CN104082041B - A kind of grafting method of apocarya - Google Patents
A kind of grafting method of apocarya Download PDFInfo
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- CN104082041B CN104082041B CN201410263815.9A CN201410263815A CN104082041B CN 104082041 B CN104082041 B CN 104082041B CN 201410263815 A CN201410263815 A CN 201410263815A CN 104082041 B CN104082041 B CN 104082041B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of grafting method of apocarya, the plantation proposed from seedling of system, pluck process, the choosing and processing of stock, grafting is to a whole set of the grafting method of follow-up management of grafting, comprehensively give technical essential crucial in apocarya grafting procedures, comprise the plantation processing method that source seedling is chosen in scion, process of sealing with wax after the seedling harvesting of rational seedling culture matrix all has important impact to the quality of scion, in addition the liquid process of stock also improves the healing ability between stock and scion, a whole set of grafting method processing cost is low, easy to operate, graft survival rate is high, between stock and scion, healing better, there is very strong practicality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the planting technology of cathay hickory, especially relate to a kind of grafting method of apocarya.
Background technology
Apocarya is world-renowned high-grade dry fruit, oil plant seeds and material fruit dual-purpose fine tree species, originate in the U.S., this seeds economic worth is high, and afforestation landscaping effect is good, and lumber quality is good, its trunk is logical straight, material is solid, and texture is careful, high resilience, not easily warping and fracturing, is the excellent material making furniture.And the thin easy stripping of shuck, kernel is plump, and be rich in fat, taste is fragrant and sweet, the raw material eating for dry fruit and extract oil.In addition, it is wet that it is water-fast, and planting in around applicable river alongshore, lake and flat area " four is other ", can do street tree and shade tree.
On the stem that grafting refers to the bud of plant improved seeds and branch to be transferred to another plant body and root, and making it to heal and form the technology of new independent plants, is a kind of technology of extensive use in horticultural crop nursery and production process.The stock of apocarya grafting is the seedling of the seed such as walnut and apocarya, and the graft technology of apocarya conventional at present exists certain drawback, and the healing ability between stock and scion is poor, and survival rate is low.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to solve the lower problem of apocarya grafting trees survival rate existing in prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of healing ability improved between stock and scion, increasing the grafting method of the apocarya of graft survival rate.
Technical scheme: to achieve these objectives, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A grafting method for apocarya, comprises the following steps:
(1) plantation of seedling: choose the apocarya seed through vernalization process, leeward area without shade seedbed is sowed, seedbed is laid from top to bottom: base manure 8-12cm, plastic film 1 layer, matrix 5-10cm, seed, matrix 5-10cm, outside covers one deck black plastic film, and temperature controls as 26-30 DEG C; The wherein dregs of beans of above-mentioned matrix to be weight ratio be 2:1:2:3, vermiculite, turfy soil and bentonite;
(2) harvesting of seedling and process: early or mid April, choose height to pick the seedling of more than 8cm, seedling is extracted from seedbed, wipe out main root redundance, reservation length is 7-10cm, the seedling be collected is bundled to be stored in cellar, and before grafting, 5-10d carries out process of sealing with wax, and cools for subsequent use;
(3) the choosing and processing of stock: select healthy and strong, be stock without the apocarya tree of damage by disease and insect and more than the 3 years age of trees, in from collar 6-8cm place's crosscut, again from center, cross section to collar rip cutting, smear in incision the Klorvess Liquid that mass concentration is 30-40g/L, stand-by;
(4) grafting: get the seedling fringe that step (2) is for subsequent use, branch is cut into the cuttings of 8-10cm, cuttings upper end otch distance first bud 1-2cm, upper cut is flat mouth, lower cut is inclined-plane, puts after soaking 4-6h in clear water, takes out room temperature placement 2-3h and carries out grafting, during grafting, cuttings lower cut is vertically inserted stock incision, tie up the tight tighten of bag with plastic film;
(5) management after grafting: budder after sprouting, cuts blade and rudiment above grafting mouth in time, notes windproof management, the extermination of disease and insect pest and rich water quality management.
More preferred, in described step (1), seedbed is before use to carrying out nursery soil sterilization treatment, selects 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid to seedbed spraying process.
Further, in described step (3), the applying amount of Klorvess Liquid is every stock 200-300mL.
Further, in described step (4), the diameter of cuttings is best with 1-2cm.
Further, in described step (5), rich water quality management is specially annual fertilising twice, and first time uses urea base manure 30-50kg/ mu in vegetative period; Second time is using the fertilizer 30-60kg/ mu become thoroughly decomposed the 8-9 month.
Beneficial effect: the grafting method of a kind of apocarya provided by the invention, the plantation proposed from seedling of system, pluck process, the choosing and processing of stock, grafting is to a whole set of the grafting method of follow-up management of grafting, comprehensively give technical essential crucial in apocarya grafting procedures, comprise the plantation processing method that source seedling is chosen in scion, process of sealing with wax after the seedling harvesting of rational seedling culture matrix all has important impact to the quality of scion, in addition the liquid process of stock also improves the healing ability between stock and scion, a whole set of grafting method processing cost is low, easy to operate, graft survival rate is high, between stock and scion, healing better, there is very strong practicality.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A grafting method for apocarya, comprises the following steps:
(1) plantation of seedling: choose the apocarya seed through vernalization process, leeward area without shade seedbed is sowed, seedbed is laid from top to bottom: base manure 8cm, plastic film 1 layer, matrix 5cm, seed, matrix 5cm, outside covers one deck black plastic film, and it is 26 DEG C that temperature controls; The wherein dregs of beans of above-mentioned matrix to be weight ratio be 2:1:2:3, vermiculite, turfy soil and bentonite; In seedbed before use to carrying out nursery soil sterilization treatment, select 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid to seedbed spraying process.
(2) harvesting of seedling and process: early or mid April, chooses height and picks the seedling of more than 8cm, extracted by seedling from seedbed, wipe out main root redundance, reservation length is 7cm, and the seedling be collected is bundled to be stored in cellar, before grafting, 5d carries out process of sealing with wax, and cools for subsequent use;
(3) the choosing and processing of stock: select healthy and strong, be stock without the apocarya tree of damage by disease and insect and more than the 3 years age of trees, in from collar 6cm place's crosscut, again from center, cross section to collar rip cutting, the Klorvess Liquid that mass concentration is 30g/L is smeared in incision, stand-by, wherein the applying amount of Klorvess Liquid is every stock 200mL;
(4) grafting: get the seedling fringe that step (2) is for subsequent use, branch is cut into the cuttings of 8cm, the diameter of cuttings is best with 1cm, cuttings upper end otch distance first bud 1cm, upper cut is flat mouth, and lower cut is inclined-plane, put after soaking 4h in clear water, take out room temperature placement 2h and carry out grafting, during grafting, cuttings lower cut is vertically inserted stock incision, tie up the tight tighten of bag with plastic film;
(5) management after grafting: budder after sprouting, cut blade and rudiment above grafting mouth in time, note windproof management, the extermination of disease and insect pest and rich water quality management, rich water quality management is specially annual fertilising twice, and first time uses urea base manure 30kg/ mu in vegetative period; Second time uses in August the fertilizer 30kg/ mu become thoroughly decomposed.
Embodiment 2:
A grafting method for apocarya, comprises the following steps:
(1) plantation of seedling: choose the apocarya seed through vernalization process, leeward area without shade seedbed is sowed, seedbed is laid from top to bottom: base manure 10cm, plastic film 1 layer, matrix 8cm, seed, matrix 8cm, outside covers one deck black plastic film, and it is 28 DEG C that temperature controls; The wherein dregs of beans of above-mentioned matrix to be weight ratio be 2:1:2:3, vermiculite, turfy soil and bentonite; In seedbed before use to carrying out nursery soil sterilization treatment, select 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid to seedbed spraying process.
(2) harvesting of seedling and process: early or mid April, choose height to pick the seedling of more than 8cm, seedling is extracted from seedbed, wipe out main root redundance, reservation length is 8.5cm, the seedling be collected is bundled to be stored in cellar, and before grafting, 7d carries out process of sealing with wax, and cools for subsequent use;
(3) the choosing and processing of stock: select healthy and strong, be stock without the apocarya tree of damage by disease and insect and more than the 3 years age of trees, in from collar 7cm place's crosscut, again from center, cross section to collar rip cutting, the Klorvess Liquid that mass concentration is 35g/L is smeared in incision, stand-by, wherein the applying amount of Klorvess Liquid is every stock 250mL;
(4) grafting: get the seedling fringe that step (2) is for subsequent use, branch is cut into the cuttings of 9cm, the diameter of cuttings is best with 1.5cm, cuttings upper end otch distance first bud 1.5cm, upper cut is flat mouth, and lower cut is inclined-plane, put after soaking 5h in clear water, take out room temperature placement 2.5h and carry out grafting, during grafting, cuttings lower cut is vertically inserted stock incision, tie up the tight tighten of bag with plastic film;
(5) management after grafting: budder after sprouting, cut blade and rudiment above grafting mouth in time, note windproof management, the extermination of disease and insect pest and rich water quality management, rich water quality management is specially annual fertilising twice, and first time uses urea base manure 40kg/ mu in vegetative period; Second time is using the fertilizer 45kg/ mu become thoroughly decomposed the 8-9 month.
Embodiment 3:
A grafting method for apocarya, comprises the following steps:
(1) plantation of seedling: choose the apocarya seed through vernalization process, leeward area without shade seedbed is sowed, seedbed is laid from top to bottom: base manure 12cm, plastic film 1 layer, matrix 10cm, seed, matrix 10cm, outside covers one deck black plastic film, and it is 30 DEG C that temperature controls; The wherein dregs of beans of above-mentioned matrix to be weight ratio be 2:1:2:3, vermiculite, turfy soil and bentonite; In seedbed before use to carrying out nursery soil sterilization treatment, select 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid to seedbed spraying process.
(2) harvesting of seedling and process: early or mid April, choose height to pick the seedling of more than 8cm, seedling is extracted from seedbed, wipe out main root redundance, reservation length is 10cm, the seedling be collected is bundled to be stored in cellar, and before grafting, 10d carries out process of sealing with wax, and cools for subsequent use;
(3) the choosing and processing of stock: select healthy and strong, be stock without the apocarya tree of damage by disease and insect and more than the 3 years age of trees, in from collar 8cm place's crosscut, again from center, cross section to collar rip cutting, the Klorvess Liquid that mass concentration is 40g/L is smeared in incision, stand-by, wherein the applying amount of Klorvess Liquid is every stock 300mL;
(4) grafting: get the seedling fringe that step (2) is for subsequent use, branch is cut into the cuttings of 10cm, the diameter of cuttings is best with 2cm, cuttings upper end otch distance first bud 2cm, upper cut is flat mouth, and lower cut is inclined-plane, put after soaking 6h in clear water, take out room temperature placement 3h and carry out grafting, during grafting, cuttings lower cut is vertically inserted stock incision, tie up the tight tighten of bag with plastic film;
(5) management after grafting: budder after sprouting, cut blade and rudiment above grafting mouth in time, note windproof management, the extermination of disease and insect pest and rich water quality management, rich water quality management is specially annual fertilising twice, and first time uses urea base manure 50kg/ mu in vegetative period; Second time is using the fertilizer 60kg/ mu become thoroughly decomposed the 8-9 month.
Use the grafting method of a kind of apocarya of the present invention compared with the graft technology of traditional handicraft, between stock and scion, healing state is better, and when spring next year, solution was tied up, graft survival rate is more than 85%, and more traditional grafting technique improves 8-10%.
It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvement, these improvement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a grafting method for apocarya, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) plantation of seedling: choose the apocarya seed through vernalization process, leeward area without shade seedbed is sowed, seedbed is laid from top to bottom: base manure 8-12cm, plastic film 1 layer, matrix 5-10cm, seed, matrix 5-10cm, outside covers one deck black plastic film, and temperature controls as 26-30 DEG C; The wherein dregs of beans of above-mentioned matrix to be weight ratio be 2:1:2:3, vermiculite, turfy soil and bentonite;
(2) harvesting of seedling and process: early or mid April, choose height to pick the seedling of more than 8cm, seedling is extracted from seedbed, wipe out main root redundance, the length retaining main root is 7-10cm, the seedling be collected is bundled to be stored in cellar, and before grafting, 5-10d carries out process of sealing with wax, and cools for subsequent use;
(3) the choosing and processing of stock: select healthy and strong, be stock without the apocarya tree of damage by disease and insect and more than the 3 years age of trees, in from collar 6-8cm place's crosscut, again from center, cross section to collar rip cutting, smear in incision the Klorvess Liquid that mass concentration is 30-40g/L, stand-by;
(4) grafting: get the seedling fringe that step (2) is for subsequent use, branch is cut into the scion of 8-10cm, scion upper end otch distance first bud 1-2cm, upper cut is flat mouth, lower cut is inclined-plane, puts after soaking 4-6h in clear water, takes out room temperature placement 2-3h and carries out grafting, during grafting, scion lower cut is vertically inserted stock incision, tie up the tight tighten of bag with plastic film;
(5) management after grafting: budder after sprouting, cuts blade and rudiment above grafting mouth in time, notes windproof management, the extermination of disease and insect pest and rich water quality management.
2. the grafting method of apocarya according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (1), soil sterilization process is carried out to seedbed before use in seedbed, selects 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid to seedbed spraying process.
3. the grafting method of apocarya according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (3), the applying amount of Klorvess Liquid is every stock 200-300mL.
4. the grafting method of apocarya according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (4), the diameter of scion is 1-2cm.
5. the grafting method of apocarya according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (5), rich water quality management is specially annual fertilising twice, and first time uses urea base manure 30-50kg/ mu in vegetative period; Second time is using the fertilizer 30-60kg/ mu become thoroughly decomposed the 8-9 month.
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Families Citing this family (11)
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| CN104381029B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-09-07 | 赵廷松 | Walnut big tree transformation engrafting method |
| CN104838954A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-19 | 垫江县茂源核桃种植股份合作社 | Walnut cultivation technology |
| CN105000965B (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2019-02-05 | 江苏水木农景股份有限公司 | A kind of apocarya seedling medium and its preparation method and application |
| CN105325250A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-02-17 | 安徽大墅龙山园林绿化有限公司 | Planting technology of carya illinoensis |
| CN107211734A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-29 | 常州海瑞纺织品有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of apocarya |
| CN107027523A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-11 | 合肥慧明瀚生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of hickory nut |
| CN107141145A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-09-08 | 江苏金山东篱农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of apocarya in shale Hills |
| CN109819831A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-05-31 | 旺苍县木门镇盐井核桃专业合作社 | A kind of engrafting method of walnut |
| CN109220282B (en) * | 2018-09-02 | 2021-06-08 | 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 | Grafting breeding method for apocarya |
| CN109302902A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-05 | 阜阳大丰收农业种植专业合作社 | A kind of apocarya grafting implantation methods |
| CN112492996A (en) * | 2020-11-28 | 2021-03-16 | 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | Carya illinoensis grafting method capable of improving yield |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0242920A (en) * | 1988-07-30 | 1990-02-13 | Hiroki Sato | Plant-breeding by grafting fig to walnuts |
| CN101142884B (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2010-05-26 | 浙江林学院 | Method for cultivating hickory nut stock grafting seedling |
| CN102057851B (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2012-06-27 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | New technique for culturing apocarya by seeding and grafting in current year |
| CN102783366A (en) * | 2012-07-08 | 2012-11-21 | 成都威联达农业技术服务有限公司 | Carya illinoensis large-root stock grafting method |
| CN102823439B (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2014-03-26 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for temperature control and humidity control graftage of carya illinoensis |
| CN103039277B (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2014-03-26 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Bark grafting method of apocarya |
| CN103202182B (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2014-09-10 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | High-scion and head-changing grafting method of carya illinoensis |
| CN103636449B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-04-08 | 四川农业大学 | Efficient walnut seedling breeding system |
| CN103814758B (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2016-02-03 | 阜阳市林业科学技术推广站 | The simple and easy budding knife of apocarya makes and using method |
| CN103828677B (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2016-06-01 | 云南润雨薄壳山核桃科技开发有限公司 | A kind of apocarya nutrient bag seeding cultivating method |
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