocarya
CN107027523A (en) * 2017-06-15 2017-08-11 合肥慧明瀚生态农业科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of hickory nut
CN107141145A (en) * 2017-07-10 2017-09-08 江苏金山东篱农业有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of apocarya in shale Hills
CN109819831A (en) * 2017-11-23 2019-05-31 旺苍县木门镇盐井核桃专业合作社 A kind of engrafting method of walnut
CN109220282A (en) * 2018-09-02 2019-01-18 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 A kind of apocarya grafting and breeding method
CN109220282B (en) * 2018-09-02 2021-06-08 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 Grafting breeding method for apocarya
CN109302902A (en) * 2018-11-15 2019-02-05 阜阳大丰收农业种植专业合作社 A kind of apocarya grafting implantation methods
CN112492996A (en) * 2020-11-28 2021-03-16 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 Carya illinoensis grafting method capable of improving yield

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